1、生活中的语法 Do you know about Li Na?Yes.She is a famous tennis player,from whom I have learned a lot.观察后的发现Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert,at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music?They may start as a group of high-school students,for whom pra
2、ctising their music in someones house is the first step to fame.Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs,for which they are paid in cash.The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music,most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.They produced a new record in 1996,wit
3、h which they celebrated their former time as a real band.我的发现1以上例句中均含有“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句。2如果先行词为表示“人”的名词(或代词)时，定语从句用“介词whom”引导(如例句)；如果先行词为表示“物”的名词(或代词)时，定语从句则用“介词which”引导(如例句、)。“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句一、基本用法当关系代词在定语从句中充当介词的宾语时，我们用介词关系代词(whom或which)引导定语从句。如果指人，用介词whom；如果指物，用介词which。汤姆来了，我等他等了一个小时了。他递给我一支钢笔，我就用它写
4、下了他的电话号码。Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?你知道与她交谈的那个男孩是谁吗？The little girl is reading a book in which there are many pictures.小女孩正在读一本书，书中有很多图画。【感悟高考】(1)She showed the visitors around the museum,the construction _ had taken more than three years.解析：句意：她带领游客参观了博物馆，该馆建设时耗时三年。construction与mus
5、eum为所属关系，故用of which。答案：of which(2)Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time.解析：句意：枪支管理是美国人长期争论的话题。argue about sth.为某事争论。答案：about which二、使用“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句的注意事项1关系代词的选用在介词后作宾语的关系代词一般只有which和whom。如先行词是物，引导词用which；如先行词是人，则引导词用whom。This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai
6、.这是我去上海所乘坐的船。He went back to the house in which he was born twenty years ago.他回到了二十年前出生的那座房子。The man with whom you shook hands just now is our English teacher.刚才你和他握手的那个人是我们的英语老师。2介词的确定方法(1)根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来确定介词。Well never forget the day on which the earthquake happened in Wenchuan.我们永远忘不了汶川发生地震的那一天。(与
7、先行词day的介词搭配用on)In front of my house,there is a tree,in which some birds are singing.我的房子前有一棵树，鸟儿正在树上唱歌。(与先行词tree的搭配用介词in)(2)根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配来选用介词。Hes the model from whom we should learn.他是我们学习的榜样。(learn from.向学习)The problem about which you argued just now has been solved.你们刚才争论的问题已经解决了。(argue
8、about sth.争论某事)注意：此时的介词也可以放在从句中的动词之后，关系代词which也可用that代替，也可以省略，who可以代替whom或省去。但非限制性定语从句中的whom,which不可省。如上面的例句可写成：He is the model(who/whom)we should learn from.The problem(which/that)you argued about just now has been solved.(3)根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。Air,without which man cant live,is really important.空气确实
9、太重要了，没有它人类就不能生存。This book has opened a window,through which we can see a wonderful world.这本书打开了一扇窗，通过这扇窗我们能够看到一个精彩的世界。注意：当先行词是way并且在定语从句中做状语时，我们可以使用in which或that引导定语从句。在这种情况下，in which或that也可以省略。I did not like the way(in which/that)she talked to me.我不喜欢她和我说话的方式。(4)表示所属关系、部分与整体的关系或全部时，选用介词of。(表示部分与整体或
10、全部时，常用不定代词、名词、数词以及形容词的最高级of which或whom)，也用比较复杂的结构by means of,as a result of,in front of,in the back of等。He lives in a room,the window of which faces south.他住的房间，窗子向南开。The Greens have two daughters,both of whom are college students.格林夫妇有两个女儿，她们都是大学生。(5)关系代词的替换介词in,on,at,for等which在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时，可
11、分别用when,where,why替换。具体见下表：(6)“the名词of关系代词”引导定语从句时，常可用“whose名词”代替。This is the book the cover of which(whose cover)is designed by Mr.Jones.这是那本由琼斯先生设计封面的书。【感悟高考】(3)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people,many of _ left their village homes for a better life in the city.(4)The newly built cafe,the
12、 walls of _ are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,especially after hard work.(5)Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ _ we may return in the near future.whomwhichto which咨询信的写作.题目要求假设你叫李华，欲与本校另外四名同学组建一支乐队，但缺乏经验，请就以下情况或问题给知名音乐人卡曾斯(Cousins)先生发一封电子邮件以寻求帮助。1成员中有三名男生和两名女生，均喜欢流行音
13、乐与现代舞蹈。2每周只在周末排练，时间是否足够？初期演奏宜多元化还是一种风格？3怎样获得较多的表演机会？4希望他能为乐队取个名字。Dear Mr.Cousins，_Yours sincerely，Li Hua.审题谋篇1人称：第一、二人称。2时态：以现在时为主。3结构：首段：点明身份及写信的目的；中段：阐述所遇问题；尾段：希望别人给予帮助并表示感谢。.遣词造句学以致用，试着应用一下本单元学到的词汇、句型吧！1词汇：音乐家 musician形成；组成form表演perform著名的well-known喜欢be_fond_of2句型：(1)我和我们学校的两名男生和两名女生想组建一支乐队。示例：To
14、m,together with his two sons,has gone abroad.(together with)仿写：I,_together_with_two_boys_and_two_girls_in_our_school,_want_to_form_a_band.(2)仅仅在周末排练就足够了吗？示例：Is it enough to only eat the energy-giving food?(is it enough to)仿写：Is_it_enough_to_practice_only_at_weekends?(3)如果你为我们的乐队取一个名字我们将很感激。示例：Ill ap
15、preciate it if you help me with my English.(Ill appreciate it if.)仿写：Wed_appreciate_it_if_you_would_come_up_with_a_name_for_our_band.参考范文Dear Mr.Cousins，Im Li Hua.Since you are a well-known musician,Im writing this e-mail to ask you for some advice on how to form a band.I,together with two boys and
16、two girls in our school,want to form a band.We are all fond of pop music and modern dance.Id like to know whether we should play one kind of music or different styles to start with.And is it enough to practice only at weekends?Besides,how can we get more chances to perform?Wed appreciate it if you w
17、ould come up with a name for our band.Looking forward to your reply.Best wishes!Yours sincerely，Li Hua.用“介词关系代词”填空1The book _ _ Im interested is written by that famous author.2A teacher is the one _ _ you can turn when you are in trouble.3On April 5,our class went climbing the hill,on the top _ _ st
18、ood a huge temple.4This is the diamond _ _ I spent all my money.in whichto whomof whichon which5The old Olympic Games _ _ the modern games came could date back to the year 776 BC.6The pencil _ _ he wrote was broken.7The woman,_ _ I learned the news is a nurse.8She has three children,all _ _ are at s
19、chool.9The Second World War,_ _ millions of people were killed,ended in 1945.10Do you know the building _ _ is flying a red flag?from whichwith whichfrom whomof whomin whichabove which.书面表达杨梅和她的一位同班同学下周要代表学校参加一次英语演讲比赛，但她没有经验，不知如何准备，也没有自信。她想求助于英语界的专家也就是自己的叔叔给予帮助，并且提出要在本周六上午去拜访他以便能够接受指导。请就以上情况以杨梅的身份给她
20、叔叔写一封信以寻求帮助。Dear Uncle，_Your niece，Yang Mei范文：Dear Uncle，How are you?Next week an English speech contest will be held in the city.A classmate of mine and I will take part in it on behalf of our school.I am excited but also nervous,because it is a good chance to improve my English.But I have no exper
21、ience.Although I have been preparing for the contest,I am still not confident.As an expert in English,what would you advise me to prepare for the contest?I plan to pay a visit to you this Saturday morning.I wonder whether you will be free then.If not,could you tell me the time that is convenient for you?I am eager to get your instruction.I will appreciate any of your help.Your niece，Yang Mei
