1、必修5 Unit 3 Life in the futureI. 单元基础知识1. 核心单词(1) constant _(2) optimistic _(3) recycle _(4) greedy_(5) adjustment _(6) enormous _(7) exhausted _(8) _ n动机(9) _ vt. 容忍；忍受(10) _ n效率；功效_adj.效率高的；有能力的(11) _ n周围的事物；环境_ adj.周围的_ vt.围绕(12) _ n定居；解决_ v定居；解决_ n定居者2.高频短语(1) _加速(2) _看不见(3) _立刻，马上(4) _提醒某人某事(5)
2、_ (困境后)恢复；完全复原(6) put on _ (7) suffer from _ (8) take up _ 3.重点句型1. However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached_ because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.然而，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于太多的客车朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。2_，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。3. “Put on this mas
3、k,” he advised, “Itll _.” “把这个面罩带上，”他告诉我，“它会使你感觉好些。”4Sue_ in her bedroom.苏不敢在她的卧室里睡觉。5_ typists working on a typewriter or computer！_ postage or postcodes! 再也不需要打字员在打字机或电脑上工作了， 再也不需要邮费和邮政编码了。II. 考点精析及演练1. lack vi.& vt.缺乏；没有；n.缺乏；短缺的东西lacking adj. 缺乏；没有；匮乏；不足 【同义表达】lack，be lacking in，be short of【常见短语
4、】 (a) lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金钱/技能 for/through lack of因缺少no lack of 充足的be lacking in.在方面缺乏lack for sth.缺少某物【用法检测】(1)He lacks confidence._. (用lacking改写句子)(2)More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities _ space.Ain search of Bin place ofCfor lack of Dfor fear of2. settle vt
5、. 使定居；使平静下来；安排；解决（问题等）；结束（争端、纠纷等） vi.安家，定居，停留；平静下来settlement定居，解决 settler定居者settled稳固的，固定的 unsettled不安的；无人居住的 【同义表达】settle，deal with, cope with, handle【常见短语】settle down定居，镇定下来settle in在定居；适应（新工作、环境、居所）settle up付清欠款settle upon一致同意【典例助记】Both wanted to settle their scores.双方都愿意捐弃前嫌。Ive settled that Ill
6、 drop medicine and take up physics. 我已决定放弃学医，开始学物理。Both wanted to settle their scores.双方都愿意捐弃前嫌。I settled for him.我替他付了款。【用法检测】Even an upright official finds it hard to_ a family quarrel.A. manage B. settle C. control D. deal3. sight n. 视力；景象；眼界；见解 vt. 看见；瞄准 vi. 瞄准；观看【近义表达】 “看”： look (at), see, watc
7、h, notice, view, observe, stare, glance 【常见短语】catch/gain/get sight of 发现，看出 lose sight of 看不见,忘记 at first sight乍看起来 at (the) sight of 一看见就be in sight 看得见，在眼前 out of sight, out of mind眼不见，心不烦。【用法检测】If you _ of Mary，ask her to come and see me.Alose sight of Bcatch sight ofCare in the sight of Dare at
8、the sight of4. consider vt.& vi. 考虑；认为；考虑到；细想【同义表达】 think about/over, takeinto account/consideration【常见用法】consider doing sth.考虑做consider sb./sth. to be / as认为某人/物是； 把某人/物当作consider +疑问词to do思量consider + wh-clause认为/考虑到all things considered 从各方面考虑起来，就各方面而言【用法检测】(1)All things_, we are doing quite well
9、.从各方面考虑，我们做得相当好。(2) They have been considering _ the problem. A. to work out B. work out C. working out D. worked out5. instant adj.立即的；立刻的；速食的；n.瞬间；片刻n. instance 实例，情况（for instance例如）【同义表达】 the instant，the moment，the minute，the second，immediately，directly【常见用法】in an instant立刻，马上at that instant当时，那一
10、刻for an instant片刻，一会儿instantly/the instant 一就（用作连词，引导时间状语从句）【用法检测】(1) He stayed at his friends _ (一会儿) and left there _ (马上)_ (一就)he got home，he closed the door and was lost in thought.(2)Much to my surprise，she _ tears _ she read the letter.Aburst out；instant Bburst into；the instantCburst out；insta
11、ntly Dburst into；instant6. take up拿起；开始从事；继续；占用【短语集锦】take常见短语take charge of负责，接管 take in吸收，理解，欺骗take on承担；呈现；雇用；流行；具有 take over接管；接收take down记下；拿下；拆下；病倒 take off 脱掉；起飞；成功【用法检测】(1)Johns brother has determined to _ farming when he graduates from university，which dissatisfies his parents.Apick up Bset
12、up Ctake up Dgive up(2)Some insects _ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.Atake in Btake off Ctake on Dtake outIII. 语法 过去分词作状语【品句归纳】(1)Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.(2)Well-known for their expertise, his parents company .(3)Confused by the new s
13、urroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.(4)Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep.过去分词作状语时，表明动作发生的背景或情况，在意义上相当于一个_从句，其省略的主语（逻辑主语）是_的主语，且与主语之间存在_关系。过去分词作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步等。过去分词的否定式是将not放在其_(前/后)。注意：vt 过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成；vi 过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。【具体用法】1. 作原因状语，等于as / since /
14、because 引导从句。如：Moved by what she said , we couldnt help crying. = As we are moved by what she said 2. 作时间状语，等于when 引导时间状语从句，如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/ while / until 等使时间意义更明确。如：Askedwhathadhappened,hisfaceturnedred.= When he was asked what had happened 3. 作条件状语等于 if / whether 引导从句。如：Given more
15、attention, the trees could have grown better. = If they have been given more attention .4. 作方式或伴随状语，可改写为并列句。如：She sat by the window, lost in thought.=She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought.5. 作让步状语,相当于以though/although引导的让步状语从句。如：Much tired, he still kept on working.Although he was much t
16、ired, he .特殊用法独立主格结构：当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。如：The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat.（cover的主语是his face，不是the boy）All things considered, your article is of great value.（consider的逻辑主语不是your article，而是all things，分词与逻辑主语构成被动关系）【用法检测】找出下列句子的错误之处并加以
17、改正。(1) I sat until after eleven, being absorbed in a book._(2) He guided us through the narrow streets to the central mosque, we learned a lot._(3) Crossing the road, a car knocked him down._IV. 单元话题作文将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。提示：粗体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用find宾语宾补等结构。1前几年我从事了不同的工作。2为了做好工作，我要不断地作出调整。3我努力给大家留下好印象。4可是我发现难
18、以忍受那些环境， 然后就没有动力干下去了。5从现在起，我将调整心态然后乐观地工作和生活。_参考答案I. 单元基础知识1. 核心单词1. (1) 时常发生的；连续不断的(2) 乐观(主义)的(3)回收利用(4)贪贪婪的；贪心的 (5)调整；调节 (6)巨大的；庞大的 (7)筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的 (8) motivation (9) tolerate (10) efficiency; efficient (11) surroundings; surrounding; surround (12) settlement; settle; settle2.高频短语(1) speed up (2) lo
19、se sight of. (3) in no time (4) remind sb. of (5) be back on ones feet (6) 穿上，增加，上演，播放 (7) 遭受，患病；受之苦 (8) 拿起；接受；开始；继续 3.重点句型(1) what looked like a large market (2) Exhausted (3) make you feel much better(4) dared not sleep (5) No more; No moreII. 考点精析及演练1. (1) He is lacking in confidence. (2) C 考查短语介
20、词辨析。句意：由于缺乏空间，在大城市里已经建起了越来越多的高层建筑。in search of寻找，搜寻；in place of 代替；for lack of由于缺乏；for fear of由于害怕。2. B 考查动词用法辨析。句意：清官难断家务事。manage设法完成某事；settle解决；control控制；deal处理，交易，份量。deal意义上符合，但用法上需加with。3. B 根据句意，此处表示“看见”，强调的是动作，因此用catch sight of。4. (1) considered (2) C 考查consider的用法，根据work out表达，可知应考查consider d
21、oing结构。特别提醒，consider后不能直接跟动词不定式。5. (1) for an instant in an instant The instant/Instantly (2) B burst into接名词；burst out接ving形式；the instant/instantly接从句，表示“一就”。6. (1) C 考查短语动词辨析。pick up “捡起；接人；学会”；set up“建立”；take up“从事；开始”；give up“放弃”。从句子的意思判断“毕业后从事农业”得出答案为take up。(2) C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些昆虫呈现它们周围环境的颜色来保护
22、自己。take in吸收，收留，欺骗；take off脱下，起飞，腾飞；take on呈现；take out拿出。根据句意选择C。III. 语法过去分词作状语【品句归纳】状语; 主句; 被动; 前【用法检测】 (1) 去掉being (2) guidedguiding (3)Crossing改为He crossing/When he was crossing;或a car knocked him down改为he was knocked down by a car.IV. 单元话题作文I took up different jobs in the previous years. In order to do my work well, I had to constantly make adjustments. I tried to leave good impressions but often I found the surroundings hard to tolerate and then I lacked motivation for them. From now on，I will adjust my attitude of mind and be optimistic about work and life.
