1、Unit 6At one with natureStep 1 诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章(2018全国卷)Diets have changed in Chinaand so too has its top crop.Since 2011,the country has grown more corn than rice.Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is actua
2、lly behind the change:An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens,pigs,and cattle.Another reason for corns rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve water quality.Corn uses less water than rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)runoff.This switch has decr
3、eased pollution in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank,China accounts for about 30 percent of total global fertilizer consumption.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government started a soil-tes
4、ting program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide.Chinas approach to protecting its environment while feeding its citizens“offers useful lessons for agricult
5、ure and food policymakers worldwide,”says the banks Juergen Voegele.按要求完成任务1.写出和本单元话题有关的单词和短语。_ 2.你认为种植玉米可以带来什么好处?_ crop,production,increase,feed,water quality,create,runoff,pollution,decrease,make.safer,account for,fertilizer,consumption,agriculture,soil-testing,preventImprove water quality;use les
6、s water;create less fertilizer runoff;reducepollution in lakes and reservoirs;make drinking water safer.Step 2 固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.design v.设计;计划 n.设计;图案;打算【教材原句】The terraces are cleverly designed,with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.(P63)梯田设计巧妙,其间有数百条相互连接的水渠。【词块必记】(1)be designed for
7、/to do(为某种目的)计划;设计(2)by design(=on purpose)故意地(3)designer n.设计师巧学助记【语境速测】单句语法填空_(design)for English beginners,the dictionary was sold out on the day when it came out.Do you think the building was burned down by accident or _ design?Many _(design)came to the conference to discuss how to deal with the
8、 problems met during the construction of the building.Designedbydesigners句式升级The skirt is designed for her wedding and it is very beautiful.(非谓语动词作定语)The skirt _is very beautiful.designed for her wedding2.prevent v.阻挡,防止【教材原句】The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being wash
9、ed away.(P63)平坦的梯田能够储存雨水,防止土壤被冲走。【词块必记】(1)prevent sb.(from)doing sth.阻止某人做某事(2)prevention n.预防,防止【知识拓展】“阻止某人做某事”短语stop sb.(from)doing sth.;keep sb.from doing sth.注意:keep短语中的from不可以省略。【语境速测】单句语法填空A lecture about the _(prevent)of fires will be given next week.Nothing will prevent me _(change)my mind.H
10、e is prevented by law _ holding a licence.preventionchangingfrom【写作金句】Something must be done to prevent the river from being polluted.必须采取措施阻止这条河流被污染。3.limited adj.有限的【教材原句】But in cities,limited space has led to people looking for new solutions.(P70)但是在城市中,有限的空间使人们寻找新的解决方法。【词块必记】【语境速测】单句语法填空 He was
11、born in a poor family,and received _(limit)education in his childhood.Set a limit _ the money given to him,or he will waste money on useless things.I dont mind a practical joke _ limits.limitedtowithin文化金句A mans life is limited,but there is no limit to serving the people.I will devote my limited lif
12、e to the limitless job of serving the people.一个人的生命是有限的,可是为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命投入到无限的为人民服务中去。.核心短语4.provide.for 给提供【典型例句】What the people want is a government which will provide a comfortable life for them.人们想要的是一个给他们提供舒适的生活的政府。【词块必记】provide sth.for sb.=provide sb.with sth.向某人提供某物provide for 供养【知识拓展】表示“
13、向某人提供某物”的短语还有:offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb.supply sb.with sth.=supply sth.to sb.【语境速测】单句语法填空We are provided _ free water in the intervals.Father had to work hard to provide _ his family.一句多译慈善机构向无家可归的人提供大量的食物和衣物。The charity _the homeless.=The charity _large amounts of food and clothing.=The charity
14、 _to the homeless.withforprovides large amounts of food and clothing forprovides/supplies the homeless withoffers/supplies large amounts of food and clothing.经典句式5.These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people,to whom Guangxiis home.这些梯田的建造者是广西当地的壮族和瑶族居民。【典型例句】He met the expert with w
15、hom he worked in the factory.他遇到了那位曾和他一起在工厂里工作过的专家。【句型公式】介词的选择(1)根据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配(2)根据先行词的习惯搭配(3)根据所表达的意思【语境速测】单句语法填空I bought many books,_ which I spent all the money I saved.They had a small pond in their garden _ which they raised fish.He didnt explain the reason _ which he was late for the meeting.
16、oninfor6.Among the many beautiful treasures people can receive from nature are natural dyes.天然染料就在自然界赋予人类的许多美丽的财富之中。【典型例句】At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River lies Chongqing.重庆位于长江和嘉陵江交汇处。【句型公式】全部倒装(1)介词短语位于句首(2)表示地点、方位或时间的副词位于句首注意:如果主语是人称代词,则不用倒装。【语境速测】单句语法填空Look!Here _(c
17、ome)the bus!Hurry up!On the right of me _(sit)a girl waiting for you.句式升级An ancient temple with a history of hundreds of years stands on the top of the hill.(改成倒装句)_with a history of hundreds of essitsOn the top of the hill stands an ancient temple【备选要点】1.expert adj.内行的,专家的【典型例句】To her expert eye,th
18、e painting was terrible.她以内行的眼光看,这幅画糟透了。【词块必记】(1)be expert in/at.擅长(2)expert n.专家,能手【语境速测】单句语法填空 She is expert _handling naughty children._ expert on the problem will attend the meeting and give a speech.完成句子According to _(专家意见),she had better stay in bed for three months.in/atAnexpert opinions2.Sum
19、mer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.盛夏,佳禾吐绿,将群山染成一片翠绿。【典型例句】I saw him heading toward the door without a coat on.我看到他没穿外套朝门口走去。【句型公式】【知识拓展】有类似用法的词(短语)还有feel,hear,observe,notice,watch,listen to等。【语境速测】单句语法填空Just now I saw him _(cross)the street in a hurry.He was seen _(leave)the
20、 town last night,driving his own car.Suddenly,I heard someone _(sing)loudly in the next room.When I turned around,I saw myself _(follow)by a little boy.crossto leavesingingfollowed【写作金句】I saw the old woman helping a boy wear his coat.我看见那个老妇人在帮助一个男孩穿外套。Step 3 强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020新高考全国卷)But in ha
21、lf the cases she wore a specially _(design)fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.2.(2020江苏高考)The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health _(benefit)from exercise,it may be wise to skip eating first.3.(2020天津高考)It prevents people who are cut off from society _(fall
22、)victim to cheaters.designedbenefitsfalling4.(2019全国卷)Nervousness and fear _(replace)with joy.5.(2019天津高考)And Ive found that the possibilities that lie within books are _(limit).were replacedlimitless.完成句子1.When he was walking in the street,he _(感觉有人在注视着他)from the opposite building.2._(门上挂着一个大牌子),sa
23、ying“No disturbing”.3.I sent a present to the young man,_(我昨天向他求助了)yesterday.4.Planting trees in the southern side can _(阻止沙漠继续延伸)south.felt someone eyeing himOn the door hung a big signto whom I turned for helpprevent the desert from spreading5.Mrs Green is so warm-hearted that she often _(不嫌麻烦地帮助别
24、人).goes to the trouble to help others语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)(2020新高考全国卷改编)Molai grew up in a tiny village in India.The village lay near some wetlands which became his second home.He learned the value and beauty of nature there from a very young age.At 16,Molai noticed something 1._(disturb)happening aroun
25、d his home.A flood had hit the area 2._(early)that year and the damage it caused had driven away many birds.Besides,the number of snakes had declined as well.He realized that it was 3._ there werent enough trees to protect them from the heat.The 4._(solve),of course,was to plant trees so the animals
26、 could seek shelter during the daytime.5._(fortunate),he turned 6._ the forest department for help but in vain.However,Molai went looking on his own and discovered a nearby island 7._ he began to plant trees.disturbingearlierbecausesolutionUnfortunatelytowhere8._(water)young plants in the dry season
27、 was tough for a lone boy.Molai built at the top of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform,where he placed earthen pots with small holes 9._(collect)rainwater.The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.Molai continued to plant trees for the next 37 years.His efforts 10._ _(result)in 1,360 acres of
28、naturally-grown land that has become home tomany plants and animals.Wateringto collecthaveresultedStep 4 直击高考培养思维品质.话题与阅读理解(2018天津高考阅读理解A)Fire Prevention Information The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals.They inspect all campus buildings and test and m
29、aintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems,fire alarms,and fire extinguishers(灭火器).They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls.Whenever you move to a new area,you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.Fire AlarmsThe floors of all ca
30、mpus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的)fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes.Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors,smoke detectors and sprinklers.For your safety,never tamper with(胡乱摆弄)these systems.False fire alarms
31、are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester.During a fire drill,please do the following:Take your room key and ID,close and lock the door to your room.Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit,do not use a lift.Meet
32、outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire Extinguishers Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment.Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so.Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other re
33、sidents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorsA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room.Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings.Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:If yo
34、ur smoke detector is working properly,the red light should be on.If the red light is not blinking(闪动),contact residence hall staff immediately.Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke,inform your hall staff.【文章大意】本文属于应用文
35、。文章通过介绍防火信息、火警、消防演习、灭火器的使用、火灾探测器几个方面告诉大学生注意校园生活中防火、灭火、逃生等方面的知识。1.What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?A.To provide part-time jobs for students.B.To lead the students to the nearest exits.C.To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D.To train teachers to be fire prevention
36、 professionals.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第一段第二句“They inspect all campusbuildings and test and maintain all sprinkler systems,fire alarms,and fire extinguishers.”可知,专业防火人员的职责是检查校园建筑并负责测试和维护灭火设备。2.What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?A.Pipes and smoke detectors.B.Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C.Fire
37、alarm pull stations and pipes.D.Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第二段第二句中的“automatic fire alarmsystems consisting of heat detectors,smoke detectors and sprinklers”可知,自动火警报警系统由热探测器、烟雾探测器和喷水灭火装置组成。3.In a fire drill,the students should_.A.rush quickly to a liftB.gather at the neares
38、t exitC.shut the door and leave at onceD.wait for instructions in the hall【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第三段中的“Take your room key and ID,close and lock the door to your room.”可知答案。4.What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?A.Using them wrongly results in punishment.B.Irresponsible use of them can damage t
39、hem.C.Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.D.Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第四段最后一句“Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.”可知,滥用灭火器会招致罚款。5.To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector,one should_.A.contact the hall staff regularlyB.cover
40、the things that burn easilyC.start the smoke detector in a fireD.make certain the red light is working【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第五段中三点提示中的第一点可知,当烟雾探测器不能正常工作的时候,红灯是不闪动的,你应该通知宿舍工作人员以保障系统的正常运行。微技能点拨 关注语义转换 巧解细节理解题命题特点:选项中往往使用与原文近义、反义或同范畴的词语表达,利用同义变换、句式转换、概念解析、归纳事实、正话反说等方式体现。答题关键:正确理解文章中的短语或句子,在选项中找到与之意义相等、相似或相反的词语
41、或句子。以第4题为例,解题策略如下:Step 1 根据题干定位信息点:Fire ExtinguishersStep 2 确定选项中关键词与文中关键词的关联:A选项中的results in punishment 与文中的results in finesStep 3尝试解答:_。A语用提能话题词汇fire prevention;fire alarms;fire extinguishers;fire safety;exits;fire alarm pull stations;heat detectors;fire drills 短语句式be equipped with配有,装有;only if 只要
42、就,只是在的时候;result in 导致;set off 发出熟词新义locate vi.定位;vt.查找的地点(新)fine adj.好的;n.&v.罚款(新)【微语法填空】A full-time staff of fire prevention 1._(professional)are employed by the University of Adelaide.They inspect all campus buildings and test all the fire units 2._(make)sure they are in good condition.They also t
43、each the students how to maintain and use the fire units 3._ case a fire happens.There are two kinds of fire alarm systems:manual and automatic.For the 4._(safe)of everyone,these systems shouldnt 5._(touch)casually.False fire alarms are 6._(legal)and may lead to imprisonment.Fire drills must be trea
44、ted 7._(serious)and all students must know how to escape a fire safely and quickly.Another common device is fire extinguishers,8._ are located on each floor and in each apartment.They must be used correctly 9._ else will result in damage to others.Smoke detectors and heat detectors,10._(fix)on the c
45、eilings,are also familiar to us.Students must watch out for the red light on each of them and inform the hall staff if the red light is out.1.【解析】professionals。考查名词复数。根据前面的staff可知,这些专业防火人员不止一个。professional用作名词时表示“专业人士”,且为可数名词,故用复数。2.【解析】to make。考查不定式。表示动作inspect发生的目的,故用动词不定式。3.【解析】in。考查介词。“in case+从
46、句”(万一,在情况下)为固定搭配。4.【解析】safety。考查词性转换。根据空格前的the可知,此处要名词形式。5.【解析】be touched。考查被动语态。主语systems与touch之间为被动关系,且空前有情态动词,故填 be touched。6.【解析】illegal。考查形容词。根据逻辑关系以及后面的imprisonment可知,误报火警是“违法的”。7.【解析】seriously。考查词性转换。根据句子结构,此处应为副词作状语,修饰treat。8.【解析】which。考查定语从句。根据句子结构,此处为非限制性定语从句。9.【解析】or。考查连词。or else(否则)为固定搭配
47、。10.【解析】fixed。考查过去分词。根据句子结构,此处为过去分词短语作后置定语。.话题与写作(2018浙江11月高考)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Its a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same.Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college camp
48、us(校园)like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms,classrooms and athletic equipment and,of course,the students.It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses,and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride a
49、way.But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life,and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.Theres no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area.In fact,a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus,
50、and obviously,if you live across the country that wont be as much of a possibility,but if you live nearby,go check it out!If campus visits arent going to happen before you apply,at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools youd
51、 like to attend.It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you dont like about certain campuses,things that you wouldnt know unless you actually visit.Now,if time and money are making it impossible,then check out the online college fairs at College Week Live.Its a chance
52、to chat online with admissions officers,students,and college counselors(顾问),and it wont cost you a penny!You can register for its online college fair at .While visiting an online college fair cant take the place of an actual campus visit,it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other re
53、search will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities youd like to attend._Step 1 写作技巧1.通读全文,确定体裁,明确主题体裁:议论文主题:探访心仪大学2.定位主题句和关键词,变换表达方式Its a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply.(词性转换)Its really worthwhile to _your desired colleges personally before apply
54、ing.Theres no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area.(正话反说)Undoubtedly,you _.pay a visit toshould visit your local collegesIf campus visits arent going to happen before you apply,at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the
55、 schools youd like to attend.(同义转换)_,you should visit the school you want to attend _.Now,if time and money are making it impossible,then check out the online college fairs at College Week Live.(句式转换,动名词作主语)If you are short of money and time,_is a good alternative to help you better understand schoo
56、ls.At leastvisiting the online college fairsin advanceStep 2 妙笔成篇Its really worthwhile to pay a visit to your desired colleges personally before applying.Undoubtedly,you should visit your local colleges,which may be included in applications.At least,you should visit the school you want to attend and know its real conditions in advance.If you are short of money and time,visiting the online college fairs is a good alternative to help you better understand schools.
