1、课时分层作业(九).阅读理解AIt seems we cant get off the planet fast enough.Two thirds of NASAs money is spent on manned space exploration，and that number will grow with the USAs decision to send a man to Mars in 2037.Weve seen all there is to see on Earth，right？Wrong.The final place is here，under the surface of
2、 the sea.Heading down into the ocean，human limits are quickly reached.At 200 metres，the water is as black as a moonless night.Most nuclear submarines (核潜艇) would implode (内爆) before they reach 1 km down.At 3 kmstill less than the average depth of the oceantheres a good chance that youll discover a n
3、ew species.The deepestdiving whales go no further.At the very bottom，about 11 km down，lies the Challenger Deep，the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean.Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon，but only three have seen the Deep with their own eyes.Yet things live down there.Big thin
4、gs.A very loud sound was once heard and scientists suggested that it was produced by an animal bigger than a blue whale，the largest creature known on the planet.In the late 1990s，a deepwater submarine was dropped in the Southern Ocean，and passing 4，000 metres，it discovered something huge passing und
5、er it.Surprised？Dont be.The ocean covers 70% of the planets surface and weve studied less than 5% of it.We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea.One reason that we explore space is to find evidence of other life forms.The search for life outside of Earth is impor
6、tant，but robots can look under the dry rocks of Mars better than humans.Theyre absolutely important for doing ocean research too，but they cant look under the sea.The cost of exploration is rising，but the results would benefit all our lives.Understanding the oceans will help us find new sources of fo
7、od，drugs and energy.Perhaps now its time to begin a new period of sea exploration.Manned exploration of space is science fiction.The adventure of the deep sea is science fact.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章通过对the Mariana Trench和Southern Ocean海底勘探的描述，指出人类对深海的探索或许比对太空的探索更具现实意义。1What do the examples in Paragraph 2 su
8、ggest?ASea exploration is no easy task.BNuclear submarines need to be improved.CThe ocean is far deeper than people expected.DThe condition under the sea is similar to that on the Moon.A细节理解题。由第二段中的“Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon，but only three have seen the Deep with their own eyes.”可知，比起探
9、索太空，人类对于深海的探索更艰难。故选A项。2What do we know about the Challenger Deep?ABlue whales live there.BNo one has ever been there.CPeople are terrified by the sight of it.DIt is the deepest known location on Earth.D细节理解题。由第二段“At the very bottom，about 11 km down，lies the Challenger Deep，the deepest part of the Ma
10、riana Trench in the Pacific Ocean.”可知，the Challenger Deep位于海底大概11千米的位置，是the Mariana Trench最深的部分。与 D项相符，故选D项。3What does the author think of the discovery in the Southern Ocean?AIts surprising.BIts no wonder.CIts worrying.DIts no success.B细节理解题。由第四段“it discovered something huge passing under it.Surpri
11、sed？.about the bottom of the sea.”可知，对于在Southern Ocean中的发现，作者并不感到惊讶，地球表面70%被海水覆盖，人类对于它的研究还不到5%。对月球阴暗面的了解都比海底多。故选B项。4What does the author want to tell us?ASpace exploration is of little value.BWe spend too much money on space travel.CHumans success lies in how much they explore the sea.DThe ocean is
12、the place where we should make our efforts.D主旨大意题。由倒数第二段最后两句话可知探索海底，虽然费用高一些，但可以帮人类找到更多食物、药品和能量来源，对人类的实际意义更大。故选D项。B“Shine in the dark” dolphins may seem like something straight out of a science fiction movie.However，that is precisely what Newport Coastal Adventures Captain Ryan Lawler and professiona
13、l videographer Patrick Coyne witnessed，when they set out to explore the spectacular blue tides that have been lighting up the waters off Southern Californias coast since midApril.The partner scanned the ocean for hours and was returning to shore when they spotted the “electric” dolphins swimming thr
14、ough the bloom of shining plankton(浮游生物)The videographer，who had seen the phenomenon only once before in a Netflix show，says catching the scenes proved to be a lot harder than he had expected.“For starters，the shining plankton has sweet spots to where it shows up and then fades away，so while on the
15、water，its impossible to just find it，” Coyne says.“Also，conditions have to be absolutely perfect for the shining plankton to show and for animals to swim through it so we can film it.” Though witnessing shining sea life is rare，the electrifying blue ocean scenery is a fairly common sight around Sout
16、hern California between February and September.The phenomenon can be attributed to the presence of millions of plankton，which tend to gather and reproduce in large quantities in the warm coastal waters during this time.Though a majority of Californias red tides are caused by plankton species that do
17、 not produce deadly poison，some algal blooms(藻花) can be dangerous for sea animals，especially when they stay for long periods of time.In 2018，an almost yearlong “red tide” along Floridas Gulf coast caused by the excessive growth of microalgae Karenia Brevis，killed hundreds of fish and other sea anima
18、ls.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发光的浮游生物，并且说明了浮游生物过度生长会导致海洋生物的死亡。5What does the underlined phrase “sweet spots” in Paragraph 2 mean?AA sea plant.BA lost world.CA perfect moment.DA missing camera.C词义猜测题。由第二段中的“For starters，the shining plankton.its impossible to just find it”可知，发光的浮游生物在它们出现和消失的地方都有自己的闪光点，“sweet
19、spots”指的是浮游生物出现和消失的地方，是一个完美的时刻。故选C项。6What is the main reason for the sea life shining?AThey absorb the light in the ocean and then reflect it.BThey are surrounded by millions of shining plankton.CThey swim through the ocean with electricity in large quantities.DThey benefit from the warm water to po
20、wer themselves.B细节理解题。由第三段中的“Though witnessing shining sea life is rare.during this time.”可知，海洋生物发光的主要原因是它们被数百万闪亮的浮游生物包围着。故选B项。7What caused the death of some sea animals according to the text?ARed tides.BHuman exploration.CWarm water.DAlgal blooms.D细节理解题。由第四段中的“Though a majority of Californias red t
21、ides.killed hundreds of fish and other sea animals.”可知，造成海洋生物死亡的原因是藻类的繁殖。故选D项。8In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?AScience.BHealth.CEntertainment.DEducation.A推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章介绍了发光的浮游生物，以及说明了浮游生物过度生长会导致海洋生物的死亡。可以推断，这篇说明文可能出现在报纸的科学版面。故选A项。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。We often see
22、bullies(恃强凌弱者) on television shows.They like to give people a hard time for no reason at all.They call people names，take their things and make them feel scared over and over again.Bullying can also happen in real life，especially at school.What causes the bullying？There are many reasons that can caus
23、e a child to become a bully.If a child is bullied by his or her parent，that child is likely to imitate this behavior at school，according to The Huffington Post.In addition，a child who has been given too much power at home is also likely to become a bully.The child may believe he or she has the right
24、 to bully others at school because he or she is treated like an emperor at home.Some children are also said to become bullies because they have been influenced by violent films and games.They are too young to tell between right and wrong.School bullying can have a great influence on someones life.Xi
25、 Leng (not her real name) was bullied during her early days at school.Even though she turned 20 this year，she is still affected badly by her experiences during her terrible time at primary school.“I really struggled every day back then，and even thought about killing myself，” Xi wrote on Zhihu，a ques
26、tionandanswer website，remembering how her books were covered with graffiti(涂鸦)，and her name was deliberately changed on her homework before it reached the teachers.In order to solve the problem of school bullying，guidelines were released on Nov.11 by nine government departments，including the Ministr
27、y of Education and the Supreme Peoples Court(最高人民法院)For example，schools have been told to make students more aware of bullying，to inform students about its consequences and to teach them to protect themselves.In addition，students who have serious problems with their behavior may now be sent to speci
28、al schools. 【参考范文】Bullying happens not only on TV shows but also in real life，at school in particular.A child may become a bully for different reasons，like being bullied by parents，having too much power at home，or watching too much violent films.School bullying has a longlasting and harmful impact on the victims life.Therefore，the Chinese government has released guidelines to solve the problem of school bullying.
