1、Unit 1Lights,camera,action!Grammar and usage&Integrated skills 要点精研探究学习1.adapt vt.改编,改写;使适应 vi.适应*This new film is said to be adapted from a novel by Jane Austen.据说这部新影片是根据简奥斯汀的一部小说改编的。*They are trying to adapt this novel for a TV play.他们正在试图把这部小说改编成电视剧。*You should adapt to the changing situation.你应
2、该适应不断变化的形势。*To all of you,fresh students,how to adapt yourself to the new environment is the first thing that you have to face.新生同学们,对你们来说,如何使自己适应新的环境是必须要面对的首要问题。【词块积累】(1)adapt sth.from 根据改编某物be adapted for为而改写/改编(2)adapt oneself to使某人自己适应adapt.to.使适应adapt to适合;适应【即学活用】(1)语法填空。We must adapt our thin
3、king _ the new conditions.Three of her novels have been adapted _ television.(2)Im sorry to hear that you are having trouble _in America,but this situation can be easily changed if you take my advice.很遗憾听到你在适应美国新的学校生活方面遇到困难,但如果你听我的建议,这种情况很容易改变。toforadapting to your new school life2.regard vt.将认为,看待;
4、注视*We should regard failure as a road leading to success.我们应该把失败看作通向成功的道路。*Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures in the world.林肯被认为是世界上最鼓舞人心的人物之一。*I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.至于她是否适合这个职位,我无可奉告。*The companys position with regard to working overtime
5、 is made clear in their contracts.公司关于加班的立场在合同中有明确说明。【词块积累】(1)regard sb.as把当作,把看作as regards关于,至于(2)regard n.注意,关心,敬佩with/in regard to关于,至于have regard for敬佩(3)regarding prep.关于【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Nowadays,cycling _(regard)as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.Diplomatic communication aims at avoid
6、ing a major conflict _(regard)the islands.(2)He was driving _speed limits.他开着车,根本不理会速度限制。(3)I _his abilities.我非常敬佩他的能力。is regardedregardingwithout regard tohave great regard for3.cure n.药物,疗法;治疗 vt.治好*There is no known cure but the illness can be treated.这种病还没有确切的治愈方法,但可以医治。*There is still no cure f
7、or a cold.还没有治疗感冒的特效药。*The fresh air and exercise cured him of his sleeplessness,which made him feel relieved.新鲜空气和锻炼治好了他的失眠,这令他感到欣慰。【词块积累】a cure for sth.医治某种病的疗法cure sb.of sth.治愈某人的病;改掉某人的坏习惯【小词汇大文化】Prevention is better than cure.预防优于补救;防患于未然是上策。【知识延伸】常见的“动词+sb.+of+sth.”结构还有:remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事
8、warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事cheat sb.of sth.欺骗某人某事【即学活用】语法填空。(1)There is no cure _ the disease,although drugs can slow down its rate of development.(2)Now doctors believe they have cured him _ the disease.forof4.typical adj.典型的,有代表性的*Before the nineteenth century,
9、the typical American family lived on a small farm.19世纪以前,这个典型的美国家庭住在一个小农场里。*She has tried to describe a man who is typical of New York.她试图描述一个典型的纽约人。*It is typical of students to stay up reading till late night before the final exam.在期末考试前,学生们经常看书到深夜。【词块积累】(1)be typical of sb./sth.是的特点It is typical
10、of sb.to do sth.某人一向(2)typically adv.典型地;有代表性地;一向如此【名师点津】句型It is typical of sb.to do sth.可以转换为“Typically,+句子”的形式。*Its typical of her to be late for class.Typically,she is late for class.她一向上课爱迟到。【巧学助记】At first,fever is typical of the disease,but it typically takes several weeks to appear.起初,发烧是该病的典型
11、症状,但通常需要几个星期才能出现。【即学活用】(1)This pattern of woods and fields _the English landscape.这是具有典型英格兰风景特征的树林与田野。(2)_aroma of ice wine.这是典型的冰酒的香味。(3)_,she couldnt find her keys.她果然又找不着自己的钥匙了。is typical ofIt is the typicalTypically5.recommend vt.推荐,举荐;劝告,建议*(2019北京高考)He recommended that she do some research and
12、 talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.他建议她做一些研究,并与牙医讨论更健康的糖果应该包含哪些成分。*Can you recommend a good dentist to me?你能向我推荐一个好的牙医吗?*I recommend him as chairman of Students Union.我推荐他担任学生会主席。*I recommend buying this dictionary.=I recommend you to buy this dictionary.我建议你买这本词典。*We respe
13、ctfully request customers to follow social distancing recommended by public health officials.我们非常有礼貌地请求顾客遵守公共卫生官员建议的保持社交距离的要求。【词块积累】(1)recommend sth.to sb.向某人推荐某物recommend sb.as.推荐某人担任recommend doing sth.建议做某事recommend sb.to do sth.推荐某人做某事recommend that.=It is recommended that.建议(2)recommendation n.
14、推荐,建议【名师点津】recommend后接从句时,从句谓语动词要用(should)do结构。【熟词生义】I recommended my child to her care.我把孩子托付给她照顾。()vt.托付【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Her sister recommended him _(learn)the piano.I highly recommended her _ your secretary.He recommended _(read)the book before seeing the movie.(2)Teachers _their children under 12 t
15、o ride bicycles to school for safety.为了安全,老师们建议父母不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。to learnasreadingrecommend parents not allow6.The new film uses much more advanced technologynot only the animals but also the jungle is digitally created.这部新电影使用了更先进的技术不仅是动物,还有丛林都是用数字技术创作的。【句式解构】(1)句中“not only.but also.”意为“不仅,而且”,其中
16、but后的also可以省略。*The dog is not only a pet,but also it is our friend.狗不仅是宠物,而且是我们的朋友。*(2020江苏高考)There,he not only did well as a student but also became an accomplished public speaker.在那里,他不仅是一名出色的学生,而且成了一名出色的公众演说家。(2)not only.but(also).连接的两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的人称与数遵循“就近原则”。*Not only the local people but als
17、o the expert was brave enough to fight with the flood.不但当地人而且这个专家都勇敢地和洪水抗争。(3)not only.but(also).连接两个并列分句,且not only位于句首时,not only所在的分句需使用部分倒装。*Not only does the sun give us light,but also it gives us heat.太阳给我们提供光与热。【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Not only _ the position of the earth changing but the earth itself is
18、undergoing change.Not only the students but also the teacher _(be)against the plan.(2)She _to get good scores,_a good friend and always gives me advice on life.她不仅帮助我取得好成绩,而且还是我的好朋友,总是给我生活上的建议。iswasnot only helps mebut also acts as(3)The British and the Americans _the same language,_a large number o
19、f social customs.英国人和美国人不但语言相同,而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。not only speakbut(also)share【要点拾遗】narrow adj.狭窄的;勉强的;狭隘的vt.&vi.(使)窄小,缩小*Tourists can stand on a narrow glass platform to see the Grand Canyon.游客可以站在一个狭窄的玻璃平台上观赏大峡谷。*Parents and children should communicate more to narrow the gap between them so that they ca
20、n understand each other better.父母和孩子应该多沟通,缩小他们之间的代沟,这样他们才能更好地理解对方。*He had a narrow escape when his car skidded on the ice.他的车在冰上打滑时,他侥幸逃脱。*The man narrowly escaped death when a fire broke out in his home on Sunday morning.周日早上,这名男子在家中发生火灾,险些丧命。【词块积累】(1)have a narrow escape死里逃生,险些遇险a narrow victory/d
21、efeat险胜/惜败(2)narrow the gap缩小差距(3)narrowly adv.勉强地;狭隘地【即学活用】(1)The doorway was _we had to walk sideways.门口太窄了,我们只好横着走。(2)Two police officers _when separatists attacked their vehicles.分裂主义者袭击他们的车辆时,两名警官死里逃生。so narrow thathad a narrow escape语法精讲深化学习主谓一致【情境探究】观察上面对话,并完成下面句子。(1)The Chinese people _ brav
22、e and hard-working.(2)What we need _ good textbooks.(3)The family as well as their dog _ trapped on the roof by the flood yesterday.arearewere【要义详析】句子主语和谓语动词在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致,这叫主谓一致。一般情况下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。一、语法一致原则 此原则是指在语法形式上取得一致,谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。1.可数名词单数、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、动名词短
23、语或从句作主语及表示时间、金钱、度量衡等概念的名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。*This picture looks beautiful.这张图画看起来很漂亮。*To see is to believe.眼见为实。*Reading aloud is very important in learning English.学习英语时大声朗读非常重要。*When they could finish the task is not known yet.他们何时能完成任务还未知。*Ten dollars is the price for that hat.那顶帽子的价格是十美元。【名师点津】what
24、引导的主语从句充当主语时,有时要以what所指代的词的意义来决定谓语动词的数。*What he said is true.他所说的是真的。*What we need are more volunteers.我们所需要的是更多的志愿者。2.由连接词and或both.and连接的名词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及句子作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。*Both eggs and milk are good for your health.鸡蛋和牛奶都对你的健康有好处。*Jogging and swimming are beneficial to our health.慢跑和游泳都对我们的健康有益。
25、【名师点津】(1)and连接的两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。*The writer and poet was dead yesterday.那位作家兼诗人昨天去世了。(同一个人,注意poet前无冠词。)(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no,each,every,many a等修饰,谓语动词要用单数。*All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻。*Every hour and every minute is important.每一小时和每一分钟都很重要。*Each boy and
26、(each)girl has a computer.每个男孩和女孩都有一台电脑。*Many a man and(many a)woman is working hard to raise a family.很多男人和女人都在努力工作来养家。3.“名词+as well as,rather than,like,but,except,besides,with,together with,along with,including,in addition to+名词”结构作主语时,谓语动词同第一个名词的数保持一致。*Modern teaching equipment as well as hundred
27、s of computers was sent to the village school last week.上周现代化的教学设备和几百台电脑被送到了那所乡村学校。*The teacher,together with many students,is playing basketball on the playground.这个老师和很多学生一起在操场上打篮球。*Nobody but one teacher and three students was in the lab.实验室只有一个老师和三个学生。4.“more than one或many a+单数名词”作主语时,尽管其意义为复数,但
28、谓语动词还是用单数形式。*More than one student is against the decision.不止一个学生反对这个决定。*Many a page in this book is missing.这本书缺了许多页。5.不定代词either,neither,each,every 或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every与thing,body,one构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。*Nothing in the world moves faster than light.世上没有什么东西比光传播得更快。*Each one of us has hi
29、s own duty.我们每个人都有自己的职责。*Either of you is to hand out the gifts to the students.你们俩当中的一个人要给学生分发礼物。【名师点津】“none of+名词”的主谓一致 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数形式;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数形式或复数形式都可以。*None of the money has been spent on repairs.这笔钱没有花费在维修方面。*None of the passengers were/was aware of the danger.乘客
30、中没有一个人意识到危险的存在。6.由“a lot of,lots of,plenty of,the rest of,the majority of+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。*The factory used three fifths of the raw materials,the rest of which were saved for other purposes.工厂用了这种原材料的五分之三,剩余部分节省出来留作他用。*The rest of the books were returned to the
31、library.其余的书都归还给图书馆了。7.在定语从句中,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。*I,who am your teacher,will do my best to help you.我是你的老师,我会尽全力帮助你的。*Those who have finished the work can go home first.那些已完成工作的人可以先回家。【名师点津】“one of+复数名词+who/which/that”引导的定语从句中,若关系代词在定语从句中充当主语,谓语动词常用复数形式。若one 前有the only/very/r
32、ight 修饰时,从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。*He is one of the students who have passed the exam.他是通过这次考试的学生之一。*He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.他是通过这次考试的唯一的学生。8.由两部分组成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时,如glasses,spectacles,shoes,boots,trousers/pants,compasses,chopsticks,scissors,socks等,谓语动词通常用复数,但当这类词被a pair of修饰时
33、,谓语动词用单数。*My glasses were broken while playing football yesterday.昨天踢足球时我的眼镜被打碎了。*A pair of shoes is lying under the bed.床底下有一双鞋。9.“kind/form/type/sort/species/series+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词。*All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome.必须克服各种各样的困难。*This kind/sort of questions i
34、s very difficult.这种问题很难。【即学活用】语法填空。(2019全国卷)Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six _(be)stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.(2019江苏高考)The musician along with his band members _(give)ten performances in the last three months.(2019天津高考)Amy,as well a
35、s her brothers,_(give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.The teacher together with some students _(be)visiting the factory.arehas givenwas givenisNo one but Tom and John _(like)the topic.Growing roses _(be)her hobby.(2020天津高考)The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early
36、1990s and _(remain)around that level ever since.Two fifths of the books here _(be)worth reading.I,who _(be)your close friend,will try my best to help you out of trouble.Three million tons of coal _(be)exploited every year in the city.likesishas remainedareamisThe iron and steel industry _(be)very im
37、portant to our life.(2020江苏高考)If you look at all sides of the situation,youll find probably a solution that _(suit)everyone.issuits二、意义一致原则 此原则是指谓语动词的单复数形式根据主语的意义而不是形式决定。当主语形式为单数,而意义为复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式;当主语形式为复数,而意义却为单数时,谓语动词用单数形式。1.有些名词,如people,cattle,police,trousers等,没有单数形式,作主语时,谓语动词只能用复数。*The police w
38、ere sent to the spot to keep order immediately.警察立即被派往现场维持秩序。*Cattle were allowed to graze in this area.允许牛在这个地区吃草。2.英语中一些单复数同形的名词作主语时,应根据其表达的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式,这类名词常见的有sheep,deer,fish,means,species,Chinese,Japanese,series等。*Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution.为了防止大气污染,每一种方法
39、都用过了。*All means have been tried to ease the traffic jams.为了缓解交通堵塞,所有的方法都试过了。*We Chinese are friendly,diligent and hard-working.我们中国人是友好、勤奋并且努力工作的。3.有些集合名词,如public,family,enemy,audience,government,group,committee,team,media,staff,crew等作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其表示的意义而定。如果该名词表示一个整体,其谓语动词用单数形式;但当这些集体名词表示集体中的若干个体时,
40、谓语动词用复数形式。*The public was kept in the dark about the matter.关于这件事情公众被蒙在鼓里。*The public now come to know the whole story.人们现在越来越清楚那是怎么回事了。4.“the+形容词或过去分词”表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式;当“the+形容词”指一个人或表示一种抽象概念或品质时,谓语动词用单数形式。*The young,on the one hand,often think the old conservative.On the other hand,the old always
41、consider the young inexperienced.一方面,年轻人常认为老年人保守;另一方面,老年人总是认为年轻人缺乏经验。*The good is not always the true.善并非都真。5.有些以s结尾表示学科名称的词,如physics,mathematics,economics,politics等,以及用作书名、地名、国名、地区名的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。*Politics is a complicated subject.政治是一门复杂的学科。*The UN was founded in 1945.联合国成立于1945年。6.表示距离、长度、价值
42、、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时,如作为一个整体来看待的话,谓语动词通常用单数。*Twenty kilometers is quite a long distance.二十千米是一段相当长的距离。*Two hours is a short time when you are enjoying a fascinating movie.当你在享受一部非常好的电影时,两小时是很短的时间。7.“a number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;“the number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。*A large number of people have applied
43、 for the job.很多人申请了这项工作。*The number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly at present.目前中国学习英语的人数正在快速增加。【即学活用】语法填空。Mathematics _(be)the language of science.Stories of the Long March _(be)popular with the young people now.Three weeks _(be)allowed for making the necessary preparatio
44、ns.The blind usually _(trust)their sense of touch.isiswastrust三、就近一致原则 此原则是指谓语动词的人称和数须与邻近的主语保持一致。1.在there be 结构、here 以及表示地点的介词词组位于句首引起的倒装句中,谓语动词的人称和数应与最近的一个主语保持一致。*There are two chairs and a desk in the office.办公室中有两把椅子和一张桌子。*Here is a book and some pencils.这里有一本书和一些铅笔。*In front of our house is a ta
45、ll tree and many flowers.在我们房前有一棵很高的树和很多花。2.当either.or.;neither.nor.;not only.but also.;not.but.;or;nor等并列连词连接两个主语时,谓语动词的人称和数应与邻近的主语保持一致。*Either he or you are to blame for it.不是他就是你必须为此事负责。*Not you but I am responsible for the delay.不是你而是我应对这次的延误负责。【即学活用】语法填空。Either you or the president _(be)to hand
46、 out the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.There _(be)a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep it up.Here _(be)a pen,a few envelopes and some paper for you.Neither the teacher nor the students _(be)informed of the result of the test.Not you but your father _(be)to blame.Not
47、 only you but also he _(be)wrong.iswasiswereisis【语法主题应用】使用本单元所学语法知识,根据提示补全下面短文。The very film that 1._(被称作)Titanic is such a beautiful and sad love story as 2._(为大众所欢迎),whose hero and heroine are Jack and Rose.Rose 3._(是一位漂亮的年轻女士)with whom her mother went to America.Jack,who won a ship ticket by play
48、ing cards,4._(是一位贫穷的画家).They met and fell in love with each other on Titanic where they had a happy time.Sadly,the nice journey 5._(被一座巨大的冰山损坏了),andis calledis popular with the publicwas a beautiful young womanwas a poor painterwas destroyed by a huge icebergJack lost his life for saving Rose.Before
49、 Jack left Rose forever,he encouraged Rose to live well for him.As is known to all,love 6._(是最强大的力量).And that 7._(是这个原因)why Rose could live alone and tell us the moving story.is the strongest strengthis the reason【文体感觉】Task 1 框架宏观建构:整体理解1.Skim and reorder all the parts of a film review.Your opinion
50、of the film.Basic information about the film.Whether you recommend the film or not.Information about the storyline.答案:读写结合表达升级2.Choose the best answer.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To give advice.B.To analyze the characters characteristics.C.To recommend some aspects of film-making behin
51、d the scenes to the audience.D.To show the shortcomings of the film.答案:CTask 2 文本微观剖析:特色表达1.Read the passage and fill in the blanks.Name of the film_Director_Stars_,Geoffrey Rush,Helena Bonham CarterAwards_and Best Actor at the 2010 Academy AwardsThe Kings SpeechTom HooperColin FirthBest Picture2.Fi
52、nd out the adjectives in the passage and understand their usage.Terrible,fancy,typical,historical,special,enjoyable,successful,great,funny,believable,etc.【实践应用】【模板构建】【典题仿写】根据以下关于电影哈利波特的简介,写一篇80个词左右的英文影评。1.根据英国作家J.K.Rowling的小说改编,由Chris Columbus执导。2.哈利失去双亲,在姨母家受虐待,11岁生日时被邀请到Hogwarts魔法学校上学。3.Hogwarts是一
53、个神奇莫测的魔幻世界,在那里哈利学习了魔法,经历了许多冒险和神奇的事,并交了一些好朋友,同时学会了怎样获得真正的友谊,学会了勇敢。4.这是一部非常成功的电影,风靡全世界。通过这部电影,我们学会了相信自己和帮助别人。遣词造句完成句子1.哈利波特是根据英国作家J.K.Rowling的小说改编的童话故事。Harry Potter is a fairy tale.It _the novel of the English writer J.K.Rowling.2.哈利学习了魔法,经历了许多冒险和神奇的事,并交了一些好朋友。Harry _and _.3.这部电影取得了巨大成功,受到全世界人民的欢迎。The
54、 movie is _and it _all over the world.is based onlearns magic,has many adventurous and wonderful experiencesmakes several good friendsvery successfulis popular with people句式升级4.用定语从句和过去分词升级句1Harry Potter is a fairy tale _the novel of the English writer J.K.Rowling.Harry Potter is a fairy tale _the n
55、ovel of the English writer J.K.Rowling.5.用高级词汇和被动语态升级句3The movie is _and it _all over the world.which is based onbased ona great successis well received by people完美成篇Harry Potter is a fairy tale which is based on the novel of the English writer J.K.Rowling and directed by Chris Columbus.In the movie
56、,Harry,whose parents are dead,is badly treated at his aunts home.But fortunately,on his eleventh birthday,he is invited to go to Hogwarts,a magic school.It is a world full of magic and wonders,where Harry learns magic,has many adventurous and wonderful experiences and makes several good friends.He a
57、lso learns how to get true friendship and how to be brave.The movie Harry Potter is a great success and it is popular with people all over the world.Its well worth seeing.By watching this movie,we learn to believe in ourselves and help others.【话题拓展】1.话题特点影评就是观众在观看完电影后的所感所想,主要以一般现在时介绍剧情内容及发表自己的看法。此类文
58、章通常采用第一人称和第三人称。2.话题词汇be based on以为基础be directed by 由导演learn from.从中学习be popular with.受欢迎be set in以为背景the martial arts武术romantic scenes浪漫的场景fight scenes打斗场面interest us most最让我们感兴趣play the part of扮演the most exciting moments最激动人心的时刻enjoyable愉快的to everyones surprise出乎所有人的意料masterpiece杰作3.话题句式The new Chi
59、nese TV series is making waves in China and abroad.There must be more stories behind the scenes.这部新的中国电视剧在国内外掀起了波澜,其幕后一定有更多故事。The film was adapted from a novel,which told that a couple adopted a flexible way to bring up their adopted son,who gradually adapted to his new family.这部电影是由一部小说改编来的,它讲述了一对夫
60、妇采用一种灵活的方法来抚养他们收养的儿子,使他逐渐适应了他的新家庭的故事。This film tells us a story about how a common panda becomes a real dragon warrior.这部电影为我们讲述了一个平凡的熊猫是怎样成为一个真正的龙武士的。This movie tells us that every difficulty can be overcome as long as you try your utmost persistently.这部电影告诉我们这样一个道理:只要你坚持不懈地努力,任何困难都能克服。The film is
61、well worth seeing,as it carried the main idea that justice can always beat evil.这部电影很值得观看,因为它告诉我们正义一定会战胜邪恶。What I have to admit is that this movie is wonderful,such as its advanced digital video effect and the worry about the future of human beings.我不得不承认的是这部电影很不错,比如它先进的数字视频特效和对于人类未来的担忧。We do not agree with the result of this movie,in which only some scientists and political leaders can survive not common people.我们不能赞同的是这部电影中最终幸存的是一些科学家和政府高官,却没有什么平民。
