1、Section Discovering Useful Structures主语从句一、主语从句的连接词及其句法功能1.连接词that和whether引导的主语从句【观察思考】That she survived the accident is a miracle.她在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。Whether they will cooperate with us is still unknown.他们是否会与我们合作还不知道。【探究总结】(1)that在主语从句中_(充当/不充当)句子成分,_(有/无)词义,只起连接作用,但不可省略。(2)whether在主语从句中_(充当/不充当)句子成分,起
2、连接作用,意为“_”,不可省略。【应用实践】完成句子。她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。_ _ _ _to help us made us very happy.答案:(1)不充当;无(2)不充当;是否她来不来都无关紧要。_ _ _ _ _ _doesnt matter too much.答案:That she could come Whether she is coming or not 2.连接代词what、who、which及whatever、whoever、whichever等引导的主语从句【观察思考】What made people excited was that the solar s
3、hip had completed the around-the-world trip.让人们激动的是太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。Who will go to the concert is not known.不知道谁会去听音乐会。Which team will win the match is still unknown.哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道。Whatever you do in your spare time should do no harm to others.无论你在业余时间做什么都不应该危害其他人。Whoever comes to the party will rece
4、ive a present.参加聚会的每一个人都将收到一份礼物。【探究总结】连接代词在主语从句中_(有/无)词义,除了起连接作用外,通常在从句中可以作_、_或_等成分。答案:有;主语;定语;宾语【应用实践】用适当的连接代词填空。(of you)comes in first will receive a prize.I want to know is which road we should take.part of the country he will travel to needs discussing.surprises me most is that he is too proud.i
5、s interested in the activity can sign your name.答案:WhicheverWhatWhichWhatWhoever 3.连接副词when、where、how、why等引导的主语从句【观察思考】When we will have a meeting is an important question.我们何时召开会议是个重要的问题。Where I spend my summer vacation is no business of yours.我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。How this happened is not clear to anyone.这
6、件事是怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。Why she didnt show up last night remains a puzzle.她昨晚为什么没来依然是个谜。【探究总结】连接副词when、where、how 和why可引导主语从句并在从句中分别作_状语、_状语、_状语和_状语。【应用实践】用适当的连接副词填空。_ John was late for the class has been unexplained._ it was done was a mystery._ the party will be held has not yet been decided.答案:时间;地点;方式;原因答
7、案:WhyHow/When/WhereWhere/When 二、主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构【观察思考】It is necessary that several nurses(should)stay.几个护士留在这儿是有必要的。Its a pity that he didnt come.很遗憾他没来。It is suggested that the meeting be put off.有人建议会议延期召开。It seems that it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨。It surprised him why they came to visit him sudde
8、nly.让他吃惊的是他们为什么突然来看望他。【探究总结】it作形式主语的结构主要有:It+be+形容词(necessary,obvious,true,natural,strange,etc.)+主语从句.It+be+(a pity,a fact,a surprise,a shame,no wonder,etc.)+主语从句.It+be+(said,reported,thought,suggested,proved,etc.)+主语从句.It+(happen,seem,appear,etc.)+主语从句.It+(surprise,etc.)+宾语+主语从句.答案:名词词组 过去分词不及物动词或系
9、动词 及物动词【应用实践】完成句子。在我看来,你好像不赞成这个计划。_ _ _ _that you disagree with the plan.碰巧那年收成不好。_ _ _the harvest was bad that year.很可惜你不能参加我的生日聚会。_ _ _ _you cant attend my birthday party.她是否能来参加聚会还很难说。It is doubtful _ _ _be able to come to the party.建议这位老人到乡村休息一下。_ _ _ _the old man should go to the country-side t
10、o have a rest.答案:It seems to meIt happened that Its a pity thatwhether she willIt is suggested that三、主语从句中应注意的问题【观察思考】Where he will get a job after graduation has puzzled him very much.毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。What the school needs most are books.这所学校最需要的是书。When they will start and where they will go have no
11、t been decided yet.他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。When and where they will hold the meeting is not clear.他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。【探究总结】(1)主语从句要用语序。(2)主语从句作主语时,主句的谓语动词一般用形式。what引导主语从句时,有时主句谓语动词的单复数形式应与主句中作表语的保持一致。(3)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用形式;由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时,谓语动词用形式。答案:(1)陈述(2)单数;名词(3)复数;单数【应用实践】用所给词的适当形式填空。What he needs most(be)money.What surprised me most(be)that the man in rags was a millionaire.That the coal mine workers are still alive(be)a wonder.When and where the meeting will be held(decide)already.答案:iswasishas been decided
