1、专题三完形填空第三讲议论文真题验证(2014课标全国卷)As a general rule，all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规) basis.As a matter of fact，we can see this _1.A_ at work in people of all _2.D_.For example，on Christmas morning，children are excited about _3.C_ with their new toys.But their
2、_4.B_ soon wears off and by January those _5.A_ toys can be found put away in the basement.The world is full of _6.D_ stamp albums and unfinished models，each standing as a monument to someones _7.B_ interest.When parents bring home a pet，their child _8.C_ bathes it and brushes its fur.Within a short
3、 time，however，the _9.B_ of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.Adolescents enter high school with great _10.D_ but are soon looking forward to _11.A_.The same is true of the young adults going to college.And then，how many _12.C_，who now complain(抱怨) about the long drives to work，_13.
4、B_ drove for hours at a time when they first _14.D_ their drivers licenses(执照)？Before people retire，they usually _15.D_ to do a lot of _16.A_ things，which they never had _17.A_ to do while working.But _18.D_ after retirement，the golfing，the fishing，the reading and all of the other pastimes become as
5、 boring as the jobs they _19.C_.And，like the child in January，they go searching for new _20.B_.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。一般来说，任何事情做久了都会让人厌倦。实际上不论是在工作中，还是在人们的日常生活中都会有这样的现象；同样的厌倦心理也会出现在各个年龄段。AprincipleBhabitCwayDpower解析：根据文章开头的As a general rule.“作为一个通用的规则”可知，此处意为“我们能在中看到这个定律”，上文中rule暗示此处要用principle。ApartiesBraces
6、CcountriesDages解析：由For example后面提到的几类人children，adolescents，young adults以及people to retire可知此处要填ages，意为“我们可以看到这一定律对各年龄段的人都有效”。AworkingBlivingCplayingDgoing解析：根据该空后面的with their new toys可知孩子们是“玩耍”新的玩具，所以此处要用playing。AconfidenceBinterestCanxietyDsorrow解析：分析语境，前文说“孩子们很兴奋地玩他们的新玩具”，由But表转折可知，他们的兴趣(interest)
7、慢慢消失，而不是confidence“信心”，anxiety“焦虑”，sorrow“伤心”。wear off逐渐减少，慢慢消失。下文的.each standing as a monument to someones _7_ interest.也暗示此空填interest。AsameBextraCfunnyDexpensive解析：这里提到的玩具就是原来孩子们非常感兴趣的玩具，所以此处要用same。AwellorganizedBcolorfullyprintedCnewlycollectedDhalf-filled解析：下面的unfinished models“没有完成的模型”是重要提示，与un
8、finished并列的应是halffilled，意为“完成一半的”集邮册，而不是“排列好的”“绘成彩色的”或“最新收集的”。AbroadBpassingCdifferentDmain解析：此处语境为：这个世界上到处都是装满一半的集邮册和尚未完成的模型，每个都是某人曾经的兴趣的纪念碑。passing interest“曾经的兴趣”，也就是曾经那么感兴趣，而现在没有兴趣了。AsilentlyBimpatientlyCgladlyDworriedly解析：结合下文的Within a short time，however，the _9_ of caring for the animal is hand
9、ed over to the parents.可知，开始时孩子很乐意(gladly)为宠物洗澡和梳理毛发。silently 沉默地；impatiently不耐烦地；worriedly忧虑地。 ApromiseBburdenCrightDgame解析：孩子没有了兴趣，因此照顾宠物的负担(burden)就移交给父母了。promise承诺；right权利；game游戏。AcourageBcalmnessCconfusionDexcitement解析：根据_3_空前面的children are excited about 可以得知，进入高中的青少年也是满怀“兴奋”的，故此处要用excitement。A
10、graduationBindependenceCresponsibilityDsuccess解析：刚进入高中的青少年开始时很兴奋，从but可以推知，他们不久就失去了兴趣而盼望毕业(graduation)。independence独立；responsibility责任，职责；success成功。AchildrenBstudentsCadultsDretirees解析：根据_11_空后面的The same is true of the young adults going to college.And then.可知，此处是讲成年人(adults)的事情。AcarefullyBeagerlyCne
11、rvouslyDbravely解析：根据后面的.when they first _14_ their drivers licenses(执照)？可以推知，人们最初拿到驾照的时候是很“渴望”开车的，故此处要用eagerly。ArequiredBobtainedCnoticedDdiscovered解析：成人“获得”驾照，因此要用obtained。require要求；notice注意到；discover发现。AneedBlearnCstartDplan解析：退休前他们通常打算(plan)做很多事情。AgreatBstrangeCdifficultDcorrect解析：由下文的the golfing
12、，the fishing，the reading and all of the other pastimes可知，这是他们退休后打算做的“极好的事情”，所以此处要用great。AtimeBmoneyCskillsDknowledge解析：根据前面的before people retire可知，他们要做自己原来没有“时间”做的事情，所以此处要用time。AonlyBwellCevenDsoon解析：soon after意为“不久”，也就是在他们退休后不久，所以此处要用soon。AlostBchoseCleftDquit解析：根据前面的after retirement 可知他们退休了，而他们退休前
13、打算要做的那些事情也正如他们离开的工作一样无聊，所以此处要用left。ApetsBtoysCfriendsDcolleagues解析：like the child in January“像一月份的孩子那样”，孩子们一月份时已经对圣诞节的玩具失去兴趣了，故此处意为退休的人对他们之前的打算失去兴趣了，像孩子那样寻找新的玩具(toys)。模拟强化(2017福建省毕业班质检)I have always thought of myself as a doer.In work，I certainly was and continue to be.As a mom，Im mostly a doer.Howe
14、ver，my _1.C_ for breast cancer made me _2.A_ I hadnt been a doer in the way I wanted to bebut that was about to _3.B_ .Since I became a _4.D_ and reported many plane crashes，Ive been _5.D_ of flying.My family had _6.B_ been to another continent together.Now that the chemo(化疗 ) _7.C_，as a gift to mys
15、elf，my kids and my mom，I took them all to London to _8.D_ life before beginning radiation every weekday for six weeks.This time I made a _9.A_ not to think too much about it.Looking in the mirror without hair，you do your best to _10.B_ your day as though it were a day _11.A_ you discovered your lump
16、 (肿块)Then everything seems doable._12.C_ I just booked the trip.In London，every day I _13.D_ a different adventure，from which my family and I learned much and _14.B_ ourselves.I had wanted to take a _15.A_ like this for years，but life and work had gotten in the way.Now，_16.D_ life and work，we had fi
17、nally done _17.A_.I have thoroughly enjoyed family learning _18.C_ living，but nothing is better than knowing that my kids feel _19.B_ for the trip.One day，perhaps theyll realize that sometimes，the best _20.C_ come(s) after surviving your greatest fears.文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一个实干家，工作勤奋，但是治疗乳腺癌让作者意识到了在某种
18、程度上她不再是实干家。在化疗结束之后，为了庆祝生活，作者带家人一起到伦敦旅游，实现了自己多年来的愿望 段意梳理 第一段：作者一直认为自己是实干家，但是乳腺癌让她的梦想不再继续。第二段：作者接受放疗之前，带自己的母亲和孩子到伦敦游玩。第三段：在旅游过程中，作者和家人都学到了很多知识，玩得很开心。第四段：不要让工作和生活阻碍你对家人的陪伴。最好的冒险发生在从极度恐惧中活下来之后。核心词汇continent n大陆，洲，大洲radiation n辐射，核辐射，放疗doable adj.可做的，可行的AconcernBreasonCtreatmentDanxiety解析：根据语境及该句中的“for b
19、reast cancer”可知，此处表示治疗乳腺癌让作者意识到了在某种程度上她不再是实干家。C项意为“治疗”，符合语境，故C项正确。ArealizeBimagineCignoreDdoubt解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“意识到”，符合语境，故A项正确。 B项意为“想象”；C项意为“忽视”；D项意为“怀疑”，都与语境不符。AcontinueBchangeChappenDarise解析：根据该句中的“I hadnt been a doer in the way I wanted to bebut that was about to _3_ ”可以判断，此处表示作者没有成为她想要成为的实干家，但是那
20、将要改变。故B项正确。ApilotBdoctorCtouristDjournalist解析：根据空后的“and reported many plane crashes”可知，作者应是一名记者，故D项正确。AtiredBfondCproudDafraid解析：根据空前的“and reported many plane crashes”可知，作者报道过多起飞机坠毁事故，她应该是害怕乘飞机。故D项正确。AfrequentlyBneverCalreadyDjust解析：根据后一句中的“Now that the chemo(化疗)_7_，as a gift to myself，my kids and m
21、y mom，I took them all to London”可知，化疗结束了，作为奖励，作者带她的孩子们和母亲到了伦敦；结合前一句她害怕乘飞机的陈述可知，她的家人从来没有一起到过另外一个大洲。故B项正确。AfailedBdelayedCendedDapproached解析：根据语境可知，由于化疗结束了，作为给自己、孩子们和母亲的礼物，作者带他们到了伦敦。故C项符合语境。AsaveBcreateCimproveDcelebrate解析：根据语境可知，作者带家人到伦敦是为了庆祝生活。D项意为“庆祝”，符合语境，故D项正确。AdecisionBwishCjudgmentDconclusion解析
22、：根据“This time I made a _9_ not to think too much about it”可知，此处表示这一次作者决定不过多地考虑放疗。make a decision为固定搭配，意为“作出决定”，故A项正确。Aget rid ofBget throughClook back onDlook for解析：根据语境可知，看着镜子中没有头发的自己，你会努力度过你的每一天。B项意为“度过，熬过”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“摆脱，除去”；C项意为“回顾，回忆”；D项意为“寻找”。AbeforeBafterCuntilDwhen解析：根据“Looking in the mi
23、rror.as though it were a day _11_ you discovered your lump(肿块)”可知，看着镜子中没有头发的自己，你会努力度过你的每一天，就如发现肿块之前那样。故A项符合语境。AButBOtherwiseCSoDEven解析：根据空前的“Then everything seems doable”和空后的“I just booked the trip”可知，两句间为因果关系，故C项正确。AexpectedBplannedCdescribedDexperienced解析：根据该句中的“In London，every，day I _13_ a differ
24、ent adventure，from which my family and I learned much”可知，在伦敦，每天作者都体验着不同的冒险经历。D项意为“体验”，符合语境，故D项正确。AtaughtBenjoyedCintroducedDtrained解析：根据语境可知，在旅行过程中，作者和家人学到了很多知识，玩得很开心。enjoy oneself为固定搭配，意为“玩得痛快”。AtripBrestCriskDlesson解析：根据上一段倒数第二句中的“I just booked the trip”可知，此处表示作者想要这样的旅行已经有多年了。A项意为“旅行”，故A项正确。Ain te
25、rms ofBowing toCin addition toDregardless of解析：根据前一句可知，作者想要这样的旅行已经有多年了；结合该句中的“_16_ life and work，we had finally done _17_”可知，如今，不再顾及工作和生活，作者和家人终于完成了夙愿。D项意为“不管，不顾”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“就而言”；B项意为“因为，由于”；C项意为“此外，除此之外”。AitBthemCeverythingDsomething解析： 参见上题解析。根据语境可知，空处指代上文中的“trip”，作动词do的宾语，故用it。AforBwithCbyDb
26、eyond解析：根据该句中的“I have thoroughly enjoyed family learning _18_ living”并结合语境可知，作者非常喜欢通过生活来进行家庭学习，by意为“通过方式”，故C项正确。AeagerBgratefulCreadyDsorry解析：根据该句中的“nothing is better than knowing that my kids feel _19_ for the trip”并结合常识可知，没有什么比知道孩子们对这次旅行心怀感激更美好的了。B项意为“感激的”，符合语境，故B项正确。AworkBloveCadventuresDchances解
27、析：根据语境可知，有一天他们可能会意识到有时最好的冒险发生在从极度恐惧中活下来之后。C项意为“冒险”，符合语境，故C项正确。第三段的“every day I _13_ a different adventure”是提示。(2017甘肃省兰州市诊断考试)When your child is supposed to be doing homework are they chatting with their friends on Facebook or playing games? Many studies have shown that multitasking doesnt _1.D_，_2.
28、B_ your child is probably proudly claiming they can do ten things _3.A_！ Many people believe that they can _4.C_ two or more tasks at the same time，but Dr.Edward Hallowell says this is _5.A_.The reality is that multitasking _6.A_ poor job performance.New hand-held _7.C_ such as smartphones，iPads，gam
29、es and social networking sites make it very easy to multitask and _8.D_ attention leading to difficulty focusing on the task _9.A_，such as listening in the classroom or doing homework.“_10.B_，the brain actually _11.B_ kids for multitasking even though your childs performance on every task gets worse
30、 and worse.Kids dont know that they are doing _12.D_ because they feel better when they multitask，”says Dr.Edward Hallowell._13.A_ the appearance of hand-held devices and social networking sites，teachers have noticed a difference in _14.D_ performance，critical thinking skills and how information is
31、_15.B_.“ Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn，” says Dr.Edward Hallowell.Kids have a difficult time sticking with a “difficult to understand” topic and _16.A_ to allow themselves to be distracted (注意力分散的)，to tune out and switch _1
32、7.D_ to Facebook or using their cell phones _18.B_ working harder at understanding a difficult subject or problem.In the long _19.A_，multitasking affects grades.One study shows that kids that use the Internet while in class do _20.C_ on tests，resulting in lower grades.文章大意：本文主要讲述了孩子们同时做多项任务对学业所造成的负面
33、影响。 段意梳理 第一段：同时做很多任务是不可能的。第二段：同时做多项任务会分散孩子们的注意力。第三段：同时做多项任务对孩子们的学业造成了负面影响。 AplayBunderstandCuseDwork解析：根据下文中的“The reality is that multitasking _6_ poor job performance”可推知，一次做很多事情并没有什么效果。work“有效，起作用”。Aonly ifBeven thoughCso thatDno wonder解析：根据语境可知，空处上下句之间存在逻辑上的转折关系，even though“虽然，尽管”，符合语境。Aat onceBr
34、ight awayCin no timeDat random解析：根据下文中的“Many people believe that they can _4_ two or more tasks at the same time”可知，孩子们会声称能同时做十件事情。at once“一起，同时”。AadvocateBdealCperformDprefer解析：根据语境可知，许多人相信他们可以同时做两件或是更多事情。perform“做，执行，履行”。 AimpossibleBimportantCimpatientDimpolite解析：根据下文中的“poor job performance”可知，Dr
35、.Edward Hallowell认为同时做多个任务是不可能的。故A项正确。Aresults inBresults fromCexists inDexists from解析：根据语境尤其是“poor job performance”可推知，同时做多项任务的结果很不好。result in“导致，造成”。 AdesignsBdiscoveriesCequipmentDevidence解析：根据空后的“smartphones，iPads”可知，此处表示新的便携式装备，故C项正确。下文_13_空后的“hand-held devices”也是信息提示。AattractBdrawCpayDshare解析：
36、根据下文中的“leading to difficulty focusing on the task”可推知，多任务容易分散注意力。share“共享，共用”。Aat handBon timeCon scheduleDat times解析：根据空后的“such as listening in the classroom or doing homework”可知，这些都是手头要做的事。at hand“在手边”。AUncertainlyBUnfortunatelyCUniversallyDUndoubtedly解析：根据第一段最后两句可知，Dr.Edward Hallowell并不赞成多任务行为，因此
37、当大脑给这种行为以肯定或鼓励时，他认为是不幸的。AremainsBrewardsCregardsDreflects解析：根据空后的“even though”可知，空处与worse形成对比，由此可推知大脑反而鼓励这种多任务行为。reward“奖赏，报答”。AbetterBwellCbadDworse解析：根据上文中的”gets worse and worse”和空后的“because they feel better when they multitask”可知，孩子们并不知道自己变得更糟糕。ASinceBBeforeCWhenDWhile解析： 结合空后现在完成时的运用可知，此处应用连词sin
38、ce“自从之后”引导状语从句。AaccidentalBaccurateCaccessibleDacademic解析：根据上文的“teachers”可推知，老师们注意到学生们在学业上的差异。academic“学术的”。AproducedBprocessedCpossessedDpromoted解析：根据下文中的“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn”可知，这 些便携式工具的出现改变了学生处理信息的方式。process “处
39、理”。AtendBattendCintendDpretend解析：根据空前的“Kids have a difficult time sticking with a difficult to understand topic”可知，孩子们很难坚持一个理解起来有困难的话题，他们的注意力往往会分散。tend to do sth.“往往会发生某事”。 AoutBonCoffDover解析：根据语境可知，既然注意力分散了，孩子们就有可能转而关注学习之外的东西。switch over to“转向”。Aexcept forBrather thanCmore thanDapart from解析：根据语境可知，孩子们去玩手机或Facebook，而不是更努力地学习。rather than“而不是”。 ArunBwalkCjourneyDdistance解析：in the long run为固定短语，意为“从长远来看”，符合语境。 AhardlyBsuccessfullyCpoorlyDmildly解析：根据空后的“resulting in lower grades”可知，在课堂上上网的孩子考试成绩差。
