1、2022届上海市奉贤区致远高级中学高三上学期10月评估英语试题满分分值：140分 完卷时间：120分钟第I卷 （共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions wi
2、ll be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 7:20. B. 7:30. C. 7:50. D. 8:10.2. A. A restaurant waitress. B. A keyboard operator.C. A captain
3、 on a passenger ship. D. A customer service employee.3. A. On the phone. B. In a hospital.C. On the playground. D. In a biology class.4. A. Join his friends at a karaoke bar. B. Have a cup of tea at home.C. Sing songs at home. D. Enjoy his own company at home.5. A. Keeping pets. B. Their animal sign
4、.C. Their common interest. D. Their favorite animal.6. A. 10 yuan. B. 15 yuan. C. 20 yuan. D. 30 yuan.7. A. Angry. B. Surprised. C. Guilty. D. Relieved.8. A. It was spoiled by the long lines everywhere.B. It would be more enjoyable without the crowds.C. It lacked careful planning and thus was exhaus
5、ting.D. It made her recover from extreme exhaustion9. A. She thinks good friends should compliment each other more.B. She knows for sure that the man will pay her a compliment.C. The man should have told her straight that he likes her sport jacket.D. The man expresses his dislike of her sport jacket
6、 in a roundabout way.10. A. Professor Whites course is beyond him.B. He neednt waste time on programming.C. He wants to choose a programming course at a higher level.D. Professor Turner requires students to do more reading.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one l
7、onger conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best
8、 answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. The effect of climate change.B. The development of Cambridge Dictionary.C. Difference between upcycling and recycling.D. Cambridge Dictionarys Word of Year 2019.12.A. The mid 90s. B. 2011. C. 2018
9、. D. 2019.13.A. I made a faded tablecloth into curtains.B. I use online dictionaries rather than traditional dictionaries.C. Many young people become vegetarians.D. Designers substitute man-made materials for fur and leather.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. Only one p
10、erson can speak at a time.B. Traditional meetings last too long.C. Participants depend on the boss.D. Conversations may lead to conflict.15.A. Comfortable. B. Relieved. C. Safe. D. Embarrassed.16.A. Discuss the subject carefully. B. Assign someone to maintain discipline. C. Let the original ideas em
11、erge in silence.D. Vote on your favorite ideas independently.Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation.1 7.A. She missed the deadline to turn in the physics project.B. She failed to sign up for after-school tutoring on time.C. She had difficulty in solving her physics problem.D.
12、 She wasted a lot of time on putting together puzzles.18.A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday. D. Friday.19.A. Help him with the puzzles and relax herself.B. Go over relevant chapter the book in the book.C. Make sure that she signs up for the right time.D. Let him tutor her in physics.20.A. The mans
13、sister agrees to mend the puzzle herself.B. The man and the woman will work together on the puzzle.C. The woman recommends someone to mend the puzzle.D. The man decides to learn how to put the puzzle together.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the
14、 blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.We have all experienced days when everything goes wrong. A day _1_ begin well eno
15、ugh, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control. What invariably happens is that a great number of things choose to go wrong at precisely the same moment. It is _2_ a single unimportant event set up a chain of reactions. Let us suppose that you are preparing a meal and keeping an eye on you
16、r baby boy at the same time. The telephone rings, _3_ marks the prelude to an unforeseen series of catastrophes. While you are on the phone, the baby pulls the tablecloth off the table, smashing half your best crockery and cutting _4_ in the process. You hang up hurriedly and attend to baby, crocker
17、y, etc. Meanwhile, the meal gets burnt. As if this were not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives, unexpectedly _5_ (bring) three guests to dinner.Things can go wrong on a big scale, _6_ a number of people recently discovered in Parramatta, a suburb of Sydney. During the rush hour one
18、evening two cars collided and both drivers began to argue. The woman immediately behind the two cars happened to be a learner. She suddenly got into a panic and stopped her car. This made the driver _7_ (follow) her brake hard. His wife was sitting beside him holding a large cake. As she was thrown
19、forward, the cake went right through the windscreen and landed on the road. Seeing a cake flying through the air, a lorry driver who was drawing up alongside the car, pulled up all of a sudden. The lorry was loaded with empty beer bottles and hundreds of them _8_ (slide) off the back of the vehicle
20、and on to the road. This led to yet _9_ angry argument. Meanwhile, the traffic piled up behind. It took the police nearly an hour to get the traffic on the move again. In the meantime, the lorry driver had to sweep up hundreds of broken bottles. Only two stray dogs benefited from all this confusion,
21、 for they greedily ate _10_ was left of the cake. It was just one of those days!【答案】1. may 2. as if 3. which 4. himself 5. bringing 6. as 7. following 8. slid 9. another 10. what【解析】【详解】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了生活中有时一切好像都失去了控制，事情往往是祸不单行。1考查情态动词。句意：一天开始时可能还不错，但突然间一切都似乎失去了控制。空格后是动词原形，因此根据句意空格处要用情态动词，表达：可能、也许，英语用m
22、ay，表示一种目前的可能性，故填may。2考查表语从句。句意：好像是一件无关紧要的小事引起了一连串的连锁反应。空格处是表语从句的引导词，根据句意表达：好像。因此填as if。3考查定语从句。句意：这时电话铃响了，它预示着一连串意想不到的灾难的来临。空格处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个句子The telephone rings, 在从句中作主语。故填which。4考查反身代词。句意：就在你接电话时，孩子把桌布从桌子上扯下来，将家中最好的陶瓷餐具半数摔碎，同时也弄伤了自己。此处指代the baby自己，故填himself。5考查非谓语动词。句意：好像这一切还不足以使你急得掉泪，你的丈夫接着就回来
23、了，事先没有打招呼就带来了三个客人吃饭。空格处是非谓语动词作状语，bring与your husband是主动关系，因此要用现在分词。故填bringing。6考查定语从句。句意：就像许多人最近在悉尼郊区帕拉马塔所发现的那样，有时乱子会闹得很大。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面整个主句内容，并在从句中作宾语，意为“正如”，故填as。7考查非谓语动词。句意：她这一停使得跟在后面的司机也来了个急刹车。空格处是后置定语，follow与the driver 是主动关系，因此要用现在分词，故填following。8考查动词。句意：卡车上装着空啤酒瓶，成百只瓶子顺势从卡车后面滑出车外，落在马路上。空格处
24、是谓语动词，由语境可知此叙述过去的事实，要用一般过去时，故填slid。9考查形容词。句意：这又引起了一场唇枪舌战的争吵。表达：另一的，英语用another。故填another。10考查连接代词。句意：只有两只野狗从这一片混乱中得到了好处，它们贪婪地吃掉了剩下的蛋糕。空格处是宾语从句，在宾语从句中缺少主语，指物，故填what。Section BDirections: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more th
25、an you need.Most people get sweaty palms just staring at EI Capitan, a breathtaking rock formation i Yosemite National Park, California. Alex Honnolds stayed dry. And this June, he managed to climb the 900-meter vertical wall, pulling on edges barely big enough for _11_.Honnold could not _12_ any sl
26、ips. Thats because he carried nothing other than a bag of gymnasts chalk, to keep his fingers free of moisture. There was no rope to _13_him if he fell. After a four-hour _14_ of power and precision, the 31-year-old safely challenged himself.EI Capitan had been climbed _15_ before, including by Honn
27、old, but never in the way he has. In 2011, an American TV show about his earlier “free solos” drew seventeen million viewers. In climbing, “free” means using nothing but rocks for support. “ Solo” means free of protection. It is the sport at its _16_. In Yosemite, the birthplace of American climbing
28、, Hannold has reached its peak. Praise from fellow climbers was _17_ only by relief at his safe return.The achievement marks the latest in a series of milestones for sport climbing (竞技攀岩). In 2015, two other American Tommy Caldwell and Kevin Jorgeson, established a route up the Dawn Wall, EI Capitan
29、s _18_part, after years of attempts. They made the front page of the New York Times and got congratulations from Barack Obama for the achievement. Last year, sport climbing was _19_ accepted into the Olympic program for Tokyo 2020.These have strengthened climbings position in the sporting circle in
30、America and elsewhere. Google has invited Jorgeson to give a motivational talk to its employees. Climbing gyms have appeared around the globe over the past decade, making the event safer and more _20_to ordinary people. The gyms have been popular among youngsters, who pay more attentions to exercise
31、s than to belongings.【答案】11. C 12. D 13. F 14. G 15. H 16. E 17. I 18. J 19. A 20. B【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。本文主要描述了Yosemite优胜美地国家公园里的酋长岩上的黎明墙EI Capitan远远地看着就能让人害怕的岩石，是世界上最难的攀岩路线，一直被认为是无法完成的攀岩路线。2015年，美国人汤米考德威尔（Tommy Caldwell）和凯文乔格森（Kevin Jorgeson）经过多年的尝试，建立了一条通往黎明墙的路线。Alex Honnold在今年的6月，通过自由攀登，第一次登上了近乎垂直的酋长岩
32、上的黎明墙，被同行所称赞，成为体育攀岩里程碑中的最新成就。随着世界各地都出现了攀岩场，攀岩运动变得更加安全，普通人也更容易接触到它了。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：今年6月，Alex Honnold 成功地徒手攀岩近乎垂直的岩石壁，这种岩石壁手能接触的地方只有手指尖大小的地方。分析句子可知，本句是指攀爬的岩石非常难，手几乎没有地方可接触到，即只有手指尖(fingertips)大小的地方可接触，表明这次攀岩很危险。故填C项。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：Honnold不能有任何失误，那是因为他只带了一袋体操运动员用的吸湿粉，以保持手指不会湿。从后文Thats because he carried
33、 nothing other than a bag of gymnasts chalk, to keep his fingers free of moisture. 说明Honnold could not (2)_ any slips，这句话是为什么不能怎么样。由于徒手攀岩，没有任何防护措施，所以对他来说承担不起即不能有任何闪失。“could not afford sth.”意为”无法承担的起.”，故选择D项。【13题详解】考查动词。句意：如果他摔倒了，没有绳子来保护他的安全。to do sth, 可知是动词原形，由于前两句是徒手攀岩，没有任何防护，所以没有绳子来保证他的安全(secure)。
34、故选择F。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：四个小时他展示了他的力气和（计算上的）精密度，他最终安全挑战了他自己。分析句子结构可知，of前一般用名词，即名词+of.，可知此处要填名词，根据语境可知，此处要填display（展示，表现），G项意思符合。故选G。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：EI Capitan以前也曾无伴攀爬过，包括Honnold，但从来没有以现在这样的方式攀爬过。EI Capitan had been climbed (5) _ before, including by Honnold, but never in the way he has. In 2011, an Ameri
35、can TV show about his earlier “free solos” drew seventeen million viewers. 可以看出以前也有人过来独自（solo，意为“独奏，独舞，单人表演”）攀岩，solo即对应的是partnerless（无伴的），故选H。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一项最纯粹的运动。在美国攀岩运动的发源地约塞米蒂，汉诺德已经达到了顶峰。根据 In climbing, “free” means using nothing but rocks for support. “ Solo” means free of protection. 可知，这
36、次攀岩运动没有任何保护措施，这正是这项运动最纯粹的(purest)部分。 at its purest，意为“最纯粹的”，符合题意， 故选E。【17题详解】考查分词。句意：欣慰的是他平安归来，配的上同伴们的称赞。根据上文可知，这次攀岩很危险，因此他能攀岩回来，配得上同伴们的称赞，故matched（与.相匹配，配的上.） 符合题意。故选I。18题详解】考查形容词。句意：2015年，另两名美国人汤米考德威尔(Tommy Caldwell)和凯文乔奇森(Kevin Jorgeson)经过多年的尝试，建立了一条通往EI Capitan最光滑，最光秃的黎明墙(Dawn Wall)的路线。In 2015,
37、two other American Tommy Caldwell and Kevin Jorgeson, established a route up the Dawn Wall, EI Capitans (8)_part, after years of attempts. 多年的努力尝试，终于登上了EI Capitan 以前未曾有人成功登上的地方，这是黎明墙最光秃秃的部分。 对应 blank意为“空白的，光秃秃的”，根据前面的“pulling on edges barely big enough for _1_.”可知，几乎没有手可用力的地方。可为为最为光秃的地方，故选J。【19题详解】考
38、查副词。句意：去年，运动攀岩正式被纳入2020年东京奥运会的比赛项目。根据“accepted into the Olympic program for Tokyo 2020”可知，在2020 年的奥林匹克运动会上climbing成为一个项目存在，即被正式的(officially)纳入比赛项目，故A项合适。故选A。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意：在过去的十年里，世界各地都出现了攀岩馆，这使得攀岩运动变得更加安全，普通人也更容易接触到它。 “accessible to.”为固定搭配，意为“对.是可得到的/可使用的/可接触的” ordinary people. 现在攀岩馆出现在全世界各地，使得此项运
39、动更加的安全和大众化。以前攀岩为一项危险的运动，徒手无防护，只有冒险家才敢尝试。现在对大众来说也可以接触到。故B项合适。故选B项。III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Is loyalty in the workp
40、lace dead?Just recently, Lynda Gratton, a workplace expert, proclaimed that it was. In The Financial Times, she said that it had been “killed off through _21_ contracts, outsourcing, automation and multiple careers.”Its sad if this good virtue is now out of place in the business world. But the situa
41、tion may be more _22_. Depending on how you _23_ it, loyalty may not be dead, but is just playing out differently.Fifty years ago, an employee could stay at the same company for decades, said Tammy Erickson, an author and work-force consultant. Many were _24_ longtime employment along with health ca
42、re and a pension.Now many companies cannot or will not hold up their end of the bargain, so why should the employees hold up theirs? Given the opportunity, theyll take their skills and their portable retirement accounts elsewhere. These days, Ms. Gratton writes, _25_ is more important than loyalty:
43、“Loyalty is about the future - trust is about the present.”Ms. Erickson says that the quid pro quo (交换物，报酬) of modern employment is more likely to be: As long as I work for you, I promise to have the relevant skills and _26_ fully in my work; in return youll pay me _27_, but I dont expect you to car
44、e for me when Im 110.For some baby boomers, this _28_ has been hard to accept. Many started their careers _29_ that they would be rewarded based on tenure (任职).A longtime employee who is also productive and motivated is of enormous value, said Cathy Benko, chief talent officer at Deloitte. On the ot
45、her hand, she said, “You can be with a company a long time and not be highly committed.”Ms. Benko has seen her company shift its _30_ to employees level of engagement - or “the level at which people are motivated to deliver their best work” - rather than length of tenure.Then there are the effects o
46、f the recent recession. Many people - if they havent been _31_- have stayed in jobs because they feel they have no choice. Employers may need to prepare for disruptions and turnover when the job market improves.If the pendulum(摇摆不定的事态或局面) shifts, how will businesses persuade their best employees to
47、stay? _32_ may do the trick, but not always. Especially with younger people, “youre not going to buy extra loyalty with extra money,” Ms. Erickson said. _33_, employers need to make jobs more challenging and give workers more creative space, she said.Loyalty may not be what it once was, but most com
48、panies will still be better off with at least a core of people who stay with them across decades.If loyalty is seen as a _34_ to keep workers of all ages fulfilled, productive and involved, it can continue to be cultivated in the workplace - to the _35_ of both employer and employee.21. A. tightenin
49、gB. lengtheningC. shorteningD. loosening22. A. complicatedB. confusedC. difficultD. conservative23. A. confineB. convinceC. identifyD. define24. A. guaranteedB. providedC. supplementedD. rewarded25. A. beliefB. trustC. confidenceD. tolerance26. A. occupyB. engageC. sacrificeD. involve27. A. rightlyB
50、. immediatelyC. exactlyD. fairly28. A. differenceB. exchangeC. shiftD. modification29. A. assumingB. ensuringC. assuringD. approving30. A. focusB. mindC. faithD. importance31. A. laid offB. employedC. valuedD. supported32. A. SalaryB. MoneyC. LoyaltyD. Credit33. A. HoweverB. RatherC. ThereforeD. Oth
51、erwise34. A. promiseB. complimentC. commitmentD. command35. A. interestB. sakeC. disadvantageD. benefit【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章分析讨论了忠诚在工作场所存在的意义。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在英国金融时报上，她表示，它已经“通过缩短合同、外包、自动化和多种职业生涯”被扼杀。A. tigh
52、tening拧紧；B. lengthening加长；C. shortening缩短；D. loosening松开。根据标题“Is loyalty in the workplace dead?”和第四段中“Fifty years ago, an employee could stay at the same company for decades”可知，现在，因为缩短合同等原因忠诚被扼杀了。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但情况可能更复杂。A. complicated复杂的；B. confused困惑的；C. difficult困难的；D. conservative保守的。根据
53、前文“Its sad if this good virtue is now out of place in the business world.”和后文“Depending on how you _3_ it, loyalty may not be dead, but is just playing out differently.”以及本句开头But的语义转折可知，关于忠诚，不能一言以蔽之，情况可能更复杂。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：忠诚可能并没有死，只是表现得不同了，这取决于你如何定义它。A. confine限制；B. convince说服；C. identify识别
54、；D. define定义。根据后文“loyalty may not be dead, but is just playing out differently.”可知，忠诚可能并没有死，只是表现得不同了，即有了不同的定义。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人得到了长期就业、医疗和养老金的保障。A. guaranteed保证；B. provided提供；C. supplemented补充；D. rewarded奖励。根据常识和后文“longtime employment along with health care and a pension.”可知，这里指这些福利保障。故选A项
55、。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gratton女士写道，如今，信任比忠诚更重要：“忠诚关乎未来，而信任关乎当下。”A. belief信念；B. trust信任；C. confidence信心；D. tolerance宽容。根据后文“Loyalty is about the future - trust is about the present.”可知，此处trust为词汇重现，讲信任和忠诚的关系。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Erickson说，现代职场的交换条件更有可能是：只要我为你们工作，我保证具备相关技能，全身心投入工作；作为回报，你会给我公平的报酬，但我不指望
56、你在我110岁的时候还关心我。A. occupy占领；B. engage从事，雇用；C. sacrifice牺牲；D. involve涉及。根据前文“As long as I work for you, I promise”可知，此处指承诺答应全身心投入（从事）工作。故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Erickson说，现代职场的交换条件更有可能是：只要我为你们工作，我保证具备相关技能，全身心投入工作；作为回报，你会给我公平的报酬，但我不指望你在我110岁的时候还关心我。A. rightly正确地；B. immediately立即地；C. exactly精确地；D. fairly
57、公平地。根据语境以及前文“in return”可知，此处应指“公平地”得到回报。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于一些婴儿潮一代来说，这种转变很难接受。A. difference差异；B. exchange交换；C. shift改变；D. modification修改。根据第四段中“Now many companies cannot or will not hold up their end of the bargain, so why should the employees hold up theirs? Given the opportunity, theyll tak
58、e their skills and their portable retirement accounts elsewhere.”以及第五段中“Ms. Erickson says that the quid pro quo (交换物，报酬) of modern employment is more likely to be”等内容可知，现在许多公司不会给员工类似的承诺，员工也就可以随时跳槽，现代职场发生了改变。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人在开始他们职业生涯时以为他们会得到基于终身职位的回报。A. assuming假设，认为；B. ensuring确保；C. assur
59、ing保证；D. approving批准。根据语境和后文“they would be rewarded based on tenure”内容可知，开始工作时，他们认为他们会得到终身的回报。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Benko女士已经看到她的公司将重心转移到员工的敬业程度上或者“人们被激励以实现最佳工作的程度”而不是任期的长短。A. focus重点，中心点；B. mind头脑；C. faith信仰；D. importance重要性。根据前文“On the other hand, she said, “You can be with a company a long time
60、 and not be highly committed.”以及”后文“or the level at which people are motivated to deliver their best work - rather than length of tenure.”内容可以推知，公司的关注点转移到员工的敬业程度上，而不是任期长短上了。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人如果他们没有被解雇的话一直留在工作中，因为他们觉得别无选择。A. laid off暂时解雇；B. employed雇用；C. valued珍视；D. supported支持。根据后文“have sta
61、yed in jobs”可知，此处指如果没有没有被解雇的话。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：金钱也许能做到这一点，但并不总是如此。A. Salary薪水；B. Money金钱；C. Loyalty忠诚；D. Credit信用。根据后文中“youre not going to buy extra loyalty with extra money”可知，此处money是词汇重现，指金钱不能总是如此。故选B项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：更确切地说，雇主需要让工作更具挑战性，并给员工更多的创意空间。A. However然而；B. Rather反而，更确切地说；C. Ther
62、efore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据语境可知，后文“employers need to make jobs more challenging and give workers more creative space, she said.”是对前文的确切解释。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果忠诚被视为一种承诺，让所有年龄段的员工都能得到满足、生产力和参与度，那么它可以在工作场所继续得到培养对雇主和雇员都有利。A. promise许诺；B. compliment赞美；C. commitment许诺，承诺，允诺承担；D. command指令。根据后文“to keep
63、 workers of all ages fulfilled, productive and involved”可知，这里指比较正式的承诺。commitment是义务，被动承担，一般情况下指官方的一种委托或正式签定的条款所规定的义务、允诺。promise 是承诺，主动承担，一般指个人的口头承诺和保证。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果忠诚被视为一种承诺，让所有年龄段的员工都能得到满足、生产力和参与度，那么它可以在工作场所继续得到培养对雇主和雇员都有利。A. interest兴趣；B. sake缘故；C. disadvantage不利条件；D. benefit利益，好处。根据语
64、境以及前文“If loyalty is seen as a _14_ to keep workers of all ages fulfilled, productive and involved, it can continue to be cultivated in the workplace”可知，这样对雇主和雇员都是有好处的。故选D项。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.
65、For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( A )Celebrity has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the
66、 public tends to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they dont sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelieva
67、bly powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others products to developing their own.Celebrity clothing lines arent a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today theyre started by first-class s
68、tars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of d
69、aily life.However, for every success story, theres a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the products origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once
70、the initial attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty (忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to reduce
71、a celebritys shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the egos potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as
72、 the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion - like celebrity - has always been temporary.36. Fashion magazines today _.A. seldom put models on the coverB. no longer put models
73、 on the coverC. need not worry about celebrities market potentialD. judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly37. “loyalty (忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels” in Paragraph 3 echoes the idea that _.A. ordinary consumers are more concerned with price rather than brand nameB. celebrit
74、y branded products can be an instant successC. consumers enthusiasm for celebrity branded products prove to be inconstantD. to consumers, quality matters more than the outside of products.38. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly _.A. decrease the popular
75、ity of a celebrity and the sales of his productsB. damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general publicC. cut short the artistic career of a celebrity in show businessD. influence the price of a celebritys products39. The passage is mainly about _.A. celebrity and personal styleB. celeb
76、rity and market potentialC. celebrity and fashion designD. celebrity and clothing industry【答案】36. A 37. D 38. A 39. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了名人已成为流行文化的重要代表，但是今天，名人面临更加严峻的尴尬。流行文化圈比以往大，其周转速度也加快，名人每一次的失误都会减少他们的知名度和他们产品的销售。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice
77、of putting models on the cover because they dont sell nearly as well as famous faces.(此外，时尚杂志几乎已经放弃了把模特放在封面上的做法，因为他们不像名人那样卖得好)”可知，如今的时尚杂志很少把模特放在封面上。故选A。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“No matter how famous the products origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an e
78、xercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the initial attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty (忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels. (无论产品的来源有多著名，如果它不能以自身的品质打动消费者，它就开始像一种自我推销的营销活动。一旦最初的关注消失，消费者的兴趣可能会消退，忠诚回归到久经考验的品牌)”可知，当名人高估他自己的消费者吸引力时，不管产品的原产地有多有名，如果它不能以自身的品质打动消费者。由此推知，“忠
79、诚回归到久经考验的品牌”呼应了这样一个观点：对消费者来说，质量比产品的外观更重要。故选D。【38题详解】词句猜测题。划线句子意为“每一个失误都有可能缩短名人的保质期”。根据第四段划线句子前一句“The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well.(流行文化圈的规模可能比以往任何时候都大，但它的周转率也在加快)”和后一句“and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has
80、no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. (而曾经给他带来名声的同一份报纸或杂志，一旦机会出现，就会毫不犹豫地把他撕成碎片)”可知，每一个失误都可能会降低名人的知名度和他的产品的销量。故选A。【39题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others products to developin
81、g their own.(因此，名人意识到他们难以置信的强大市场潜力，从为别人的产品做广告到开发自己的产品)”及全文内容可知，文章主要说明了名人已成为流行文化的重要代表，但是今天，名人面临更加严峻的尴尬。流行文化圈比以往大，其周转速度也加快，名人每一次的失误都会减少他们的知名度，和他们产品的销售。由此可知，文章主要论述了“celebrity and market potential(名人与市场潜力)”。故选B。(B)AttractionsDo you: Love the National Park, value it and hope to safeguard its future? Wish
82、 to see the beautiful landscape of the Park protected? Like to enjoy peaceful informal recreation within the Park?AimsThe Friends organization aims are to help protect and improve the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park for all to enjoy. We are a voluntary organization and registered charity without f
83、inancial links to the National Park Authority.ActivitiesWe encourage everyone to enjoy the National Park through regular talks and visits to interesting places in the Park with expert guides.We keep an eye on planning applications. Park Authority policies and threats to the National Park such as mas
84、sive leisure complexes. We work with like-minded organizations such as the Campaign for National Parks to make our voice more effective.We help children to understand the National Park by sponsoring publications such as an adventure booklet and projects in local schools.Benefits Guided visits to pla
85、ces of interest which may not always be available to the general public. All members receive our regular News and Views. Talks by experts in their fields on current issues. A discount is available on Friends items for sale Satisfaction of participation in work parties, for those willing and able to
86、be involved.If interested, please complete the Application Form at www.fpnp.org.uk40. Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization?A. To build massive complexes for public amusement.B. To prevent possible damages to the National Park.C. To help protect and improve the Park for a
87、ll to enjoy.D. To sponsor publications and projects in local school.41. One of the benefits for members of Friends is to _.A. have Friends goods free of chargeB. visit any place not open to the publicC. take part in work parties if they want toD. give talks in their fields on current issues42. The p
88、urpose of this poster is to invite more people to _.A. raise money for the Friends organizationB. join the Friends organization and be members of itC. work as managers for Pembroke shire National ParkD. enjoy the landscape of Pembroke shire National Park【答案】40. A 41. C 42. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Frie
89、nds这一机构的亮点、目标、活动以及该机构成员享有的权益等。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三大标题Activities部分的第二段第一句“We keep an eye on planning applicationssuch as massive leisure complexes.（我们一直关注着规划应用程序。公园管理局的政策和国家公园的威胁，如大型休闲园区。）”可知，为公众娱乐大兴土木是对国家公园的威胁，是该机构要阻止的行为。故选A。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据Benefits部分第五点“Satisfaction of participation in work parties,
90、for those willing and able to be involved.（对那些愿意和能够参与的人参加工作组感到满意。）”可知，该机构成员享有的权益之一就是参加工作组。故选C。【42题详解】推理判断题。文章介绍了Friends这一机构的亮点、目标、活动以及该机构成员享有的权益等。显然，作者的目的是想邀请更多的有志之士加入进来，成为其中的一员。故选B。 (C)In 1851, Auguste Comte, the French philosopher and father of sociology, coined the new word altruism as part of a
91、drive to create a non-religious religion based on scientific principles. He defined it as “intentional action for the welfare of others that involves at least the possibility of either no benefit or a loss to the actor”. At that time, studies of animal behavior and phrenology(颅相学) led him to locate
92、egotistical(自我本位的) instincts at the back of the brain, altruistic ones at the front.Today, we have a far more sophisticated knowledge of the neurological(神经学的) and biochemical factors that underpin kind behavior. And this science forms the bases of two books aimed at general readersbut also at those
93、 who, despite the research, still doubt the existence of altruism.However, the books may end up providing more information for those who are doubtful. Take The Altruistic Brain by neuroscientist Donald Pfaff. On solid scientific ground, he builds a five-step theory of how altruism occurs, which depe
94、nds on an idea that is unconvincing and may achieve the opposite result. Pfaff argues that to act altruistically you should first visualize the receiver of your good will, then mentally transform their image into your own, “from angle to angle and curve to curve”. Does it really work?At the core of
95、evolutionary biologist David Sloan Wilsons Does Altruism Exist? is another contentious(有争议的) idea: altruism has evolved as the result of group selection. But Wilson argues his corner masterfully, providing a clever reply to the belief that natural selection occurs only at the level of the selfish ge
96、ne: “Selfishness beats altruism within groups. Altruistic groups beat selfish groups,” he says.In other words, we cooperate when doing so gives our team the advantage. That doesnt sound very selfless either.Wilson acknowledges this, but argues that thoughts and feelings are less important than actio
97、ns. According to evolutionary theory, pure altruists do exist, but it doesnt matter why people choose to help otherstheir reasons may be difficult even for themselves to understand. What matters is that humans can coordinate their activities in just the right way to achieve common goals. Other anima
98、ls do this too, but we are masters. “Teamwork is the signature adaptation of our species,” he says.Pfaff goes further, insisting that our brain biology “urges us to be kind”. He believes this knowledge alone will inspire individuals to be more altruistic. His desire to create a better world is admir
99、able and some of his ideas are interesting, but Wilsons analysis is clearer.While it is in our nature to be altruistic, Wilson says, we also have a healthy regard for self-interest and a resistance to being pushed around. Which one comes to the fore depends on the environment in which we find oursel
100、ves. Ethics, he says, cannot be taught at individual level, but are “a property of the whole system”.43. Which of the following can be considered an altruistic behaviour according to Comtes definition?A. A person offers to donate his liver to another who needs one.B. A clerk returns the umbrella to
101、his colleague which he has kept for a long time.C. A student volunteers to wok in the orphanage to collect data for his research.D. A police officer spots a car parking in the no-parking area, finding a child in the trunk.44. What does Donald Pfaff think people should do in order to behave altruisti
102、cally?A. Draw a picture of the person they are going to help.B. Transform the receiver into a kind person.C. Visualize what they are going to do in mind first.D. Imagine they themselves are to be helped.45. Which of the following statements is David Sloan most likely to agree with in his book?A. Bei
103、ng kind is not something people are born with.B. People in groups are less likely to be selfish.C. People may well act selflessly because of where they are.D. Most people know clearly why they are ready to help others.46. What can be concluded from the passage?A. Figuring out what makes us behave se
104、lflessly is a tricky business.B. Unlike Donald Pfaffs book, David Sloans book aims at professional readers.C. Comtes definition of altruism proves to be impractical in modern times.D. Both Donald Pfaff and David Sloan lay emphasis on team work.【答案】43. B 44. D 45. C 46. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以唐纳德普法夫和大卫斯隆
105、的两部关于利他主义的著作为例介绍了人们对法国社会学之父奥古斯特孔特提出的利他主义的不同看法。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He defined it as “intentional action for the welfare of others that involves at least the possibility of either no benefit or a loss to the actor”.”可知，奥古斯特孔特将利他主义定义为为他人的福利而采取的故意行为，这种行为至少可能不会给行为人带来利益或损失，“一个职员把他保管了很长时间的雨伞还给了他的同事”符合这个定义
106、，故B项正确。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pfaff argues that to act altruistically you should first visualize the receiver of your good will, then mentally transform their image into your own”可知，唐纳德普法夫认为人们应该想象他们自己会得到帮助才能表现出利他主义，故D项正确。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While it is in our nature to be altruistic, Wilson says, we
107、 also have a healthy regard for self-interest and a resistance to being pushed around. Which one comes to the fore depends on the environment in which we find ourselves.”可知，大卫斯隆说虽然利他主义是我们的天性，但我们也有一种健康的自利观，哪一个最重要取决于我们所处的环境，由此可知，大卫斯隆在书中最有可能同意人们可能会因为他们所处的位置而做出无私的行为，故C项正确。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，以唐纳德普法夫和大
108、卫斯隆的两部关于利他主义的著作为例介绍了人们对法国社会学之父奥古斯特孔特提出的利他主义的不同看法，利他主义一直是一个有争议的话题，专家学者对利他主义的看法不一，至今对是什么让我们表现得无私都没有一个明确的说法，有的研究者甚至还怀疑利他主义的存在，由此可知，弄清楚是什么让我们表现得无私是一件棘手的事情，故A项正确。【点睛】本篇第1题的难度较大，抓住奥古斯特孔特对利他主义的定义是关键，根据第一段中的“He defined it as “intentional action for the welfare of others that involves at least the possibilit
109、y of either no benefit or a loss to the actor”.”可知，奥古斯特孔特将利他主义定义为为他人的福利而采取的故意行为，这种行为至少可能不会给行为人带来利益或损失，“一个职员把他保管了很长时间的雨伞还给了他的同事”符合这个定义，其他三项要么不是为他人的福利采取的故意行为，要么给行为人带来了利益或损失，故B项正确。Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence
110、can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Adolescents refer to boys and girls at high-school levelmore specifically the second, third and forth years of high schools. In dealing with students at this level, we must bear in mind that to some degree they are at the di
111、fficult stage, generally called adolescence.Students at this level are likely to be confused mentally. They usually find it hard to concentrate on what they intend to do and often have romantic dreams. _47_ They lack frankness and are usually very easily affected by their own emotions but hate to ad
112、mit it. They are driven either by greater ambition, probably beyond their capability, or by extreme laziness caused by the fear of not succeeding or achieving objectives. _48_. They are willing to work, but they hate to work without obtaining the result they think they should obtain.Regarding school
113、 issues, although they seldom say so, they really want to be consulted and given an opportunity to direct their own affairs, but they need a good amount of guidance. They seldom admit that they need this guidance and they frequently rebel against it. But if its intelligently offered they accept it w
114、ith enthusiasm. As to personal beliefs, most of adolescents are trying to form political ideals and they have a tendency to be sometimes extremely idealistic, and at other times conventional, blindly accepting what their fathers and grandfathers believed in. _49_. On the one hand they are too modest
115、 and on the other hand unreasonably boastful. They tend to be influenced more by a strong character than by great intelligence._50_. Having a better understanding of the characteristics and needs of young people at this age is a task that falls both on educators and other people involved. It may als
116、o help the young go through this difficult and critical stage of life in a more constructive manner.A. The critical abilities are beginning to develop in adolescence.B. Their view on life usually falls on two extremes.C. Of all periods of life, this is what may best be called the “plastic age”.D. Th
117、ey are basically timid or self-conscious.E. Despite that, it is also in this period that strong ties between teachers and students develop.F. Fundamentally they want to be kept busy but they refuse to admit it.【答案】47. D 48. F 49. B 50. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年青春期的特征和问题，教育工作者和其他相关人员要了解他们的特点以便帮助青少年以一
118、种更具建设性的方式度过这一艰难和关键的人生阶段。【47题详解】由本段首句“Students at this level are likely to be confused mentally. (这一阶段的学生很可能在心理上感到困惑)”和下一句“They lack frankness and are usually very easily affected by their own emotions but hate to admit it. (他们缺乏坦率，通常很容易受到自己情绪的影响，但不愿承认这一点)”可知，本段讲青少年青春期的心理特征以困惑为主，不坦率还不愿意承认，说明他们知道自己不坦率
119、的问题，但缺乏承认的勇气，可得出他们胆小、有想法，承接上下文，D选项“他们基本上是胆小或有自我意识的。”切题。故选D项。【48题详解】由上两句“They lack frankness and are usually very easily affected by their own emotions but hate to admit it. They are driven either by greater ambition, probably beyond their capability, or by extreme laziness caused by the fear of not
120、succeeding or achieving objectives. (他们缺乏坦率，通常很容易受到自己情绪的影响，但不愿承认这一点。他们的动力要么是更大的雄心壮志，可能超出了他们的能力，要么是由于害怕无法成功或实现目标而导致的极度懒惰)”和下一句“They are willing to work, but they hate to work without obtaining the result they think they should obtain. (他们愿意学习，但他们憎恨学习，如果没有得到他们认为应该得到的结果)”可知，青少年青春期是不坦率的，愿意学习，但学习行为会受到自己情
121、绪的影响（从而懒于学习），还不愿意承认，承接上下文，F选项“从根本上说，他们想保持忙碌，但拒绝承认。”切题。故选F项。【49题详解】由上一句“As to personal beliefs, most of adolescents are trying to form political ideals and they have a tendency to be sometimes extremely idealistic, and at other times conventional, blindly accepting what their fathers and grandfathers
122、 believed in. (至于个人信仰，大多数青少年都试图形成政治理想，他们有时倾向于极端理想主义，有时则倾向于传统，盲目接受父亲和祖父的信仰)”可知，青少年的个人信仰，不是倾向于极端理想主义，就是倾向于传统主义，是两个极端，承接上文，B选项“他们的人生观通常是两个极端。”切题。故选B项。【50题详解】该空处于结尾段首句，应该是对青春期这一阶段做出总结说明，由下两句“Having a better understanding of the characteristics and needs of young people at this age is a task that falls b
123、oth on educators and other people involved. It may also help the young go through this difficult and critical stage of life in a more constructive manner. (更好地了解这个年龄段年轻人的特点和需求是教育工作者和其他相关人员的任务。它还可以帮助年轻人以一种更具建设性的方式度过这一艰难和关键的人生阶段)”可知，下文出现“age (年龄段)/stage (阶段)”与C选项中“period (阶段)/age (年龄段)”对应，可得出该空应该讲“有关青
124、春期阶段是什么”的信息，且下文讲教育人员可以帮助这个时期的孩子，说明这个时期的孩子能倾听他人意见、有很强的塑造性，承接下文，C选项“在生命的各个阶段中，这可能是最好的所谓“可塑性年龄段”。”切题。故选C项。IV. Summary Writing51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It is a common sight on cam
125、pus or in the streets: a young person rides by on an electric scooter, traveling quickly and proudly. But Beijings traffic authorities have said that starting on Sept.5, people who are caught riding electric scooters on public roads or bicycle lanes will be fined 10 yuan. They will also be given a w
126、arning not to use the vehicles on public roads again.The announcement was made after traffic police in Shanghai started a campaign to get electric scooters off public roads, with police officers stopping riders because the scooters could cause traffic problems.The Beijing Consumer Association said i
127、t had tested more than 20 electric scooters of different brands recently and found that most had substandard brakes. It added that 16 of the tested scooters could go faster than the maximum 20 km per hour set for electric bikes. According to the traffic police, people who ride electric scooters at c
128、ertain speeds can easily bump into the vehicles in the vehicle lane and hurt people who walk in the bicycle lanes.But seeing the benefits that electric scooters have brought to young people, experts are worried that the ban may take effect slowly.Electric scooters are a great answer to the last mile
129、 problem of getting from a public transport station to ones home. Theyre light enough to throw over your shoulder. Theyre easy to ride just about anywhere and dont need a lot of physical effort. The scooter can travel 25 km on one charge. Its convenient and easy to control.They are also good for env
130、ironment. Unlike cars and buses, electric scooters produce no carbon dioxide, need no fuel and make almost no noise.For many young people, they use them to copy cool celebrities they have seen in videos.【答案】People riding an electric scooter on public roads will be fined from Sept. 5th . Because of t
131、he substandard brakes and fast speed, electric scooters are considered potentially dangerous for riders and walking people. Considering its advantage of being convenient, portable environment-friendly and fashionable, experts predicted the ban would take effect slowly.【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。根据刚制定的规则电动车因为安全
132、问题不能在北京的道路上行驶，但由于在某些方面电动车有一定优势，所以可能不会那么快从道路上消失。【详解】本篇要求考生写一篇总结，通过阅读文章我们可以从三个方面进行总结：1.根据法规电动车自9月5日起不能在北京道路上行驶；2.禁止电动车上路行驶的主要原因：刹车不达标，超速，威胁司机和行人；3. 由于电动车有一定优势，可能短时间内不会立即从路上消失。综上，故本文可总结为：People riding an electric scooter on public roads will be fined from Sept. 5th . Because of the substandard brakes a
133、nd fast speed, electric scooters are considered potentially dangerous for riders and walking people. Considering its advantage of being convenient, portable environment-friendly and fashionable, experts predicted the ban would take effect slowly.第II卷 （共40分）V. TranslationDirections: Translate the fol
134、lowing sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 全球性的金融危机使就业问题雪上加霜。（add）（汉译英）【答案】Global financial crisis added to the difficulty of employment.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查句子结构。表示句子主语“全球性的金融危机”为固定短语global financial crisis，形容词global和financial作定语修饰不可数名词crisis；表示“使雪上加霜”为add to the difficulty，意
135、为“给增加了困难”，名词difficulty“困难”，不可数；表示“就业问题”用介词短语of employment（不可数）作后置定语修饰名词difficulty。根据句意，可用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故翻译为Global financial crisis added to the difficulty of employment.53. 你不觉得最好考虑所有可能的后果再做出决定比较好吗？(take) （汉译英）【答案】Dont you think its better to make a decision after taking all the possible consequenc
136、es into consideration/account?【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句和固定短语。分析可知，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，“你不觉得”翻译为dont you think，其后跟宾语从句，主句是一般疑问句；“最好做某事”是固定短语its better to do sth.，“考虑某物”用固定短语take sth.into consideration/account， “所有可能的后果”翻译为all the possible consequences，“做出决定”是固定短语make a decision；“再”用after doing sth.，是“在考虑所有可能的后果之后做出
137、决定”，因此整句话翻译为“Dont you think its better to make a decision after taking all the possible consequences into consideration/account? ”，故答案为Dont you think its better to make a decision after taking all the possible consequences into consideration/account?54. 鉴于该旅游景点的受欢迎程度, 建议你提前预定旅馆或露营地。(it) （汉译英）【答案】Con
138、sidering the popularity of the tourist sight, it is suggested that you should book the hotel or camping site ahead of time/in advance.【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气、固定句型和短语。根据句意并分析句子可知，句子用一般现在时，用固定句型it is suggested that.“建议”，that引导的主语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气，用（should）+动词原形，主语是you，谓语动词book“预订”，宾语hotel“宾馆”表示特指加定冠词the，camping si
139、te“宿营地”并列宾语，表示选择，用连词or，in advance“提前”，或者ahead of time“提前”作时间状语，“鉴于该旅游景点的受欢迎程度”用介宾短语作状语，介词considering“考虑到、鉴于”，后接宾语the popularity of the tourist sight“这个旅游景点的受欢迎度”，故翻译为Considering the popularity of the tourist sight, it is suggested that you should book the hotel or camping site ahead of time/in advan
140、ce.55. 家长应该把孩子的身心发展放在首位，而非盲目的报课外辅导班来给孩子施加不必要的压力。(priority) （汉译英）【答案】Parents should give top priority to their childrens physical and mental health instead of imposing unnecessary pressure on them by enrolling on/signing up for extra-school/extra-curricular tutorial classes blindly.【解析】【详解】考查情态动词和固定搭
141、配。“should +动词原形”作谓语结构，give priority to sth. (优先考虑某事)，instead of doing sth. (代替/而不是做某事)，impose sth. on sb. (把某物强加于某人)，by doing sth. (通过做某事)，enroll on/sign up (报名)，extra-school/extra-curricular tutorial classes (课外辅导班)；再根据其他汉语提示。故翻译为：Parents should give top priority to their childrens physical and men
142、tal health, instead of imposing unnecessary pressure on them by enrolling on/signing up for extra-school/extra-curricular tutorial classes blindly.。VI. Guided Writing56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是明启中学的学生李明，你的学校打
143、算引入机器人，担任食堂服务员图书管理员，在学校贴吧发帖，你很感兴趣，决定回帖响应，你所写的内容应包括：1. 你认为机器人适合担任的一个岗位，二选一。2. 阐述选择理由。【答案】Dear headmaster,So appealing is your plan to introduce a robot to our school that I decide to respond to your asking for proposals. From my perspective, a robot is more suitable for the position of librarian. Wit
144、h regard to the range of service, a librarian needs not only to classify books, but also put and find them in the right order on the right shelf, while being a waiter involves serving the right dishes to the right table, doing some cleaning and so on. A robot can accomplish three or four librarians
145、work of sorting and labeling books at the same time.In terms of working efficiency, a robot may be more efficient in doing the programmed mechanical and epetitive kind of work. Therefore, it is more advisable for the robot to undertake the duties of a librarian grouping countless books repeatedly. I
146、n a nutshell, it is the mechanical work of a librarian that the robot is more competent at. Hope that my advice will be of great help to your decision. Yours, Wang lei【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在学校贴吧发帖，就学校打算引入机器人担任食堂服务员或者图书管理员给出建议，并阐述理由。【详解】1.词汇积累吸引人的：appealing attractive建议：proposalsuggestion关于：with re
147、gard to concerning分类：classify categorize2.句式拓展变倒装句原句：With regard to the range of service, a librarian needs not only to classify books, but also put and find them in the right order on the right shelf拓展句：With regard to the range of service, not only does a librarian need to classify books, but also
148、he/she puts and finds them in the right order on the right shelf【点睛】【高分句型1】So appealing is your plan to introduce a robot to our school that I decide to respond to your asking for proposals.（运用了sothat句型，和倒装句）【高分句型2】With regard to the range of service, a librarian needs not only to classify books, bu
149、t also put and find them in the right order on the right shelf, while being a waiter involves serving the right dishes to the right table, doing some cleaning and so on.（运用了并列连词while引，动名词作主语和宾语）【高分句型3】Therefore, it is more advisable for the robot to undertake the duties of a librarian grouping countless books repeatedly.（运用了it形式主语，不定式作真正的主语）
