1、Unit 1Using Language. 单词拼写1. My job is somewhere between a secretary and a personal assistant(助手). 2. She could trace (追踪)her family tree back to the 16th century. 3. Stephen Hawking was known as an outstanding (突出的)physicist. 4. We may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is abstract(抽象的). 5.
2、 It was a difficult concept(概念) to grasp, but I soon understood it. 6. Its hoped that the telescope (望远镜) will enable scientists to see deeper into the universe than ever before. 7. Never expect him to come up with a brilliant (绝妙的) idea. 8. The task is urgent; besides/furthermore(而且), theres not mu
3、ch time. 9. My father was very upset. He thought it was his fault (过失). 10. She tried to shift (转移)her weight from one foot to the other. . 选词填空in charge of, come down, above all, break out, switch. . . to, focus on, be familiar with, take on, trace back to, dream of1. The Chinese people celebrate t
4、he activity of the Labor Day and can trace back to 1918. 2. No other organisation was able or willing to take on the job. 3. The talks will focus on economic development of the region. 4. A fire broke out last night, which caused a lot of damage. 5. Above all, I have learned that smile is the key to
5、 solving any problem. 6. She switched from full-time work to part-time work after her child was born. 7. The teacher, who has taught for over 30 years, is in charge of the school work. 8. He came down with a severe disease because he was infected with the virus. 9. He is familiar with the telescope
6、which he has used many times. 10. The assistant dreamed of being a professor in this famous university. . 完成句子1. There is no doubt that private cars will have a great impact on the economic growth. 毫无疑问, 私家车对经济的增长起到很大的作用。(have an impact on)2. For one thing, it not only helps to build up our physical
7、 health, but also helps us learn more efficiently in turn. 一方面, 它不仅有助于我们强身健体, 而且反过来有助于我们更高效地学习。(not only. . . but also )3. While walking alone on the street, I heard my name called. 我独自走在街上时, 听到有人叫我的名字。(状语从句的省略)4. Compared with the size of the earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. 与整个地球
8、相比, 最大的海洋似乎一点也不大。(过去分词作状语)5. Once the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. 一旦受损, 农田需要很多年才能恢复。6. You should be more guarded in what you say to reporters. 你对记者说话应更谨慎些。. 阅读理解A(2021银川高二检测)For decades, China had wanted a Nobel Prize in science. Tu Youyou, a researcher who
9、helped to develop a malaria medicine, finally won for the country that honor. In fact, Tu is not the only scientist in China who is catching the worlds attention. In 2016, the Nature journal published a list of the top 10 science stars in China. Gao Caixia and Cui Weicheng are two of them. Gao Caixi
10、a has been devoted to genetic engineering for her whole career. She is known for using CRISPR-Cas9, the revolutionary gene-editing technique that is sweeping through biology labs around the world in crops. At first, Gao was unwilling to take up gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 because her lab at the C
11、hinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology in Beijing had already created mutations(变异)in 82 genes using an older type of technology. But after thinking carefully about it, she decided to give it a try. After a year of hard work, her lab finally succeeded. Gao worked
12、on genetic engineering in wheat, a crop that is famous for being difficult to work with. Now she is considered one of the best in the world at engineering wheat. Cui Weicheng is the developer of Chinas record-setting Jiaolong submersible(潜水器). He is now a professor at West Lake University. In 2012,
13、Cui rode inside Chinas Jiaolong submersible and reached a depth of more than 7, 000 meters in the pacific. Thanks to Jiaolong and the 57-year-old developer, China is now one of only a few nations that can explore the deep-sea. Jiaolong can travel deeper than any other manned research submersible cur
14、rently in use, which shows Chinas increasing ambition and leadership in deep-sea research. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了自然杂志发布了中国十大科学明星名单。高彩霞和崔维成就是其中的两位。1. Why is Tu Youyou mentioned at the beginning of the passage? A. To show one of Chinas long-held dreams. B. To stress the importance of the Nobel Prize. C.
15、 To praise Tu Youyou for her contributions. D. To introduce more top Chinese scientists. 【解析】选D。 细节理解题。本段引用屠呦呦的目的是引出另外的中国科学家。D项“为了介绍更多中国顶尖科学家”为正确答案。故答案为D。2. Why did Gao Caixia work on wheat? A. Because she failed in her attempt to study other crops. B. Because she was expert at wheat engineering. C.
16、 Because wheat is hard to be genetically engineered. D. Because wheat is the most widely planted crop in China. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知起初, 高不愿意使用CRISPR-Cas9进行基因编辑, 因为她所在实验室中国科学院遗传学和发育生物学研究所已经使用一个旧的技术创建82个基因突变。但仔细考虑之后, 她决定试一试。C项“因为小麦很难被基因改造”为正确选项。故答案为C。3. What is Cui Weichengs biggest contribution to
17、China? A. He teaches about sea at a university. B. He developed Jiaolong submersible. C. He is devoted to genetic engineering. D. He reached the bottom of the ocean. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Cui Weicheng is the developer of Chinas record-setting Jiaolong submersible”以及最后一段崔维成的发明对中国的影响来看, B项“他研制了蛟龙潜水器”为正
18、确答案。故答案为B。4. What is the best title for the passage? A. Chinas Science StarsB. Chinas Nobel Prize DreamC. Gao Caixia-Chinas Crop EngineerD. Cui Weicheng-Chinas Deep Diver【解析】选A。标题归纳题。本文讲述了中国高彩霞和崔维成两位科学家及其成就。故A项“中国的科学明星”为正确答案。 B项: 中国的诺贝尔奖梦(主题扩大); C项: 高彩霞中国的农作物工程师 (以偏概全); D项: 崔维成中国的深水潜水员(以偏概全)。故答案为A。B
19、(2021邯郸高二检测)Women have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times. Dozens of women have won the Nobel Prize in science, one of the highest honors in the world. Some women scientists never married, some worked with their husbands, and others raised large families. It has been difficult fo
20、r women to be successful scientists. In the early 1800s in England, Mary Anning became one of the first women recognized for her discoveries about the ancient history of the earth. Mary and her father collected fossils(化石)in their village on the south coast of Great Britain. Fossils are parts of pla
21、nts or animals that have been saved in rocks for millions of years. When she was only twelve years old, Mary became the first person to find the almost complete skeletons (骨架)of several animals that no longer existed on earth. She didnt become famous for her discoveries at that time because she ofte
22、n sold her fossils to get money to support her family. In 1891, a young Polish woman named Marie Sklodowska traveled to Paris to study physics. She did so because she could not get a college education in Poland. She began working in the laboratory of a man named Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre Curie
23、got married and made many discoveries together. They received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 along with another scientist. Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize in 1911, this time in Chemistry. Marie Curie was one of the few women at the time that became famous a
24、s a scientist. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了以Mary Anning和Marie Curie为代表的女性科学家的故事。5. What does the author think of women scientists according to Paragraph 1? A. They go through difficulties to be successful. B. They cannot get the highest honors in the world. C. They had better pay more attention to their f
25、amilies. D. They have more opportunities to become successful. 【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists. ”可知, 在作者看来, 女性成为成功的科学家是很难的。故选A项。6. Why did Mary fail to be famous for her discoveries of fossils? A. She didnt want to be known to anyone. B. They wer
26、ent worth studying. C. Nobody recognized them. D. She sold them for money. 【解析】选D。 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知, 她当时并没有因为发现化石而出名是因为她经常卖掉化石来赚钱养家。故选D项。7. What can we know about Marie Curie? A. She finished her college education in Poland. B. She was the first woman to win two Nobel Prizes. C. She won the first
27、 Nobel Prize before getting married. D. She and her husband won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第四段倒数第二、三句可知, 1903年, 居里夫妇和另一位科学家一起获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。1911年, 居里夫人成为第一个获得第二个诺贝尔奖的人, 这次是在化学领域。因此可知, 她是第一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的女性。故选B项。8. Whats the text mainly about? A. Ancient discoveries of scientists. B. Some
28、stories of women scientists. C. Successful marriages of women scientists. D. Some women scientists winning the Nobel Prize. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章为总分结构, 第一段提及了本文的中心话题。文章主要讲述了女性科学家的故事。故选B项。CStephen Hawking was regarded as one of the most brilliant physicists in history. His work on the origins and structure
29、 of the universe, from the Big Bang to black holes, changed the field greatly. His best-selling books also appealed to a number of readers. Stephen Hawking had a challenging life. He was born in England on Jan. 8, 1942300 years to the day after the death of the astronomer Galileo Galilei. He attende
30、d University College, Oxford, where he studied physics, despite his fathers urging to focus on medicine. Hawking went on to Cambridge to research cosmology. In early 1963, just before his 21st birthday, Hawking suffered from a serious disease, more commonly known as Lou Gehrigs disease. He was not e
31、xpected to live more than two years. Completing his doctors degree did not appear likely. Yet, Hawking had overcome the great difficulty, not only attaining his Ph. D. but also building new roads into the understanding of the universe in the decades since. Hawking continued at Cambridge after his gr
32、aduation, serving as a research fellow and later as a professional fellow. In 1974, he was inducted(正式就职)into the Royal Society, a worldwide fellowship of scientists. In 1979, he was appointed Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge, the most famous academic chair in the world. As the disease
33、 spread, Hawking became less mobile and began using a wheelchair. Talking grew more challenging and, in 1985, an emergency tracheotomy(气管切开术)caused his total loss of speech. A speech-generating device was constructed at Cambridge, combined with a software program, serving as his electronic voice and
34、 allowing Hawking to select his words by moving the muscles in his cheek. Hawking died on March 14, 2018. 【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了杰出的物理学家霍金以及他的一些事情。9. What greatly influenced the field Stephen Hawking studied? A. Stephen Hawkings best-selling books. B. His research on the Big Bang and black holes. C. S
35、tephen Hawkings talent. D. The origins and structure of the universe. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知他对宇宙起源和结构的研究, 从大爆炸到黑洞, 极大地改变了这个领域。由此可推知, 斯蒂芬霍金对大爆炸和黑洞的研究极大地影响了研究的这个领域。故选B。10. What does the underlined word “cosmology” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. A study about universe. B. A subject of medicine. C. A research
36、 on time. D. A project in Cambridge. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句可知他对宇宙起源和结构的研究, 从大爆炸到黑洞, 极大地改变了这个领域。由此可知画线词的意思是“对宇宙的研究”。故选A。11. What happened to Stephen Hawking in early 1963? A. He became world famous. B. He achieved his doctors degree. C. He was badly affected by a serious disease. D. He built new roads
37、 into the understanding of the universe. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知1963年初, 就在霍金21岁生日前夕, 他患上了一种严重的疾病, 即众所周知的卢伽雷氏症。故选C。12. How did Stephen Hawking express himself finally? A. By using body language. B. With the help of an operation. C. By using a speech-generating device. D. With the help of some people.
38、 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中A speech-generating device was constructed at Cambridge, combined with a software program, serving as his electronic voice and allowing Hawking to select his words by moving the muscles in his cheek. 可知, 斯蒂芬霍金最后通过使用语音产生装置来表达。故选C。. 语法填空Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China
39、, but it has the power to cure the deadly disease 1(call) malaria(疟疾). Tu Youyou 2(be)the woman who uses the plants special power to save millions of lives. The Chinese scientist won a Nobel Prize because of her great contribution. On October 5th, Tu 3 (award) the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or M
40、edicine. She shared the prize with two other scientists from the US and Japan. Tu is the first native Chinese person 4(receive)a Nobel Prize in natural science. Tu was modest about receiving the award, “Its a success of the whole research team. ”She also think 5 is scientists duty to fight for the h
41、ealth of all humans. When Tu joined the national research team to find the medicine 6 could fight against malaria in the 1960s and 1970s, things were hard. The team didnt have advanced equipment then. Tu used to test medicines by eating them herself. Her team searched old medicine books at hand and
42、tested over 2, 000 traditional 7(recipe). Finally, Tu found artemisinin(青蒿素)in sweet wormwood in 1971. She spent the next decades 8(try) to improve the medicine. According to World Health Organization, about 200 million people suffer 9 malaria around the world, and about half a million die each year
43、. Artemisinin is still the most 10(effect)treatment against malaria known today in the world. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。屠呦呦是中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家, 她带领她的团队发现了青蒿素, 从而挽救了数百万人的生命。1. 【解析】called。考查非谓语动词。分析可知disease 和call之间是被动关系, 故填called。2. 【解析】is。考查时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的“who uses the plants special power”可知, 该句应用一般现在时。又因主语为 Tu
44、Youyou, 所以谓语动词用单数。故填is。3. 【解析】was awarded。考查时态和语态。根据句中时间状语“On October 5th”可知, 用一般过去时。主语Tu与动词award之间为被动关系, 所以用被动语态。故填was awarded。4. 【解析】to receive。考查动词不定式。当名词前有序数词修饰时, 要用动词不定式作后置定语。根据该句中的“the first native Chinese person”可以判断, 该句应用动词不定式作 person的后置定语。故填to receive。5. 【解析】it。考查it的用法。分析该句结构可知, 动词不定式短语“to
45、fight for the health of all humans”作真正的主语, it作形式主语。故填it。6. 【解析】which /that。考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知, 该句为定语从句, 先行词为 medicine, 设空处在从句中作主语, 指物, 所以用 which或that引导该定语从句。故填which /that。7. 【解析】recipes。考查名词的数。名词recipe为可数名词, 根据前面的数词2, 000可知, 用复数形式。故填recipes。8. 【解析】trying。考查非谓语动词。 spend time doing sth. 为固定搭配, 意为“花费时间做某事
46、”, 所以用v. -ing形式。故填trying。9. 【解析】from。考查介词。句意: 根据世界卫生组织的数据, 全世界大约有2亿人患有疟疾, 每年大约有50万人死于疟疾。 suffer from为固定搭配, 意为“(因疾病、痛苦等)受折磨”。故填from。10. 【解析】effective。考查形容词。句意: 青蒿素仍然是当今世界已知的最有效的治疗疟疾的药物。根据定冠词the, 并结合句意可知, 这里用形容词形式。故填effective。. 应用文写作(2021台州高二检测)假定你是李华, 你的英国朋友Jim发邮件询问你敬佩的科学家。请你回复邮件, 内容包括: 1. 人物简介; 2. 敬
47、佩的原因。注意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。_Dear Jim, In response to your letter inquiring about the scientists I admire, Im more than delighted to brief you on the one I respect most - Zhong Nanshan. Born in Nanjing in October 1936, Zhong Nanshan is a leading model of society as well as an academic ack
48、nowledged universally. Without his exquisite medical skills and dogged persistence, China couldnt have made groundbreaking achievements in the battle against the deadly COVID-19. Such is Zhong Nanshan, who is definitely worthy of my heartfelt admiration and respect. How about yours? Looking forward
49、to your reply. Yours, Li Hua(2021温州高二检测)假定你是李华, 你想写封邮件邀请你校留学生Robert 和你们全班同学在周六一起去Green Village感受美丽乡村。请根据以下内容完成这封邮件: 1. 乡村介绍; 2. 活动安排; 3. 往返时间、方式。注意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。Dear Robert, _Yours sincerely, Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Robert, Im Li Hua. Im writing to invite you to visit Green Village, a ch
50、arming village in this area. Heres a look at it. Green Village, whose villagers are friendly, is surrounded by green fields and thick forests. Were going to spend two hours exploring the local museum to learn about the long history of the village. After that, we shall travel through the village by ourselves. We plan to meet at the school gate at 9 a. m. this Saturday and come back in the afternoon by bus. If you will join, please email me soon. Yours, Li Hua
