1、第二部分语法专项突破第二板块攻克重难动词专题四虚拟语气 对 点 训 练 .单句语法填空(高考真题改编)1. (2019年天津卷)The workers were not better organized, otherwise they _ (accomplish) the task in half the time. 解析：句意：工人们没有被更好地组织，否则他们会用一半的时间完成任务。此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，would have done sth.意为“本来能够做某事”。答案：would have accomplished2. (2018年天津卷)If we _ (catch) the
2、flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.解析：句意：如果昨天我们赶上那趟航班，我们现在正在沙滩上享受我们的假期。if从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，其谓语动词需用“had过去分词”形式。答案：had caught3. (2018年江苏卷)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _ (have) a second chance to become more involved.解析：句意：这个村子里的人们有良好的社交生活，我希望自己
3、能再获得一次机会去更多地参与其中。wish后面的宾语从句往往用虚拟语气，此处表达现在的一个愿望，谓语动词要用过去式，故填had。答案：had4. (2018年北京卷)They might have found a better hotel if they _ (drive) a few more kilometers.解析：句意：如果他们再多行驶几千米，他们或许就会找到一个更好的宾馆了。根据题干中主句的谓语might have found可知，本句是与过去事实相反的假设，因此if引导的从句中谓语动词形式应用“had done”形式，故填had driven。答案：had driven5. (2
4、017年北京卷)If the new safety system _ (put) to use, the accident would never have happened.解析：根据主句确定是对过去情况的假设，所以从句用“had done”形式， system与put to use是被动关系，故填had been put。答案：had been put6. (2017年江苏卷)_ (be) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.解析：虚拟语气中，be动词统一
5、用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were/Should/Had I.，故填Were。答案：Were7. (2017年天津卷)Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes. Otherwise, I wouldnt _ (be) able to reach her yesterday.解析：句意：你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。此处Otherwise (否则)相当于一个条件状语从句，由yesterday可知，本句对过去情况进行虚拟，由此可以判断出主句用wouldnt have done。答案
6、：have been8. (2016年浙江卷)Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDSrelated deaths wouldnt _ (fall) since their highest in 2005.解析：句意：要是没有政府和科学家的合作，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从2005年的最高值降下来。从句“Had.not worked together”是对过去情况的假设，所以主句谓语要用wouldnt have done。答案：have fallen9. (2016年北京卷)Why didnt you tell
7、me about your trouble last week? If you _ (tell) me, I could have helped.解析：句意：你上周为什么不把你的困难告诉我呢？如果你告诉了我，我就能够帮你了。根据题干中的“Why didnt you tell me”和“could have helped”可知，此处表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以if条件句的谓语动词用had told。答案：had told10. (2016年天津卷)I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadnt been wearing one, I _ (injure)解析：句意
8、：我当时系着安全带。如果没系的话，我会受伤的。根据题干中的“If I hadnt been wearing one”可知，此处表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以主句的谓语用would have been injured。答案：would have been injured11. (2015年安徽卷)It is lucky we booked a room, or we _ (have) nowhere to stay now.解析：句意：很幸运，我们预订了一个房间，否则，我们现在就没有地方可以住了。由句意可知，or前面的句子是真实的情况，or后面的句子是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故空处用“wo
9、uld do”形式。答案：would have12. (2015年重庆卷)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway _ (write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.解析：句意：如果没有战时经历的话，海明威就不会写出他著名的小说永别了，武器。without 构成的介词短语相当于与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句；根据语境可知，此处表示对过去情况的假设，故要用“would have done”形式，又因为此处表示否定意义，故填wouldnt have written。答案：wouldnt have written13.
10、 (2015年北京卷)If I _ (see) it with my own eyes, I wouldnt have believed it.解析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我是不会相信的。由主句谓语“wouldnt have believed”可知，此处是与过去事实相反的假设，故if从句中谓语动词应为hadnt seen。答案：hadnt seen14. (2015年天津卷)I wish I _ (be)at my sisters wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.解析：句意：要是上周二我
11、参加了我姐姐的婚礼就好了，可是那时我正在纽约出差。wish后的宾语从句用过去完成时表示对过去情况的假设。答案：had been15. (2015年陕西卷)Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I _ (dance) as well as her.解析：句意：Ellen是一个非常优秀的舞者，我希望我能跳得像她一样好。wish后面的宾语从句用一般过去时表示对现在情况的假设。答案：danced.单句改错1. (2016年全国卷)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby._解析：sug
12、gest表示“建议”时，后跟宾语从句，从句的谓语动词用“should do”形式， should可以省略。答案：canshould或去掉can2. (2015年四川卷)If you are me, would you talk to them?_解析：根据句意可知，此处是对现在情况的假设，故把are改为were。答案：arewere3It is high time you go to school._解析：Its high time (that).意为“该是的时候了”，that从句的谓语动词用过去式或“should do”形式，should不可以省略。答案：gowent或you后加should4If only you listened to my speech then._解析：根据时间状语then可知，此处是对过去情况的假设，故在you后加had。答案：you后加had5The expression on his face suggested that he be very tired._解析：此处suggest意为“暗示，表明”，从句的谓语动词要依实际情况而定，故把be改为was。答案：bewas
