1、第一部分 基础模块夯实Module 5Unit 1 Great scientistsSection I.课本扫描词汇部分词形变化1.scientific adj.科学的 science n.科学 scientist n.科学家2.valuable adj.有价值的value n.&v.价值，评价3.instruct v.教导，命令 instruction n.指示instructive adj.有益的；教育性的4.enthusiastic adj.热心的；热情的enthusiasm n.狂热，热心enthusiast n.狂热者5.construct vt.建设；修建 construction
2、 n.建筑；建设重点单词1.conclude vt.&vi.结束；推断出2.attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加3.expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光4.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心5.blame n.过失；责备 vt.责备；谴责6.instruct vt.教导；命令；指示7.contribute vi.&vt.捐助；捐献；贡献；投稿8.defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n.失败9.challenge n.挑战 vt.向挑战10.suspect vt.怀疑 n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯11.severe adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的12.construct vt.建设；修建
3、13.positive adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的14.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的重点词组1.put forward 提出2.apart from 除之外；此外3.make sense 讲得通有意义4.draw a conclusion 得出结论5.exposeto 使暴露；暴露6.be to blame 对负责7.linkto 将和联系或连接起来8.be strict with 对严格重点句子1.So many thousands of terrified people died every timethere was an outbreak.2.Only if y
4、ou put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.3.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar systemwith the planets going round it 重点语法过去分词作表语和定语(见语法专题P327)一、核心单词1.conclude knklu:d vt.&vi.结束；推断出conclusion n.结束,结论（1）He concluded his speech with a slogan.他用一句口号结
5、束了演说。（2）It is hard to conclude.这很难断定。归纳：makedrawreachcome toarrive at a conclusion下结论，得出结论 bring sth.to a conclusion使结束 in conclusion作为结论，最后小练：汉译英(1)我们推定他们无法按时抵达目的地。We concluded that they could not _ on time.(2)我们认定他并没有告诉我们实情，也就是说他在撒谎。_reach the destination We concluded that he didnt tell us the tru
6、th.That is,he was lying.2.attend tend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加 attendance n出席，出席人数（1）I shall be attending the meeting我会参加会议。（2）Which doctor is attending you?哪一个医生为你看病?归纳：attend school上学attend a lecture/meeting听讲座/出席会议attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚礼参加典礼小练：汉译英(1)上这个学校的几乎全是当地的孩子。_(2)他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。He
7、 is famous in this field,and tens of thousands of fans will _ this evening.The school was attended almost entirely by local children.attend his lecture 3.expose ikspuz vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光（1）Lu Xun exposed the evil of the old society in his works.鲁迅在他的作品中揭露了旧社会的罪恶。（2）This film has been exposed.这片子已经感光。（3）He
8、 exposed the plan to the newspapers.他向几家报社透露了这个计划。（4）As a journalist in the war,she was exposed to many dangers.作为战地记者,她置身于多种危险。归纳：be exposed to 置身于;暴露于小练：用expose的恰当形式填空。（1）The soil was washed away by the flood,_bare rock（2）The baby was left _the wind and rain.exposing exposed to 4.absorb bs:b vt.吸收
9、；吸引；使专心（1）He is absorbed in study.他专心读书。（2）Dry sand absorbs water.干涉吸收水份。归纳：be absorbed in 全神贯注于；热衷于absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意力小练：汉译英(1)颜色丰富的东西总能轻易地吸引孩子们的注意力。Colourful things can often _ easily.(2)这双新鞋特别设计了吸收能量的作用。The new shoes are specially designed to _.absorb childrens attention absorb the ener
10、gy 5.blame bleim n.过失；责备 vt.责备；谴责n责怪；(过失、过错等)责任（1）The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。（2）We are all partly to balme.我们都负有一部分的责任。（3）The student blamed the teacher for his failure学生因失败而怪老师。归纳：blame sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而指责某人blame sth.on sb
11、.因某事而指责某人Sb.be to blame for(doing)sth.因(做)某事某人应该受到谴责；注意:be to blame 应负责(无被动形式)小练：汉译英（1）看来这要归罪于饮用水了。_（2）这件事谁也不能怨。_（3）他指责你玩忽职守。_It seemed that the water was to blame.Nobody is to blame for it.He blames you for neglect of duty.6.instruct instrkt vt.教导；命令；指示（1）Miss Li instructed a class in math last yea
12、r.李老师去年给一个班学生上数学课。（2）He was instructed when to start through the email.他从邮件中得到出发时间的通知。（3）He was instructed to sail for New York.他奉命前往纽约。归纳：instruct sb.(in sth.)教，教导，传授技能instruct sb.to do;instruct wh-命令，指示，instruct that-clause通知小练：汉译英（1）老职工对青年职工言传身教。The old workers _ not only in words,but also by dee
13、ds.（2）孩子们放学后被要求留在教室里。The children were also _ after class.instruct the young workers instructed not to leave the classroom 7.contribute kntribju:t vi&vt捐助；捐献；贡献contribution n.捐献，贡献；投稿（1）He contributed to the church他向教会捐款。（2）He lives on contributing to some local magazines.他靠给一些地方杂志撰稿为生。归纳：contribute
14、to 向捐献(投稿)make a contribution totowards 捐赠；对作出贡献小练：用contribute的恰当形式或短语填空。（1)Everyone is encouraged to _ the discussion.（2)Her work has _ our understanding of this difficult subject.（3)She has _ poems to literary magazinescontribute to contributed to contributed 二、重点词组1put forward 提出（1）He put forward
15、 a new plan yesterday他昨天提出一个新计划。（2）May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你当委员会主席?短语归纳：put on穿上；增加put on performances演出put an end to结束；终止put off推迟；延期put ones heart into全神贯注于put down写下put out生产；扑灭put back放回；送回put up举起；张贴小练：用put构成的短语填空。（1）You can take anything from th
16、e shelf，but please _ the books when youve finished with them（2）He often _ some useful advice.put back puts forward 2apart from 除之外；此外（1）Apart from a few faults,he is a perfect teacher.除了几个有缺点之外，他是一个很好的老师。（2）Apart from the cost,the dress doesnt suit me.姑且不论价格，这件礼服也不适合我穿。短语归纳：in addition to除之外(还有，包括在内
17、)besides 除之外(还有，包括在内)except(for)除之外(不同类中的除此以外)except that除之外(后接句子)小练：选择以上短语填空。（1）As a senior student,we study other subjects _ English.（2）Your article is well written _ some spelling mistakes.besides/in addition to/apart from except for 3.make sense讲得通；有意义(1)What he says makes sense他说的有道理。(2)Can you
18、 make sense of this poem?你能明白这首诗的含义吗?(3)What you say is true in a sense你所说的在某种意义上是真实的。短语归纳：make no sense讲不通；无意义make sense of 了解,明白in a sense就某种意义而言；在某种意义上小练：汉译英（1）老师试了许多次，但这个长句依然讲不通。The teacher tried many times,but the long sentence still could not _.（2）从某种意义上说，这部影片富含意义。_make sense The film is full
19、of meaning in a sense.三、课文回顾John Snow was so well-known a physician in London in the 19th century as to help ordinary people 1_(expose)to cholera which was the deadly disease of its day.It is believed that cholera is commonly caused by the bacteria in the air or people _2_(absorb)this disease into t
20、heir bodies.3_(suspect)that the second theory was correct,he made further investigation and discovered that it was the water that 4_(blame).Next,John Snow looked into the source of the water for Broad Street 5_all the dead people had lived.Fortunately 6_ he found that it came from the river polluted
21、 by the dirty water from London,he told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that 7_could not be used.In another part of London,supporting evidence from two other 8_(die)that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak was found by him,too.9_this extra evidence,Jo
22、hn Snow was able to 10 (certain)announce that polluted water carried the virus.Finally“King Cholera”was defeated.1.exposed 2.absorbed 3.Suspecting 4.was to blame 5.where 6.when 7.it 8.deaths 9.With 10.certainly四、句子精析与仿写：1.So many thousands of terrified people died every timethere was an outbreak.每次霍
23、乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。句子分析：every time 引导的时间状语从句，充当连词作用类似的词组还有 the minute/the year/the moment/the first time/each time/next time/any time/the summer 等。仿写：.(1)每次试着去办公室找他，我总是被告知他在开会。_(2)我第一次碰到他时，他就给我留下这个印象。_ Every time I try to visit him in his office,Im told he is in a meeting.He had impressed me that way
24、 the first time I met him.2.It seemed that the water was to blame.看来水是罪魁祸首句子分析：It seems/seemed that看来/似乎。能用于此句型的还有appear,happen,occur等。仿写：(1)看来他在撒谎。(2)看起来一些自然灾害应归咎于全球变暖。(seem;be to blame for)It seems that global warming could be to blame for the natural disasters.It seems that he is lying.3.Although
25、 he had tried to ignore them,all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion:that the earth was not the centre of the solar system.虽然他曾经试着不去理睬那些数字，然而他所有的数学计算都得出了一个相同的结论：地球不是太阳系的中心。句子分析：although引导一个让步状语从句，表示“虽然，但是”；that引导的是一个同位词从句，说明conclusion的具体内容。仿写：(1)尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄
26、进行。Although this view is wildly held,there is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.(2)尽管被告知许多遍，他仍然重复犯这个错误。Though he had been told many times,he still repeated the mistake.4.To prevent this from happening again,John Snow suggested that the source of all the water
27、 supplies be examined.为了防止这种情况再次发生，约翰.斯诺建议，所有的水源都要经过检测。句子分析：prevent from doing相当于stop from doing sth./keep from doing sth.表示阻止某人做某事仿写：(1)为了防止约翰考试不及格，杰克建议每天晚上帮助他复习。To prevent John from failing the exam,Jack suggested that he(should)help him to study every night.(2)为了防止水土流失，政府鼓励人们每年在黄河两岸植树造林。To preven
28、t the earth from being washed away,the government encourages people to plant trees along the Yellow River every year.5 A woman,who had moved away from Broad Street,liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.有一位妇女是从Broad Street 搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都派人从水泵打水运到家来
29、。句子分析：(1)who引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词woman。(2)so.that.如此以致。that 引导结果状语从句。仿写：(1)李教授出身贫寒，他从小对写作感兴趣，至今已出版了几部书。Professor Li,who was born in a poor family,was so interested in writing when he was young that he has several novels published till now.(2)我对这些新观念非常感兴趣，以至于不假思索地吸收了。I was so interested in these new i
30、deas that I absorbed them without thinking.Section II.读写强化一、根据课文回答下列问题：1.Do you think how to be a great scientist?Firstly,you should study hard and learn more,having a good command of your professional knowledge.Secondly,you should have a definite idea about what you really want to be and what you n
31、eed to do so as to achieve your goal.Last but not least,you should have a strong will,being persistent and keeping going for it is maybe the most important thing.2.How to prove a new idea in scientific research?First we should find the problem.Then,think of a method.We should collect as much informa
32、tion as possible.Analyzing results is the most important stage.Before we make a conclusion,it is necessary for us to repeat some stages or processes.3.Do you know something about Marie Curie?Marie Curie was a Polish physicist and chemist who lived between 1867-1934.She is known to the world as a sci
33、entist.She contributed greatly to our understanding of radioactivity and the effects of x-rays and received two Nobel prizes for her brilliant work.4.Cholera is a 19th century disease,what disease do you think is similar to cholera today?Give the reasons.Two diseases,which are similar today,are SARS
34、 and AIDS because they are both serious,have an unknown cause and need public health care to solve them.5.What do you want to do when you grow up?I want to build robots.I will have to do a physics and mathematics degree in China.After that I hope to go abroad to Reading University in England where I
35、 can study all about robots.There is a special cybernetics(控制论)department there.二、美文欣赏与模仿：Born in America,Thomas Edisonwasa great scientist andinventor.He had more than 1000 inventions.In his life time,he wasalwayseager to know how things worked,which helped him to claim the nickname“the Wizardof Me
36、lo Park”,He wasalso so diligentthat he worked day and night.And this explained why he had so many greatinventions.From him,I realize the secret to successis not when or where you were born,but whatyou are doingand how you do itin your life.Section.单元配套一、重点词词形变换1.“What qualities make a good_?”“A _ th
37、ought is the most important,I think.”(science)2.I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new _.Last week 2 got a new job in a big firm,and I found it very _.(challenge)3.A great deal of money was _to the earthquake-hit area in Yushu from Guangzhou.So far many Cantonese have made great _ to the de
38、velopment of disaster-hit areas.(contribute)4.He was accused of _the well water._ water is unsafe to drink.New measures should be taken to prevent such _ happening again.(pollute)scientist scientific challenge challenging contributed contribution polluting Polluted pollution 5.The great bridge under
39、 _ is designed by Chinese engineers.It will take about a year to _ the large bridge.(construct)6.It is wrong of him to jump to _ without thinking.Nothing can be _ from the simple observation.(conclude)7._ in playing the mobile phone games,Tom didnt notice the teacher standing by him.(absorb)8.Mary _
40、 to her teammates that she was to marry a Chinese boy.The _of their marriage would appear in the local newspaper the next week.(announce)9.The cottage is in a very _position at the top of the hill.The soil was washed away by the running water,_the bare rock.(expose)10.He _ that the job would take a
41、long time.A lot of things can be _nowadays.(foresee)construction construct conclusions concluded Absorbed announced announcement exposed exposing foresaw foreseen 二、活用表格中的短语1._ the injuries to his face and hands,he broke both his legs in the traffic accident.2.She is a strict teacher,so she_her pupi
42、ls.3.Can you _ this English poem?4.Scientists now _certain types of cancer _the amount of junk food that people have.5.He pretends to _ listening.6.Sweden,which must import oil for seventy percent of its energy needs,had six reactors in service at the time and six more _.7.Ive _ _ that hes not the right person for the job.8.The doctors _ her _cancer.9.Which driver _ for the accident?10.His disappearance is being _ by the police.Apart from is strict with make sense of link to be absorbed in under construction come to the conclusioncured of was to blame looked into
