1、2012届高考英语一轮复习顶尖学案：选修7 Unit 20New Frontiers新领域（北师大版）核心词汇1His coat was _(用旧的，磨坏的)in several places.2Armed c_is likely to break out between the two countries.3Jane is facing the d_of obeying her father or marrying the man she loves.4She spent the morning buying _(纪念品，纪念物)5This is my _(固定性的；常在的)address.
2、6The employment problem tends to be a city_(现象)7He _(捐献)all his possessions to charity and the _(捐赠物)would be used for children in Africa.8Many children have been _(挨饿)to death in the last few years and the _(饥饿)seems to last in that area.1worn2.conflict 3.dilemma4.souvenirs5.permanent6.phenomenon7.
3、donated；donations8.starved；starvation高频短语2_ 提前；事先3_ 接管；交接4_ 理解5_ 泄露(秘密)6_ 弥补7_ 计算出；解决；想出8_ 更不用说9_ 努力解决难以处理的事物10_ 致力于；献身于11_ 以防；以免12_ 以开始13_ 由于；因为14_ 而不是15_ 可以得到的1artificial；intelligence2.in advance3.take over 4get across5.give away6.make up for7.figure out 8.not to mention9.wrestle with sth.10.be de
4、dicated to11.in case12.start with13.due to 14.rather than15.be available to重点句式1By the year 2015, the clothing industry _ new types of material that will remain stainless _ you spill on them.到2015年，服装业将生产出一种新型布料，无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污渍。2We _ our brains _ these computers and a huge database.我们将把自己的大脑与这些计
5、算机和一个庞大的数据库相连接。3Amazing discoveries _ in medicine, communications and transport，_ our knowledge of the world and space.就医学、通讯和运输方面，人类作出令人惊叹的发现，更不用说我们对世界和太空的了解了。4_ the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology，whether lucky or planned，the world as we know it today would have been a co
6、mpletely different place.没有科技上的这些尖端突破，无论是好运带来的还是按计划取得的，我们今天的世界将完全是另一个样子。5_100 feet long by over 10 feet high and weighed over 30 tonnes.它长100英尺，高10多英尺，重30多吨。1will have produced；no matter what2.will be linking；to3.were made；not to mention4.Without5.It measured知识详解1 .assistvt.& vi. 帮助，协助； 参与，出席(回归课本P1
7、33)The new international crew are planning to take over.and assist with repairs on Alpha.新的国际机组人员将接管并在Alpha国际太空站上协助维修归纳拓展例句探源(朗文P72)A man is assisting police(with their inquiries)一名男子(被带到警署)协助警方调查。He always came to my assistance when I was in trouble.我遇到麻烦时他总是帮助我。1Dont be nervous.The police will_you
8、 to find her address.AthrillBenlargeCassist Doutline解析：选C。assist sb.to do.“帮助某人做某事”，C项符合句意。句意：别紧张，警察会帮助你找到她的地址的。thrill“使得惊恐”；enlarge“扩大”；outline“勾出轮廓”。2 .discrimination n差别对待；歧视(回归课本P20).，as everyone will have jobs and discrimination will be a part of the past.，因为每一个人都会有工作，歧视将成为历史。归纳拓展Discrimination
9、 against blacks is still common.歧视黑人仍是普遍现象。They organized to fight against racial discrimination.他们组织起来为反对种族歧视而斗争。例句探源2完成句子We should not _ _ _ _(歧视残疾人)答案：discriminate against the disabled3 .dilemma n困境；进退两难的窘境(回归课本P24)If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century，you w
10、ould have a real dilemma on your hands.如果要选择二十世纪最重要的发现，你将面临一个真正的难题。归纳拓展face a dilemmabe faced with a dilemma面临左右为难的困境be in a dilemma 处于左右为难的境地put/place sb.into a dilemma 使某人处于左右为难的境地on the horns of a dilemma 进退两难例句探源Faced with a dilemma，he was determined to hold on.面临着进退两难的困境，他决定顽强地坚持下去。Im in a dile
11、mma about this job offer.对于提供的这份工作我不知道是接受还是不接受。The bad weather put us into a dilemma.糟糕的天气使我们进退两难。3完成句子The patient needed an operation right away，but there was no anesthetic(麻醉剂)，the surgeon was_ _ _(处于进退两难的境地)答案：in a dilemma4 .donatevt. 捐赠；赠送(回归课本P24)Medical advances ranged from discovering the cau
12、ses of diseases under microscopes to surgical procedures replacing diseased organs with donated ones.医学的进步包括从在显微镜下发现疾病的起因到用捐赠器官替代病变器官这样的外科手术过程。归纳拓展例句探源Last year he donated $1,000 to cancer research.去年他捐了1000美元支持癌症研究。Many people donate blood to the blood bank voluntarily.来源:学#科#网很多人自愿地去血库献血。They made
13、 a generous donation. 他们做了慷慨的捐赠。4It is reported that the government will give all private_to floodstricken areas.来源:学科网ZXXKArelationsBintonationsCdonations Ddominations解析：选C。donation 捐赠(物)；relation 关系；intonation 语调；domination 支配，控制。句意：据报道政府将把所有私人捐赠交给遭受洪灾的地区。5 .correspondv相一致；相联系；通信(回归课本P24).the way
14、we correspond went from writing letters to emailing.我们通信的方式从写信变成发电子邮件。归纳拓展Weve corresponded with each other for years but Ive never actually met him.我们已互相通信多年了，可是我从未见过他本人。Your account of events corresponds with hers.来源:学*科*网你说的情况跟她说的相符。Im sure my actions will correspond with my words.我保证，我将言行一致。例句探源
15、5I used to_my friends by letters while now the Internet is more convenient.Ameet withBcome up withCput up with Dcorrespond with解析：选D。句意：我过去和朋友们靠书信交流，而现在用互联网更方便了。correspond with“与通信”；meet with“碰见”；come up with“提出”；put up with“容忍”。6 .permitvt.允许，准许n许可证(回归课本P27)You are not permitted to work if you are
16、on a student visa.如果你还没有得到学生签证，是不会被允许工作的。归纳拓展(2010年高考天津卷)Please note that，for safety reasons，pushchairs are not permitted in the State Apartments.请注意，由于安全原因，折叠式幼儿小推车是不允许进入国家公寓的。She took the car without permission.她未经许可擅自使用了汽车。例句探源易混辨析permit，allow，let，promise(1)permit 指强调权威性的正式批准。常用句型“permit sb. to d
17、o sth.”或“permit doing sth.”。(2)allow 意为“允许”，暗含有默许，放纵之意。常用句型“allow sb.to do sth.”或“allow doing sth.”。(3)let 指允许或无力阻止某事，暗指对某事采取漠不关心，听之任之的态度。常用句型“let sb. do sth.”。(4)promise 指允诺要干某事。常用句型“promise sb.to do/promise that.”。【温馨提示】可以说allow/ permit sb.to do sth.，不能说allow/permit to do sth.。类似的动词还有：advise, cons
18、ider，forbid 等。(牛津P1478)The password permits access to all files on the hard disk.We dont allow smoking here.He promised that he would turn up on time.Let your body relax.6完成句子来源:Zxxk.Com天气允许的话，我明天过来。Ill come tomorrow_ _ _.Ill come tomorrow，_ _.答案：if weather permits；weather permitting7Before building
19、 a house，you will have to_the governments permission.Aget fromBfollowCreceive Dask for解析：选D。ask for ones permission是固定搭配，意思是“请求某人的允许”。7 .declarevt.宣告，宣布；声明(回归课本P28)NASA declared that a rock from Mars proved.NASA宣称来自火星的一块岩石表明归纳拓展declare sth.宣布某事declare sb./sth.(to be)adj./n. 宣布某人/某物declare off 取消(约定等
20、)declare for/against sb./sth.表示赞成/不赞成某人/某事declare oneself 表明态度；发表意见例句探源(牛津P518)The government has declared a state of emergency.来源:Zxxk.Com政府已宣布进入紧急状态。The judge declared him to be the winner.裁判宣布他获胜。易混辨析announce，declare都有“宣布，公布”之意，但各有侧重。(1)announce指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息。(2)decla
21、re指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。The government announced_that all the war prisoners would be set free.The USA declared war on/against Japan in 1945.8The judges had different ideas about the results，so it was two hours before the final results were _.Acarried outBlet out Cannounced Ddec
22、lared解析：选C。句意：法官们对结果持不同的意见，因此两个小时后才公布最终结果。announce多用于表示所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息；declare多用于宣战、议和等。来源:学&科&网8 .lead to通向，导致；to为介词，后跟名词或动名词来源:学科网(回归课本P30)This invention made it much quicker and easier to reproduce written work and led to the first ever massproduction of books and literature.这项发明使得复制作品变得更省时、
23、省力，从而实现了书籍和文学作品的首次批量生产。归纳拓展lead sb.to do.使某人做lead sb.in doing sth.率领某人做某事lead a simple life过着俭朴的生活in the lead领先take the lead带路；领先under the lead of在指导下have a lead of领先The thieves cut the wires leading to the surveillance cameras.小偷切断了连接监视摄像头的电线。This crisis led to the downfall of the government.这一危机使当
24、时的政府倒台了。His carelessness led to his failure in the exam.他的粗心大意导致他没有通过考试。例句探源9翻译句子Hard work leads to success and failure often lies in laziness._解析：lead to意为“引起，造成，导致”，主语表原因，宾语表结果；lie in则意为“在于”，主语表结果，宾语表原因。答案：辛勤工作通向成功，失败在于懒惰。9 .be about to即将，就要(回归课本P24)Edwin Hubble was about to make astronomys greate
25、st breakthrough of the century.埃德温哈勃即将作出这个世纪天文学上的最重大的突破。易混辨析be about to，be to do sth.，be going to来源:Z+xx+k.Com(1)be about to表示即将要发生的动作，不表示按计划安排的动作，不与at once，immediately或表示将来的时间状语连用。(2)be to do sth.表示按计划或职责、义务要求必须做的事。(3)be going to表示“打算，想要”，也可用来表示很可能发生的事或自然现象；类似的还有be coming，be leaving等。Dont go out no
26、w.We are_about_to have lunch.When is the plan to_be put into practice?Im not going_to tell you the secret as you have a big mouth.10I_when there came a knock at the door.Aam going to bedBjust about to go to bedCwas about to go to bedDhave gone to bed解析：选C。be about to do通常与when引导的从句连用。A、D两项时态不符合题意；而B
27、项句子成分不完整。11When will they leave?They_very soon.Ado leaveBare leavingChave left Dleave解析：选B。come，leave，reach，return，go，start，set out，meet，open，arrive等表示位置移动的动词，通常用其进行式与表示未来的时间副词连用，表示近期将要发生的事情。句型梳理来源:Zxxk.Com1【教材原句】By the year 2015, the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that w
28、ill remain stainless no_matter_what you spill on them.(P20)到2015年，服装业将生产出各种新型布料，无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污渍。【句法分析】no matter what“无论什么” 在句中引导让步状语从句。He sticks by his beliefs no matter what happened.不管发生什么事，他都坚持自己的信念。No matter who you are，you have no right to do that.来源:Zxxk.Com不管你是谁，你都无权那样做。No matter how hard
29、 he tried，I still have no visualization of his design.无论他怎么努力说明，我还是想像不出他的设计到底是什么样子。【温馨提示】no matter what/who/which只能引导让步状语从句，whatever/whoever/whichever既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句，引导让步状语从句时两者可互换。No matter what you do，you should try your best.Whatever you do，you should try your best.不管做什么，你都应当尽力。Take whatever
30、 you want.你要什么就拿什么吧。12_team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.ANo matter whatBNo matter whichCWhatever DWhichever解析：选D。whichever修饰名词team引导一个主语从句。2【教材原句】 It measured 100_feet_long_by_over_10_feet_high_and_weighed_over_30_tonnes.(P25)它长100英尺，高10多英尺，重30多吨。【句法分析】英语中，表示事物的长、宽
31、、高、面积、年龄等，有以下句型：(1)主语be数量词形容词(long/wide/high/tall/heavy/old/large.)。(2)主语be数量词in名词(length/width/height/weight/age/size/area.)。(3)主语have/hasa名词(length/width/height/weight/age/size/area.)of数量词。(4)The名词(length/width/height/weight/age/size/area)of sb./sth.be数量词。这根绳子长10米。The rope is ten metres long.The rope is ten metres in length.The rope has a length of ten metres.The length of the rope is ten metres.13翻译句子(用两种结构翻译)这棵树有5米高。(1)_(2)_答案：(1)The tree is 5 metres in height.(2)The tree has a height of 5 metres
