1、2021高考英语高频短语词块梳理及阅读（十六）一：短语词块梳理 be grateful/thankful to sb. for sth. 因为某事而感激某人 show ones gratitude to sb. for sth. be burnt to the ground 被烧成灰烬 have a great effect on childrens growth对孩子的成长有好处 on guard 站岗 have a guess of the meaning 猜出意思 the guests present 在场的客人 be guided by sb. 在某人的引导下 feel guilty
2、感到内疚的；感到有罪的 play the guitar 弹吉他 get into the habit of 养成习惯=form the habit of hand in ones test paper 交试卷 hand out ones test paper 分发试卷 hand in hand 手拉手 handle the complicated situation 处理复杂的情况 hang up the line 挂断电话 be hanged 被绞死 happen to be doing sth. 碰巧正在做某事 happen to have done sth.碰巧做过某事 happen t
3、o sb. 某人发生了某事21 Hardly had sb. done when sb. did 一就22 No sooner had sb. done than sb. did23 endure great hardship 忍受极大的痛哭24 do harm to 对有害=beharmful to 25 have a good/wonderful time 玩得开心26 have/take a close look at 仔细看一下27 have an advantage over 与相比占优势28 have a great headache 十分头痛29 the headlines of
4、 a newspaper 一份报纸的大标题30 in good/bad health 身体健康/不好31 keep healthy/fit 保持身体健康32 hear about 听说关于33 hear from 收到某人的来信34 heart and soul 全心全意地35 put into heart 牢记36 help sb. out 帮助某人摆脱困难37 be helpful to 对有益38 here and there 到处39 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事40 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地二：阅读拔高训练Erik Kobayashi-S
5、olomon spent a day with Dr.Paul Gauthier,a plant physiologist specializing in vertical(垂直的) farming research and came away with several important ideas about vertical farming.Humans have 12,000 years of experience in growing food,but only a generations worth of experience or so in growing crops indo
6、ors.We are still progressing up the technology learning curve (曲线).Whats more,traditional farming techniques are based on conditions that are not applicable to vertical farming.Therefore,without taking time to understand the science,vertical farming is not likely to be able to live up to its implied
7、 promise.The cost of powering LED grow lights is one of the biggest problems a vertical farm must overcome.Dr.Louis Albright at Cornell has characterized vertical farms as the “pie-in-the-sky” business.He famously calculates,for instance,that the cost of a loaf of bread would be $24 if farmed indoor
8、sthe cost is too high.Gauthier acknowledges that energy prices are high but points out that scientific work has shown that only about 6% of available sunlight is used in crop photosynthesis (光合作用),so there may be ways of growing the same plants with less light.Gauthier also points out that while ene
9、rgy costs are a bit high,vertical farming does create enormous efficiencies in other areas.Water usage may be significantly reduced because the same water can be recycled time and again.Fertilizer use can be greatly reduced and pesticides for pest control are unnecessary.Its clear that vertical farm
10、ing offers real value to society.The future is probably mixed.In some environmentsthe Middle East,for instancea move to vertical farming is a no-brainer.An indoor farm in Saudi Arabia,for instance,can use solar energy to power LEDs at low cost without shading other farmland.In other environments,tho
11、ugh,the expense of establishing a facility places a high bar on growth and profitability.A large vertical farming and equipment operation only started generating a small profit eight years into its nine-year life.1.What can we infer about vertical farming in Paragraph 2?A.It will replace traditional
12、 farming one day.B.It relies on research of more basic science.C.It can be applicable under different conditions.D.It actually came into being 12,000 years ago.2.What does Dr.Louis Albright think of vertical farms?A.They use less light than traditional ones.B.They may seem very unlikely to succeed.C
13、.They can overcome many problems in farming.D.They do not need any natural sunlight any longer.3.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?A.The ways of reducing costs of vertical farming.B.The secrets of developing vertical farming.C.The recent trend of vertical farming.D.The benefits of vertical f
14、arming.4.Why is the example of “an indoor farm in Saudi Arabia” mentioned?A.To show vertical farming can work well in some places.B.To prove solar energy is vital for farming in Saudi Arabia.C.To confirm the expense of setting up a vertical farm is high.D.To argue that vegetables do not need to be i
15、mported any longer.参考答案：1.B推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“Therefore,without taking time to understand the science,vertical farming is not likely to be able to live up to its implied promise.”可知,如果不花时间去了解科学,垂直农业就不可能实现其潜在的前景。由此可推知,垂直农业的发展依赖更多的基础科学的研究,故选B项。2.B细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Dr.Louis Albright at Cornell has characteriz
16、ed vertical farms as the pie-in-the-sky business.”及下文列举的他预测使用垂直农业生产会使一条面包过贵可知,Dr.Louis Albright认为垂直农业似乎不太可能成功。故选B项。3.D段落大意题。根据第四段第一句中的“vertical farming does create enormous efficiencies in other areas”及本段最后一句“Its clear that vertical farming offers real value to society.”可知,垂直农业确实在其他领域创造了提高功效的方法,为社会提
17、供了真正的价值;该段第二、三句列举了垂直农业具体在哪些领域创造了提高功效的方法。由此可知,本段主要讲的是垂直农业的好处。故选D项。4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“The future is probably mixed.”和本段中的“In some environments”“In other environments”可知,本段主要讲了在不同的环境中垂直农业未来的情况不同;又根据本段第三句中的“can use solar energy.shading other farmland”可知,列举“an indoor farm in Saudi Arabia”的例子,是为了说明在有些地方垂直农业可以运转良好。故选A项。
