1、内 容 索 引走近新课 一起感知语法探究 一起思考随堂练习走近新课 一起感知语法感知写出画线部分所做的句子成分1.The girl will manage to make up for the lost time.2.Located in the centre of the city,the park is often crowded with people.3.When he hurried to the office,he found his desk removed.4.Personally speaking,Im satisfied with my present job.5.I do
2、nt know the girl dressed in a red coat.定语状语宾语补足语表语定语语法探究 一起思考词汇讲解1.Unfortunately,elephants are endangered in Thailand,but special parkshave been set up to protect their safety and freedom.(Page 16)不幸的是,泰国的大象濒临灭绝,但是已经建立了一些专门的公园来保护它们的安全和自由。freedom n.自由;不受影响的状态【高考典句】(2019全国高考)That freedom to choose is
3、one reason more people like to eat alone.选择的自由是更多人喜欢独自吃饭的一个原因。Young people today have more freedom to live where they want.现在的年轻人有更多的自由住在他们想住的地方。【合作探究】读一读细观察阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体词的词性、结构、词组和含义As many as five courses are provided,and you are free to choose whicheversuits you best.结构 be free to do sth含义 自由做某事I
4、 worked for free for a non-profit organisation.词组 for free含义 免费The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely freefrom dust.词组 free from含义 不受影响的;没有的It was several weeks before he was completely free of pain.词组 free of含义 不受伤害(或影响等)的Set your imagination free when you think abo
5、ut the future.词组 set.free含义 使获得自由;释放Dont let the children run freely on the road.词性 副词含义 自由地;无拘束地说一说勤归纳freedom n.自由;不受影响的状态the freedom to do sth 做某事的自由be free to do sth 自由做某事for free 免费free from 不受影响的;没有的free of 不受伤害(或影响等)的set.free 使获得自由;释放freely adv.自由地;无拘束地【即学即用】单句语法填空My parents gave me total free
6、dom(do)whatever I liked.You are free(come)and go as you please.The traffic is moving quite(free)this morning.to doto comefreely完成句子他打开笼子,把鸟放了出去。He opened the cage and.我们想给所有的孩子们一个没有暴力的世界。We want to give all children a world.set the bird freefree from violence2.Visitors can see these amazing creature
7、s in their natural domain,andalso sponsor an elephant to preserve its health and liberty.(Page 16)游客们可以在它们的自然领地里看到这些令人惊讶的动物,还可以赞助大象以保护其健康和自由。sponsor vt.倡议;赞助;主办The exhibition was sponsored by the Society of Culture.这个展览会是由文化协会赞助举行的。The rich man often sponsors some important events.这个有钱人经常赞助一些重要的活动。【
8、合作探究】读一读细观察阅读下面的句子,写出句中黑体词的词性和含义Our company is a sponsor of the Olympics.词性 名词含义 赞助者【即学即用】单句语法填空This is an activity(sponsor)by some famous businessmen.Id like to meet the person(sponsor)the sports meeting last week.完成句子我不知道他赞助这个典礼的原因。I dont know the reason.sponsoredsponsoringwhy he sponsored the cer
9、emony语法讲解知识脉络语法精讲过去分词过去分词在句子中可以做定语、状语、宾语补足语和表语。一、过去分词做定语1.意义:及物动词的过去分词做定语往往表示被动和完成;不及物动词的过去分词做定语不表示被动,只表示完成。a lighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛the risen sun升起的太阳2.位置:单个的过去分词做定语时,通常放在所修饰词的前面;过去分词短语做定语时,通常放在所修饰词的后面,其作用相当于一个定语从句。The volunteers pay a regular visit to the retired teachers.这些志愿者定期去看望那些退休的教师。I dont l
10、ike the novel written by that young girl.=I dont like the novel which/that was written by that young girl.我不喜欢那个小女孩写的小说。记一记长知识动词-ing形式做定语和过去分词做定语的区别:动词-ing形式表示主动;过去分词表示被动。The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2019.位于街道角落的那所房子是2019年建成的。They will make full use of the recycled mat
11、erials.他们会充分利用那些回收材料。动词-ing形式表示动作正在进行;过去分词表示动作已经完成。【即学即用】单句语法填空The police will come soon to take away the(damage)car.Id like you to look at a study(conduct)in Australia in 2012.The man promised to take good care of the children(injure)in the accident.The mother wanted to see the young girl(dance)on
12、the stage.He decided to have a talk with the boy(mention)in the article.damagedconductedinjureddancingmentioned二、过去分词做状语过去分词做状语,表示被动或完成的动作,这时句子的主语和过去分词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。过去分词通常在句中做时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语、方式状语和伴随状语等。(1)过去分词做时间状语,在句中相当于一个时间状语从句。Asked about his address(=When he was asked about his address),the bo
13、y didnt respond.当问及他的地址时,这个男孩没有作答。(2)过去分词做原因状语,在句中相当于一个原因状语从句。Annoyed at the decision(=As he was annoyed at the decision),he refused to attend the meeting.由于对这个决定感到生气,他拒绝参加会议。(3)过去分词做条件状语,在句中相当于一个条件状语从句。Given more time(=If they were given more time),the trees could grow taller.如果再多给一点时间,这些树会长得更高。(4)
14、过去分词做让步状语,在句中相当于一个让步状语从句。Though warned of the storm(=Though they had been warned of the storm),the farmers were still working in the fields.尽管被警告过有暴风雨,农民们仍然在田地里劳作。(5)过去分词做方式或伴随状语时,常可转换为并列分句。Followed by a group of students,the teacher entered the classroom.=The teacher entered the classroom and he wa
15、s followed by a group of students.老师走进教室,后面跟着一群学生。注意 过去分词做状语时,前面有时可以加上when,if,while,though,even if,until,unless等连词,这种结构可以看作是一种省略的状语从句(省略部分多为“主语+be”)。需要注意的是,省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同或主语为it。Even if invited(=Even if Im invited),I wont take part in the party.即使受到邀请,我也不会参加那个聚会。记一记长知识动词-ing形式也可以做状语,与过去分词做状语最主要的区别如下
16、:动词-ing形式做状语时,动词-ing形式所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。The girl went out,shutting the door behind her.女孩出去后将门随手关上。过去分词做状语时,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。Faced with difficulties,you must try to overcome them.在遇到困难时,你必须设法去克服。【即学即用】完成句子受到老师的批评,那些天这个男孩非常难过。,the boy was in low spirits those days.由于在事故中受伤了,这个运动员只能退出
17、比赛。,the player had to drop out of the match.从远处看,这座山看起来像一头大象。,the mountain looks like an elephant.Criticised by the teacherInjured in the accidentSeen from a distance这个男孩坐在操场上,陷入了沉思。The boy was sitting on the playground,.大风吹走了好土壤,只剩下了沙子。The strong wind blew away good soil,.lost in thoughtleaving onl
18、y sand三、过去分词做宾语补足语过去分词做宾语补足语用于以下几种情况:(1)用于表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)之后。如:see,watch,observe,look at,hear,listen to,feel,notice,think,find等。I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。He found his hometown greatly changed.他发现他的家乡变化很大。(2)用于表示“致使”意义的动词之后。如:have,make,get,keep,leave等。He got his tooth pulled out
19、yesterday.他昨天把牙拔了。(3)“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,过去分词做宾语补足语,该结构通常表示时间、方式、条件、原因等。With water heated,we can see the steam.水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气。【即学即用】完成句子他进入房间时,发现窗户破了。When he entered the room,he.你做饭时,我去让人修自行车。Ill while you are cooking.found the window brokenhave my bike fixed我们必须使老板知道这里发生的事情。We must
20、 of whats happening here.她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他。She stood in front of him,.我进入屋子时,注意到我的旧床被换掉了。When I entered the room,I noticed.keep the boss informedwith her eyes fixed on himmy old bed changed四、过去分词做表语过去分词做表语时,用在be,become,get,feel,look,seem等系动词之后,表示主语的特点或状态。Im frightened of walking home alone in the dark.我
21、害怕在黑夜单独走路回家。All of them were very surprised at the news.他们都对这个消息感到很惊讶。注意 过去分词做表语与被动语态的区别用作表语的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态;被动语态则表示动作,绝大多数被动结构中的行为的执行者还可以用by短语来表示。This glass is broken.(过去分词做表语)这块玻璃是破的。This window was broken by Kate yesterday.(被动语态)这窗户是凯特昨天打破的。【即学即用】单句语法填空Hearing the news,he became very sad and(di
22、sappoint).Facing the puzzling situation,the sales manager looked(puzzle).She looks(worry)these days.What do you think has happened to her?disappointedpuzzledworried随堂练习一、选词填空1.(Heating/Heated)to a high temperature,water will change into vapour.答案:Heated2.(Given/Giving)more encouragement,the girl cou
23、ld have behaved better.答案:Given3.The contribution(made/making)by the old scientist to our country really astonished us.答案:made4.The ceremony(held/holding)by a charity attracted a large number of people yesterday.答案:held5.I had my leg(broken/breaking)when I got off the bus.答案:broken6.The next thing h
24、e saw was smoke(rising/risen)from behind the house.答案:rising7.Claire had her luggage(checked/checking)an hour before her plane left.答案:checked8.From their expression,I could tell that the lecture was really(puzzling/puzzled).答案:puzzling二、翻译句子1.The trees planted by the old man grew very well.答案:老人种的树
25、长得很好。2.The man speaking to the teacher is our monitors father.答案:和老师说话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。3.When I got there,I saw the scientist surrounded by some students.答案:我到那里时,我看到那位科学家被一些学生围着。4.In their spare time,they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden.答案:在他们的空闲时间,他们对在花园里种菜感兴趣。5.Compared with you,your sister is more willing to help others.答案:和你相比,你的姐姐更愿意帮助别人。6.The young man rushed upstairs,followed by the old servant.答案:这个年轻人冲到楼上,后面跟着那位老仆人。
