1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家广东省2012届高三英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（37）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIt is obvious that doctors recognize obesity as a health problem. So why is it so hard for them to talk to their patients about it?The results of two surveys, one of primary care physicians and the other of patie
2、nts, found that while most doctors want to help patients lose weight and think it is their responsibility to do so, they often dont know what to say.“So while doctors may tell patients they are overweight, the conversation often ends there,” said Christine C. Ferguson, director of the Stop Obesity A
3、lliance. “Patients are not told about the possibility of diabetes (糖尿病),” she said. “And doctors dont feel they have good information to give. They felt that they didnt have adequate tools to address this problem.The lack of dialogue hurts patients, too. The patient survey, of over 1,000 adults, fou
4、nd that most overweight patients dont even know that theyre too heavy. Only 39 percent of overweight people surveyed had ever been told by a health care provider that they were overweight.Of those who were told they were obese, 90 percent were also told by their doctors to lose weight, the survey fo
5、und. In fact most have tried to lose weight and may have been successful in the pastand many are still trying, the survey found. And many understand that losing even a small amount of weight can have a positive impact on their health and reduce their risk of obesityrelated diseases like hypertension
6、 and diabetes.Dr. William Bestermann Jr., medical director of Holston Medical Group, in Kingsport, Tenn. , which ranks the 10th in obesity among metropolitan areas in the United States, said the dialogue had to be an ongoing one and could not be dropped after just one mention of the problem. “If you
7、re to be successful with helping your patients lose weight, you have to talk to them at actually every visit about their progress, and find something to encourage them and coach them,” he said.He acknowledged that many doctors tend to be not optimistic.“Part of this is that theres this common belief
8、, and doctors are burdened by it, too, that overweight people are weak-willed and just dont have any willpower and are selfindulgent and all that business,” he said. “If you think that way, youre not going to spend time having a productive conversation.”1 What is the Stop Obesity Alliance most proba
9、bly in Paragraph 3?A. An organization of doctors suffering from obesity.B. An organization of patients suffering from obesity.C. A research group that conducts special surveys about overweight people.D. A research group dealing with doctor-patient relationship.2 How many of the patients surveyed hav
10、e been advised by their doctors to lose weight?A. About 350.B. About 390.C. About 900.D. About 1,000.3What can be inferred about obesity patients in Paragraph 5?A. They are not as hopeless as doctors think they are.B. Most of them have tried hard to lose weight, but in vain.C. Without their doctors
11、constant coaching, there is little chance of their succeeding in losing weight.D. Most of them have just given up their hope of becoming less heavy.4.According to the passage, which factor contributes to the lack of dialogue between doctors and patients?A. Most doctors never think of warning their p
12、atients about their weight problem.B. Many doctors find it difficult to persuade overweight people to lose weight.C. Most patients are too weak-willed to do anything about their weight.D. Many patients tend not to trust their doctors about their weight problem.5.Which of the following is the best ti
13、tle of the passage?A. Obesity in the U. S.B. Trouble of overweight Americans.C. Talk more, help better.D. Doctors or patients-who to bear more blame?BIt is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little
14、traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.Hel
15、en Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have
16、few prospects of a commercial return, and Lees is one of them.The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years worki
17、ng for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of
18、 experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well p
19、laced to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving
20、university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”6. By “a one-way street” in Paragraph One, the author means _. A. university researchers know little about the co
21、mmercial world B. there is little exchange between industry and academia C. few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university D. few university professors are willing to do industrial research7.The underlined word “deterrent” most probably refers to something that _. A. keeps someone from
22、 taking action B. helps to move the traffic C. attracts peoples attention D. brings someone a financial burden8. What was Helen Lees major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?A. Flexible work hours. B. Her research interests. C. Her preference for the lifestyle on camp
23、us.D. Prospects of academic accomplishments.9. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to _. A. do financially more rewarding work B. raise his status in the academic world C. enrich his experience in medical research D. exploit better intellectual opportunities10. What contrib
24、ution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university? A. Increase its graduates competitiveness in the job market. B. Develop its students potential in research. C. Help it to obtain financial support from industry.D. Gear its research towards practical applications.CThe gove
25、rnment-run command post in Tunis is staffed around the clock by military personnel, meteorologists and civilians. On the wall are maps, crisscrossed with brightly colors arrows that painstakingly track the fearsome path of the enemy. What kind of invader gives rise to such high-level monitoring? Not
26、 man, not beast, but the lowly desert locust(蝗虫). In recent months, billions of the 3-inch-long winged warriors have descended on Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia, blackening the sky and eating up crops and vegetation. The insect invasion, the worst in 30 years, is already creating great destruct
27、ion in the Middle East and is now treating southern Europe. The current crisis began in late 1985 near the Red Sea. Unusually rainy weather moistened the sands of the Sudan, making them ideal seedbed for the locust, which lays its eggs in the earth. The insect onslaught threatens to create yet anoth
28、er African famine. Each locust can eat its weight (not quite a tenth of an ounce) in vegetation every 24 hours. A good-size swarm of 50 billion insects eats up 100,000 tons of grass, trees and crops in a single night.All 150 million may be needed this year. The U.S. has provided two spraying planes
29、and about 50,000 gal. of pesticide. The European Community has donated 3.8 million in aid and the Soviet Union, Canada, Japan and China have provided chemical-spraying aircraft to help wipe out the pests. But relief efforts are hampered by the relative mildness of approved pesticides, which quickly
30、lose their deadly punch and require frequent replications. The most effective locust killer dieldrin has been linked to cancer and is banned by many Western countries and some of the affected African nations. More than 5 million acres have been dusted with locust-killing chemicals; another 5 million
31、 will be treated by the end of June.On May 30, representatives of Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Mauritania will meet in Algiers to discuss tactics to wipe out the ravenous swarms. The move is an important step, but whatever plan is devised, the locust plague promised to get worse before the i
32、nsects can be brought under control.11. The main idea of the first sentence in the passage is that _. A. the command post is stationed with people all the time. B. the command post is crowded with people all the time. C. there are clocks around the command post. D. the clock in the command post is t
33、aken care of by the staff.12. The favorable breeding ground for the locust is _. A. rich soil. B. wet land C. paces covered crops and vegetationD. the Red Sea13. People are alert at the threat of the locust because _. A. the insects are likely to create another African famine. B. the insects may bla
34、cken the sky. C. the number of the insects increases drastically. D. the insects are gathering and moving in great speed.14. Which of the following is true? A. Once the pesticides are used, locust will die immediately. B. Relief efforts are proved most fruitful due to the effectiveness of certain pe
35、sticides. C. Dieldrin, the most effective locust killer, has been widely accepted in many countries. D. Over 10 million acres of affected area will have been treated with locust-killing chemicals by the end of June.15. The purpose for affected nations to meet in Algiers on May 30 is _. A. to devise
36、anti-locust plans. B. to wipe out the swarms in two years. C. to call out for additional financial aid from other nations.D. to bring the insects under control before the plague gets worse. DThere are various ways in which individual economic units can interact with one another. Three basic ways may
37、 be described as the market system, the administered system, and the traditional system. In a market system individual economic units are free to interact among each other in the marketplace. It is possible to buy commodities from other economic units or sell commodities to them. In a market, transa
38、ctions may take place via barter or money exchange. In a barter economy, real goods such as automobiles, shoes, and pizzas are traded against each other. Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade my old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an easy task. Hence, the introduction of mo
39、ney as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably. In the modern market economy, goods and services are bought or sold for money.An alternative to the market system is administrative control by some agency over all transactions. This agency will issue commands as to how much of each good a
40、nd service should be produced, exchanged, and consumed by each economic unit. Central planning may be one way of administering such an economy. The central plan, drawn up by the government, shows the amounts of each commodity produced by the various firms and allocated to different households for co
41、nsumption. This is an example of complete planning of production, consumption, and exchange for the whole economy.In a traditional society, production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition; every persons place within the economic system is fixed by parentage, religion, and custom. Trans
42、actions take place on the basis of tradition, too. People belonging to a certain group or caste（阶级） may have an obligation to care for other persons, provide them with food and shelter, care for their health, and provide for their education. Clearly, in a system where every decision is made on the b
43、asis of tradition alone, progress may be difficult to achieve. An inactive society may result.16. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To outline contrasting types of economic systems. B. To explain the science of economics. C. To argue for the superiority of one economic system. D. To compar
44、e barter and money-exchange markets.17. In the second paragraph, the underlined word “real” could best be replaced by _. A. valuable B. concrete C. absolute D. reliable18. According to the passage, a barter economy can generate _. A. rapid speed of transactions B. misunderstandings C. inflation D. d
45、ifficulties for the traders19. According to the passage, who has the greatest degree of control in the administered system? A. Individual households. B. Small businesses. C. Major corporations. D. The government.20. Which of the following is not mentioned by the author as a criterion（标准）for determining a persons position in a traditional society? A. Family background B. Age C. Religious beliefs. D. CustomBAABC CABDA BBADA ABDDB高考资源网独家精品资源，欢迎下载！高考资源网Ks5uK&S%5#UKs5uKs%U高考资源网高考资源网高考资源网 高考资源网版权所有，侵权必究！
