1、怎么考1.代词的辨析；2.某些代词的特殊用法，如：anything but“根本不是”；3.语法填空及短文改错中。怎么学在平时的学习中注意：1.替代词that(those)，one(ones)和it的区别；2.不定代词all，both，either，any，neither，none的区别；3.不定代词the other，other，another，others的区别；4.it的用法。尤其在阅读中体会。怎么解1.语境提示法；2.牢记代词的基本用法和特殊用法。.体验考向1.(2015重庆卷，2)The meeting will be held in September，but _ knows th
2、e date for sure.A.everybody B.nobodyC.anybody D.somebody答案B考查代词。句意：会议将在九月召开，但是没人知道具体日期。句中的 but表转折，根据句意可知应选nobody。2.(2015浙江卷，12)How would you like _ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?A.them B.oneC.those D.it答案D考查代词辨析。句
3、意：如果你正在看最喜爱的电视节目，这时有人进来没有征求你的意见就把电视关了，你会怎么想？固定表达how would you like it if.，在此结构中it代替后面if从句的内容。3.(2015陕西卷，13)To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against _.A.another B.the otherC.other D.either答案B考查代词。句意：为了让自己暖和起来，这个水手坐在火堆旁，光着脚，用一只脚搓另一只脚。表示“两者中的一个另一个”用one.the other
4、.。4.(2015天津卷，21)The quality of education in this small school is better than _ in some larger schools.A.that B.oneC.itD.this答案A考查代词辨析。句意：这所规模较小的学校的教育质量比一些规模较大的学校的教育质量好得多。表示比较时，指代前面的the quality of education要用that。one与that虽可用来指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a/an名词；that为特指，相当于the名词。one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a/an/some/any；tha
5、t所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the/this/that。5.(2015福建卷，21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey，but _ contained any useful suggestions.A.all B.noneC.either D.neither答案D句意：这个研究组发布了以这个调查为基础的两个报道，但是都没有有用的建议。根据题干中的two reports和but可知，此处表示“两者都不”，所以用neither。6.(2014重庆卷，1)A smile costs _，but gives much.
6、A.anything B.somethingC.nothing D.everything答案C考查不定代词用法。句意：微笑虽然不用花费什么，但意义却是巨大的。由此可知C项符合句意。7.(2014福 建 卷，21)In some countries，people eat with chopsticks，while in _，knives and forks.A.another B.others C.both D.all答案B考查代词。句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃饭，然而在另一些国家，人们用刀子和叉子。Some.others是固定用法，意思是“一些另一些”。故选B项。8.(2014浙江卷，3)A
7、n average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year，making _ the driest year since California became a state in 1850.A.each B.it C.this D.one答案B考查代词。句意：去年的平均降雨量仅为18.75厘米，成为自从1850年加利福尼亚建州以来最为干旱的一年。逗号后面的making.为结果状语，用it作宾语，the driest year作宾补，这是make的惯用法。9.(2014江西卷，32)When shall I call，in the morning or a
8、fternoon?_.Ill be in all day.A.Any B.None C.Neither D.Either 答案D考查代词用法。根据“in the morning or afternoon”可将A、B两项排除。又由下文“我全天都在家里。”可知答案非D莫属。10.(2014江 苏 卷，34)Good families are much to all their members，but _ to none.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing答案C考查不定代词。句意：好的家庭对他们所有的成员都意味着很多，但对谁也不意味着全部。根据
9、语境中much说明意味着很多，很重要，但是“but”告诉我们家庭不是一切，与后文中的to none形成部分否定之意。11.(2014陕西卷，21)Id appreciate _ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.A.it B.you C.one D.this答案A考查it的用法。句意：如果你能提前告诉我你来不来，我将非常感激。Id appreciate it if you could.为固定句型，it代指if引导的从句。12.(2014四川卷，1)Shed lived in London and M
10、anchester，but she liked _ and moved to Cambridge.A.both B.neither C.none D.either答案B考查代词用法。题干的意思是“她在伦敦和曼彻斯特都住过，可是这两座城市她都不喜欢，就搬到剑桥去了。”由此意可知要用neither(两者都不)。13.(2014安徽卷，24)You can ask anyone for help._ here is willing to lend you a hand.A.One B.No one C.Everyone D.Someone答案C考查不定代词。句意：你可以向任何一个人求助。在这里的每一
11、个人都会给予你帮助。根据句意应选C。14.(2014山东卷，4)Susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.A.that B.this C.it D.her 答案C考查代词。句意：苏珊向我清楚地表达了她希望过自己的新生活。此处it作形式宾语，that从句作真正的宾语，故选C项。其他三项不能做形式宾语。15.(2014大纲版全国卷，25)Whos that at the door?_ is the milkman.A.He B.It C.This D.That 答案B考查情景交际。句意：是谁在门口？
12、是送牛奶的人。在不知道说话人性别时，用it作人称代词。故选B。.语境感悟完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵，体会代词的用法。Helping _1_ other is a good habit，_2_ I learnt at an early age.One day，Bob，a friend of _3_，felt sick and needed to be sent to hospital，but _4_ of his colleagues wanted to do that.When I heard that，I knew _5_ was no use arguing with them，and
13、_6_ I could do was to give him a hand.After he felt better，I said to him，“_7_ can equal health，and hed better look after _8_.”I promised I would come again _9_ day.To my joy，I earned the trust of my friends and then _10_ of his colleagues.答案1.eacheach other相互代词。2.one替代词的用法。one指代前面出现的那类事物中的“一个”，其复数形式
14、为ones。3.mine名词性物主代词作宾语。4.nonenonenot any表示全部否定。可构成none of.结构。5.itit作形式宾语或主语，也可以指代前面出现过的同一个人或物。6.allall指三者或三者以上，与not连用时，表示“部分否定”。7.Nothing复合不定代词。8.himself反身代词。9.another可单独使用，也可修饰名词。10.that可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词(相当于the one)。.正反探究1.【误】To save class time，our teacher has our students do half of the exerc
15、ise in class and complete the other half for our homework.【正】To save class time，our teacher has us students do half of the exercise in class and complete the other half for our homework.解析根据our teacher可知说话人是学生，us与students是同位语。has是动词，后需要跟宾语，故用us。2.【误】The protection of our environment is not anything
16、to be left to the government.Everyone should be concerned.【正】The protection of our environment is not something to be left to the government.Everyone should be concerned.解析something 在此处表示“某事，某物”，即环境保护的事情不能全部留给政府。3.【误】I like if you help me do the work.【正】I like it if you help me do the work.解析like，ha
17、te，appreciate等词后加it才能跟宾语从句。4.你没有必要惊慌【误】It is no need for you to panic.【正】It is not necessary for you to panic.【正】There is no need for you to panic.考点确认常考代词的基本用法1.指示代词this，that，these，those，such，so的用法指示代词用法this/these指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物；this可指下文将要谈到的人或物that/those指在时间或空间上较远的人或事物；that可指上文提到过的人或物such 指代前面所叙述的
18、人或事物。作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于后面的名词或代词的数so代替一个句子或短语所表达的事情，意思是“如此，这样”。在believe，think，expect，suppose，imagine，guess等词后用so代替前文提出的观点What I want to say is this：you should grasp every minute to finish your work.我想说的是，你应该抓住每一分钟的时间完成你的工作。Such is the power of the TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.这就是电视的力量，它
19、可以使人一夜成名。2.one，ones，the one，the ones，that，those，it代替代词时的区别替代词用法one替代上文单数可数名词，表泛指，同类不同一，相当于“a/an单数名词”onesone的复数形式。替代上文出现的名词复数，表泛指，同类不同一the one替代上文出现的可数名词单数，表特指，同类不同一，相当于“the单数名词”the onesthe one的复数形式。替代上文出现的复数名词，表特指(有后置定语时相当于those)，同类不同一that替代上文出现的单数可数名词或不可数名词，表特指，同类不同一，相当于“the单数可数名词/不可数名词”。一般不和冠词连用，其
20、后总有修饰语thosethat的复数形式。替代上文出现的复数名词(尤其是有后置定语时)，表特指，同类不同一it替代上文提到的“同一”事物。不能带任何修饰语The train was crowded so we decided to catch a later one.这趟火车太挤了，所以我们决定乘坐下一班。His own experience was different from that of his friends.他自己的体会和朋友们的体会不同。I love the springit is a wonderful time of the year.我喜欢春天这是一年中一段美妙的时节。Th
21、e books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.桌子上面的书比桌子下面的书要好。3.疑问词what的用法(1)what常用于询问他人的职业、外貌、性格特征等。You have met our new teacher.What does he look like?你已经见过我们的新老师了。他长什么样子？4.不定代词的用法不定代词用法each/both/alleach指“(两者或两者以上物或人中的)每个”；both表示“两者都”；all指“(三者或三者以上物或人中的)所有，全部”either/neithereith
22、er表示“(两者中的)任何一个”；neither表示“两者都不”none/nothingnone表示“(三者或三者以上)全无，没有一点”；nothing表示“没有任何东西，没有事”anotheranother泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一，又一”other/othersother泛指“其余的，另外的”，只作定语。other复数名词othersthe other/the othersthe other特指“(两者之中的)另一个”。the other可数名词复数the othersfew，a fewfew表示“很少人(或事物、地方)”，a few表示“有些(人、事物、地方)；一些”，指代复数名词
23、little，a littlelittle表示“不多的”，a little表示“少量的，一些”，指代不可数名词many/muchmany表示“许多”，指代可数名词复数；much表示“许多”，指代不可数名词5.it的用法(1)指时间、距离、天气、日期、温度等。Its early spring，but it is already hot.现在是初春，但是天气已经很热了。(2)指代前面提到过的事物、群体、想法等或代替指示代词this，that。Although he didnt like it，I decided to see the movie anyway.尽管他不喜欢这部电影，我还是决定去看一
24、看。(3)当说话者弄不清对方是谁，不清楚或没必要知道说话对象的性别时，可以用it来指代。What will you call it if it is a boy?要是男孩的话，你会给他取个什么名字？(4)作形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或名词性从句。It is dangerous for you to swim in the river.你在这条河里游泳是危险的。(it作形式主语，to swim in the river是真正的主语)He didnt make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.他没说清楚何时何地举行会议
25、。(it作形式宾语，从句when and where.是真正的宾语)【归纳总结】常用it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式：It is a pity/shame that.真可惜/丢人It is no wonder that.难怪It seems/appears that.似乎/看来It looks/seems as if/though.看起来好像It happens that.碰巧It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb that.某人突然想起It is said/reported/announced/believed/hoped/suggested that.据说
26、/据报道/据宣布/人们认为/人们希望/人们建议It is no use/good doing sth做某事没有用/好处It takes sb some time to do sth做某事花费某人多长时间It is certain that.是一定的主语表示情感倾向的动词(enjoy，prefer，love，like，hate，dislike，appreciate等)itthat/if/when.(5)用于强调句型“It is/was被强调部分that/who.”Johns success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work that has made him what he is today.约翰的成功和好运气没关系，是多年的努力工作才使他有了今天。
