1、Unit 1Nature in the balance Extended reading&Project词汇知识自主学习.根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词1.a local _ 当地居民2._manager of a local factory 当地工厂的高级经理3.become _different变得完全不同4._against heavy industry 抗议重工业5.make huge _赚取暴利6.in _of their country为保卫祖国7.the _benefits 经济利益8.the governments economic _政府的经济策略residentsenio
2、rentirelyprotestprofitsdefenceeconomicstrategy9._ paper再生纸10.face the _ 承担后果recycledconsequence.根据提示用恰当的短语填空1.If we dont try to _(去除)wasting coal,well get through the coal quickly.2.Rivalries could bring about pain and hatred or _(导致)fighting.3.Many citizens took to the streets to _(抗议)George Floyds
3、 being killed.4.The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died _(保护)their country.get rid ofgive rise toprotest againstin defence of5.Liu uses his lens to _(吸引人们对的关注)climate change and environmental protection.6.How shall we _(处理)this problem put forward at the meeting?7.The project team believe
4、s such computers would _(起主要作用)teaching and learning.draw peoples attention todeal withplay a major role in.根据语境及汉语提示完成句子1._flying is more expensive than land and sea travel,I went there by air to save time.即使坐飞机比坐车和坐船都贵,但是为了节省时间,我还是坐飞机去了那里。2._,she believes she can work it out.有她丈夫的帮助,她相信能解决这个问题。3._
5、is very good for our environment.植树对我们的环境非常有好处。Even though/Even ifWith her husband to help herPlanting many trees4._,Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations.当飞船做第七圈时,杨利伟展示了中国和联合国的国旗。5._a big hall with comfortable sofa and color TV.一楼是个大客厅,有舒适的沙发和彩电。When the spaceship was doing it
6、s seventh circleOn the ground floor is阅读精析合作学习Task 1 框架宏观建构:整体理解1.Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.Main characterMain ideaJames Smith_have polluted the city and should be closed Vincent BrownHeavy industry factories try to _ the pollution they produce;they have also brought economic benefits
7、Heavy industry factoriescontrolMain characterMain ideaJulie ArcherOur committee has made _ _ for business to follow;fighting pollution has to be a community-wide effortHostThe fortunes of our environment and our economy are _ environmentalpoliciesinseparable2.Whats the main idea of this passage?The
8、passage is mainly about _.a TV show transcript about a polluted cityTask 2 文本微观剖析:细节探究1.Choose the best answer.(1)Who does James Smith think is responsible for the pollution of the city?A.The smog.B.Heavy industry factories.C.The dirty river.D.The local citizens.(2)What does Vincent Brown think are
9、the benefits of factories?A.They have brought the economic benefits to the city.B.They have caused more pollution to the city.C.They try to control the pollution they produce.D.They are making large profits.(3)Which of the following is not the work of the Norgate Environment Protection Committee?A.T
10、hey have made environmental policies for business to follow.B.They have to balance between environmental protection and economic development.C.They help to ensure that the development strategies are followed in an environmentally friendly way.D.They have to cut down many factories to protect the env
11、ironment.(4)What do the former UN officials words mean?A.We should put environmental protection first.B.We should leave a cleaner planet to our children.C.The fortunes of our environment and our economy are inseparable.D.It is citizens duty to protect the environment.答案:(1)(4)BADC2.Long sentence ana
12、lysis.(1)Joining us in the studio tonight(表语)are James Smith(主语),a local resident(同位语);Vincent Brown(主语),senior manager of a local factory(同位语);and Julie Archer(主语),head of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee(同位语).译文:_还有当地居民詹姆斯史密斯、当地一家工厂的高级经理文森特布朗和诺盖特环保委员会的负责人朱莉阿切尔。今晚和我们一起在演播室的(2)We also
13、work hand in hand with other branches of government to ensure(状语)that development strategies are followed in an environmentally friendly way.(宾语从句)译文:我们也同政府其他部门携手合作,_。以确保采取有利于环境的方式实施发展策略(3)However(状语),fighting pollution(主语)isnt just a task(表语)for factories and the government(状语).译文:然而,_不仅仅是工厂和政府的任务。
14、与污染作斗争Task 3阅读思维升华:主题实践1.What do you think of the impact of heavy industry on the environment?(Critical Thinking批判性思维)Many rivers are full of industrial waste water,large areas of land are rich in chemical toxins,and the atmosphere contains a lot of poisonous and harmful gases.Many people,animals an
15、d plants living in such a bad environment suffer from diseases.Many places lose their natural recovery ability due to serious pollution and damage,and become unusable areas.2.As a middle school student,what are you going to do to protect your local environment?(Creative Thinking创造性思维)_ _ _ Actively
16、participate in public welfare activities and strive to improve theenvironment.Do not step on the grass and trees on the side of the road.Dont throw cans,batteries to designated places,and try not to use plasticbags.要点精研探究学习1.get rid of摆脱;丢弃;扔掉*The smog in the air has coloured the sky a smoky grey;it
17、s also given me a cough that I cant get rid of.空气中的烟雾把天空染成了灰蒙蒙的烟灰,还使我无法摆脱地咳嗽。*(2020天津高考)Thanks to the Silence Machine,a British invention,you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents.多亏了英国发明的静音机,你可以在不打扰男孩或他的父母的情况下消除声音。*Further measures will be taken to rid our streets of cri
18、me.进一步的措施将被采取来防止街头犯罪。*He wanted to rid himself of the burden of the secret.他想把秘密说出来,让自己得到解脱。【词块积累】rid.of.使摆脱;使丢弃rid oneself of摆脱/去掉get/be rid of消除掉,丢掉【即学活用】(1)Its time we _the drawback of the electronic product.该是我们除去这一电子产品的缺点的时候了。(2)To _,I suggest you eat some sugars and fruit to remove your attent
19、ion.为了戒烟,我建议你吃一点糖和水果来转移你的注意力。(3)Now the air pollution is so serious that we have to make up our minds to _this harmful haze.现在空气污染如此严重,我们得下决心清除这害人的雾霾。got rid ofget rid of smokingget rid of2.protest vi.反对,抗议 vt.坚持声称;申辩n.反对,抗议*Mr Smith protested against heavy industry.史密斯先生抗议重工业。*Some consumers protes
20、ted about/against/at the bad service in the shop.=Some consumers made a protest against the bad service in the shop.一些消费者对商店服务质量差提出了抗议。*The protests became more violent and many people were panicked into leaving the country.抗议变得更加激烈,吓得许多人离开了那个国家。【词块积累】(1)protest about/against/at.=make a protest agai
21、nst.对提出抗议(2)without protest心甘情愿地under protest不情愿地,极不乐意地【即学活用】(1)语法填空。All local farmers _(protest)against building the airport on their farmland then.Many people gathered to protest _ killing animals for food.(2)The local citizens took to the streets _.市民们走上街头,抗议这项决定。(3)Ben accepted his punishment _.
22、本心甘情愿地接受了惩罚。protestedagainstto protest against the decisionwithout protest3.consequence n.结果;后果;重要性*(2019全国卷)Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed,Dr.Prinsteinsstudies show unpleasant consequences.尽管这些酷孩子看起来令人羡慕,普林斯坦博士的研究显示了不愉快的后果。*(2020全国卷)I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no mat
23、ter the consequences.我想知道父母是否应该一直不计后果地讲真话。*He narrowly lost his life as a consequence of/in consequence of careless driving.由于粗心驾驶,他险些丢了性命。*We have not enough money;consequently we cannot afford a new car.我们的钱不够,因此买不起新车。【词块积累】(1)as a consequence(of)=as a result(of)=in consequence(of)因此,结果(2)conseque
24、nt adj.必然的;当然的consequently adv.所以,因此【即学活用】(1)语法填空。As a consequence _your laziness and rudeness,I am forced to dismiss you.All these opinions make sense,and _(consequence)it is hard to choose the best of them.(2)I missed the bus this morning and _I was late for work.今天早上我错过了公共汽车,因此上班迟到了。ofconsequentl
25、yas a consequence4.Weve been taking various measures,including the use of new technologies,to reduce pollution in the production process,even though these measures raise our production costs.我们一直在采取各种措施,包括使用新技术,以减少生产过程中的污染,尽管这些措施提高了我们的生产成本。【句式解构】句中的even though意为“即使,尽管”,用来引导让步状语从句,even though可用even i
26、f替换。*(2019浙江高考)Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups,they make very different music.尽管所有的音乐团体都有一种共同的精神,但他们创作的音乐却大不相同。*But even if/though an event is organized carefully,things can go wrong.但即使赛事筹划得很细致,事情仍可能出错。*It sounds as if you have grown apart from Tom.听起来好像你和汤姆之间产生了隔阂。【易混辨析
27、】even if/though,as if/thougheven if/though表示“即使,尽管”,引导让步状语从句as if/though表示“似乎,好像”,引导表语从句或方式状语从句【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Even if it _(rain)tomorrow,we wont change our plan.(2)选词填空(even if/though;as if/though)。I will not go to her birthday party _I am invited.It seemed _the suit was made to his own measure.(3)My
28、 grandfather still plays tennis now and then,_.我祖父尽管90多岁了,仍时而打网球。rainseven if/thoughas if/thougheven though hes in hisnineties课时素养评价三 Unit 1Extended reading&Project【语用训练】.单词拼写1.We are therefore requiring all _(居民)to leave this area immediately.2.Now were in different _(高级的)high schools and all of us
29、 are busy with our studies.3.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be _(完全地)free from dust.4.The building work will go ahead,despite _(抗议)from local residents.residentsseniorentirelyprotests5.The company made a healthy _(利润)on the deal.6.Im afraid getting things changed will be
30、 a slow _(过程).7.The rubbish at the foot of the mountain should be removed timely and some of it should be_(回收)if possible.8.We are condemning life on Earth and should expect severe _(后果).profitprocess recycledconsequences.完成句子1.Would you do me a favour and _this letter Ive just received?请帮个忙把我刚刚收到的这
31、封信处理掉行吗?2.All the people,men and women,young and old,were fighting against the flood _their own homes.所有的人,男女老少,都在为自己的家园抗洪。3.She was over the age limit and _,her application was rejected.她超过了年龄限制,因此她的申请被拒绝了。get rid ofin defence ofas a consequence of this4.There are a couple of factors that _this pro
32、blem.有很多因素导致了这个问题。5.I will have a try _I should fail.哪怕失败,我也要试一下。6._to rebuild and defend our homeland.重建家园和保卫家园是我们的职责。give rise toeven thoughIt is our duty【主题阅读】.阅读理解A(2020漳州高一检测)Businesses are witnessing a difficult time,which has in turn produced influence on consumers,desire to go green.However,
33、shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago,while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.Thi
34、s may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves.And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly.Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies,with about one in seven saying that they had even decided
35、 to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a companys environmental reputation was not good enough.Harry Morrison,chief executive(主管)of the Carbon Trust,sympathizes:“I understand this situation where survival is very important now.But from environmental considerations,the clock is ticking we dont
36、have much time.In addition,cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint,as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their e
37、missions(排放).Those that have taken early action will have a head start.More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible.This suggests thatfirms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppe
38、rs.The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing.“When companies are granted(授予)the standard,they can use a logo(标识)in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,”Mr Morrison said.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文
39、。文章主要介绍了由于消费者环保意识的增强,各公司不得不下大力气减少碳的排放量。1.Whats the main idea of the passage?A.Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.B.Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.C.Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.D.Firms are urg
40、ed to cut carbon emissions by shoppers,environmental awareness.【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文及第一段Businesses are witnessing a difficult time,which has in turn produced influence on consumers,desire to go green.和第三段中的Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies,wi
41、th about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a companys environmental reputation was not good enough可知,文章主要介绍了消费者和环保意识正敦促企业减少碳排放。故选D。2.The underlined word“inform”in Paragraph 2 probably means“_”.A.affectB.changeC.disturbD.reject【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据该词
42、所在句后面的内容while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.可知,Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago意为“三分之二的消费者表示,环境因素对他们购物的影响与一年前相同”。由此可知,画线词与选项中的affec
43、t意思相同。故选A。3.According to Harry Morrison,businesses_.A.will benefit from cutting carbon emissionsB.should buy carbon allowances for shoppersC.are required to make up for their carbon emissionsD.have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段Harry Morrison所说的一番话,特别是最后一句In add
44、ition,cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.(此外,随着成本下降,降低碳排放会产生立竿见影的效果,对品牌来说也是中期效益)可推断,企业将从减少碳排放中获益。故选A。4.We can learn from the passage that businesses will_.A.have a strong desire to reduce costsB.use the same logo in their marketingC.gain adva
45、ntages by taking early actionD.attract more shoppers by storing goods【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第五段第二句Those that have taken early action will have a head start.可知,那些通过早期行动的企业将获得优势。故选C。B(2020宁德高一检测)Scientists and marine biologists(海洋生物学家)had something to celebrate last week when two lost humpback whales(座头鲸)retu
46、rned to the Pacific Ocean.Delta and Dawn a mother and a baby had circled the Sacramento Bay area for two weeks before going back to the ocean.“We all shouted loudly like Yay!”said Jim Oswald,a spokesman for the Marine Mammal Center.“Its been really exciting.”The humpback whales were last spotted on
47、May 29 near the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco,California.Scientists are sure that the whales swam into open water during the evening of May 29 or early the next morning,since there have been no further sightings of the whales.Even so,boats were sent out to look for them,just in case the whales
48、 made another wrong turn.Officials spent two weeks trying to get the whales to turn back towards the ocean.Biologists played recordings of whale-feeding as well as unfamiliar sounds to try to make the whales head back to the Pacific Ocean.However,Delta and Dawn gave scientists an unexpected chance t
49、o study humpback whales in the wild.Scientists were able to gather sound recordings and watch their behaviors.This is especially exciting because humpback whales are an endangered species.Whats more,scientists dont usually have the chance to observe(观察)them in their natural habitat.“All those things
50、 are very hard to get,”said Oswald,“So what we are doing is filling up the knowledge blank on humpback whales in the wild.”Scientists should be able to use this information to help other lost whales in the future.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了科学家和海洋生物学家们庆祝两头座头鲸回归到太平洋的事情,并展开了对它们的研究。5.Jim Oswald was very happy
51、 because_.A.the whales traveled to Sacramento BayB.he found the lost humpback whalesC.the scientists held a great celebrationD.the whales returned to the Pacific Ocean【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段“We all shouted loudly like Yay!”said Jim Oswald,a spokesman for the Marine Mammal Center.“Its been really exciting
52、.”可知,吉姆奥斯瓦德非常高兴,因为他找到了迷路的座头鲸。故选B。6.In order to make the whales go back to the ocean,the biologists_.A.fed them with other animalsB.swam into open waterC.played music for themD.played strange sounds to them【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中Biologists played recordings of whale-feeding as well as unfamiliar sounds t
53、o try to make the whales head back to the Pacific Ocean.可知,为了让鲸鱼回到海里,生物学家们给它们播放奇怪的声音。故选D。7.Whats the best title for the passage?A.Looking for the Lost WhalesB.Helping the Lost WhalesC.The Lost Whales ReturnedD.Two Whales Were Lost【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,科学家和海洋生物学家们对于两头迷路的座头鲸的回归都很兴奋,下文也主要讲了这两头座头鲸的事情,通过对
54、它们的研究希望以后能吸引更多的迷路的座头鲸回归。【方法技巧】概括主旨的方法先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句,若无明显主题句,就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句,记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时,务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。该文是介绍关于研究结果的,该类文章的中心一般就在第一段。因此,考生直接抓住第一段中的“Scientists and marine biologists had something to celebrate last week when two lost humpback whales
55、 returned to the Pacific Ocean.Delta and Dawna mother and a baby had circled the Sacramento Bay area for two weeks before going back to the ocean.”即可找到文章中心。.阅读填句Since the first Earth Day in 1970,Americans have gotten a lot“greener”toward the environment.“1,let alone that there was a problem with it,
56、”says Bruce Anderson,president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement.2.According to the US government reports,emissions(排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons.The number of cities producing CO b
57、eyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9.Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with,the world is a safer and healthier place.3.4.In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs;today in 1995 there are about 6,600.Advanced lights,motors,and building designs have helped sa
58、ve a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twenty-five years ago,there were hardly any education programs for environment.5.“Until we do that,nothing else will change!”say Bruce Anderson.A.Great improvement has been achievedB.A kind of“Green thinking”has become part of practicesC.The gover
59、nment is taking measures to solve the problemD.We didnt know at that time there even was an environmentE.People from all walks of life are taking part in the movementF.People have realized the importance of protecting the environmentG.Today,its hard to find a public school or university without such
60、 a kind of program【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。自从1970年第一个地球日成立以来,美国的环境问题有了很大的改善,人们的环保意识正逐渐增强。1.【解析】选D。根据下文“let alone that there was a problem with it,(更不用说环境有问题)”可知,D项(那时我们甚至不知道有环境)符合此处的语境。故选D。2.【解析】选E。根据上文“But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement.(但是以前在公共事物中无足轻重的环境问题
61、现在成了一项社会运动)”可知,E项(社会各阶层的人正参与这项运动)与上文紧密衔接。另外,选项与上文中的movement是原词复现。故选E。3.【解析】选B。根据上文“Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with,the world is a safer and healthier place.(虽然严重的问题仍然存在并需要解决,但世界是一个更安全、更健康的地方。)”可知,B项(一种“绿色思维”已经成为人们习惯的一部分)符合此处的语境。故选B。4.【解析】选A。本句是段落主题句。本段主要讲人们为环保做出的努力及取得的成就,所以A项概括了本段的主题。故选A。5.【解析】选G。根据上文“Twenty-five years ago,there were hardly any education programs for environment.(25年前,几乎没有与环境有关的教育项目)”可知,G项(现在,很难发现没有这种教育项目的公立学校或大学)与上文形成对比。另外,选项与上文中的program是原词复现。故选G。
