1、Unit 3 War and peace Section Using language. 单句语法填空1.The most effective “weapon” of peacekeepers (peacekeeper) is the support of the international community.2.The construction of a dam influences downstream channel stability (stable) in two ways.3.I was a new, idealistic teacher when Billy entered m
2、y fourth (four) grade.4.It was not long before a helicopter arrived on scene to rescue the survivors (survive) of the plane crash.5.Mr. Block hit the ceiling when he was asked senseless (sense) questions.6.It was he who, so he would argue, had brought about the destruction (destroy) of Mr. Heath.7.D
3、o you forgive your thoughtless friend for her cruelty (cruel)?8.It provided the motivation (motivate) for controlling smoke and dust emission from industrial plants.9.We now travel round the world in a way previously (previous) undreamt of.10.I felt angry with my little sister greatly, but her innoc
4、ent smile disarmed (disarm) me.11.You show promise as a musician but your lack of practice is keeping you back .12.Far from moving back, he threw all his time and energy into his work.13.Shops are being forced to put their prices down in order to attract customers. 语境选词refer toas, on standby, throwi
5、nto, for the duration of, feel sad for, stopfrom, remindto do sth., at the beginning of, play a role in, carry out1.Office workers in the UK who leave computers on standby were costing 1.7 billion yuan a year in energy bills.2.Hansjoerg Kunc, an animal behaviorist, referred to human noise as a “majo
6、r global pollutant” in a statement.3.Signs and posters are everywhere to help remind people to keep a healthy distance.4. For the duration of his full-time studying program, he has made great progress in his oral English.5.It might sound odd but the police stopped a man from committing suicide last
7、week by shooting him an electric shock.6.Can I go back to what you said at the beginning of the meeting?7.The citizens hoped that the government would carry out the reforms it had promised.8.I hear that the girl is playing roles in some new films. Shes really making her way into a famous star.9.The
8、first waterfall the tourists passed by threw them into joy wildly.10.I think I feel sad for him, because he looks like hes the person who is always being blamed for whatever he did. 完成句子1.汤姆和他的弟弟都通过了考试。Both Tom and his brother have passed the exam .2.那位农民作家正在会议室里发表演讲。The peasant writer is making a s
9、peech in the meeting room.3.现在所有男人和女人都在工作。Every man and woman is at work now.4.在我们的学校，我们的班在踢足球方面比其他任何班都好。Our class is better than any other class at playing football in our school.5.到目前为止，学生和老师都没来。Not only the students but also the teacher hasnt come so far .素养综合练. 阅读理解（2021黑龙江大庆一中期中）There is some u
10、nwelcome news for students preparing for exams and officers putting in long hours-you dont need that “refreshment（提神） break” as much as you may think.Scientists believed it was not easy for people to continue their work if they felt the need to have a snack or a rest to make them feel better. They a
11、rgued that the only way to regain willpower is by supplying more energy to our bodies with rest, food or entertainment.But psychologists have challenged this theory, saying weak willpower is in your head. They found that a persons mindset（理念） and belief about willpower determine how long and how wel
12、l theyll be able to work on a tough mental exercise. “If you think of willpower as something thats limited, youre more likely to be tired when you perform a difficult task,” said Professor Veronika Job. “But if you think of willpower as something that is not easily depleted , you can go on and on.”T
13、he researchers led by Mr. Job designed an experiment to test the students belief about willpower. After a tiring task those who believed or were led to believe that willpower was a limited resource performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they
14、had more control over.Mr. Job said, “Students who may already have trouble studying are being told that their powers of concentration are limited, and they need to take frequent breaks. But a belief in willpower as a non-limited resource makes people stronger in their ability to work through challen
15、ges.”The findings could help people who are battling with temptation（诱惑）: people following strict diets and doing exercise regularly to lose weight, people trying to overcome addictions, employees facing a tight deadline. Willpower isnt driven by a biologically based process as much as we used to th
16、ink.1.What opinion did scientists have in the past?A.Willpower was a limited resource.B.It was hard to regain willpower.C.Hardworking people seldom took breaks.D.People could easily feel tired when working.2.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “depleted” in Paragraph 3?A.Given up.
17、B.Recovered.C.Used up.D.Changed.3.What can we learn from the findings of the experiment?A.Students benefit most from the research.B.Frequent breaks are not good for learning.C.Willpower can be regained after people have a good rest.D.The belief in willpower can change a mans behaviour.4.Why does the
18、 author write the text?A.To explain the power of willpower.B.To show us how to build willpower.C.To tell us the ways of gaining willpower.D.To introduce a new theory on willpower. 答案：1.A 解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。以前人们认为意志力是有限的，但心理学家对意志力有了新的结论，认为意志力存在于人脑中，对我们的行为能够产生很大的影响。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段第二句“They argu
19、ed that the only way to regain willpower is by supplying more energy to our bodies with rest, food or entertainment.”可知，他们认为重新获得意志力的唯一方法是休息、食物或娱乐。由此可知，以前科学家认为意志力是有限的资源。故选A项。答案：2.C 解析：2.【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据画线词前的“If you think of willpower as something thats limited, youre more likely to be tired when
20、you perform a difficult task”可知，如果你认为意志力是有限的东西，在完成困难的任务时，你更可能会疲惫。画线词所在句中的“But”是关键词，如果你认为意志力很难被耗尽，那么你就可以继续下去。deplete意为“use up”, 故选C项。答案：3.D 解析：3.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第三段第二句“They found that a persons mindset（理念） and belief about willpower determine how long and how well theyll be able to work on a toug
21、h mental exercise.”可知，研究人员发现对意志力的信念能够决定人们做一项艰难的脑力任务的时间和结果。也就是说，对意志力的信念能够影响人们的行为。故选D项。答案：4.D 解析：4.【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】作者在第二段里介绍了以前人们对意志力的看法；第三段第一句“But psychologists have challenged this theory, saying weak willpower is in your head.”告诉我们心理学家有了新的观点，下文主要介绍了关于意志力的新发现。所以本文介绍了关于意志力的一种新的理论。故选D项。深度解析词汇积累tough
22、 adj.艰苦的，困难的；坚强的 regain vt.恢复；重新获得；收回determine v. 下决心，做出决定 think of. as. 把. 当.；认为. 是power n.力量，能力；电力；权力长难句分析After a tiring task those who believed or were led to believe that willpower was a limited resource performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as somet
23、hing they had more control over. 在一项累人的任务后，那些相信或被引导相信意志力是有限资源的人在标准注意力测试中的表现要比那些认为意志力是他们可以控制的东西的人差。分析：第一个those作主语，第一个who引导的定语从句中还包含一个that引导的宾语从句。主句的谓语是performed , than引导比较状语从句，第二个those是与主语比较的对象， who thought of willpower as something they had more control over是修饰those的定语从句 , 从句中包含另y一个定语从句they had more
24、 control over, 修饰先行词something。 . 语法填空A（2020江西南昌八一中学高二期中）Peking Opera roles require performers to paint 1 (they) faces in patterns and colours to represent different character types and 2 (quality).In Peking Opera, facial painting can be quite complex. However, in the 3 (begin), only three colours we
25、re used-red, white and black. Now, many other colours, such as yellow, purple, blue and green, 4 (use) for facial painting.Red is colour for 5 (brave) and loyalty. Guan Yu is a good example of this kind of character. He is famous for being very loyal 6 his emperor, Liu Bei.White highlights all 7 is
26、bad in human nature. One of the typical white-faced characters is Cao Cao, 8 powerful and cruel prime minister.Black face paint is usually used for 9 is fierce and violent. One typical example is General Zhang Fei from the classic novel, Romance of the Three Kingdoms.All these different colours are
27、used in Peking Opera facial painting 10 (provide) a clear picture of each character.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1.their 解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了京剧角色需要表演者用图案和颜色来暗示不同的人物类型和性格。考查代词。此处用形容词性物主代词their作定语修饰名词faces，指代performers。故填their。答案：2.qualities 解析：2.考查名词的数。quality表示一个人的品质或是商品的特性时，是可数名词，前面有形容词dif
28、ferent修饰，此处用名词复数形式。故填qualities。答案：3.beginning 解析：3.考查固定搭配。固定搭配in the beginning（一开始）。故填beginning。答案：4.are used 解析：4.考查动词时态和语态。由语境可知，本句陈述的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语many other colours和use是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are used。答案：5.bravery 解析：5.考查名词。此处用名词bravery（勇敢）作介词for的宾语。故填bravery。答案：6.to 解析：6.考查固定搭配。固定搭配be loyal to意为
29、“对忠诚”。故填to。答案：7.that 解析：7.考查定语从句关系词。此处引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词all，关系词在从句中作主语，只能用关系代词that。故填that。答案：8.a 解析：8.考查冠词。此处泛指“一个强大而残忍的宰相”；又powerful以辅音音素开头，故填a。答案：9.what 解析：9.考查宾语从句引导词。介词for后接宾语从句，从句缺少主语，意为“的东西”，应用引导词what。故填what。答案：10.to provide 解析：10.考查动词不定式。由语境可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式(to do)作目的状语。故填to provide。B（2020江苏常州高二
30、期中）Shijing, also the Book of Songs or Shih-ching, is the 1 (early) collection of Chinese poetry. It consists of 305 poems 2 (date) from the early years of Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle stage of the Spring and Autumn Period. Nowadays, Confucius is generally believed to be the 3 (edit) of the boo
31、k.Shijing is rich in content, 4 (reflect) love and labor, war and slavery, customs and marriage, ancestor worship and special events. It is a mirror of social life.All the poems included in Shijing fall into three sections-poems that come from villages belong to Feng; the poems 5 (write)to persuade
32、or praise the rulers belong to Ya; those used at religious ceremonies belong to Song. Ya and Song are flowery and serious in language, 6 Feng is relatively inspiring and full of passion.The opening poem of Shijing, Cooing and Wooing(关雎), is about love, which 7 (read):By riverside are cooingA pair of
33、 turtledoves;A good young man is wooingA fair maiden he loves.Through these lines, the poet expresses the mans longing 8 a girl and his hope that one day he can win over the girls heart.As the beginning of ancient Chinese poetry, Shijing enables people to have a better understanding of Chinese civil
34、ization. 9 , it is also frequently quoted in other Chinese texts and has always been 10 (refer) to as moral truth and lessons.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1.earliest 解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章给我们介绍了诗经的一些知识。考查形容词最高级。根据常识和语境可知，诗经是中国最早的诗歌集，所以空处需用形容词最高级earliest。故填earliest。答案：2.dating 解析：2.考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语
35、动词consist，且空处前面没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词poems，空处动词date与名词poems之间是逻辑上的主动关系，需用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填dating。答案：3.editor 解析：3.考查名词。分析句子成分可知，此处需用名词editor，表示编辑，指孔子，名词需用单数形式。故填editor。答案：4.reflecting 解析：4.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词，空处动词reflect与主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，需用现在分词形式。故填reflecting。答案：5.written 解析：5.考查过去分词。根据句子结构可知，空处
36、需用分词作后置定语修饰名词poems，空处动词与名词poems之间是逻辑上的被动关系，需用过去分词作后置定语。故填written。答案：6.while 解析：6.考查连词。根据语境可知，句子前后有对比之意，所以空处需用连词while表示“然而”。故填while。答案：7.reads 解析：7.考查动词时态和主谓一致。本句陈述一个事实，需用一般现在时，which指代The opening poem of Shijing，从句谓语动词需用单数reads。故填reads。答案：8.for 解析：8.考查固定搭配。long for意为“渴望”。此处缺少介词，故填for。答案：9.Moreover/Besides/Furthermore/Additionally 解析：9.考查副词。根据语境可知，此处表示递进关系，所以空处需用副词moreover/besides/furthermore/additionally“此外”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Moreover/Besides/Furthermore/Additionally。答案：10.referred 解析：10.考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，空处谓语动词使用了现在完成时的被动语态“has been done”，所以空处需用过去分词referred。故填referred。
