1、选择性必修第四册 Unit 1Science Fiction主题语境：人与社会(科技与创新)【话题词汇】1.innovation n. 创新；革新2.hardware n. 硬件；硬设备3.database n. 数据库4.ebook n. 电子书5.password n. 密码6.smartphone n. 智能手机7.automatic adj. 自动的 8.install vt. 安装9.upload vt. 上传10.calculate vt. 计算11.browse vt. 浏览12.reliable adj. 可信赖的；可信任的13.portable adj. 可携带的14.dig
2、ital adj. 数字的；数码的15.intelligent adj. 智能的；有才智的16.manual adj. 手工的；手动的【话题短语】1.log in/on 登陆2.log off/out 退出3.save the data 存储数据4.shut down/off 关闭；关机5.break down 系统瘫痪6.artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能7.the information superhighway 信息高速公路8.make a breakthrough 突破9.Information Technology 信息技术10.remote contr
3、ol 远程遥控【话题佳句】1.In 2015, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the Noble Prize in Physiology or Medicine due to the great breakthrough she had made in medicine。由于在医学方面取得巨大突破，中国科学家屠呦呦2015年获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。2.Since the first spaceship was launched, some scifi novels and the space toys have been launched one afte
4、r another.自从第一艘宇宙飞船发射以来，一些科幻小说和太空玩具也陆续上市。3.In the nearest future, social robots will gain greater popularity among young people.在不远的将来，社交机器人将在年轻人中越来越受欢迎。【话题练习】1.You need to key in your password to log in/on.你需要输入密码才能登录。2.In recent years, with the rapid development of the technology, the 3D printing
5、has made a huge breakthrough in the field of medical and education.近年来，随着技术的发展，3D打印已率先在教育、医疗领域获得应用上的突破。.重点单词1_ n. 小说；虚构故事2_ vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除3_ vt. 表明；宣称；公布4_ vt. & vi. 假设；假定5_ vt. 计算；核算；预测6_ adj. 更好的；占优势的7_ n. 劳动(者)；体力劳动vi. 奋斗；努力工作8_ n. 分开；分离；差异；除(法)9_ n. 强烈的欲望；冲动vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐10_ vt.&vi. 爆炸；爆破1
6、1_ n. 庄严；庄重；尊严12_ n. 约会；预约；委任.拓展单词1appoint vt.&vi.委派；任命_ n约会；预约；委任2declare vt.表明；宣称；公布_ n(纳税品等的)申报；宣布；公告；申诉书3presume vt.&vi.假设；假定_ adj.假定的；推测的_ n放肆，傲慢；推测4calculate vt.&vi.集中；聚集_ n计算器_ n计算；估计；计算的结果；深思熟虑5act vt.&vi.行动；表现；起作用；扮演(角色)_ n男/女演员_ n行为；行动；活动_ adj.积极的；活跃的；主动的；有效的；现役的_ n活动；行动；活跃6divide vt.&vi.(
7、使)分开；分成；除_ n分开；分离；差异；除(法)7urge n冲动vt.催促；力劝_ adj.紧急的 ，急迫的_ adv.紧急地 ，急迫地_ n紧急；催促；紧急的事8explode vt.&vi.爆炸；爆破_ n爆炸_ adj.爆炸性的；爆发性的；n.炸药；爆炸物9state n国家；州；情境；vt.规定；声明；陈述_ n声称；声明；陈述_ n夸大；夸张 10max n最大量；最大树_ vt.使最大化，充分利用_ n最大值；adj.最大极限的；最高的联想拓展男性/女性同一职业写法不同的词：actor/actresswaiter/waitresshost/hostessgod/goddessp
8、rince/princessde结尾动词变成名词时后缀为sion的词：explodeexplosiondecidedecisionconcludeconclusionincludeinclusionexcludeexclusion.核心短语1_ 科幻小说2_ 检测；测试3_ 更像是；更接近4_ 根据；以的方式(基准)5_ 事物的利与弊；支持与反对6_ 比更好；更胜一筹7_ 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手8_ 与冲突或抵触9_ 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是10_ (逐渐)减少；消失11_ 有强烈的欲望做某事联想拓展out的短语荟萃test out 检测；测试turn out 朝外；结果是cut
9、 out 切断；删除；停止run out 用光；耗尽let out 释放；泄漏come out 出版；开花；结果是give out 分发；释放“havea/announ”短语荟萃have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事have a preference for 对有偏爱have a passion for 对有热情have a talent/gift for 对有天赋.重点句型1it作形式主语的主语从句 _ he looked so human. (课本P2)机器人如此通人性，这使她心烦和害怕。2“there be” 句型的变形As she turned around, _ Glad
10、ys Claffern. (课本P2)她刚一转过身来，就看到格拉迪丝克拉芬站在那儿。 3It is/was.that 强调结构 _ at ten oclock today _ the first of all Time Machines began its career. (课本P8)就在十点整，第一个时间机器开始工作了。At times she _ (有人看到她骑着毛驴)a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.高频考点探究.核心词汇1appointmentn约会；预约；委任【典型例句】Ms. Payne said she wa
11、s honoured to accept the appointment and looked forward to its challenges. 佩恩女士说她很荣幸接受这一任命，并期待着它所带来的挑战。(1)have/make an appointment with sb. 和某人约好(2)appoint vt. 任命；委派；指定；预约appoint sb. (as) sth./ sb. be appointed as sth. 委任某人职位appoint sb. to do sth. 指定某人做某事(3)the appointed time 指定时间【练透考点】单句语法填空Id love
12、 to make an _ (appoint) with Dr. White.Tom _ (appoint) as manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.Results may be realized at the _ (appoint) time.【佳句背诵】2020全国卷应用文写作The participants, eager and energetic, gathered together at the appointed time, and throw themselves forwards
13、from the starting line like arrows at the school gate at 7：00 am.兴奋而又充满活力的参赛者在指定时间集合，于早上7：00从校门口出发。2declare vt.表明；宣称；公布【典型例句】She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day. 她听托尼说他明天并不想离开她。(1)declare war on 向宣战declare independence/bankrupt 宣布独立/破产(2)declare. (to be/as). 宣布成为(3)d
14、eclare for/against 表示赞成/反对(4)declaration n. 声称；声明the Declaration of Independence 独立宣言【练透考点】单句语法填空If nothing _ (declare), you can go through the green channel.Britain declared war _ Germany after Germany invaded Poland in September 1939.When expressing his opinion，he declared _ the policy，because he
15、thought it could be of great benefit to the economy.【佳句背诵】My desire is to work in a technology giant as a program designer. My parents do not declare for the idea that I should work in a technology giant as a programmer, because they concern that I may take too much pressure. 我的愿望是去一家科技巨头担任程序员，但是我的父
16、母不同意我的观点，因为他们担心我会承担太大的压力。3superior adj. 上级的；优秀的n上级，长官；优胜者【典型例句】In scifi stories, robots often become superior and take over.在科幻故事中，机器人往往凌驾于人类并接管世界。(1)be superior/inferior to. 比高级/低级(2)superior intelligence 更强的智力 the superior team 更优秀的队伍be superior in number 数量上占优【巧学速记】自身含有比较意义的形容词(这些形容词没有比较级和最高级) su
17、perior更高级的；上级的inferior 更低级的；下级的senior 年长的；高级的；地位较高的Junior 年少的；低级的；地位较低的【练透考点】单句语法填空/完成句子Amy was chosen for the position because she was far superior _ any other candidate.Not only was our defect rate _ (low), but the architecture and design were _ (super)It is the _ (更强的智力) and the use of language t
18、hat distinguish man from the other animals.4urge n强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐【典型例句】I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes.我迫切想看在我眼前一闪而过的这些东西。(1)have an urge to do sth. 迫切想做某事(2)urge sth./sb.on 催促某物/某人前进urge sb. to do/into doing sth. 催促某人做某事urge that.(should
19、) do sth. 极力主张；强调It is urged that.(should) do sth. 坚决要求(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的(4)urgency n. 紧急情况【巧学速记】以ent结尾的adj.变成名词时需要变成ency结尾的词：urgenturgencyfluentfluencyfrequentfrequencyemergentemergency【练透考点】单句语法填空/同义转换The refugees in the floodhit area are in _ (urge) need of food, medicine and shelters.It is s
20、trongly urged that the library _ (keep) open during the vacation.There is an increasing number of citizens _ (urge) the government into _ (do) more for the disabled.Organize your goals based on two criteriathe degree of _ (urge) and importance.随着期末考试的来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。Our teacher _ with the final exam d
21、rawing near.Our teacher urges _ with the final exam drawing near.Our teacher urges _， as the final exam is drawing near.【佳句背诵】Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was beyond our range, so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look at least. 虽然她的描述听着不错，但是价格超出了我们的能力范围，所以我们拒绝了。
22、但是她极力劝说我们至少看一看。.核心短语5on a.basis 根据；以的方式【教材原句】Money paid for work or service, typically on a daily or weekly basis.按日或是周结算的工资。(1)on a daily/weekly basis 每天/每周on a regular basisregularly 有规律地(2)base vt. 以为根据n. 基部；基地；基础base.on. 以为根据/基础be based on/upon 以为基础/依据(3)be on the basis of. 以为基础/依据basically adv.
23、 基本上，大体上【练透考点】单句语法填空_ (base) on emotion，you will never make any wise decision.With our knowledge _ (base) on practice，we can make great contributions to our country.2017全国卷书面表达First，he showed us the _ (base) steps and skills of papercutting.【写作金句】Just as the saying goes，“One tree doesnt make a fores
24、t.”；our success is based on/upon cooperating with others.常言道，独木不成林。我们的成功建立在与他人合作的基础上。6take over 占上风；取而代之；接管【典型例句】In scifi stories, robots often become superior and take over.在科幻故事中，机器人往往凌驾于人类并接管世界。【拓展延伸】over短语总结take over 接管；获得对的控制或管理hand over 交出；移交turn over 反复思考；翻阅drop over 顺便来访pull over 靠边停车get ove
25、r 克服；恢复过来blow over 吹散；平息；淡忘【练透考点】用以上over的动词短语填空He noticed a man behind him in a blue Ford gesticulating to _.Now Ill _ a new leaf and have a family.It took me a very long time to _ the shock of her death.Rumours are rumours. It will soon _._ to our house for a visit and have a drink sometime. 7or ra
26、ther 更确切地说(插入语)【典型例句】So Claire borrowed some library books for him to read, or rather, to scan.所以，克莱尔借了一些图书馆的书让他读，或者更确切的说，去扫描。(1)or rathermore specifically 更确切地说(插入语)(2)ratheron the contrary 相反的(3)rather than(前后连接形式一致， to可省略)而不是【练透考点】用rather，or rather和rather than 完成下列句子：Some also blame their parents
27、their genes. But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because they are normal in shape, _， slim.2015福建完形She learned to appreciate life _ judge everything so harshly. Facing up to your problem _ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.【写作金句】She didnt lose heart. Rather, it
28、 made her fall in love with dance and determined to become a successful disabled dancer.她并没有失去信心。反而，这让她爱上了舞蹈并决心成为一名成功的残疾舞蹈家。.典型句式精析8It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。(P4)【句型公式】“It beadj.that从句”是固定句式， 其中it是形式主语， 真正的主语是that引导的从句。it作形式主语的常用句式：(1)It be形容词(obvi
29、ous，possible，strange，natural，important.)that从句(2)It be名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，a shame，an honour，no wonder.)that从句【语境速测】单句语法填空Is _ surprising how quickly children can get used to a new environment?It is obvious to the students _ they make good preparations for the coming examinations._ is a pity
30、that John and Bill cant make it to the house warming party.After I arrived in America, I found myself _ (live) in a completely foreign culture.【写作金句】 Its my great honor to inform you that this years music festival will be held shortly.很荣幸告知您，今年的音乐节即将于近期举办。9It was at ten oclock today that the first o
31、f all Time Machines began its career.就是在晚上十点时，第一台时间机器开始运转。(P8)【词块必记】It is/was.that/who强调结构，把需要强调的成分放到此结构中，作为强调的部分。It is/was.that/who强调结构有如下几个变形：(1)基本结构：It is/was被强调部分that/who.(2)一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who.?(3)特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词is/was itthat.?(4)特殊结构：It is/was not until被强调部分that.【思维拓展】not until结构倒装：在n
32、ot.until.句型结构中， 可以把not until提到句首， 此时主句用部分倒装语序。 如：2017天津卷I didnt pursue my career as an actress until I finished my studies.It wasnt until I finished my studies that I pursued my career as an actress.(强调句型) Not until I finished my studies did I pursue my career as an actress.(倒装句型)【语境速测】单句语法填空/同义转换It
33、 was not until yesterday _ I knew my sister was admitted to a key university.He didnt realize the importance of learning English well until he went to America as an exchange student.转换成It is/wasthat强调结构：_【写作金句】Although I had made full preparations before I left home to study in a new school, I got t
34、hrough many difficulties. While studying in the school，I sometimes got tired of the new school life. It was my teachers encouragement that added to my confidence and helped me get along well with my studies.尽管离家上学前我已经做好了充足准备，但是我还是遇到了很多困难。在学校学习期间，我有时会对新学校的生活感到厌倦。是老师的鼓励增强了我的信心让我在学业上取得进步。.高考能力同步化单句语法填空
35、/单词拼写12020浦东新区高考英语一模When the Rosenthal Center opened in 2003, Herbert Muschamp, the architecture critic (评论家) _ (declare)it “the most important American building to be completed since the end of the cold war”22020江苏卷When Wilson heated it, the container _ (explode), leaving Wilson blinded in both eye
36、s. 32019 天津卷An earlywarning system help us maintain the ecological balance by signaling the _ (urge) need for taking preventive action.42020全国卷According to most calculations, race walkers moving at _ pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour.52019天津卷_ (calculate) biolog
37、ical age, Professor Levine at Yale University identified nine biomarkers (生物标志) that seemed to be the most influential on lifespan by a simple blood test.6If you try those suggestions and dont see any improvement, schedule an _ (appoint) with your primary doctor.7Helen, far _ (super) to any other ca
38、ndidate, was chosen as the manager of the R&D divisions of an international chemical company.8The satellite enables us _ (calculate) their precise location anywhere in the world. 9I used to think that the flying car was a r_ idea. However, I changed my mind this morning when I sat in heavy traffic.1
39、0Research found that men consistently o_ their own contribution to domestic responsibilities and underestimate that of their wives.必备知识试题化选词填空test out； have an urge to； on a regular basis； take over； be superior to1If you want to keep fit, you should not only work out _， but also keep a balanced die
40、t.2Try not to let negative thoughts _.3If youre _ change the way this world is right now then, use your valuable knowledge to make a difference.4The human mind will always _ machines because machines are only tools of human minds.5The new household robot, intended for those who live alone and have n
41、o interest in cooking, hasnt been _.教材语篇高考化语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A household robot named Tony 1._ (test) out in Larrys family. He looked like a tall handsome man 2._ smooth black hair, 3._ (speak) in a deep voice. Larry was going to be away from home for two weeks. To accompany 4._ wif
42、e Claire, he sent Tony to his home. Reluctant as Claire was, she agreed to it at last. At her first sight of Tony, Claire was alarmed. When Tony offered to help her dressing, Claire felt embarrassed.5_ (gradual), Tony began to win Claires trust. He helped Claire make her dreams come true 6._ making
43、her home elegant, giving her a new haircut, changing the makeup she wore and giving her advice on her dresses. 7._， at the party all the guests 8._ were invited were filled with 9._ (admire) when they saw her house was completely changed.After the test, the company was satisfied with Tonys report 10
44、._ he had successfully made a woman regain her confidence. 假定你是李华。随着科技的发展，微信支付宝等电子支付方式盛行的同时，电子红包在中国也逐渐成为一种常见的交际方式。请给你的美国朋友Peter写一封信，介绍有关情况。要点包括：1电子红包特点；2电子红包的使用途径和方式；3参与人群；4你的看法。注意：1词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Step 1斟酌打磨丰富句式1精挑细选核心词汇想周全_随着的发展_ 充分利用_ 以这种方式_ 沉迷于_ 有正面/负面影响2遣词造句句式升级是亮点句式翻译：随着科技的发展，电子红包，一种节日
45、中来自亲戚朋友的祝福，变得越来越受欢迎。Science and technology develop quickly. Ehongbao, a kind of blessings from and to relatives and friends during festivals or on special occasions, is becoming more and more popular in China.(with的复合结构)_因此，我们需要完善电子红包系统的规章制度，以保证其正常运行。So we need to improve rules and regulations regar
46、ding the ehongbao system to guarantee its operation.(尝试使用被动语态)_Step 2逻辑衔接连句成文Dear Peter，_， ehongbao, a kind of lucky money from and to relatives and friends during festivals or on special occasions, is becoming more and more popular in China. For many social media users, grabbing ehongbao on their s
47、mart phones is _. In the past, elders gave lucky money in red papers to children. However, over half of the people sending ehongbao through WeChat or Alipay. Its quite a popular means of entertainment during the Spring Festival for fun or giving best wishes, _ the sum of money _._， Im concerned abou
48、t the safety of online payment. So _ regarding the ehongbao system to guarantee its operation.Yours，Li Hua选择性必修第四册Unit 1Science Fiction基础回顾.重点单词1fiction2.dismiss3.declare4.presume5.calculate6superior7.labour8.division9.urge10.explode11.dignity12.appointment.拓展单词1appointment2.declaration3.presumedpre
49、sumption4calculatorcalculation5.actor/actressactionactiveactivity6.division7.urgenturgentlyurgency8.explosionexplosive9.statementoverstatement10.maximizemaximum.核心短语1science fiction2.test out3.more like4.on a.basis5.pros and cons6.superior to7.take over8.conflict with9.turn out10.fall away11.have an
50、 urge to.重点句型1It was disturbing and frightening that2there stood3It wasthatwas even seen riding课堂讲解1appointmentwas appointedappointed2to be declareonfor3tolowersuperiorsuperior intelligence4urgent(should)be kepturgingdoingurgencyurges us to study hardus into studying hardthat we (should) study hard5
51、Basedbasedbasic6pull overturn overget overblow overDrop over7or ratherrather than (to)rather than8itthatItliving9thatIt was not until he went to America as an exchange student that he realized the importance of learning English well.随堂练习.高考能力同步化单句语法填空/单词拼写1declared2.exploded3.urgent4.a5.To calculate
52、6.appointment7superior8.to calculate9.ridiculous10.overestimate.必备知识试题化选词填空1on a regular basis2.take over3.having an urge to4.be superior to5.tested out.教材语篇高考化语法填空1was tested2.with3.speaking4.his5.Gradually6.by7Therefore8.who9.admiration10.because话题与高考写作Step 1斟酌打磨丰富句式1with the development ofmake go
53、od use ofby this meansbe addicted tohave a positive/negative effect2With the development of science and technology, ehongbao, a kind of blessings from and to relatives and friends during festivals or on special occasions, is becoming more and more popular in China.So rules and regulations need to be improved regarding the ehongbao system to guarantee its operation.Step 2逻辑衔接连句成文With the development of science and technologya common and appealing activitywhilematters littleNeverthelessrules and regulations need to be improved
