1、阅读P2021教材中的材料，选出最佳选项。1What is the structure of this passage?AtotaldivideBtotaldividetotalCdividetotalDdividetotaldivide2Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?AIt was through a documentary that outsiders knew the restoration masters.BIn the Palace Museum，there have been m
2、any watchmakers working on timepieces.COne of the ways for foreign envoys to please Qing emperors was to present them with rare treasures.DAll the timepieces repaired by Mr Wang were sent by foreigners.3Why does the author say “it seems unlikely that the restoration of the clocks will ever be comple
3、te” in Paragraph 5?ABecause in the workshop there are other jobs waiting to be done.BBecause there are so few professional maintenance persons.CBecause it takes a long time to fix a clock.DBecause many repaired clocks probably need to be repaired again.答案13BADWords and Phrasestrial n试验，试用(教材P17).Rut
4、h managed to grow them by much trial and error.鲁丝经过反复试验，终于把它们培育出来了。例New cars have several severe trials before they are put on the market.汽车在投放市场前要经过多次严格试验。知识拓展by/through trial and error 通过反复试验on trial 在试用中；在受审bring sb.to trial 将某人送交法院审讯come to trial 开庭审理即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The product they offered is on
5、 trial in our workshop.It is known to all that many drugs were found by/through trial and error.The judge did not say when they might be brought to trial法官没有说明他们将于何时接受庭审。back down退让；认输(教材P19)Spending years apart from his family and enduring the extreme conditions of the Gobi desert，he refused to bac
6、k down from his responsibilities and kept on conducting scientific research.他与家人分别多年，忍受着戈壁沙漠的极端条件，拒绝放弃自己的责任，继续进行科学研究。例The school was closed，and did not reopen until Tom backed down.学校被迫关闭，直到汤姆让步才重开。知识拓展back up支持；倒退back out 退出back and forth 来回地；反复地turn ones back on 背弃；抛弃at the back of 在后面/后部即学即练单句语法填
7、空/完成句子The police officers are backed up by extra teams of people at the weekend.She turned her back on them when her roommates needed her.They sat at the back of the room，pretending to be talking in whispers.In that faraway town，two small boats ferry people back and forth在那个遥远的小镇上，两只小船往返为人们摆渡。restor
8、ation n(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修(教材P20)Among these is the clock restoration master，Wang Jin.这其中便包括钟表修复大师王津。例 The restoration took almost 4，000 manhours over four years.修复工作历时4年，耗费近4 000个工时。知识拓展restore v恢复；修复restore.to. 使恢复到；把归还给restore to 恢复到；归还即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子We will restore her to health but it may take tim
9、e.They have undertaken a careful restoration (restore)of the building.In this case，we just restore to the existing database在本例中，我们要恢复到现有数据库。 preserve v维护，保护；保存(教材P21)This new generation of artisans will not only help preserve traditional skills；the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure
10、 that the art of clock repairing stands the test of time.新一代的工匠们不仅能够协助保留传统技艺，他们给技艺带来的创新也将确保钟表修复艺术能够经得起时间的考验。例 It is the duty of the police to preserve public order.维护公共秩序是警察的职责。知识拓展(1)preserve.from.保护免受(2)preservation nU 保存；保护即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Although it has been buried underground for over 1，000 year
11、s，the ancient queens body remains well preserved (preserve)The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation(preserve)Social activities usually preserve old people from the loneliness of old age.社交活动通常防止老年人晚年孤独。ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的(教材P23)Each generation conscientiously learnt their craft and
12、 undertook ambitious projects，many of which took years to complete.每一代人都认真地学习他们的手艺，并开展了宏大的项目，其中许多项目需要数年才能完成。例It is acknowledged that the result of our ambitious project will amaze the world.大家公认我们这个雄心勃勃的项目定能创造出令世人惊叹的成果。知识拓展(1)be ambitious for渴望得到(2)ambition n. 雄心，野心ambition to do/of doing sth.做某事的雄心
13、即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子It was too ambitious (ambition) a task for just one person.This single mother was ambitious for her son and made up her mind to make him a big fish out of a common boy.What bothered her was that she never achieved her ambition of becoming/to become a famous writer让她苦恼的是她一直未能实现成为著名作家的夙
14、愿。associate v与有关(教材P23)Yet they did not seek fame，and even today，their great works are associated more with the imperial court than with them.然而，他们并不追求名声，即使在今天，他们的伟大作品更多地与朝廷联系在一起，而不是与他们联系在一起。例You wouldnt normally associate these two noveliststheir styles are completely different.通常你不会把这两位小说家相提并论他们两人
15、的风格完全不同。知识拓展(1) associate.with.把和联系在一起associate with 与交往be associated with 与有联系，与联系在一起(2)association n. 联合；关联；联想；协会in association with 与联合，联手即学即练单句语法填空/句式升级I dont like you associating with such sensitive people.Man is a social animal.He finds his satisfaction in association with others.He was associ
16、ated with the case of the lost antiques，so he was arrested.Associated with the case of the lost antiques，he was arrested.(用非谓语动词改写)comprise v包括，由构成(教材P23)The main body comprises paragraphs with supporting evidence and facts.正文部分包括有支持证据和事实的段落。例Twelve departments comprise this university.12个系组成了这所大学。知
17、识拓展be comprised of包括；包含；由组成(或构成)consist of 由组成be made up of 由组成，构成即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译A week consists of seven days.救援队由8名士兵和2名医生组成。The rescue team is comprised of eight soldiers and two doctors.The rescue team consists of eight soldiers and two doctors.The rescue team is made up of eight soldiers and tw
18、o doctors.名师点津consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of或be comprised of，且不用于进行时。Sentence Patternwith复合结构(教材P21)With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height，each of these requires its own unique method of restoration.从小怀表到一米多高的钟表，每一件都需要独特的修复方法。句式分析：句中With objects ranging
19、from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height为介词with的复合结构，在句中作状语。例He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动，只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。知识拓展with复合结构由“with宾语宾语补足语”组成，常在句中作状语，表示谓语动作发
20、生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等，也可作定语。其构成有下列几种情形：with名词(或代词)即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子With a guide to show (show) us around the scenic spots，were sure to have a good time.With more and more forests damaged (damage)，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out. With John away (约翰离开了)，weve got more room.We live i
21、n a house with many flowers around it (周围有很多花)间接信息题例文The main reason for this is the drivers，who are called“cabbies”Many of them are true Cockneys.This means they were born in the heart of London and speak their own special dialect(方言)of English.All of them know every street and famous building in t
22、he city，and all of them love to talk.A simple twentyminute journey across town can become very interesting.You may have a discussion about the government and its leaders or a friendly talk about the drivers Aunty Nellie！One thing is for sure，it will never be boring.Cabbies know all the latest news a
23、bout film stars，the Royal Family，government leaders，and popular singers or actors and actresses.间接信息题一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，因为其答案选项的表述通常不是使用文章的原话，而是使用与文中同义或近义的词语来表达。考生需对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进一步推理鉴别；也可运用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项提前排除。本题即可采用排除法解题。因为例文中没有提到关于drivers的interest，manners和appearance这些细节，故可排除A、B、D项，将C项锁定为答案。
24、From what can we tell that someone is a Cockney？A.Their interest.B.Their manners.C.Their speech.D.Their appearance.答案C即学即练 Other cultures can be different from ours in many aspects! They can eat different foods and live in different types of houses.People probably speak different languages and have
25、beliefs and customs very different from yours.However，they can also be similar in ways of connecting with each other.We sometimes call these means of communication universal languages.Some legends hold that，thousands of years ago，there was a single language spoken by everyone on Earth.It is fun to t
26、hink about a time when everyone may have been able to communicate in the same language though historical evidence does not support this，of course.Today，there are thousands of languages spoken around the world.Yet，there are some means of communication that go beyond words and allow people of wildly d
27、ifferent backgrounds to communicate and share emotions and feelings.For example，some people believe music is a universal language.There may be some scientific support for this idea，too.Experts have learned that，across cultures，people can recognize three common emotions in music: happiness，sadness an
28、d fear.So what other types of universal languages might there be? Some people believe dance is a universal language.Along with music，dancing seems to be a common interest shared by peoples all over the world.Do you think you could see a dance from another culture and make some reasonable guesses abo
29、ut the ideas and emotions behind it? We bet you could!Another universal language that you might not have thought of is math! If you think about it now，though，it just makes sense.The value of is roughly 3.14159 no matter where you are on Earth，likewise，figuring out the value of something involves the
30、 same mathematical calculations，regardless of whether youre counting in dollars，pesos or coconuts.1Why is music regarded as a universal language?AIt can be enjoyed by people from all walks of life.BIt can be understood more easily than languages.CIt usually comes from different backgrounds.DIt helps
31、 people to share common feelings.D根据第三段中的“Experts have learned that，across cultures，people can recognize three common emotions in music: happiness，sadness and fear.(专家们了解到，在不同的文化中，人们可以识别音乐中的三种常见情感：快乐、悲伤和恐惧)”可知，音乐被认为是一种通用的语言，因为它帮助人们分享共同的感情。故D选项正确。2What are the universal languages according to the pas
32、sage?AMath，English and music.BMusic，dance and math.CHistory，culture and music.DEmotion，song and music.B根据第三段中的“For example，some people believe music is a universal language.”及第四段中的“Some people believe dance is a universal language.”和第五段中的“Another universal language that you might not have thought of is math！”可知，音乐、舞蹈和数学被认为是通用语言。故B选项正确。
