1、景德镇一中20202021学年第二学期期末考试卷高二（1）班英语第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the man ask the woman to give him?A. A table. B. Her ID card. C. A signed parcel.2. What will the woman do for the man?A. Clean t
2、he mark on his shirt. B. Give him a ride to a wedding. C. Buy him a shirt in ten minutes.3. How does the woman probably go to work at present?A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike.4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife. B. Neighbors. C. Mother and son.5. How is the
3、weather now?A. Hot. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What will the man do in Singapore?A. Learn from the woman. B. Travel with the woman. C. Work with John Taylor
4、.7. Why does the man feel nervous about going to Singapore?A. He has to work as a new manager.B. He has many projects to finish there.C. He has never been out of the country.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. On what does the man ask the woman for advice?A. How to keep healthy. B. Which coffee maker to buy. C. Where
5、 to get a real bargain.9. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At home. B. In the gym. C. In a shop.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What are the speakers?A. College students. B. School teachers. C. School administrators.11. What is it in the middle of the map?A. The restaurant. B. The Student Uni
6、on. C. The Media Center.12. What can students borrow from the old library?A. Sports magazines. B. Entertainment magazines. C. Financial books.听第9段材料，回答13至16题。13. What made the man give up a sailing trip last weekend?A. The busy schedule. B. The long distance. C. The high cost.14. What did Jenny do l
7、ast weekend?A. She participated in a competition. B. She won a football prize at the park.C. She played tennis with her brother.15. Who got injured?A. Emily. B. Joe. C. Andy.16. What will the woman do next weekend?A. Go to the beach with the man. B. Go swimming and fishing alone.C. Invite the man to
8、 a basketball game.听10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When did the speaker go to the cinema for the first time? A. In 1932. B. In 1937. C. In 1945.18. What did the speaker get from his mother?A. Sweets. B. Chocolate. C. Some money.19. How did the speaker feel in the cinema?A. Amazed. B. Bored. C. Frightened.20. W
9、hat does the speaker say about the film in those days?A. The sets were real and convincing. B. The actors performances were great.C. The special effects were unbelievable.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AThese animal dads have some seriously strange ideas
10、 about fatherhood.Barbary macaqueUnlike human dads boasting of their kids winning contests or college acceptances, barbary macaques, monkeys that are native to North Africa, show off babies as a way to impress each other and build social networks. These monkeys live in troops of about 30 members, an
11、d life centers around the babies born each spring.During baby season, males carry the infants, even picking up little ones that arent their own offspring (后代). However, there are status symbols, used to build male social networks and connections within the group. The infants can serve as a social pa
12、ssport, to approach other males and hang out with them. After all, its much simpler to break the ice if you have a cute baby in hand.Sand grouseLots of dads bring home the bacon. But for young sand grouses living in Namibias dry deserts, water is the essential resource. Sand grouse fathers are the f
13、requent flyers that travel almost 125 miles each day to fill up for the family at a watering hole.With no other way to transport water, male sand grouses settle in the pool, rocking back and forth to bathe their belly feathers. Filling up can take 15 minutes, leaving them exposed to killers like fal
14、cons (猎鹰). But it all pays off. The dads return home after a long day and are able to provide their babies with few precious tablespoons of liquid.PipefishPregnant pipefish males-yes, males-give birth to live young from eggs that females deposit in their brood pouches (育儿袋). This mothering act has e
15、arned them praise as devoted animal dads.But it turns out that the pregnant pipefish also has a wandering eye. If he sees a bigger female he often aborts (流产) existing eggs. If he stops exporting nutrients to the developing embryos (胚胎) while reabsorbing nutrients from abortions, he assures enough r
16、esources to invest in the more rewarding offspring.Blue poison dart frogFemales of this species lay only about half a dozen precious eggs. That is maybe why dads are so devoted to them. Frog eggs must stay watery or moist, and these devoted dads accomplish that by regularly urinating on them over th
17、e course of 10 days, until they hatch (孵化) as tadpoles.1. Barbary macaques carry their kids around in order to _.A. show how proud they are about being a father.B. show their family strength within monkey groups.C. center around their kids as a tradition.D. build up better relations with other monke
18、ys.2. The resource of water or liquid is precious to _.A. barbary macaque and sand grouse.B. sand grouse and pipefish.C. pipefish and blue poison dart frog.D. sand grouse and blue poison dart frog.3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Sand grouse carries the water by drinking it first and
19、then spitting it out.B. Pipefish gives up some eggs in order to make himself stronger.C. Male blue poison dart frog protects the eggs by keeping them wet.D. Sand grouse has to compete for water with the falcon.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些动物爸爸作为父亲所具备的一些奇怪的习性。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Barbary macaque
20、小标题下第二段中“However, there are status symbols, used to build male social networks and connections within the group. The infants can serve as a social passport, to approach other males and hang out with them. (然而，还有一些地位象征，用来建立雄性的社会网络和群体内的联系。宝宝可以作为社会通行证，接近其他雄性，和它们一起玩。)”可知，巴巴里猕猴带着他们的孩子到处跑是为了与其他猴子建立更好的关系。故
21、选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Sand grouse小标题下第二段中“The dads return home after a long day and are able to provide their babies with few precious tablespoons of liquid.( 经过漫长的一天后，这些爸爸们回到了家，能够给它们的宝宝提供几汤匙珍贵的液体。)”以及Blue poison dart frog小标题下段落中“Frog eggs must stay watery or moist, and these devoted dads accomplish tha
22、t by regularly urinating on them over the course of 10 days, until they hatch (孵化) as tadpoles.(蛙卵必须保持湿润或潮湿，这些忠诚的爸爸们在10天的时间里定期在它们身上小便，直到它们孵化成蝌蚪。)”可知，水或液体资源对于沙松鸡和蓝箭毒蛙是宝贵的。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Blue poison dart frog小标题下段落中“Frog eggs must stay watery or moist, and these devoted dads accomplish that by reg
23、ularly urinating on them over the course of 10 days, until they hatch (孵化) as tadpoles.(蛙卵必须保持湿润或潮湿，这些忠诚爸爸们在10天的时间里定期在它们身上小便，直到它们孵化成蝌蚪。)”可知，雄性蓝色箭毒蛙通过保持蛙卵湿润来保护它们。故选C项。BWhen Chef Enrique Olvera opened his restaurant, Pujol, 13 years ago, his only goal was to have the best restaurant in the neighborhoo
24、d. Olveras budget was so small that he had to do all the things himself. But Pujol is now widely thought of as Mexicos finest restaurant and the 36th best in the world. He reached his position by making his cuisine fancier and fancier, and more complex over time. Pujol now serves a tasting menu of s
25、ophisticated food that wouldnt look out of place even at New Yorks Momofuku Ko. To decode his rocket soar in world cuisine circus, Olvera insists on mixing elaborate, cutting-edge techniques with a strong emphasis on local ingredients to create a cosmopolitan cuisine thats at once international yet
26、unmistakably Mexican, matching the direction of Mexico City itself.A visit to the 48-seat Pujol reveals a space-age kitchen containing 27 cooks, with one making his fifth attempt to reshape the egg liquid and another coloring potatoes. Pujol tolerates any grotesque attempt a chef could imagine and t
27、he restaurant is the trial site for its staff. That makes Pujol a hot place to attract free labor. The chef has also thought more about bringing Mexican cooks home from the U.S. Many are returning to move past the glass ceiling that exists in America. “Despite the number of Mexicans working in U.S.
28、restaurants, you rarely see a Mexican head chef in a New York kitchen,” said Olvera. “Then why not come back here to attract diners here for the most local but also novel dishes?”And for foreign diners, Mexican restaurants have another wonder to offer. Just think that merely 30 dollars can sustain y
29、ou for a 4-course feast in an ordinary Mexican restaurant and no one could resist the temptation. To achieve such high cost performance, Olvera states that you have to keep looking for and exploring with the simple ingredients from which to accomplish amazing dishes. “You always cherish where you co
30、me from, but theres also the need for new sensations. Keep exploring with new ideas until you get a better dish.” After all, its the soul of modem cuisine.4. Why has Pujol become so successful?A Because Olvera aimed low in the first place.B. Because Olvera forms the habit of doing things by himself.
31、C. Because Olvera attracts excellent cooks from the U.S.D. Because Olvera combines cooking skills with local characteristics.5. The underlined word grotesque is closest in meaning to _.A. forceful.B. weird.C. abstract.D. painful.6. Why would many Mexican chefs come back to the country?A. Because Puj
32、ol provides them with high titles and salaries.B. Because they find it hard to rise to senior positions in U.S. restaurants.C. Because they cook Mexican food better than American food.D. Because they refer to the high cost performance of the restaurants.7. Which of the following statements is TRUE a
33、ccording to the passage?A. Momofuku Ko is a famous food critic.B. Olvera relies totally on foreign cutting-edge cooking techniques.C. Eating in ordinary Mexican restaurants is expensive.D. One key to success in todays restaurant business is continuous innovation.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明
34、文。文章介绍了一家被广泛认为是墨西哥最好的餐厅，也是世界第36好的墨西哥餐馆Pujol成功的原因：现代烹饪的灵魂在于创新。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Pujol now serves a tasting menu of sophisticated food that wouldnt look out of place even at New Yorks Momofuku Ko.(Pujol 现在提供精致的菜单，即使在纽约Momofuku Ko 也不会显得格格不入)”及“Olvera insists on mixing elaborate, cutting-edge technique
35、s with a strong emphasis on local ingredients to create a cosmopolitan cuisine thats at once international yet unmistakably Mexican, matching the direction of Mexico City itself.”( Olvera 坚持将精心制作的，尖端技术与当地食材结合起来，创造出一种世界性的美食，既国际化但是又带有墨西哥的特点，这点和墨西哥城的烹饪是一致的)可知，Pujol的成功在于将自身的烹饪特点和当地的食材结合了起来，使其既具有国际特点又带有地
36、方特色。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“A visit to the 48-seat Pujol reveals a space-age kitchen containing 27 cooks, with one making his fifth attempt to reshape the egg liquid and another coloring potatoes. (参观一个有着48个座位的Pujol， 那儿展示了一个太空时代的厨房，里面有27个厨师，其中一个厨师在第五次尝试重塑蛋液，另一个厨师尝试给土豆着色)”及“the restaurant is the trial
37、 site for its staff.(餐厅是员工的试用场所)”可推知，厨师们在Pujol可以尝试他们的奇异的想法。由此可知，划线词的含义为“奇怪的”。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Despite the number of Mexicans working in U.S. restaurants, you rarely see a Mexican head chef in a New York kitchen,” said Olvera.”(“尽管有很多墨西哥人在美国餐馆工作，但你很少能在纽约的厨房看到墨西哥厨师长，”Olvera说)”可推知，在美国，墨西哥的厨师很难升
38、到高级职位。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“You always cherish where you come from, but theres also the need for new sensations. Keep exploring with new ideas until you get a better dish.” After all, its the soul of modem cuisine. (“你总是珍惜你的家乡，但也需要新的感觉。不断探索新的想法，直到你得到更好的菜。”毕竟，它是现代烹饪的灵魂)”可知，现代烹饪的成功之处在于要不断探索，持续创新。故选D
39、。CPeople around the world participate in various ritualized celebrations. New Year activities included fireworks, and resolutions-as well as some practices unique to specific cultures, such as cooking black-eyed peas and greens in the southeastern United States.All human cultures have their rituals-
40、typically repetitive, symbolic behaviors that a group of people experience as purposeful; though people generally cant explain how they are supposed to work. And their diversity can also cause clashes between peoples, particularly when the valued rituals of one culture strike another as strange.Most
41、 scientists who study rituals consider their mysterious origins to be one of their defining characteristics. But recently, researchers have come to realize that before rituals become purely social and highly peculiar, many have started out as attempts to avoid disasters.Ritualized ways of preparing
42、food or cleaning the body, for example, have emerged as ways to prevent disease. Many rituals also provide psychological comfort during times of hardship. Today, humans are adopting new behaviors although its too early to tell whether any of these behaviors will become truly ritualized. It will only
43、 be the case when the social significance of the behavior takes precedence over its practical use. This is what sets rituals apart from other cultural practices, such as cooking.Not all rituals are effective because we dont always understand what is producing the risk we are trying to control. But s
44、ome do work. In the Indian state of Bihar, where maternal and infant death rate at birth remains high, 269 rituals are associated with pregnancy and birth. A significant proportion of these rituals, such as preparing the nutritious food, are perfectly in accord with modem medical advice. Many others
45、 are likely neutral while the ones, such as bathing the infant immediately after birth, are viewed as risky just because of practical limitations such as a lack of clean water.The relationship between medicine and rituals is also interesting. “It is important to keep in mind that to most people, the
46、 mechanisms of modem medicine are just as opaque as rituals are,” says Legare, an expert. The practices of modem medicine are relatively new. “When a doctor tells you, Im sorry, but theres nothing we can do for you, that may be true, but it is very discouraging as well,” Legare says. “Therefore rele
47、vant rituals are firmly valued seemingly out of no reasons.”8. According to the passage, what behavior can be regarded as a cultural ritual?A. A student habitually conducts reading before sleep every day.B. A family eat dinner at the same restaurant every weekend.C. People eat green dumplings during
48、 the Festival of Qingming.D. Many Chinese people used to ride bicycles to work.9. Originally, many rituals arose in an attempt to _.A. make people get along with people from the same cultural group.B. protect people from potential life threatsC. get people to identify with their own culture.D. provi
49、de people with values when clashing with people from other cultures.10. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Groups with different rituals can basically live together in peace.B. The practical use of a behavior takes priority when its to be judged as a ritual.C. Appropriateness of some ritua
50、ls depends on local conditions.D. When ill, people turn to rituals because they work better than medicine.11. The best title for the passage might be _.A. Be cautious of the weird ritualsB. Long gone are decayed ritualsC. Ritual, the mysterious reflection of human innocence.D. Ritual,theres a reason
51、 for itsexistence.【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各地的人们都会参加各种仪式化的庆祝活动。大多数研究仪式的科学家认为，仪式的神秘起源是其决定性特征之一。研究人员发现，在仪式变成纯粹的社会和高度奇特之前，许多仪式开始是为了避免灾难。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后二句“New Year activities included fireworks, and resolutions-as well as some practices unique to specific cultures, such as coo
52、king black-eyed peas and greens in the southeastern United States.”（新年的活动包括烟花、新年愿望，以及一些特定文化的独特做法，如在美国东南部烹饪黑眼豌豆和绿色蔬菜。）可知，一些特定文化的独特的做法就被视作文化仪式，再结合C项的意思人们在清明节期间吃绿色的饺子，由此可以看出C项符合题意。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“But recently, researchers have come to realize that before rituals become purely social and highl
53、y peculiar, many have started out as attempts to avoid disasters.”（但最近，研究人员开始意识到，在仪式变成纯粹社会和高度奇特之前，许多仪式开始是为了避免灾难。）可知，许多仪式开始是为了避免灾难，使人们的生命免受威胁。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Not all rituals are effective because we dont always understand what is producing the risk we are trying to control.”（并不是所有的仪式都有效，因为
54、我们并不总是明白是什么在产生我们试图控制的风险。）可知，某些仪式是否适当要视当地情况而定。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Most scientists who study rituals consider their mysterious origins to be one of their defining characteristics. But recently, researchers have come to realize that before rituals become purely social and highly peculiar, many have
55、 started out as attempts to avoid disasters.”（大多数研究仪式的科学家认为，仪式的神秘起源是其决定性特征之一。但最近，研究人员开始意识到，在仪式变成纯粹的社会和高度奇特之前，许多仪式开始是为了避免灾难。）可知，本文主要讲述了仪式的存在虽然神秘，但是是有一定原因的。“仪式的存在是有原因的”最适合作文章标题。故选D项。DTypes of Social GroupsLife places us in a complex web of relationships with other people. Our humanness arises out of t
56、hese relationships in the course of social interaction. Moreover, our humanness must be sustained through social interaction - and fairly constantly so. When an association continues long enough for two people to become linked together by a relatively stable set of expectations, it is called a relat
57、ionship.People are bound within relationships by two types of bonds: expressive ties and instrumental ties. Expressive ties are social links formed when we emotionally invest ourselves in and commit ourselves to other people. Through association with people who are meaningful to us, we achieve a sen
58、se of security, love, acceptance, companionship, and personal worth. Instrumental ties are social links focused when we cooperate with other people to achieve some goal.Occasionally, this may mean working with, instead of against, competitors. More often, we simply cooperate with others to reach som
59、e end without endowing the relationship with any larger significance.Sociologists have built on the distinction between expressive and instrumental ties to distinguish between two types of groups: primary and secondary. A primary group involves two or more people who enjoy a direct, intimate, cohesi
60、ve relationship with one another. Expressive ties predominate in primary groups: we view the people as ends in themselves and valuable in their own right. A secondary group entails two or more people who are involved in an impersonal relationship and have come together for a specific, practical purp
61、ose. Instrumental ties predominate in secondary groups ; we perceive people as means to ends rather than as ends in their own right. sometimes primary group relationships evolve out of secondary group relationships. This happens in many work settings. People on the job often develop close relationsh
62、ips with coworkers as they come to share gripes, jokes, gossip, and satisfactions.A number of conditions enhance the likelihood that primary groups will arise. First, group size is important. We find it difficult to get to know people personally when they are milling about and dispersed in large gro
63、ups. In small groups we have a better chance to initiate contact and establish rapport with them. Second, face - to - face contact allows us to size up others. Seeing and talking with one another in close physical proximity makes possible a subtle exchange of ideas and feelings. And third, the proba
64、bility that we will develop primary group bonds increases as we have frequent and continuous contact. Our ties with people often deepen as we interact with them across time and gradually evolve interlocking habits and interests.Primary groups are fundamental to us and to society. Sociologists view p
65、rimary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society because they transmit, mediate, and interpret a societys cultural patterns and provide the sense of oneness so critical for social solidarity. Primary groups, then serve both as carriers of social norms and as enforcers of them.12.
66、According to Paragraph 1, which of the following statements is true of a relationship?A. It is a structure of associations with many people.B. It should be studied in the course of social interaction.C. It places great demands on people.D. It develops gradually over time.13. Which of the following c
67、an be inferred from the authors claim in paragraph 4 that primary group relationships sometimes evolve out of secondary group relationships?A. Secondary group relationships begin by being primary group relationships.B. A secondary group relationship that is highly visible quickly becomes a primary g
68、roup relationship.C. Sociologists believe that only primary group relationships are important to society.D. Even in secondary groups, frequent communication serves to bring people into close relationships.14 The phrase “size up” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “_”.A. enlargeB. evaluateC. imp
69、ressD. accept15. This passage is developed primarily by _.A. drawing comparisons between theory and practiceB. presenting two opposing theoriesC. defining important conceptsD. discussing causes and their effects【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们在关系中被两种纽带所束缚:表达性联系和工具性联系，分别说明了这两种联系的含
70、义，以及在此基础上的两种群体类型:主要群体和次要群体，以及这两种群体的含义和区别。以及提高初级群体出现可能性的三个条件。最后表达初级群体的意义：它是我们和社会的基础，它既是社会规范的载体，又是社会规范的执行者。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中When an association continues long enough for two people to become linked together by a relatively stable set of expectations, it is called a relationship.（当一段关系持续足够长的时间，使两个人通过
71、一组相对稳定的期望联系在一起时，这就叫做关系。）可知一段关系随着时间的推移而逐渐发展。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中This happens in many work settings. People on the job often develop close relationships with coworkers as they come to share gripes, jokes, gossip, and satisfactions.（这在很多工作环境中都会发生。在工作中，当人们分享抱怨、笑话、八卦和乐事时，他们经常会与同事建立亲密的关系。）可知从作者在第4段中提出的
72、主要群体关系有时由次要群体关系演变而来的观点中，我们可以推断出即使在第二群体中，频繁的交流也有助于人们建立亲密的关系。故选D。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文Seeing and talking with one another in close physical proximity makes possible a subtle exchange of ideas and feelings.可知近距离的观察和交谈使思想和感情的微妙交流成为可能。即面对面的接触让我们能够评估他人。故短语意思为“评估”，故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章主要内容，尤其是第二段主要说明了人们关系中的两种纽
73、带关系的含义，以及第四段说明了由这两种关系而发展而来的两个群体的含义和区别。可推知这篇文章主要是通过定义重要的概念来展开的。故选C。第二节(共5 小题;每小题2分.满分10分)根据短义内容.从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Getting your kid to bed at night is seriously one of the most challenging things youll ever have to do. Most kids are just so full of energy that theyll tire you out befor
74、e theyre halfway through their store of energy._16_However, its really not a great idea._17_The kids parents were asked to track how much screen time the kids were allowed along with their sleep patterns. They also had the kids wear wristwatches that track kids movement and surrounding light. This h
75、elped researchers keep track of how long kids were sleeping. The study found that kids who didnt spend time in front of screen before bed slept for 23 more minutes every week. And they also went to sleep about 34 minutes earlier than the kids playing iPads._18_quality of sleep is vastly important fo
76、r children.Former studies have found good quality sleep can influence a childs life in many ways, including affecting grades and also weight gain. Students with an “A”average slept for 30 or more minutes per night than those with a “D”or “F”average._19_Those with consistent and age-appropriate bedti
77、me had a healthier BMI(体重指数)than those without a consistent bedtime._20_Just like its important for adults to go to sleep without any distractions(使人分心的事), its even more important for kids.A. When youll have to worry about waking them up.B. Though that might not seem like so much more timeC. Hard as
78、 it is, its really important not to hand over an iPad to a child before bed.D. Researchers at the Arizona State University conducted a study with 547 kids aged 7 to 9.E. And children with irregular bedtime had a higher risk of having increased body weight.F. An easy thing to do to get your child int
79、o bed is giving in and allowing some iPad screen time.G. Getting to sleep on time and sleeping enough help contribute to improved performance in school.【答案】16. F 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了睡前玩电子产品对孩子的危害。【16题详解】根据上文“Most kids are just so full of energy that theyll tire you out before
80、 theyre halfway through their store of energy”可知，让孩子睡觉是件很费力的事，于是很多父母就会让孩子玩iPad，选项 F. An easy thing to do to get your child into bed is giving in and allowing some iPad screen time.(哄孩子上床最简单的方法就是给孩子一些看iPad的时间。)符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据下文“The kids parents were asked to track”和“The study found that”可知，本段讲述的是一
81、项研究，选项D. Researchers at the Arizona State University conducted a study with 547 kids aged 7 to 9.( 亚利桑那州立大学的研究人员对547名7到9岁的孩子进行了一项研究。) 符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“And they also went to sleep about 34 minutes earlier than the kids playing iPads.( 他们也比玩ipad的孩子早34分钟入睡。)”可知，睡前不玩iPads的孩子上床睡觉的时间要早34分钟，B选项中的that指代
82、这个时间，选项B. Though that might not seem like so much more time (虽然那看起来好像没有那么多的时间)为让步状语从句，与下文“quality of sleep is vastly important for children(睡眠质量对儿童非常重要)”构成完整语境。故选B。【19题详解】分析本段结构，第二句“Students with an “A”average slept for 30 or more minutes per night than those with a “D”or “F”average.( 平均成绩为A的学生比平均成绩
83、为D或F的学生每晚睡眠时间超过30分钟。)”是为了证明第一句“Former studies have found good quality sleep can influence a childs life in many ways, including affecting grades and also weight gain.(此前的研究发现，良好的睡眠会在很多方面影响孩子的生活，包括影响成绩和体重增加。)”中睡眠对成绩的影响，下面应该说明睡眠对体重的影响，选项E. And children with irregular bedtime had a higher risk of havin
84、g increased body weight. (而且，睡眠时间不规律的儿童体重增加的风险更高。)正是说明了不规律睡眠对孩子体重方面的危害，故选E。【20题详解】该段为最后一段，是对前文的总结。根据下一句“Just like its important for adults to go to sleep without any distractions(使人分心的事), its even more important for kids. (就像成年人睡觉时不受干扰一样重要，这对孩子来说更重要。)”可知，不要将Ipad交给孩子，选项C. Hard as it is, its really im
85、portant not to hand over an iPad to a child before bed.( 尽管很难，但睡前不要把iPad交给孩子，这一点非常重要。) 符合语境，故选C。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节；满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入下列空白处的最佳选项。Some of us may have a teacher that impacts us forever. Those teachers _21_ us to study hard and help us so m
86、uch. Teachers, who we will always remember, deserve _22_. I believe Mrs. Sheronn from Odyssey Charter School should _23_ to that sort. She has instructed me more than any other teacher, and she has _24_ me so much.Mrs. Sheronn was always _25_ . She always got up early and _26_ herself with housework
87、. If she wasnt on time, there was usually a funny story about her morning. She smiled constantly and had a fun _27_ in class, making us all laugh and enjoy school. Her smile, which set her _28_ , became something that my classmates and I could _29_ her by.Mrs. Sheronn would always cheer her _30_ up
88、with anything from funny group discussions to our weekly game of Sparkle. She would involve us in lively and exciting activities, through which excellent writing skills were _31_ . Those deep discussions helped us _32_ as a family and made me remember her as the most _33_ teacher I have ever had. Sh
89、e was our go-to teacher to talk to about our daily cares and _34_ in our little world.Mrs. Sheronn _35_ with me a lot. She would help me with my English skills, even when I was really far behind or just had a horrible _36_ . She also told me that school didnt have to be _37_ , but rather how we want
90、ed it to be; it was all _38_ on how we wanted to start the year and how we wanted to end it.Surely, we may have other amazing teachers who impressed us, _39_ Mrs. Sheronn did so much more. She was a teacher that positively _40_ students lives, so she was my nomination for the “Educator of the Year”.
91、21. A. allowB. preferC. motivateD. force22. A. recognitionB. fortuneC. equalityD. reputation23. A. devoteB. belongC. referD. turn24. A. criticizedB. discoveredC. convincedD. inspired25. A. honestB. curiousC. cheerfulD. careless26. A. busiedB. appliedC. spreadD. engaged27. A. expressionB. styleC. tim
92、eD. job28. A. asideB. offC. outD. apart29. A. identifyB. supportC. appreciateD. protect30. A. acquaintancesB. customersC. pupilsD. colleagues31. A. broughtB. thoughtC. lentD. taught32. A. fightB. bondC. marchD. resist33. A. considerateB. diligentC. sympatheticD. excited34. A. storiesB. worriesC. exa
93、msD. projects35. A. accompaniedB. workedC. playedD. agreed36. A. feelingB. nightmareC. paperD. incident37. A. boringB. happyC. interestingD. attractive38. A. determinedB. independentC. reliableD. dependent39. A. soB. andC. butD. though40. A. assessedB. consultedC. rememberedD. influenced【答案】21. C 22
94、. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Mrs. Sheehan热爱学生，不断鼓励学生学习，作者认为她是一位值得获得“年度老师”称号的老师。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些老师激励我们努力学习，给了我们很多帮助。A. allow允许；B. prefer偏爱；C. motivate促动，激发；D. force强迫。根据前一句“Some of us may have a tea
95、cher that impacts us forever. ”和空后“help us so much”可知，那些老师激励我们努力学习，给了我们帮助。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们永远不会忘记的老师，他们值得我们的认可。A. recognition认可；B. fortune幸运；C. equality平等；D. reputation声誉。根据空前“who we will always remember,”可知，这些我们不会忘记的老师值得我们的认可。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我相信Odyssey Charter School的Sheehan老师应该属于那种。这四
96、个选项和空后介词to可以构成固定短语。A. devote to投身于；B. belong to属于；C. refer to提到； D. turn to求助于。作者认为来自Odyssey Charter School的Mrs. Sheehan就属于（belong to）值得大家认可的那类老师。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她教我的比其他任何老师都多，她给了我很多启发。A. criticized批评；B. discovered发现；C. convinced说服；D. inspired启发，鼓舞。根据倒数第二段可知，Mrs. Sheehan鼓励（inspired）和帮助了作者。故选D
97、。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mrs. Sheehan总是很高兴。A. honest诚实的； B. curious好奇的；C. cheerful快乐的；D. careless粗心的。根据下文的“ had a fun in class, making us all laugh and enjoy school. ”可知，她是快乐的。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她总是起得很早，忙着做家务。 A. busied忙着做某事；B. applied申请，运用；C. spread传播；D. engaged参与，从事。根据空前“She always got up early”可
98、知，此处指早起忙着做家务。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她经常微笑，在课堂上有一个有趣的风格，让我们所有人笑，喜欢学校。A. expression表情；B. style风格；C. time时间；D. job工作。根据后文” making us all laugh and enjoy school.”可知，Mrs. Sheronn的课堂风格很有趣。故选B。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的微笑使她与众不同，我和我的同学都能通过她的微笑认出她。A. aside在旁边；B. off离开；C. out外出；D. apart分开。根据后文“became something tha
99、t my classmates and I could 9 her by.”可知，Mrs. Sheronn的微笑能让她与别人不同，这样作者和同学能通过她的微笑认出她。set sb. apart为固定短语，意为“使某人与众不同”。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. identify辨认；B. support 支持；C. appreciate感激；D. protect保护。根据前文“Her smile, which set her 8 , ”可知，因为Mrs. Sheronn的微笑让她与众不同，所以作者和同学们能通过她的微笑认出她。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意
100、：Mrs. Sheronn总是用各种各样的东西来鼓励她的学生，从有趣的小组讨论到我们每周的Sparkle游戏。A. acquaintances熟人，相识；B. customers顾客 ；C. pupils学生；D. colleagues同事。根据文章最后一句“She was a teacher that positively 20 students lives, so she was my nomination for the “Educator of the Year”.”可知，此处指用各种各样的东西鼓励学生。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会让我们参与到活泼有趣的活动中，通
101、过这些活动，我们学会了优秀的写作技巧。A. brought带来；B. thought思考；C. lent借出；D. taught教授。根据前文“She would involve us in lively and exciting activities,”可知，Mrs. Sheronn通过这些活动教授学生优秀的写作技巧。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些深入的讨论让我们像一家人一样团结在一起，也让我记得她是我遇到过的最体贴的老师。A. fight打架；B. bond结合；C. march使前进；D. resist抵抗。根据第12空后的as a family and helped
102、 me remember her可知，这些讨论让我们像一个家庭一样团结（bond）在一起。故选B。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. considerate体贴的；B. diligent勤奋的；C. sympathetic同情的；D. excited激动的。根据后文“ She was our go-to teacher to talk to about our daily cares”可知， Mrs. Sheehan是一位体贴的（considerate）老师。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是我们的启蒙老师，和她谈论我们在这个小世界里每天的关心的事和忧虑。A.
103、stories故事；B. worries担忧；C. exams考试；D. projects项目。根据空前“our daily cares”可知，空处需用名词worries与cares对应。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mrs. Sheehan给我做了很多工作。A. accompanied陪伴；B. worked工作；C. played玩耍；D. agreed同意。根据后文描述“She would help me with my English skills”可知，Mrs. Sheehan在作者的学习上做了很多工作。故选B。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她会帮助我提高英语
104、水平，即使我落后很多，或者我的测试很糟糕。A. feeling感觉；B. nightmare噩梦；C. paper试卷；D. incident事故。根据前文“She would help me with my English skills”可知，Mrs. Sheehan帮助作者提高英语水平，即使在作者考试很糟糕的情况下。故选C。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她还告诉我，学校不必枯燥乏味，而是我们希望它怎样;这完全取决于我们想如何开始和结束这一年。A. boring无聊的；B. happy开心的；C. interesting有趣的；D. attractive吸引人的。根据后文描述“bu
105、t rather how we wanted it to be”可知，此处指学校的学习不一定无聊乏味。故选A。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. determined有决心的；B. independent独立的；C. reliable可靠的；D. dependent依赖的。根据后文“on how we wanted to start the year and how we wanted to end it.”可知，此处指如果度过学习生活，这完全取决于我们想如何开始和结束这一年。故选D。【39题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当然，我们可能有其他给我们留下深刻印象的优秀老师，但 M
106、rs. Sheronn做得更多。A. so因此；B. and和；C. but但是；D. though尽管。根据前后句意可知，此处表示转折关系，需用连词but。故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是一名积极影响学生生活的教师，所以她是我提名的“年度教育家”。A. assessed评定，评估；B. consulted咨询；C. remembered记得；D. influenced影响。根据文章第一句“Some of us may have a teacher that impacts us forever.”和最后一句“ so she was my nomination for the
107、 “Educator of the Year”.”可知，因为对学生生活带来了积极影响，所以作者提名Mrs. Sheehan是“年度教育家”。故选D。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。This happened when I was ten. On a normal Sunday, I went to _41_ barber shop where I always went. That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who _42_ (j
108、oin) the shop recently.So I sat _43_ the haircut. The uncle asked me how long I wanted it. I answered, “Just do as my dad had instructed you the last time.”He smiled. Before starting the haircut, he added, “_44_ if I keep it long?”I knew he was joking. _45_ I joked too. I said, “I cant guarantee wha
109、t would happen to your shop then!”The moment I said it, the assistant shouted from behind. “How dare do you say that! Who are you _46_ (take) us down, eh?”I admit I was too scared at that moment and the uncle _47_ (stand) beside me was giving me an awkward look.From that day on, I completely stopped
110、 joking about anyones profession and works. It is one of the most important _48_ (incident) in my life, _49_ taught me to respect the profession and works of a person, no matter how small they are.Im _50_ (gratitude) that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words. W
111、ords do make a difference.【答案】41. the 42. had joined 43. for 44. What 45. So 46. to take 47. standing 48. incidents 49. which 50. grateful【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者小时候在一次理发时跟理发师开玩笑的经历，作者从中认识到了言语的力量。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：在一个平常的星期天，我去了我常去的那家理发店。此处特指常去的理发店，应用定冠词the。故填the。【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：那天，和理发师一起来的还有一个刚到店里来的店员。
112、非限制性定语从句中表示动作发生在“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had joined。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：所以我坐下来理发。结合句意表示“坐着”短语为sit for。故填for。【44题详解】考查固定句型。句意：在开始理发之前，他补充说，“如果我留长一点怎么样呢？”结合句意表示“如果将会怎么样？”可知句型为what if，句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：所以我也开玩笑说。上文提到作者知道对方在开玩笑，后文说自己也开玩笑，结合前后文可知为因果关系，应用连词so，句首单词首字母要大写。故填So。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你以为你是谁，能把我们
113、打倒？此处为短语be to do sth.表示将要做某事。故填to take。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我承认那一刻我太害怕了，站在我旁边的叔叔给我一个尴尬的眼神。分析句子结构可知stand在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语uncle构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填standing。【48题详解】考查名词复数。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事件之一，它教会了我要尊重一个人的职业和工作，无论他们是多么渺小。incident为可数名词，此处为“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”。故填incidents。【49题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事件之一，它教会了我
114、要尊重一个人的职业和工作，无论他们是多么渺小。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词one，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【50题详解】考查形容词。句意：我很感激那个助手的回应，让我重新思考了自己话语的力量。空处作表语，表示“感激”应用形容词grateful。故填grateful。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）
115、，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下面一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。With a helmet, a small camera and a climbing stick, Cheng Yongmao, his work is repairing the Great Wall, is headed for the Jiankou section of the Great Wall early in the morning. It is one of the mo
116、st dangerous parts of the Great Wall. To less the transportation burden, animals are used to carry bricks all the way to the foot of the mountain, and manual workers then shoulder bricks to the repair sites. Before arriving at the repair sites, they are often worn out.The size of the Great Wall bric
117、ks is different from those of ordinary bricks. Cheng firmly disagrees with the idea to replace the ancient bricks with similar ones to cut cost. For Cheng, even after hundreds of years, the materials, crafts or practices are used in ancient buildings still need to be followed.Cheng still insists cli
118、mbing the Great Wall at most once a week to provide technical guidance for repair workers. He hopes he can contribute more to cultural relics protection.【答案】1. hiswhose2. headedheading 3. lesslessen 4. BeforeAfter5. thosethat 6. costcosts 7. orand 8.去掉are9.在insist后加on 10. mostleast【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章
119、讲述了程永茂作为长城的修理工，认真工作的事情。【详解】1. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：一大早，正在修缮长城的程永茂带着头盔、小相机和登山杖，正朝着长城尖口段行进。分析可知，后面是非限定性定语从句，先行词是Cheng Yongmao，指人，与从句主语work是所属关系，应用关系代词whose作定语修饰名词work。故将his改为whose。2. 考查现在分词。句意：一大早，正在修缮长城的程永茂带着头盔、小相机和登山杖，正朝着长城尖口段行进。该句主语Cheng Yongmao，谓语动词是head for的某种形式，但主谓是主动关系，所以要用现在进行时“is/are +现在分词”结构来表达即将发生的
120、事情。故将headed改为heading。3. 考查动词。句意：为了减轻运输负担，人们用动物把砖头一路运到山脚下，然后由体力劳动者扛着砖头到维修点。根据句意可知，“To less the transportation burden”在句中应是动词不定式作目的状语，所以要用动词lessen“减轻”。故将less改为lessen。4. 考查介词。句意：到达维修点后，他们经常筋疲力尽。根据前后句意可知，采取这种运输方式，到达维修点后，人已筋疲力尽。结合语境可知，此处应是“到达维修点后才精疲力尽”，故应用介词after。故将Before改为After。5. 考查代词。句意：长城砖的尺寸与普通砖不同。根
121、据句意,此处指代的是前面的The size“大小、尺寸”，且是单数，所以应用that指代单数。故将those改为that。6. 考查名词的数。句意：程永茂坚决不同意用类似的砖块代替古老的砖块来降低成本。名词cost“费用”，根据句意可知，这里指的是相关的各项费用，所以要用名词复数。故将cost改为costs。7. 考查连词。句意：对程永茂来说，即使几百年过去了，古建筑中使用的材料、工艺和做法仍然需要遵循。根据该句句意可知，此处非选择关系，是并列关系。故将or改为and。8. 考查系动词。句意：对程永茂来说，即使几百年过去了，古建筑中使用的材料、工艺和做法仍然需要遵循。分析句子可知，该句的谓语动
122、词是need，所以动词use要用非谓语形式，use与逻辑主语the materials, crafts or practices是动宾关系，所以要用过去分词作后置定语，系动词are多余。故去掉are。9. 考查介词。句意：程永茂仍然坚持每周至少爬一次长城，为维修工人提供技术指导。固定搭配insist on doing sth.(坚持做某事)。故在insist后加on。10. 考查副词。句意：程永茂仍然坚持每周至少爬一次长城，为维修工人提供技术指导。at most(至多)，at least(至少)，根据文章大意可知，程永茂工作认真勤奋，所以此处应表达他每周至少有一次去长城。故将most改为lea
123、st。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 假定你是李华，高三的生活即将结束，亲情、友情、师生情弥足珍贵。请你给你的父母、同学或老师写一封信，要点如下：1. 写信的目的；2. 你们之间难忘的事情。注意：1. 词数100词左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear parents,Words have always failed me when I have a strong desire to express my thanks to you for the loving care you have shown for me, especially since I went
124、to senior three.There were terrible times when I had problems in carrying out my assignments. It was Mother who approached, accompanying me with a cup of fragrant milk in your hand; it was Father who helped me regain the confidence to overcome the difficulties, challenging me to succeed in life.As y
125、ou know, those good memories will never fade away. I love you!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给自己的父母、同学或老师写一封信，向他们表达弥足珍贵的亲情、友情或师生情。【详解】1.词汇积累感谢：gratitudethanks任务：taskassignment克服：get overovercome帮助某人做某事：assist sb. to do sth.=help sb. do sth.2.句式拓展简单句变强调句原句：As you know, those good memories will n
126、ever fade away.拓展句：As you know, it is those good memories that will never fade away.【点睛】高分句型1 Words have always failed me when I have a strong desire to express my thanks to you for the loving care you have shown for me, especially since I went to senior three. (划线部分运用了省略that/which引导的限制性定语从句)高分句型2 It was Mother who approached, accompanying me with a cup of fragrant milk in your hand; it was Father who helped me regain the confidence to overcome the difficulties, challenging me to succeed in life. (运用了强调句型结构，现在分词作状语)
