1、课时作业9Section Grammar单句语法填空(过去完成时的被动语态与间接引语)1By the time I got to the school, the first class _ (finish)2All the preparation for the task _ (complete), and we went home happily.3The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that fourfifths of the tickets _ (book)4By the end of last year, a gr
2、eat many cars _ (make) in this factory.5It was the third time my car _ (repair) in this garage.6By the time he graduated from college, a freeway _ (build) near his village.7In yesterdays newspaper, it was reported that great damage _ (do) by the flood.8How was your weekend, Rose?Awful! This was the
3、first time I _ (leave) alone at home, bored to death.9By the time I got to school, the whole classroom _ (decorate) with colorful lights.10By the time he got home, the lunch _ (cook)11He asked if I _ (finish) writing the letter.12Our physics teacher told us that light _ (travel) faster than sound.13
4、Mr Green asked Lily _ she had written to her father the day _.14She asked me whether I _ (see) a film like that before.15Tom asked me if I _ (be) to the Great Wall before.答案与解析1had been finished解析：当got to the school这一动作发生时，finish这一动作已经完成，且finish和the first class为动宾关系。2had been completed解析：all the pre
5、paration for the task与complete之间为动宾关系，且在went home这一动作发生时，complete这一动作已经完成。3had been booked解析：book动作发生在entered之前，故用过去完成时的被动语态形式。4had been made解析：by与过去的时间连用作状语，句子采用过去完成时，a great many cars与make之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。5had been repaired解析：It was the third time.从句中用过去完成时，my car与repair之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态形式。
6、6had been built解析：by the time过去的时间作状语，句子采用过去完成时。7had been done解析：空白处动作发生在was reported 之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时，damage 与 do之间为被动关系。8had been left解析：I与 leave 之间为被动关系，且已发生，故用被动语态形式。this was the first time. 从句中用过去完成时。9had been decorated解析：by the time过去的时间，主句用过去完成时，the whole classroom 与decorate 之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时的
7、被动语态形式。10had been cooked解析：表示过去的过去用过去完成时。11had finished解析：表示过去之前的事用过去完成时。12travels解析：“光比声音传播地快”是客观真理，故变为间接引语时，时态不变。13whether/if; before解析：间接引语中主句的谓语动词是asked时，宾语从句用if或whether引导，且在间接引语中，应将yesterday改为the day before。14had seen解析：表示过去之前的事用过去完成时。15had been解析：主句用一般过去时，宾语从句采用过去的某一时态；have been to去过(某地)。.阅读理解
8、Zero gravity looks cool. But what about the thing no one likes to talk about? Yes, that is right: going to the bathroom. Zero gravity makes this everyday task quite a challenge. Astronauts have to be toilettrained all over again.The Apollo astronauts raised themselves off the seat of their chairs an
9、d stuck a clear plastic bag to their back sides with sticky strips. A second astronaut watched closely to be sure no waste matter escaped the seal. (You would not want that stuff floating around the cabin！) When the deed was done, the astronaut cleaned up with a piece of plastic attached to the insi
10、de of the bag, removed the bag, dropped a disinfectant (消毒剂) pill in with the waste matter, and put the whole thing, sealed, into a special container.Donald WRethke, an engineer for Hamilton Standard Space Systems, developed a more private way to answer natures call: the space toilet. It is somewhat
11、 like the kind of toilet one would find on commercial airplaneswith unique adaptations for zero gravity, of course. For instance, it has thigh bars that keep the astronaut from floating off the seat.The astronaut (male or female) defecates (排便) in a bag and urinates (排尿) in a hose. Solid and liquid
12、wastes are kept separated because at least 85% of the urine is recycled and, yes, after careful filtration (过滤), used for drinking and other purposes. (Water is always in demand in space.) A vacuum facility sucks the waste materials into the toilet, where the waste is compacted into hamburgerlike pa
13、tties for easy storage. Although not exactly like an earthbound visit to the toilet, it is at the very least much more private than in the early days of space travel.1According to the first paragraph, the lack of the gravity can turn something as simple as _ into a major challenge.Aeating Btaking ba
14、thsCsleeping Dgoing to the restroom2How did astronauts use toilet systems in the Apollo days?ANone of the wastes were separated as they are now.BSolid wastes were compressed (压缩) and stored on board.CThe toilet units used water to remove the wastes through the system.DThe astronauts each used their
15、own private restroom.3To ensure the user remains seated, the toilet was equipped with _.Aa plastic bag Ba sticky stripCa wide hose Dthigh bars4What can be inferred from the fact that most of the astronauts urine is recycled?AThe recycled water tastes better.BWater is limited on the space shuttle.CIt
16、 is very convenient to get their urine recycled.DSpace science includes recycling urine.答案与解析本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在空间站是怎样上卫生间的。1D细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Yes, that is right: going to the bathroom. Zero gravity makes this everyday task quite a challenge.”可知，在没有重力的情况下，去厕所都是一种挑战。故选D。2A推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“.put the whole
17、 thing, sealed, into a special container.”可知，当时宇航员排出的所有废物都会被密封，放在一个特殊的容器里。由此推知，那个时候大小便是不分的，而现在是分开的，小便被循环利用。故选A。3D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“.it has thigh bars that keep the astronaut from floating off the seat.”可知，厕所安装了thigh bars，故选D。4B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“.because at least 85% of the urine is recycled and, yes, a
18、fter careful filtration (过滤), used for drinking and other purposes. (Water is always in demand in space.)”可知，至少85%的尿液被循环利用，经过仔细过滤之后，被用来饮用和其他用途(在太空水总是需要的)。由此推知，在航天飞机上水是有限的。故选B。.阅读填句As we all know, friendship is of great importance in our daily life. A friend can give us help and share our difficultie
19、s and happiness. But how to make friends is still difficult to some of us. _1_1Be friendly to others. _2_ You should try to make a stranger feel at home wherever he happens to be. Think more of others than of yourself and never judge a person by his appearance and clothes.2Be reliable. If you and yo
20、ur friend agree to meet somewhere, dont be late. If youre not going to make it on time or make it at all, call him as soon as you realize it. _3_ Be someone that people know they can depend on.3_4_ Listen carefully to what people say, remember important details about them (their names, their likes a
21、nd dislikes), ask questions about their interests, and just spend the time in learning more about them.4Encourage your friends. A true friend always gives courage to his friends. _5_ Never make fun of or laugh at your friends in front of others. You should come to support them.ABe a good listener.BW
22、hen you say youll do something, do it.CA friend to all is a friend to none.DThe following information can give you some tips.EAnd never leave your friend when he is in trouble.FSmile at others and you are sure to get a smile in return.GHe will remain with them in both good and bad times.答案15DFBAG.语法
23、填空As we all know, getting kids involved in the kitchen is a great way to get them interested in eating food thats fresh and good for them. Get them eating healthy food because if they enjoy it first later on they _1_ (continue) with the habit for life.When I was a kid, there were a couple of years _
24、2_ my brother and I were in charge _3_ Sunday lunches for our family of six. We would take _4_ (turn) in creating the main meal and dessert and loved it.What I gained from the experience was an _5_ (appreciate) of what goes to create tasty healthy meals from. It was a lot of fun going through recipe
25、 books and _6_ (decide) what to create each week.All you need is a big blank page scrapbook (剪贴簿), scissors, glue and pencils. After your kids have tried out a nice recipe that theyd like _7_ (create) again, just type it up, print it out or photocopy (影印) it and glue into the scrapbook or else simpl
26、y write _8_ in directly. Younger kids will love drawing and colouring the dish on the page facing the recipe, just like _9_ real recipe book. Before long youll have a _10_ (person) collection of dishes that your kids will love to make and eat.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._答案与解析让孩子进厨房，不仅能培养孩子的创造力还能让他们喜
27、欢吃新鲜并且有益的东西。1will continue考查时态。此处谈论的是将来的情况，因此应该用一般将来时。2when考查定语从句。先行词是a couple of years，从句缺少时间状语，因此填when引导定语从句。3of考查介词。in charge of掌管，负责。4turns考查名词。take turns in doing sth.轮流做某事。5appreciation考查词性转换。根据空前的不定冠词an可知，此处需要一个单数可数名词。appreciate的名词是appreciation。6deciding考查非谓语动词。所填词与and前的going through是并列的，因此应该
28、用动词的ing形式。如果没有整理清楚句子成分，没有关注and的作用，则很容易受其他动词的干扰而误写成decided。7to create考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth.愿意做某事。8it考查代词。根据空前面连续出现的三个代词it可知，此处应该填it。9a考查冠词。此处泛指“一本真正的食谱”，故用a。10personal考查词性转换。所填词介于不定冠词和名词之间，因此应该是形容词。personal“个人的”。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Colleges are attaching too much importance to tests
29、. Students who receive higher scores on the SAT and the ACT are considered to be more intelligent and as a result they are usually admitted to better schools.However, these tests dont necessarily ensure ones future success in life. To become better testtakers than others, some students would like to
30、 have more preparations. Several SAT and ACT prepclasses are offered by various companies and individual tutors, giving rich students a better chance to improve their scores. Some students even take medicine before their test. Although it is not proved that taking these drugs will increase a student
31、s score, the nature of the drug is to increase alertness (敏捷), concentration, and mental processing speed.In addition, these tests cant show some of the skills and characters that are a key part to success. According to Bob Schaeffer of the National Center for Fair and Open Testing, creativity, pers
32、everance and selfdiscipline (自律) are just a few basic qualities that are useful in the professional world that arent measured by these tests. A high test score tells you nothing about how a student will handle the future life or how well they will adapt to their surroundings.What colleges can do is
33、weigh the students academic track, such as what classes they took and how difficult they were, or what extracurricular activities the students were involved in over their test scores. These things dont necessarily predict what the students will do in college, but if the admissions would pay more att
34、ention to four years of hard work instead of three hours of filling in bubbles (泡沫), they might get more successful and wellrounded group of graduates._范文Colleges are too dependent on tests in admitting their new students.(要点1) Nevertheless, these tests, in which students can get high scores by taki
35、ng extra prepclasses or medicines, cannot guarantee them a rosy future.(要点2) Besides, these tests are not able to give an accurate picture of students full potential.(要点3) Therefore, to make sure they can get allround top graduates, colleges should take the students academic track into consideration.(要点4)
