1、单元素养提升(四)Unit 4.单词拼写1.Such is Liu Yang,the first Chinese woman _(宇航员).2.He returned to China in 1955 and led the Chinese _(火箭)program.3.As a result,the _(引力)of the earth is about six times as great as that of the moon.4.We should sort out the rubbish,hoping that we might _(循环利用)some,which will surel
2、y benefit us a great deal.5.By using your _(肌肉)to do powerful things,you can make them stronger than before.astronautrocketgravityrecyclemuscles6.They received a number of complaints from customers about the _(缺乏)of parking facilities.7.If steel is heavier than water,why are ships able to _(漂浮)on th
3、e sea?8.The traffic rules should be observed strictly;_(否则)you will get into trouble.9.Its _(超出)my power to make such an important decision.10.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the _(太阳的)system with the planets going round it.lackfloatotherwisebeyondsolar11.The _(当前的)situation is very different
4、 to that in 1990.12.They had _(足够的)money to support their family after they arrived in Canada.13.With the successful _(太空行走),China has become the third country,after the United States and Russia,to do so.14.Some pyramids were used to receive and _(传输)energy between planets in the solar system.15.The
5、 theft of the _(玉器)vase caused much excitement.currentsufficientspacewalktransmitjade.选词填空on board,run out of,as a result,in closing,in the hope of,carry on,figure out,result in,provide.for,in order to1.Its difficult to _why she said those things at the meeting.2.Later we learnt that there was a ver
6、y important person _.3.Her bravery has given him the will to _with his life and his work.4.He was studying _being admitted to an engineering college.5.The competition will _ an opportunity _you to feel the enthusiasm for learning Chinese poetry.figure outon boardcarry onin the hope ofprovidefor6.As
7、a forgetful person,Bob often forgets having done something,and _,he will do the same once more.7.A notice was put up _remind the students of the changed lecture time.8.My car broke down on the way to the beach because it had _petrol.9._,all the people present ended the concert with a song I love you
8、,China.10.The other day,the bad weather _traffic jam.as a resultin order torun out ofIn closingresulted in.完成句子1.Weve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago _.我们已经走到了几十年前的另一个极端,那时父母往往更严格。2.In 1908,a New England factory _the five-day week.1908年,新英格兰的一家工厂率先实行五天工作周。3.He also recommends every
9、 trainee _.他还建议每个学员都要重视工作和放松的平衡。when parents tendedto be more strictbecame the first to practiceattach importance to balancing work andrelaxation4.Moreover,they argue that _ they give to pupils.此外,他们认为大多数老师没有正确地计划他们给学生的家庭作业。5.They must reduce the books price _他们必须降低图书价格,使所有学生都能买到。most teachers do no
10、t properly plan the homeworktasksso as to bring them within the reach of allstudents.阅读理解A Some new comets(彗星)have been discovered accidentally by amateur(业余的)astronomers.Surprisingly a few bright comets have been discovered with the naked eye(肉眼)by members of the general public.However,a great numb
11、er of comets are found by comet hunters carrying out telescope searches of chosen areas of the night sky.As the movement of all comets is directed around the Sun and because these bodies brighten as they move towards the Sun,there is a greater possibility for the discovery of a new comet in the skie
12、s towards the Sun rather than away from the Suns direction.This means that searches should be put on the western sky after evening light and on the eastern sky before morning light.From the astronomical point there is no time during the year which is the best for the discovery of new comets.A search
13、 can be done at any time providing there is no bright Moon.Studies done on the discovery conditions of comets discovered before show that more comets have been discovered in the morning sky than in the evening sky.Thus the smart comet hunter should make sure that morning activity receives as much if
14、 not more attention than any evening effort.In recent times,the use of advanced CCD technology to discover objects close to the Earth will in the future greatly reduce the chances of new comets being found with small telescopes.An example of the new technology is the very successful LINEAR program o
15、perating in New Mexico.However,until a similar system is based in the southern half of the Earth there will continue to be chances for the discovery of new comets which come from the south.【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了观测彗星的要领。1.What are comet hunters advised to do?A.Look away from the Sun.B.Stay where theres b
16、right light.C.Face the western sky in the daytime.D.Turn to the east in the early morning.【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第二段中的“This means that searches should be put on the western sky after evening light and on the eastern sky before morning light.”可知,早晨太阳出来之前应观测东面的天空。2.What do we know about the time for the discov
17、ery of new comets?A.Days when theyre close to the Earth are great chances.B.Certain fixed days are best for watching comets.C.Every day is the same if theres no bright Moon.D.Days with the Moon should never be missed.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第三段中的“A search can be done at any time providing there is no bright M
18、oon.”可知,只要没有月亮,每一天对彗星猎人来说都一样可以观测。3.Which of the following is a smart idea for comet hunters?A.Paying more attention in the morning than in the afternoon.B.Being equally serious both in the morning and afternoon.C.Being more relaxed in the morning than in the afternoon.D.Forming a habit of working on
19、ly in the morning.【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第四段中的“Thus the smart comet hunter should make sure that morning activity receives as much if not more attention than any evening effort.”可知,早晚观测彗星应该投入一样的精力。4.What can be inferred about the CCD technology?A.Its similar to a telescope.B.Itll disappoint comet hunters.C.I
20、ts spreading all over the world.D.Itll make comet hunters feel lucky.【解析】选B。推理判断题。由最后一段中的“the use of advanced CCD technology.greatly reduce the chances of new comets being found with small telescopes”可知,这种技术降低了彗星猎人发现新的彗星的概率,因此他们应该会感到有些失望。B When the Apollo astronauts(宇航员)landed on the Moon in 1969,mi
21、llions of people were rather sad.The person to blame(责备)for this was an artist named Chesley Bonestell.For many years,Bonestell had been creating beautifully detailed paintings of the Moon and planets.Viewers of his artwork were unhappy because the real Moon did not look like Bonestells pictures of
22、it.As a space artist,Bonestell tried to make his drawings look exciting and as true as the Moon is.He worked closely with astronomers and scientists to get the most up-to-date scientific information available.But in the 1940s and 1950s,no one had ever seen another planet up close.Yet Bonestells pain
23、tings looked so real that some people thought they were photographs.Even though Bonestell was interested in astronomy,he did not start out as a space artist.As a young man he studied architecture the art and science of designing and making buildings.In 1938 Bonestell became a special effects artist
24、in Hollywood.It was here that he learned he could improve his paintings by following the methods used in the movies.In 1944,a popular magazine published a series of Bonestells paintings of the planet Saturn.He drew Saturn as if it were seen by someone standing on each of the planets moons.The result
25、s were dazzling.Within a few years,Bonestells artwork was appearing regularly in magazines and books on astronomy and space flight.Many of Bonestells artworks had been right all along.But the biggest surprise was the Moon.Someone asked Bonestell what he was thinking when he saw the first pictures fr
26、om the Moon.“I thought how wrong I was!”he said.“My mountains were sharp(陡峭的),and they arent on the Moon.”But he shouldnt have felt bad.No space artist had ever before taken so many people to so many faraway worlds.In the years just before the first manned space flights,Bonestells artwork prepared p
27、eople for the amazing space adventure to come.【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了太空美术大师Chesley Bonestell。5.Bonestell made his space drawings.A.from a very early ageB.by copying photographsC.with the help of scientistsD.in order to make a living【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第二段中的“He worked closely with astronomers and scientists t
28、o get the most up-to-date scientific information available.”可知,Bonestell的画作得到了科学家的帮助,是有科学依据的。6.The underlined word“dazzling”in Paragraph 4 can best be replaced by“”.A.doubtfulB.worryingC.terribleD.wonderful【解析】选D。词义猜测题。由该段中的“Within a few years,Bonestellsartwork was appearing regularly in magazines a
29、nd books on astronomy and space flight.”可知,结果喜人,Bonestell的画作在随后几年经常出现在关于天文学和太空探险的书刊杂志上。7.Bonestells success lay in the fact that.A.he created a new drawing skillB.he helped finish the first space flightC.he made space travel more popularD.he helped bring space closer to people【解析】选D。推理判断题。由最后一段内容可知,
30、在载人宇宙飞船探索太空之前,Bonestell的画让人们提前对太空有了了解并对之后的太空探险有所准备,所以他功不可没。8.What would be the best title for the text?A.The first men on the MoonB.The space art of Chesley BonestellC.The journeys of the Apollo astronautsD.Spacewalking:through an astronauts eyes【解析】选B。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了太空美术大师Chesley Bonestell,故用B项作标题最恰当
31、。.阅读填句Tips for healthy travel with children Children make up a small but important group of travellers.Their smaller bodies and developing immune(免疫)systems make their travel health needs important.1.Vaccines(疫苗)for childrenIn general,there is a higher risk for most vaccine-preventable diseases when
32、 travelling abroad.2.If you are planning to travel,check whether your childs normal vaccine schedule needs to be changed to make sure that they are fully protected before travelling.Malaria(疟疾)and children3.Children are particularly at risk of developing severe malaria.If you must travel with childr
33、en to a malaria risk area,visit a doctor to determine if anti-malaria medication is recommended.If anti-malarial medication is allowed to take,keep them in child-proof containers and out of reach of children.Transportation risksAir travel is safe for healthy children.4.Some airlines will not allow n
34、ewborns to fly.Ear pain caused by changes in pressure during landing is more common in children than in adults.To lessen the pain,babies should bottle or breast feed.Older children can chew gum or be encouraged to swallow or yawn.5Signs and symptoms(症状)of altitude sickness in children are often mist
35、aken for other illnesses.A child with altitude sickness may throw up,hate to eat,or be anxious.Older children may also show headaches,or difficulty breathing.As it is difficult to tell if a child is developing altitude sickness and since altitude sickness can develop rapidly in children,you may trav
36、el to no higher than 2,500 m(8,200 feet).A.High altitude sicknessB.Pack a travel health kitC.Avoid taking children to areas with a risk of malariaD.And these diseases tend to be more severe in children than in adultsE.There are many facts to take into consideration when travelling with childrenF.It
37、may be difficult to give children anti-malaria medication because it tastes unpleasantG.However,it is necessary that you wait until newborns are one to two weeks old before flying【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了四点与孩子一起健康旅行需要注意的事项。1.【解析】选E。结合上文Their smaller bodies and developing immune systems make their travel
38、 health needs important.(他们较小的身体和发展的免疫系统使他们的旅行健康需求很重要。)以及下文是对带孩子旅行需要考虑的问题的论述可知,E选项“带孩子旅行时要考虑许多事实”符合上下文语境。2.【解析】选D。结合上文In general,there is a higher risk for most vaccine-preventable diseases when travelling abroad.(一般来说,在国外旅行时,大多数疫苗可预防疾病的风险更高。)中diseases可对应到D选项中these diseases,故D选项“这些疾病在儿童中往往比成人更严重”符合上
39、下文语境。3.【解析】选C。结合下文Children are particularly at risk of developing severe malaria.(儿童尤其有患严重疟疾的危险)可知,儿童容易得疟疾,因此要避免带孩子去有疟疾危险的地区。4.【解析】选G。结合下文Some airlines will not allow newborns to fly.(一些航空公司不允许新生儿飞行。)中newborns可对应到G选项中you wait until newborns are one to two weeks old before flying,故G选项“然而,有必要等到新生儿出生一到
40、两周后再飞行”符合上下文语境。5.【解析】选A。本句为本段小标题,结合下文Signs and symptoms of altitude sickness in children are often mistaken for other illnesses.A child with altitude sickness may throw up,hate to eat,or be anxious.(儿童高原反应的症状和体征常被误认为是其他疾病。有高原反应的孩子可能会呕吐、讨厌吃东西或焦虑。)可知,是在说明儿童得高原反应的病症,故A选项“高原病;高原反应”符合本段内容。.完形填空How far wo
41、uld you walk to learn about something that interested you?When he was young,Jacob Lawrence often walked more than sixty 1from his home in the Harlem section of New York City to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.Jacob wanted to be a(n)2,and he believed that studying the famous paintings 3in that museum
42、would help him.It was 1930,when many people were out of work,money was 4and people suffered a lot.Still the streets were5with energy and color.As he walked through Harlem,Jacob looked hard at the people,the churches,and barbershops and so on.He 6those images in his mind,along with the images of pain
43、tings he saw in the 7.Jacob came from a poor family.His mother believed there was little chance8her son could grow up to be a successful painter.She wanted him to aim for something more 9.But Jacobs teacher,Alston,in an art program saw that he was talented.Alston 10him how to use paints to make stag
44、e sets.As time passed,Alston let Jacob rent work space in his own studio.That was an exciting place for a young man 11to become an artist.Many creative people 12there to talk about art,literature and history.From their 13,Jacob learned that history books often 14the accomplishments of African Americ
45、ans.He decided to paint a series of pictures describing the story of a black hero.He 15Toussaint,who had helped free his people 16French ruling.Many people admired Jacobs pictures,but he needed 17admiration.To help his family,he often had to work at jobs that 18him away from painting.Then something
46、encouraging happened.An artist named Augusta got Jacob a job.For eighteen months,Jacob was given a19to paint pictures.For the first time,he felt like a 20artist.【文章大意】本文讲述的是著名艺术家Jacob Lawrence从小很有天赋,为了看画,每天走六十多个街区去博物馆,后来通过画黑人英雄杜桑出名。但直到一个叫Augusta的画家给他提供了一份画画的工作,他才第一次感觉到自己是个职业画家。1.A.steps B.blocks C.b
47、uildings D.avenues【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。根据上文提到How far would you walk to learn about something that interested you为了了解你感兴趣的东西你会走多远,所以是走了六十多个街区。2.A.artistB.tutor C.scholarD.official【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。根据上文提到from his home in the Harlem section of New York City to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.从他家走到艺术博物馆,可知他想成为艺术家。3
48、.A.swingingB.existingC.hangingD.twisting【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。根据句意可知他相信研究那些挂在博物馆里面的画有帮助,hanging现在分词作后置定语来修饰the famous paintings。4.A.blankB.looseC.toughD.tight【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。根据句子It was 1930,when many people were out of work在1930年,大多数人失业,可知钱应是很紧张。5.A.linedB.decoratedC.associatedD.filled【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。根据句子Still
49、 the streets were with energy and color,街道充满能量与生机。6.A.storedB.received C.created D.remembered【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。根据上文提到he believed that studying the famous paintings in that museum would help him.可知,他看过许多名画,他的大脑中装满各种画。7.A.museumB.studioC.churchD.street【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。根据上文提到he believed that studying the famo
50、us paintings in that museum would help him.可知画像是在博物馆看到的。8.A.whetherB.whichC.thatD.when【解析】选C。考查连词辨析。根据句子His mother believed there was little chance her son could grow up to be a successful painter.可知横线后的从句是作chance的同位语从句,只能用that引导,且that在从句中不作成分。9.A.preciousB.practicalC.standardD.flexible【解析】选B。考查形容词辨
51、析。根据句意可知,与他学画画相比,母亲更希望他学实用的技能。10.A.recommendedB.remindedC.providedD.showed【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。根据上文提到But Jacobs teacher,Alston,in an art program saw that he was talented他的老师认为他很有天赋,于是向他展示如何用颜料做背景。11.A.hesitating B.strugglingC.marchingD.participating【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。struggle to do sth.努力去做某事,根据句意可知对于这个努力成为一个艺术
52、家的年轻人来说,这是个令人兴奋的地方。12.A.settledB.wanderedC.gatheredD.rushed【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。根据句子Many creative people there to talk about art,literature and history可知,许多有创造力的人聚集在这谈论艺术、文学和历史。13.A.experiencesB.performancesC.accentsD.conversations【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。根据上文提到“Many creative people there to talk about art,literature
53、 and history”他们聚集在此谈论,可知是从他们的谈话中,他明白历史书中通常忽视非裔美国人的作品。14.A.acknowledgedB.accusedC.ignoredD.witnessed【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。根据下文He decided to paint a series of pictures describing the story of a black hero可知他决定画一些描述黑人的画,因为历史通常忽视非裔美国人的作品。15.A.choseB.acceptedC.countedD.employed【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。根据上文提到He decided to p
54、aint a series of pictures describing the story of a black hero他决定描述黑人英雄的故事,可知他选择了杜桑。16.A.againstB.fromC.forD.with【解析】选B。考查介词辨析。历史上杜桑带领人民从法国的统治下解放出来。17.A.more thanB.rather thanC.other thanD.less than【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。根据下文提到To help his family,he often had to work at jobs为了帮助家人,他不得不工作,可知不仅仅需要钦佩。18.A.brokeB
55、.gaveC.permittedD.took【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。take.away from把从带离,因为他要赚钱养家,可知工作把他带离画画,即因为工作无暇画画。19.A.awardB.title C.salaryD.prize【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。give sb.a salary 给某人薪水,根据句意可知一个叫做Augusta的艺术家,给了他一份工作,他通过作画来挣钱。20.A.permanentB.popularC.positiveD.professional【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。根据句意可知,第一次,他感觉像个职业艺术家。上文提到作画谋生,所以是职业画家。.应用文写
56、作假设你是红星中学的学生李华。笔友Jim了解到你班同学参加了学校的“月球日”系列活动,想了解详情。请你根据以下内容回复一封电子邮件。1.得知活动消息;2.活动内容;3.相关人员反应。注意:1.词数80个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:月球日Moon Day_【参考范文】Dear Jim,Learning that youre interested in what we did on Moon Day,now Id like to share with you some details.A week before Moon Day,seeing the posters for
57、 the information about moon exploration,our class came up with the idea to organize activities.The next day,we couldnt wait to put our ideas into practice:We searched about the moon on the Internet,explained the moon knowledge to my classmates through extracurricular activities and made posters about the moon.The students were interested and the teachers praised our behavior.Would you want to know more details?Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua
