1、一、现在进行时现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在发生或进行的动作。常见的标志词有now, at the moment（此刻），look, listen等。其构成为“am / is/ are+动词-ing形式”。例句：Dont make loud noise. The children are having an English lesson. 不要弄出这么大响声，孩子们正在上英语课。Listen! She is singing an English song. 听！她正在唱英文歌。一些表示位置移动的动词，如go, come, leave, arrive等，常用现在进行时表示将来。例句：He is
2、leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 明天他将前往上海。下列动词通常不用于现在进行时：1.表示感觉、情感、心理活动的动词，如see, hear, smell, taste, notice, seem, hate, like, love, want, wish等。2.表示所有或占有关系的动词，如have, own, belong等。3.表示记忆、理解、相信、知道或决定的动词，如forget, remember, understand, believe, know, decide等。二、现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果。其结构为“have / h
3、as +过去分词”。用法示例表示到现在为止已经发生的动作或状态，句中常用already, just或yet。They have already cleaned the classroom. 他们已经打扫了教室。表示到现在为止曾经或从来没有发生过的动作或状态，句中常用ever或never。I have ever been to that country. 我曾去过那个国家。表示到目前为止某一动作已经发生了若干次，句中常用once, twice, times等。So far, I have seen the film twice. 到目前为止，这部电影我已经看了两遍了。表示一段时间以来某一动作或状
4、态一直发生，句中常用since或for。注意此时动词为延续性动词。I have lived here for more than twenty years. 我住在这儿二十多年了。三、被动语态被动语态是由“be动词+（及物动词的）过去分词”构成。主动语态变被动语态时，be动词的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态一致。类型结构示例一般现在时的被动语态am / is / are+过去分词English isnt spoken by people here. 这里的人不说英语。一般过去时的被动语态was / were +过去分词This book was written by Lu Xun. 这本书是鲁迅写
5、的。一般将来时的被动语态will / shall be +过去分词Lei Feng will be remembered by us forever.雷锋将永远被我们铭记。过去将来时的被动语态would+be+过去分词He said that his homework would be finished soon. 他说他的作业快做完了。现在进行时的被动语态am / is / are + being +过去分词Many trees are being cut down now. 现在许多树正在被砍伐。现在完成时的被动语态have / has been +过去分词Man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 人造卫星已经被许多国家发射到太空中去了。含情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+过去分词All the exercises must be finished before school is over. 所有的习题必须在放学前做完。
