1、语法点集中攻坚单元要点大本营单元一法练写作Look into ScienceUnit 5定语从句考点在复合句中作定语，修饰句子中的某一名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句前。引导定语从句的是关系代词that，which，who，whose，whom和关系副词when，where，why等。关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间，它既起连接作用，又充当从句的某一成分。语法点集中攻坚考向一 用法：关系词先行词从句成分例句关系代词who 人主语，宾语，表语He who has not reached the Great Wall isnt a true m
2、an.不到长城非好汉。whom 人宾语The person whom you met yesterday is my teacher.你昨天遇到的那个人是我的老师。whose 人，物定语Id like a room whose window faces the sea.我想要一个窗户朝向大海的房间。关系代词that 人，物主语，宾语，表语The car that I hired broke down.我租的那辆小汽车坏了。She is the very person that I want to see at once.她正是我想立刻见的那个人。which物主语，宾语，表语The book w
3、hich I gave you was worth$10.我给你的那本书值10美元。关系副词when 时间时间状语I will never forget the days when I worked on the farm.我永远不会忘记我在农场工作的那些日子。where 地点地点状语This is the place where we met yesterday.这是我们昨天碰头的地方。why 原因原因状语That was the reason why I didnt come yesterday.那就是我昨天没有来的原因。典例 1 I like the writers _ are popu
4、lar among teenagers.(成都)AwhoBwhichCwhomA【点拨】考查的是定语从句的关系词。根据句意“我喜欢在青少年中受欢迎的作家”。可知本句的先行词the writers指人，关系代词用who，故选A。典例 2 In a text message，88 means Byebye.And another example is F2F_stands for face to face.(湖北黄冈)AthatBwhoCwhomDitA【点拨】考查的是定语从句的关系词。根据句意“在短信中，88的意思是再见。另一个例子是F2F代表面对面。”可知先行词F2F指物，用关系代词that。
5、故选A。典例 3 Which is your new neighbour,Liu Hua？The man_ Tshirt is red.(山东泰安)AthatBwhoCwhich DwhoseD【点拨】句意：刘华，哪一位是你的新邻居？T 恤衫是红色的那个男人。在定语从句中，that，who和 which是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。而whose作定语，分析句子结构可知，这里的定语从句中缺少定语，修饰名词Tshirt，故选D。考向【易错点】that和which都可以指物，that和who都可以用来指人，但在下列情况下，只能用that引导，不能用who或which引导：(1)当先行
6、词是all，little，much，none，everything，anything，nothing等词时。eg：Is there anything that I can do for you?我能为你做些什么吗？(2)当先行词前面有the only，the very，the last等修饰时。(当先行词是人时，也可用关系代词who，whom引导)eg：She is the very thief that the policeman is looking for.她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。(3)当有序数词或形容词的最高级修饰先行词时。eg：The first thing that we s
7、hould do is to finish our homework.我们首先要做的事情是完成作业。(4)当先行词既有人又有物时。eg：We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we visited.我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。典例 1 I still remember the college and the teachers _ I visited in London years ago.(安徽)Awhat BwhoCthat DwhichC【点拨】考查定语从句的关系词的用法。空格后的句子是一个定语从
8、句，用来修饰先行词the college and the teachers，既包括人又包括物，所以关系词只能用that，而不能用 which，所以选择C。典例 2 Being blind is something _ most people cant imagine.(杭州)AwhoBwhatCthat DwhomC【点拨】本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是something，关系代词用that。故选C。考向三 下列情况下不能用that。(1)关系代词前有介词。eg：This is the house in which Jiao Yulu once lived.这是焦裕禄曾经住过的房子。(2)
9、先行词为that时。eg：Whats that which you are holding in your arms？你怀里抱着的那个是什么？魔法记忆that和which引导定语从句的用法：that，which可互换，下列情况须照办。that情况比较多，先来对你说一说：不定代词这一伙，全用that准没错。先行词前被限制，千万不要用which，要用which别着急，介词提前莫忘记。一、单项选择 1(中考哈尔滨)Everyone has his aim in life.However，you cant get fat on one mouthful.Start with the easiest t
10、hing _ you can control.Awho Bthat Cwhich【点拨】考查定语从句。题意“每个人生活都有目标。然而，一口吃不成胖子。从你能控制的最容易的事情做起。”thing前有最高级修饰，故用that。B2The first thing _ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.Awhich Bthat Cwhy DwhoB【点拨】考查定语从句中that的用法。当先行词前有序数词来修饰时，引导词必须用that，故选B。3(中考内江)The TV play You Who Come from
11、 theStars is popular recently.Yes.It is the only program _ I watched this month.Awho Bthat Cwhich DwhenB【点拨】考查定语从句中that的用法。在定语从句中有序数词、形容词的最高级、the only等词来修饰先行词的时候，引导词要用that。故选B。4(中考临沂)After Mandela was free(自由的)in 1990，he chose to shake hands with the people _ wanted to kill him.Awhose Bwhich C/DwhoD
12、【点拨】考查定语从句的用法。题意“1990年曼德拉获得自由后，他选择了和那些想要杀死他的人握手。”先行词为the people，而且关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导。5(新疆)What kind of movies do you like?I like movies _ can cheer me up.Awho Bwhat Chow DthatD【点拨】结构分析法。语境“I like movies _ can cheer me up.”是一个主从复合句，从句为定语从句。先行词为movies，是物，关系代词应为that或which，故选D。6(中考杭州)Being blind is somet
13、hing _ most people cant imagine.Awho Bwhat Cthat DwhomC【点拨】考查定语从句。可用分析句子结构法。something为先行词，且关系词在定语从句中充当宾语，故选C。7(黄石)Confucius was a famous philosopher(哲学家)_has influenced the world greatly.Awhose Bwhom Cwhich DwhoD【点拨】结构分析法。定语从句先行词为philosopher,指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who/that，故选D。8.The boy_mother is a worker wa
14、s hurt in the accident.Awho Bwhom Cwhose Dwhich【点拨】此题易错选A或B。关系词在从句中作定语，应用whose。故选C。C9(咸宁)In China，those _ were born in the Year of Sheep are said to be creative and sensitive.Awhich Bwhat Cwhom Dwho10That is one of the most interesting books _ are sold in the bookstore.Athat Bwhich Cwho DwhereDA【点拨】
15、此题易错选B。若先行词前有最高级修饰时，关系词用that。故选A。二、把下列句子合并成一句话11The girl is in a red hat.The girl looks beautiful._ _.12I saw a film last night.The film was interesting._ _.13The boy studies hard.The boys mother is a teacher._.The girl who is in a red hat looks beautifulThe girlwho looks beautiful is in a red hatTh
16、e film which/that I saw last night was interesting/I saw a film that/which was interesting last nightThe boy whose mother is a teacher studies hard 14Malala is 17 years old.Malala won the Nobel Prize in 2014._.15The book is about Ma Yun.The book is borrowed from the library._ _ _ _.Malala who is 17
17、years old won the Nobel Prize in 2014/Malala who won the Nobel Prize in 2014 is 17 years oldfrom the libraryThe book that/which is borrowed from the library is about Ma YunThe book that/which is about Ma Yun is borrowed返回单元要点大本营用括号中所给的汉语提示完成短文Jenny and I did a special _1(实验)Jenny_2a jar_2(用装满)water
18、and then put a cardboard on the top of the jar.Jenny put her hand on the cardboard and _3 the jar _3(把倒过来)quickly.I thought the water would go out of the jar.But _4(使我惊讶的是)，when Jenny _5(拿开)her hand，the cardboard held theturned with filled to my surpriseupside downtook off experiment water in.Jenny
19、_6(解释)that the _7(力量)of the air was _8(足够强大)to hold the water.From the experiment I know science is very _9(了不起的)Scientific _10(发现)are amazing，too.I must work hard at science.I want to be a scientist when I grow up.explainedforce strong enoughfantasticdiscoveries返回单元一法练写作三步三要素法写书信步骤一：信件类文章的开头要顶格写称呼。
20、一般用Dear xx(注意：姓名后常用逗号，而不用冒号)。步骤二：正文是文章的主体部分。通常在称呼的下一行写出。正文可采用齐头式或缩进式。步骤三：文章结尾是写信人的姓名。可用Yours，Yours sincerely等，在这些词的正下方署名。三要素：收信人；书信内容以及写信人。单元一法练写作发表意见者对使用电子词典的不同意见同学有用，方便，节省查阅时间家长便于携带，多数家庭买得起英语教师对单词的解释太简单，不该使用本人会使我们变懒惰，不该使用随着科技的发展，越来越多的电子产品出现在市场上。假如你叫李平，就使用电子词典的问题做了调查(见表格)。现在，请你根据表格中的信息用英语给某报社编辑写一封信
21、。词数在80词左右。注意：1.信件须包括写信缘由及表格所列内容；2书信格式正确；3书写整洁。提示：editor编辑；survey调查；electronic电子的；explanation解释Dear Editor，Recently I made a survey about the use of the electronic dictionary.My classmates think that the electronic dictionary is useful and convenient.It can help them to save time when they look up th
22、e words.My parents think the electronic dictionary is easy to carry and that most families can afford it.But my English teacher doesnt think we should use it，because he thinks its explanations for the words are too simple.I think the electronic dictionary will make us lazy and that we shouldnt use it.Yours，Li Ping范文:本文包含了“书信”类作文的三个基本要素：收信人(开头)、书信的内容(正文部分)以及写信人(落款)。本文的添彩点:make a survey做调查save time节省时间look up查阅(词典、书籍等)make sb.adj.使某人这些短语的使用使文章更具体、生动，表达更清晰、完整。名师点评：返回
