1、形容词和副词的比较洛阳八中 黄丽红一 形容词和副词的基本用法1 形容词在句中的作用1）形容词在句中作定语、表语和补语。1）She is a good girl.This is a nice watch.2）The door is open.You look young.3）We will try our best to make our school beautiful.4）Leave me alone.2）形容词在句中也可作状语，用来表示主语所处的状态。1）He was lying in bed,awake./asleep./dead.2）They got home,hungry and t
2、ired.1 形容词在句中的作用3)alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身体好)等常用作表语而不用作定语。1）He is an ill man.(错)The man is ill.(对)2）She is an afraid girl.(错)The girl is afraid.(对)4)two-year-old/200-metre-long/one-eyed等复合形容词中的名词要用单数，一般只用作前置定语。Tom is a two-year-old boy.2 副词在句中的作用副词在句中一般用作状语，修饰动词、形容词和其它副词，也可
3、修饰整个句子。1）He runs fast.You did it very well.2）This is too small.He is so young that he cant go to school.3）He is driving the car too fast.Mary gets up very early.4）Obviously you are wrong.二 形容词和副词的比较（比较级和最高级）1.“形容词（副词）比较级+than+”表示两者中的一方比另一方“更加.”。连词后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、v.-ing 结构和v.-ed 结构。
4、The street is narrower than that one.这条街比那条街窄一些。2.如果要表示“.不如.”用“less+原级+than”结构。1)He is less handsome than his brother.他不如他哥哥长得帅。2)This book is less interesting than that one.这本书不如那本书有趣。二 形容词和副词的比较（比较级和最高级）3.表示“两人/物之间比较的”，用“the+比较级+of+the+名词/代词”结构。The larger of the two islands is Britain,which lies t
5、o the east of Ireland.两个岛屿中较大的一个是英格兰，位于爱尔兰的东面。4.不与其它事物相比，表示本身程度的改变，用“比较级+and+比较级”结构，译作“越来越.”。Our city is now becoming more and more beautiful.我们的城市变得越来越漂亮了。二 形容词和副词的比较（比较级和最高级）5.表示一方随另一方程度变化时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。1)The harder he studies,the more progress he will make.他学习越努力，他取得的进步就越大。2)The more mist
6、akes I make,the more I learn.我犯的错误越多，我学会的就越多。6.“more than+主语+can+谓语”结构表示否定意义，意为“非所能，不能”。1)This is more than I can tell you.这是我不能告诉你的。2)The beauty of the city is more than I can describe.我无法描述这城市的美。二 形容词和副词的比较（比较级和最高级）7.用much,far,still,even,a lot,a bit,any,rather,a great deal,far 等修饰形容词或副词的比较级，表示程度，放
7、在比较级之前。(注意：very/quite/fairly一般不用来修饰比较级。)1)An electric bike can run a great deal faster than a bike.电动车比自行车跑得快得多。2)YaoMing is much/a lot/a great deal taller than I.姚明比我高得多。8.表示双方在程度、性质、特征等方面相等时，用“as+形容词/副词原级+as”的形式；表示双方不相等时，用“not so/as+形容词/副词原级+as”的结构形式。His bedroom is not as neat as his sisters.他的卧室没
8、有他姐姐们的整洁。二 形容词和副词的比较（比较级和最高级）9.三者或三者以上相比较，表示最高程度时，用“the+形容词的最高级”的结构形式；若表示“最不”，则用“the+least+形容词原级”的结构形式。这两种句式中一般有表示比较范围的介词短语in/of。The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河。注意：最高级常用by far/much或序数词作状语。The population of China is by far the largest in the world.Africa is the second larges
9、t continent.二 形容词和副词的比较（比较级和最高级）10.表示“几倍于”时，用“倍数+asas”来表示，亦可用“倍数+比较级+than”或“倍数+the+n.（size/weight/height/width/length）+of”表示。1)This kind of plane flies twice as fast as that kind.这种飞机的飞行速度是那种飞机的两倍快。2)Our classroom is three times larger than yours.我们的教室是你们教室的三倍大。3)The newly broadened highway is five
10、times the length of the previous one.新扩建的高速路是未扩建时的五倍长。二 形容词和副词的比较（比较级和最高级）11.需要注意的问题：1）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.（对）The population of Shanghai is larger than Beijing.(错)2）要避免重复使用比较级。He is more clever/cleverer than his brother.(对)He is more cleverer t
11、han his brother.(错)He is less taller than I.(错)3)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。China is larger than any other country in Asia./any country in Africa.（对）China is larger than any country in Asia.(错)巩固检测Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given.1)This is as _ an example as the other is.(good)2)He cant
12、 run _/_ _ as you.(fast)3)Tom works _ than Peter.(hard)4)He is _ _than his brother.(diligent)5)The book is less _ than that one.(interesting)6)The winter is coming.Its becoming _ and _.(cold)7)The _ he is(busy),the _ he feels(happy).8)The weather here is _than that in the north.(cold)9)He is _ than
13、any other student in our class.(tall)10)Luoyang is one of _ _ _ cities in China.(beautiful)(比较Luoyang is a most beautiful city.洛阳是一个非常美丽的城市。)巩固检测Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given.1)This is as good an example as the other is.(good)2)He cant run as/so fast as you.(fast)3)Tom w
14、orks harder than Peter.(hard)4)He is more/less diligent than his brother.(diligent)5)The book is less interesting than that one.(interesting)6)The winter is coming.Its becoming colder and colder.(cold)7)The busier he is(busy),the happier he feels(happy).8)The weather here is colder than that in the
15、north.(cold)9)He is taller than any other student in our class.(tall)10)Luoyang is one of the most beautiful cities in China.(beautiful)(比较Luoyang is a most beautiful city.洛阳是一个非常美丽的城市。)Check youranswers.拓展提升1)-Did you enjoy yourself at the party?-Yes.Ive never been to _ one before.A.a more excited
16、B.the most excited C.a more exciting D.the most exciting2)It was raining _ outside.They could _ open their eyes,but they still worked _ on the farm.A.hardly;hardly;hardly B.hardly;hard;hard C.hard;hardly;hard D.hard;hard;hard3)-Do you think him naughty enough?-Im afraid hes _ than naughty.A.more cle
17、ver B.cleverer C.much clever D.much more cleverer4)The house rent is expensive,Ive got about half of the space I had at home and Im going to pay _ here.A.as four times much B.as much three times C.much as three times D.three times as muchCCAD拓展提升5)-The chicken is delicious.-Well,at least it is _ the
18、 one I cooked last time.A.as bad as B.no worse than C.no better than D.not better than 6)(2011四川高考)-How was your recent trip to Sichuan?-Ive never had _ one before.A.a pleasant B.a more pleasant C.a most pleasant D.the most pleasant7)（2011全国高考）Mr.Stevenson is great to work for-I really couldnt ask a
19、 _ boss.A.better B.good C.best D.still better8)Do you believe _ little boys could eat _ much food?A.so;so B.such;such C.such;so D.so;such9）（2011陕西高考）The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _ the present one.A.as three times big as B.three times as big as C.as big as three times D.as big three times asBBACB
