1、Revise the InfinitiveMarty says 2.Then I started to get weaker and weaker,1.Unfortunately,the doctors dont know how to make me better,but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.3.Even after all that,no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the futur
2、e holds.Sentences from this unit:4.Sometimes,too,I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered.6.My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.Marty says 5.I am happy to have found many things I can do,like writing and computer programming.Marty says 7.La
3、st year I invented and a big company has decided to buy it from me.8.I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.10.Just accept them for who they are,and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.9.To look after my pets properly takes a lot of
4、time 不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。不定式动词不定式的作用Functions of Infinitive 1 主语(subject)2 表语(predicative)3 宾语(object)4 宾补(object complement)5 定语(attribute)6 状语(adverbial)7 独立结构(absolute construction
5、)一、不定式作主语(subject)To keep smiling is healthy for you.Its important to look up the new words in the dictionary when you study English.单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式后置。My job to protect the world.Your task is to _.is二、不定式作表语(predicative)Seeing is to believe.To see is believing.Seeing is belie
6、ving.To see is to believe.不定式常用在系动词 be,seem,appear,get,remain等后作表语。All you have to do is(to)finish the job quickly.如果主语部分有个表示不定式内容的do,用作表语的不定式可省略to。Jeremy Lin likes to playbasketball.The girl decided to do it herself.We hope to get there before dark.三、不定式作宾语(object)常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree,afford,appear
7、,ask,attempt,care,choose,claim,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,expect,fail,get,hate,hesitate,hope,hurry,intend,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,threaten,want,wish四、不定式作宾补(object complement)My mum asks me to play the pianotwo hours every day.The teacher told me to
8、 clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.引导不定式作宾补的动词：warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等+sb.to do sth.notice listen to hearwatch 五看 seelook at observe三使letmakehave二听一感觉:feel+sb.do sth.（不带to）1.They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree.The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.当以上的
9、动词用于被动式，to要还原：2.Mother made John wash the car for a week.John was made to wash the car for a week.不定式做宾补时不带to的情况1 不定式在感官动词(feel,hear,listen to,watch,look at,notice,observe)后；2 使役动词(let,have,make)后边作宾补时,省去to,但是在被动语态中要还原to；3 不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to。1)She co
10、uld do nothing but cry.2)I have no choice but to go.3)What do you like to do besides sleep.五、不定式作定语(attribute)1.Kate is looking for a suitable coat to wear.2.Tom has a nice pen to write with.1.不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后(a)She was very busy and had no timeto visit her friends.(b)Ladies and gentlemen,I hav
11、e something important to tell you.不定式作定语不定式作定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。He is always the first to come.他总是第一个来。We all have a chance to go to college.我们都有上大学的机会。(1)动宾关系(2)主谓关系(3)同位关系2.当被the first,the last,the only等词以及形容词最高级修饰时eg:She is always the first to come and the last to
12、leave.3.something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。eg:Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.注意比较：1)Have you anything to send?你有什么东西要寄吗？2)Have you anything to be sent?你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？（不定式to send的动作执行者是you）（不定式to be sent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someone else）5.如果不定式是不及物动词,则后面需适当的介词。P
13、lease pass me some paper to write _.on4.也可用在have to do和there be句型中。There is no one to take care of her.I have no jewelry to wear.I got up early to _.You came here to _.in order to,so as to,enough to,only to,too.tocatch the train六、不定式作状语(adverbial)在一些短语中也有体现eg:He spoke loudly(so as/in order)to be hea
14、rd.1)表示目的:to in order to so as to不定式作状语2)表示原因:不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel,disappointed等。eg:Im glad/pleased to see you.We were surprised to hear the news.so+adj./adv.+as to do such+n.+as to do adj./adv.+enough+to dotoo+adv./adj.+
15、to do He was so foolish as to believe it.=He was such a fool as to believe it.=He was foolish enough to believe it.3)结果状语:To tell the truth,I am not happy at the moment.to be frank to be honest to tell the truth七、独立结构(absolute construction)1.It is good to help others.2.It is my ambition to make sure
16、 that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings.3.My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up.Identify its function.(subject)(subject)(predicative)想一想4.I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.5.I am the only student in my class to
17、have a pet snake.6.A big company has decided to buy it from me.7.My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am.(attribute)(attribute)(object)(object)8.I have had to work hard to live a normal life.9.Some days I am too tired to get out of bed.10.We must call on local government to give fina
18、ncial assistance to disabled people.(adverbial)(adverbial)(object complement)动词不定式的时态和语态时 态主 动被 动一般时进行时完成时完成进行时to doto have doneto be doingto have been doingto be doneto have beendone(1)They pretended not to see us.(2)He pretended to be sleeping.(3)She pretended to have known it before.(一般时表示与谓语的动作同
19、时/几乎/发生在它之后。)(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行。)(完成时表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。)(4)Were happy to have been working with you.(完成进行时表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续。)不定式的时态不定式的一般时 to doI am glad to see you.He has decided to give her some money.表示的动作通常与谓语所表示的动作或状态同时或者几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。不定式的进行时 to be doingI am very glad to be wor
20、king with you.He pretended to be working hardwhen his boss passed him.表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。不定式的完成时 to have doneHe happened to have seen the film before.The novel is believed to have been translated into Chinese.不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作或状态之前。He wanted to have met you at the airport,but he didnt get there in
21、 time.表示过去没有实现的期待或者计划hoped,promised,wanted,wished,expected,planned He would like to have played theviolin at the concert.不定式的完成时在would like后边表示未能实现的愿望。不定式的语态主动语态 to do 被动语态 to be doneIt is an honor for me to be invited to attend the meeting.Everyone likes the hero to be praised.1.prefer n.(doing)to
22、n.(doing)2.prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.3.would rather do4.would rather+句子（虚拟语气）5.advise/allow/permit/forbid sb.to do advise/allow/permit/forbid doing固定词组和句型几对易混淆的词组：stop to do sth.停下来去做某事doing sth.停止做某事forget to do sth.忘记去做某事doing sth.忘记已做了某事remember to do sth.记得去做某事doing sth.记得曾经做某事 The que
23、stion is very difficult to answer.The problem is difficult to deal with.1.主语+be+adj.+to do 能用于此句型的形容词有:difficult,easy,comfortable,fit,hard,pleasant,tiresome(使人疲劳的),interesting,nice,heavy,dangerous,light,important,etc.主动形式表被动意义的不定式The box is light enough to carry.The river water is warm enough toswim
24、 in.2.主语+be+adj.+enough+to do The books seemed too heavy to carry.The ice is too thin to skate on.3.主语+be+too+adj.+to do1.Last summer I took a course on _.A.how to make dresses B.how dresses be made C.how to be made dresses D.how dresses to be made2.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ i
25、n my new job.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects3.There are five pairs _,but I am at a loss which to buy.A to be chosen B to choose from C to choose D for choosing4.I find these problems are easy _.A.to be worked out B.to work them out C.to work out D.to be worked them out5._ late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having slept6.Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job.A.so not as to B.so as not to C.so as to not D.not so as to7.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating
