1、广东省仲元中学、中山一中等七校联合体2021届高三英语上学期第一次联考试题（含解析）本试卷共6页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。说明：1. 请注意在对应的题号上填涂答题卡，误涂或错涂不得分；2. 请注意在对应的答题卷上作答，误填或错填不得分。第一部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIts surprising how much simple movements of the body can affect the way we think. Using expansive ge
2、stures with open arms makes us feel more powerful, crossing your arms makes you more determined and lying down can bring more insights(领悟).So if moving the body can have these effects, what about the clothes we wear? Were all well aware of how dressing up in different ways can make us feel more attr
3、active, sporty or professional, depending on the clothes we wear, but can the clothes actually change cognitive (认知的)performance or is it just a feeling?Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on peoples powers of attention. The idea is that white coats are associated
4、with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail.What they found was that people wearing white coats performed better than those who werent. Indeed, they made only half as many errors as those wearing their own clothes on the StroopTest(one way of measuring attention). The
5、researchers call the effect enclothed cognition, suggesting that all manner of different clothes probably affect our cognition in many different ways.This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-based experiments. Is the writer who wears a fedora more creative? Is the psychologist wearing little roun
6、d glasses and smoking a cigar more insightful? Does a chefs hat make the resultant food taste better?From now on I will only be editing articles for PsyBlog while wearing a white coat to help keep the typing error count low. Hopefully you will be doing your part by reading PsyBlog in a cap and gown(
7、学位服).1. Adam and Galinskys experiment tested the effect of clothes on their wearers_.A. insightsB. attentionC. movementsD. appearance2. How does the author sound in the last paragraph?A. Humorous.B. Academic.C. Formal.D. Hopeful.3. What is the main idea of the text?A. Body movements change the way p
8、eople think.B. How people dress has an influence on their feelings.C. People doing different jobs should wear different clothes.D. What people wear can affect their cognitive performance.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了Adam和Galinsky所做的一个关于穿着白大褂人们注意力的实验。实验显示，穿白大褂的人表现更为出色，他们的错误率是穿普通衣服的人的一半。最终得出结论：着
9、装影响人的认知表现。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on peoples powers of attention.(Adam和Galinsky测试了简单地穿着白大褂对人们注意力的影响)及第四段Indeed, they made only half as many errors as those wearing their own clothes on the StroopTest(one way of measuring attention).(事实
10、上，他们犯的错误只有那些穿着自己衣服的人的一半（一种测量注意力的方法）。)可知，Adam和Galinsky的实验是测试着装对人们注意力的影响。B. attention(注意力)符合以上说法，故选B项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段From now on I will only be editing articles for PsyBlog while wearing a white coat to help keep the typing error count low. Hopefully you will be doing your part by reading PsyBlog i
11、n a cap and gown(学位服).可知，作者在讲述着装影响人的认知表现这一理论后说自己以后要穿白大褂上班编辑文章，以减少打字错误。他希望读者也能带上学士帽、穿上学位服阅读PsyBlog的文章。由此推断，作者是用一种幽默的语气调侃着装认知理论。A. Humorous.(幽默的)符合以上说法，故选A项。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的but can the clothes actually change cognitive performance or is it just a feeling(但是，衣服真的能改变认知表现吗?还是只是一种感觉)及下文所做的实验可知
12、，本文主要讲述着装对人认知表现的影响。D. What people wear can affect their cognitive performance.(着装对人认知表现的影响)符合以上说法，故选D项。BMy mother always said, You young men should explore your own country before stepping out into the world. It seemed like a tough task. But luckily for me, Via Rail Canada offered youths between the
13、 ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July in 2017. I jumped at the opportunity and secured an inexpensive ticket.Excitement was at its peak as I approached the train station on the morning when my 22-day adventure was to begin. I jumped on board the passenge
14、r vessel (车厢) like it was the train to Hogwarts in Harry Potter. The train headed west in search of our first destination the scenic town of Banff, Alberta. After just an hour on the train, desperation already came on me. The thought of three full days on those tracks broke my spirits. As I gazed ou
15、t towards Lake Superiors glistening (闪闪发亮) waves, I decided if I was to be stuck in here, I would need to enjoy my time.Those three days turned into a summer camp on rails. Real friendships with the crew were born within that train. Stops were made in small, remote railroad villages. A large group o
16、f strangers turned travelling companions would rush towards the villages to reward our endless patience with local cuisine. At night, we would walk to the glass-domed (玻璃穹顶) train car,which gave a scenic view of the night sky, untouched by light pollution.After three days, we arrived in Banff. Befor
17、e my adventure of taking the train across Canada, if I could have skipped the travel and arrived at the destination, I would have. But that is no longer true. Ive learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.4. What made the authors train trip possible?A. The attraction of the
18、 splendid scenery.B. A time-limited ticket offer for youths.C. The encouragement from his mother.D. His determination to face the tough tasks.5. Which of the following best describes the author as a young man?A. Considerate.B. Determined.C. Smart.D. Adaptable.6. What has the author learned from his
19、adventure?A. To enjoy travelling on his own.B. To skip to the final destination.C. To explore more in the process.D. To be content with train service.【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者的旅行经历，作者的心态从盼望快速到达目的地转变为关注旅途中的快乐。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的But luckily for me, Via Rail Canada offered youths between the
20、ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July in 2017. I jumped at the opportunity and secured an inexpensive ticket.(但我很幸运，加拿大的Via Rail为18到25岁的青年提供在2017年穿越加拿大的火车旅行。我听到这个机会很高兴，并且获得了一张便宜的车票)可知，加拿大Via Rail 为年轻人提供的限时低价车票让作者穿越加拿大的旅行成为可能。B. A time-limited ticket offer
21、 for youths.(一张为青年人提供的限时车票)符合以上说法，故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的As I gazed out towards Lake Superiors glistening (闪闪发亮) waves, I decided if I was to be stuck in here, I would need to enjoy my time.(当我凝视苏必利尔湖畔闪闪发光的海浪时，我决定如果要呆在这里，我需要享受我的时间。)和第三段中的Those three days turned into a summer camp on rails. Real fri
22、endships with the crew were born within that train.( 那三天变成了铁轨上的夏令营。与乘务员的真正友谊源于那列火车。)可知，作者想办法度过在火车上的时间，使自己充满快乐。由此推测作者的适应性强。D. Adaptable.(有适应能力的)符合以上推测，故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Ive learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.(我明白了关注旅途中的快乐比盼望到达目的地更有趣。)可知，作者明白了要在旅行中去探索更多的快乐。C. To
23、 explore more in the process.(要在过程中探索更多的快乐)符合以上说法，故选D项。CLife expectancy in the United States has been in decline for the first time in decades, and public health officials have identified a series of potential causes, including inaccessible health care, rising drug addiction and rates of mental heal
24、th disorders, and socio-economic factors. Now, a study led by the Yale School of Medicine has attempted to find out the relative impact of two factors most often linked to life expectancy race and education by looking at data about 5,114 black and white participants in four U.S. cities.The lives and
25、 deaths among this group of people who took part in the study approximately 30 years ago when they were in their early 20s show that the level of education, and not race, is the best predictor of who will live the longest.Among the 5,114 people followed in the study, 395 had died. These deaths were
26、occurring in working-age people, often with children, before the age of 60. The rates of death among participants in this group did clearly show racial differences, with approximately 9% of blacks dying at an early age compared to 6% of whites. There were also differences in causes of death by race.
27、 For instance, black men were significantly more likely to die of murder and white men from AIDS. The most common causes of death across all groups over time were cardiovascular disease and cancer.But there were also obvious differences in rates of death by education level. Approximately 13% of part
28、icipants with a high school degree or less education died compared with only approximately 5% of college graduates.Strikingly, when looking at race and education at the same time, the researchers found that differences related to race almost disappeared: 13.5% of black subjects and 13.2% of white su
29、bjects with a high school degree or less died during the course of the study. By contrast, 5.9% of black subjects and 4.3% of whites with college degrees had died.Therefore, improving overall quality of education is something tangible that can help reverse (扭转)this troubling trend in reduction of li
30、fe expectancy among middle-aged adults.7. What can we learn about the participants in the study?A. The whites are more aggressive.B. The whites got higher education.C. More blacks than whites died young.D. More whites than blacks died of cancer.8. Compared with education, the influence of race on de
31、ath rates is .A. significantB. unnoticeableC. growingD. long-lasting9. What does the underlined word “tangible” probably mean?A. Realistic.B. Creative.C. Challenging.D. Temporary.10. What can be inferred from the research findings？A. People can get smart through learning.B. One should not discrimina
32、te other races.C. People dont enjoy equal rights for education.D One can live longer by getting more education.【答案】7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。研究表明教育水平，而不是种族，是预测谁会活得最久的最好指标。提高整体教育质量能够帮助扭转令人担忧的中年人预期寿命下降的趋势。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段The rates of death among participants in this group did clearly show ra
33、cial differences, with approximately 9% of blacks dying at an early age compared to 6% of whites.这一组参与者的死亡率确实清楚地显示了种族差异，大约9%的黑人在早期死亡，而白人的死亡率为6%，由此可知年轻时死亡的黑人比白人多，故选C。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段The lives and deaths among this group of peopleshow that the level of education, and not race, is the best predictor o
34、f who will live the longest.最后一段Therefore, improving overall quality of education is something tangible that can help reverse (扭转)this troubling trend in reduction of life expectancy among middle-aged adults.和文中的数据比较可知研究表明教育水平，而不是种族，是预测谁会活得最久的最好指标。提高整体教育质量能够帮助扭转令人担忧的中年人预期寿命下降的趋势。所以相对于教育对寿命的影响来说，种族的因
35、素是不明显的。故选B。【9题详解】猜测词义题。根据上文内容可知，教育水平是预测谁会活得最久的最好指标。根据句中improving overall quality of education和can help reverse (扭转)this troubling trend in reduction of life expectancy among middle-aged adults.可知全面提高教育质量能够帮助扭转令人担忧的中年人预期寿命下降的趋势，也就是说全面提高教育质量是“具体的，切实的”的措施。tangible和realistic同义，故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段13
36、.5% of black subjects and 13.2% of white subjects with a high school degree or less died during the course of the study. By contrast, 5.9% of black subjects and 4.3% of whites with college degrees had died.和文章内容可知教育水平是预测谁会活得最久的最好指标。由此推知一个人可以通过接受更多的教育而活得更久，故选D。【点睛】细节理解题需要我们认真读文，从文章中找到正确依据，然后比较分析答案。比如
37、第1小题，根据第三段For instance, black men were significantly more likely to die of murder and white men from AIDS. 可知黑人男性死于谋杀的可能性明显高于白人男性死于艾滋病的可能性，A项The whites are more aggressive.表达错误。根据The most common causes of death across all groups over time were cardiovascular disease and cancer.可知所有人群最常见的死亡原因是心血管疾病和癌
38、症。并没有说白人比黑人多，D项More whites than blacks died of cancer.错误。B项文中没有涉及。根据The rates of death among participants in this group did clearly show racial differences, with approximately 9% of blacks dying at an early age compared to 6% of whites.这一组参与者的死亡率确实清楚地显示了种族差异，大约9%的黑人在早期死亡，而白人的死亡率为6%，由此可知年轻时死亡的黑人比白人多，
39、C项正确。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Much of the work in todays world is accomplished(完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. _11_Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is
40、their money well spent?_12_They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the teams performance begins t
41、o decline. Interestingly, this trend isnt evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance.To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions. _13_In b
42、aseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower.
43、If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the teams performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” _14_Another possi
44、bility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force._15_ An A-team may require a balance-not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.A.
45、Its not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.C The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers attention.D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.E. Several recent studies exam
46、ined the role of talent in the sports world.F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.【答案】11. B 12. E 13. G 14. D 15. F【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡
47、不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。【11题详解】上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。【12题详解】下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和棒球。结果有好有坏。”这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。【13题详解】上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区
48、别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。【14题详解】上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。【15题详解】下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。It was late,
49、about 10:15 p.m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport train station; she jumped into her Honda Odyssey and began the 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. Shed just returned from visiting her mother and had traveled the route many times before. She practically _16_ on
50、autopilot: a left onto Station Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and thenwham! Out of nowhere a car T-boned Espositos minivan, _17_ her to move backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. She _18_ in the minivan, bruised (撞伤) but mostly just knocked out by the _19_ and the airbags.As it hap
51、pened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for _20_. Hed just closed his book and was getting under the covers when he heard the sound of metal on metal and breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. A volunteer_21_and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never _22_to think. He grabbed a fla
52、shlight and, still dressed in his pajamas (睡衣), ran out the door. “Any firefighter would have done what I did,” he told Newsday. “Were always on_23_.”The first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had _24_Esposito. Once DiPinto concluded the driver was OK, he looked aro
53、und and _25_Espositos minivan positioned on the railroad tracks. And then he heard a terrible sound: the bells signaling an oncoming _26_.“The gates were starting to come down,” he told Newsday. “I see the headlight of the train.” DiPinto ran quickly to Espositos minivan and knocked on the drivers s
54、ide window. She _27_ looked at him, her eyes unfocused. “I dont know where I am,” she said. She seemed unhurt. “Honey, youre on the railroad _28_,” DiPinto shouted. “We have to get you off right now!” He pulled hard on the _29_, but the door was crashed in and _30_. The heavy diesel train, traveling
55、 at 65 miles per hour, was moving fast toward them. DiPinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the _31_. “Please, dont let her be _32_,” he thought. He pushed aside the deflating (瘪了的) airbags, grabbed Espositos arms, and_33_her toward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out
56、and quickly get her to _34_ behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six seconds, he estimated, the train crashed into the minivan. “It was like a Hollywood movie,” DiPinto told reporters the next day.But this one had a twist. “Last night,” South Country Ambulance chief Greg Miglino told CBS New
57、York, “the_35_ arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck.”16. A. droveB. walkedC. rodeD. hiked17. A. allowingB. forcingC. orderingD. reminding18. A. satB. stoodC. hidD. waited19. A. actionB. noiseC. impactD. bomb20. A. classB. workC. dinnerD. bed21. A. doctorB. driverC. firefighterD. engineer22. A. st
58、oppedB. troubledC. intendedD. wanted23. A. dutyB. timeC. targetD. schedule24. A. warnedB. caughtC. hitD. followed25. A. observedB. spottedC. realizedD. predicted26. A. trainB. truckC. carD. ambulance27 A. yetB. justC. stillD. even28. A. yardsB. stationsC. bridgesD. tracks29. A. beltB. keyC. bellD. h
59、andle30. A. unlockedB. jammedC. openD. gone31. A. bagB. doorC. bookD. box32. A. scaredB. ignoredC. trappedD. defeated33. A. carriedB. rushedC. guidedD. pulled34. A. returnB. workC. safetyD. life35. A. policeB. actorC. reporterD. hero【答案】16. A 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26.
60、 A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个夜晚发生了事故，埃斯波西托的小货车被撞了，落在铁轨上，皮特迪平托听到声音立刻出来现场进行救助，火车就要来临前的几秒钟，这个英雄顺利挽救了司机的生命的感人故事。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她几乎是自动驾驶的：左转到车站路，然后左转到蒙托克高速公路，然后是嘭的一声！A. drove开车；B. walked走路；C. rode骑着；D. hiked远足，徒步旅行。根据上文she jumped into her Honda Odysse
61、y可知她是开车的。故选A。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一辆不知道从哪儿冒出来的汽车撞毁了埃斯波西托的小货车，迫使她后退了大约100英尺，落在铁轨上。A. allowing允许；B. forcing强迫；C. ordering命令，指示；D. reminding提醒。根据to move backward some 100 feet可知她是被迫后退的。故选B。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她坐在一辆小型货车里，身上有瘀伤，但基本上是被冲击的影响和安全气囊搞得晕了过去。A. sat坐；B. stood站立；C. hid躲藏；D. waited等待。根据knocked out可知她当
62、时是坐着车里的。故选A。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她坐在一辆小型货车里，身上有瘀伤，但基本上是被冲击的影响和安全气囊搞得晕了过去。A. action行动；B. noise噪音，响声；C. impact影响，效果；D. bomb炸弹。根据the airbags可知这是被撞击造成的影响。故选C。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事情发生时，皮特迪平托正准备睡觉。A. class班级；B. work工作；C. dinner晚餐；D. bed床。根据下文Hed just closed his book and was getting under the covers可知此处他准备上床睡
63、觉。故选D。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：64岁的迪平托是一名志愿消防员和退休教师。A. doctor医生；B. driver司机；C. firefighter消防队员；D. engineer工程师。根据下文“Any firefighter would have done what I did,” he told Newsday.可知他是一名志愿消防员。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：64岁的迪平托是一名志愿消防员和退休教师，他没有停下来去思考发生了什么。A. stopped停下；B. troubled麻烦；C. intended打算；D. wanted想要。根据下文He
64、 grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas (睡衣), ran out the door.这一系列动作可知他听到声音后没有停下来思考就出去了。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“任何消防员都会做我做的事，”他告诉新闻日报。“我们总是在坚守岗位。”A. duty责任；B. time时间；C. target 目标；D. schedule计划表。on duty值班，上班。符合消防员的工作性质。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在离前院2000英尺的地方发现的第一辆车就是撞到埃斯波西托的那辆。A. warne
65、d警告；B. caught捕捉；C. hit撞击，打击，袭击；D. followed跟着，听从。根据上文Out of nowhere a car T-boned Espositos minivan可知这是撞击了埃斯波西托的那辆车。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当迪平托断定司机安然无恙时，他环顾四周，发现埃斯波西托的小货车停在了铁轨上。A. observed观察；B. spotted发现；C. realized实现，意识到；D. predicted预测，预报。根据他的动作concluded和looked around可知此处表示他发现了埃斯波西托的小货车停在了铁轨上。故选B。【2
66、6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他听到一声可怕的声音：火车驶来的钟声。A. train火车；B. truck卡车；C. car小汽车；D. ambulance救护车。根据下文“I see the headlight of the train.”可知此处表示听到火车驶来的钟声。故选A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她只是看着他，眼神不集中。A. yet还，但是，已经；B. just仅仅，只是；C. still仍然；D. even甚至，即使。根据her eyes unfocused可知她当时不清醒，所以只能看着迪平托而没有其他反应。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“亲爱
67、的，你在铁轨上，”迪平托喊道。A. yards院子；B. stations 车站；C. bridges桥；D. tracks轨道。根据上文Espositos minivan positioned on the railroad tracks可知此处表示在铁轨上。railroad tracks铁轨。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他使劲拉着门把手，但门被撞进去了，卡住了。A. belt腰带，地带；B. key钥匙；C. bell铃，钟声；D. handle把手，柄。根据but the door 可知他抓的是门把手。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他使劲拉着门把手，但
68、门被撞进去了，卡住了。A. unlocked打开的；B. jammed卡住的，拥堵的；C. open公开的，敞开的，打开的；D. gone消失的。根据but the door was crashed in可知此处表示门被卡住了。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪平托跑副驾驶的位置，把门打开。A. bag书包，背包；B. door门；C. book书本；D. box箱，盒子。根据DiPinto ran to the passenger side可知他跑到另一边去开门。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“求求你，别让她被困住了，”他想。A. scared害怕；B. ign
69、ored忽略，不理睬；C. trapped困住；D. defeated打败。根据上文but the door was crashed in and jammed可知此处表示困住之意。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他推开泄气的安全气囊，抓住埃斯波西托的胳膊，把她从副驾驶座位上拉到自己身边，直到他能把她救出来，并迅速把她带到几英尺外一个信号箱后面的安全地带。A. carried携带；B. rushed匆促，急忙；C. guided导向；D. pulled拉，牵引。根据grabbed Espositos arms可知他把埃斯波西托拉拽出来。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意
70、：他推开泄气的安全气囊，抓住埃斯波西托的胳膊，把她从乘客座位上拉到自己身边，直到他能把她救出来，并迅速把她带到几英尺外一个信号箱后面的安全地带。A. return返回，恢复；B. work产品，工厂，文学，工作；C. safety安全；D. life生命，生活。根据常识和behind a signal box a few feet away可知此处表示安全地带。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“昨天晚上，”南部地区救护车负责人Greg Miglino告诉纽约哥伦比亚广播公司，“英雄是穿着睡衣来的，不是坐消防车来的。”A. police警察；B. actor演员；C. report
71、er记者；D. hero英雄。根据arrived in pajamas可知此处指的是迪平托，他在危急时刻救了埃斯波西托，是一个英雄。故选D。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第5小题要求判断迪平托要做什么，根据下文Hed just closed his book and was getting under the covers可知此处他准备上床睡觉。故选D项。第13小题要求判断埃斯波西托当时身处哪里，根据上文Espositos minivan positioned on the railroad tracks
72、可知此处表示在铁轨上。railroad tracks铁轨。故选D项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The Palace Museum, also known as the Forbidden City, is a much-visited and much-photographed tourist_36_(attract). This Chinese palace with a history of about 600 years _37_(receive) millions of visits
73、every year and lots of TV programs have shown the place in recent years.However, it still has secrets, and a new program_38_(design) to explore those unknown areas and the stories within is set to show the palace in a new light. The variety show, Shang Xin Le Gu Gong, broadcast its first episode (一集
74、) on Beijing TV and online streaming media site, iQiyi. com, on November 9. That first episode won wide acceptance from audiences and_39_(think) highly of on Douban. com. It brings many elements(元素)together, and everything in the show is_40_(perfect) matched and turns out amazing, said _41_ online u
75、ser. It brings me the thrill I felt when I stepped into the Palace Museum for the first time.”In each one-hour-long episode, the actors and actresses switch between playing guides and historical _42_ (figure) like emperors and royal family members of the Qing Dynasty(16441911). They focus on areas w
76、hich are still not accessible _43_ the public and the stories _44_(surround) them. In the show, the actors and actresses are also joined by designers _45_ will create products based on what they see. The most popular ones, based on an online vote, are to be turned into souvenirs for sale.【答案】36. att
77、raction 37. receives 38. designed 39. was thought 40. perfectly 41. an 42. figures 43. to 44. surrounding 45. who/that【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，一个旨在揭秘故宫博物馆秘事和探索其不为人知地区的节目上新了故宫，以一种全新的角度带领观众了解故宫，节目一经播出就好评如潮并引发了相关网上投票活动。【36题详解】考查名词。分析句子可知，a much-visited and much-photographed tourist_1_是一个“冠词+形容词+名词”名词短语结构，因为有
78、a，所以此空用单数可数名词，故填attraction。【37题详解】考查时态。分析句子可知，设空处是句子谓语动词，根据下文的every year判断为一般现在时，主语palace是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单现形式，故填receives。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作为名词program的后置定语，逻辑主语program和design之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填designed。【39题详解】考查时态和语态。分析句子可知此处是并列句的谓语动词，由上文的won判断为一般过去时，主语that first episode和think之间是被动关系，应用一般过
79、去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填was thought。【40题详解】考查副词。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰形容词matched，故填perfectly。【41题详解】考查冠词。分析句子可知，此处泛指“一位网络用户”，表泛指用不定冠词a/an，online元音音素开头，所以用an。故填an。【42题详解】考查名词的数。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为动词play的宾语，figure作为“人物”时是可数名词，结合语境和上文的guides判断用该名词的复数，故填figures。【43题详解】考查介词。根据固定短语be accessible to“可以为所了解”可知，此处应填介词to，故填to。【4
80、4题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作为名词stories的后置定语，逻辑主语stories和surround之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填surrounding。【45题详解】考查定语。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词designers在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who/ that，故填who/ that。第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分20分）46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校的交换生Bob已学习中国象棋长达一年，特发邮件向你询问将由学生会举办的中国象棋大赛的情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1举办比赛的目的；2比赛的
81、时间和地点；3建议他报名参加并说明理由。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：中国象棋大赛Chinese Chess Contest【答案】Dear Bob，Delighted that you are interested to know about the Chinese Chess Contest to be held by the Students Union, Im writing to inform you of some relevant information.Aimed at raising students awareness of tr
82、aditional Chinese culture and developing students love for Chinese chess, the contest will be held at the Student Center on September 8th. Since you have learned to play Chinese chess for a year, I suggest that you should participate in the contest. I am convinced that your participation will surely
83、 make a difference.Through the contest, not only can you improve your skills of playing Chinese chess but also you can make friends with other excellent players.If you need further information, please dont hesitate to contact me. Im expecting to see you in the contest and it is my belief that you wi
84、ll perform well. Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生回复交换生Bob关于学校举办中国象棋大赛的情况。【详解】体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应以一般将来时和一般现在时为主结构：总分总 要求：1举办比赛的目的；2比赛的时间和地点；3建议他报名参加并说明理由。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）be delighted that/ inform sb. of sth./ be aimed at/ awareness/ suggest that sb. should do sth./ make a d
85、ifference/ not onlybut also/ make friends with sb./ hesitate to do sth./ expect to do sth./ look forward to第三步：连词成句1.Delighted that you are interested to know about the Chinese Chess Contest to be held by the Students Union, Im writing to inform you of some relevant information.2.Aimed at raising st
86、udents awareness of traditional Chinese culture and developing students love for Chinese chess, the contest will be held at the Student Center on September 8th. 3.Since you have learned to play Chinese chess for a year, I suggest that you should participate in the contest. 4.I am convinced that your
87、 participation will surely make a difference. 5.Through the contest, not only can you improve your skills of playing Chinese chess but also you can make friends with other excellent players.6.If you need further information, please dont hesitate to contact me. 7.Im expecting to see you in the contes
88、t and it is my belief that you will perform well. 8.Looking forward to your reply.第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：Since you have learned to p
89、lay Chinese chess for a year, I suggest that you should participate in the contest.中since引导原因状语从句，that引导宾语从句；Im expecting to see you in the contest and it is my belief that you will perform well.中that引导同位语从句。第二节 概要写作（满分20分）47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Haagen-Dazs (哈根达斯雪糕) from Europe started in 198
90、9 and is 5-10 times more expensive than regular ice cream. There is no real advantage. However, it adopted a unique marketing strategy, and quickly occupied the market as a top ice cream brand.Haagen-Dazs did not set up shops in ordinary supermarkets or grocery stores. Haggen-Dazs leisure fashion sh
91、ops are located in busy sections of malls. The layout is carefully planned to create an elegant atmosphere, and sometimes, a flagship (旗舰) store will cost several million dollars.Compared to other ice cream brands, Haagen-Dazs consumers are tightly grouped. It is understood that Haagen-Dazs seldom d
92、oes television advertising. The majority of ads have the highly visual impact of the print medium. In particular many advertisements look for those pyramid tip consumers. Moreover, as long as the consumer who spends 500 Yuan to fill in a small form can become their members, these members will be reg
93、ularly sent advertisements by direct mail. Praise of customers is a powerful weapon for Haagen Dazs.There is always much creative ingenuity (独出心裁) in Haagen-Dazs advertising, so it is remembered by the public. Initial advertisements such as: Delicious Haagen-Dazs, like 24K gold, Kobe beef from Japan
94、, original palm oil, mushroom truffles and Chinese ceramics and Love her, let her eat Haagen-Dazs. attracted numerous Haagen-Dazs lovers who became regulars.Today, Haggen Dazs has about 700 stores in 55 countries with annual sales of more than 1 billion US dollars. Haagen-Dazs has become the worlds
95、most popular ice cream brand. In the United States, its market share is 6.1%, 1% in France, 4.6% in Japan, 4% in Singapore, and 5% in Hong Kong.Determined to win the majority of wealthy customers, they combined positioning in the marketplace with dedicated brand goals. This is the real secret of suc
96、cess.【答案】Haagen-Dazs has become the most popular ice cream for its distinctive marketing strategy. (要点1)One reason is that its shops are often situated in busy malls. (要点2)Another factor lies in its print advertisements with an excellent visual effect especially targeting consumers with great purcha
97、sing power. (要点3)Besides, the creativity in the advertisements also creates an impressive image. (要点4)In a word, adopting a unique marketing strategy has contributed to the brands worldwide popularity. (要点5)【解析】【分析】这是一篇概要写作。文章主要介绍了哈根达斯成为最受欢迎的冰激凌的市场策略。【详解】通读全文可知，本文是总分总结构，可以从以下五点进行总结：因为独特的市场策略哈根达斯成为最受
98、欢迎的冰激凌；原因之一是它的商店都开在繁忙的商场；原因之二是它的广告极具视觉效应，可以吸引顾客购买；原因之三是具有创造力的广告令人印象深刻；总的来说，独特的市场策略是这个品牌受到全世界欢迎的原因。即：Haagen-Dazs has become the most popular ice cream for its distinctive marketing strategy. (要点1)One reason is that its shops are often situated in busy malls. (要点2)Another factor lies in its print advertisements with an excellent visual effect especially targeting consumers with great purchasing power. (要点3)Besides, the creativity in the advertisements also creates an impressive image. (要点4)In a word, adopting a unique marketing strategy has contributed to the brands worldwide popularity. (要点5)
