1、2015四川省岳池县高考英语阅读理解九月练习（4）及答案阅读理解-人物传记类-(2013山东)阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。George Gershwin，born in 1898，was one of Americas greatest composers.He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.Many of Gershwins song
2、s were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City.These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s.Many of his songs have remained popular as ever.Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible wayfrom jazz to country.In the 1920s t
3、here was a debate in the United States about jazz music.Could jazz，some people asked，be considered serious music? In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music.Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert be
4、fore he realized he had just a few weeks to do it.And in that short time，he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue.Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert.The audience were thrilled when they heard his music.It made him worldfamous and showed that jazz mus
5、ic could be both serious and popular.In 1928，Gershwin went to Paris.He applied to study composition (作曲)with the wellknown musician Nadia Boulanger，but she rejected him.She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazzinfluenced style.While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.When it was
6、 first performed，critics (评论家)were divided over the music.Some called it happy and full of life，to others it was stilly and boring.But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.George Gershwin died in 1937，just days after doctors learned
7、he had brain cancer.He was only thirtynine years old.Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.People mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written.【语篇解读】 本文讲述了George Gershwin 一位伟大的音乐家的一生，对音乐界及世界的影响。 1Many of Gershwins musical works were_.Awrit
8、ten about New YorkersBcomposed for Paul WhitemanCplayed mainly in the countrysideDperformed in various ways解析细节理解题。根据原文第二段末Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible wayfrom jazz to country.其中“they”指代Gershwins musical works，“in every possible way ”与 various ways属于同义替换，所以选D。答案D 。
9、2What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman?AIt attracted more people to theatres.BIt proved jazz could be serious music.CIt made Gershwin leader of the orchestra.DIt caused a debate among jazz musicians.解析细节理解题。根据原文第三段中In 1924, jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided t
10、o organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music .其中“show that jazz was serious music”和B选项是表达的一个意思，所以选B。答案B.3What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris?AHe created one of his best works.BHe studied with Nadia Boulanger.CHe argued with French critics.DHe changed his music style.解析细
11、节理解题。根据原文第四段中“It still remains one of his most famous works.”其中it指的就是An American in Paris，“one of his most famous works.”即A选项中的 one of his best works。答案A.4What do we learn from the last paragraph?AMany of Gershwins works were lost.BThe death of Gershwin was widely reported.CA concert was held in mem
12、ory of Gershwin.DBrain cancer research started after Gershwins death.解析推理判断题。根据原文最后一段，“Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.”即说明了B选项“The death of Gershwin was widely reported.”故B正确。其它选项均没有涉及。答案B.5Which of the following best describes Gershwin?ATalented and productive
13、. BSerious and boring.CPopular and unhappy. DFriendly and honest.解析主旨大意题。从全文看，这个人不可能用boring这样感情色彩负面的词来形容，故B错误；文中提到他popular，但没有说他unhappy，故C错误；friendly和honest在文中没有具体体现，没有根据，故D错误；A选项中talented有天分的，productive多产的，准确地描述了Gershwin作为一个作曲家所具备的素质。答案A.阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。 A
14、rthur Miller (1915-2005) is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Millers father had moved to the USA from Austria HungaryDrawn like so many other by the “Great American Dream” However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruin
15、ed in the Great Depression of the early l930s. Milless most famous play, Death of a Salesman, is a powerful attack on the American system. With its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a ma
16、n who has got into double with his worth. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment: if he cant do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as to what to do with his la
17、ck of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end. When it was first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews, and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It was the
18、 first play to win all three of these major awards. Miller died of the failure at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut, on the evening of February 10, 2005, the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.( ) 1. Why did Arthur Millers father move to the USA?A. He suffere
19、d from severe hunger in his home country.B. He was attracted by the Great American Dream.C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist.D. His family business failed.( ) 2. The play Death of a SalesmanA. exposes the cruelty of the American business worldB. discusses the ways to get promoted in a companyC.
20、talks about the business career of Arthur MillerD. focuses on the skills in doing business( ) 3. What can we learn about Willy Loman?A. He treats his employer badly.B. He runs the Wagner Company.C. He is a victim of the American system.D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.( ) 4. After it wa
21、s first staged, Death of a SalesmanA. achieved huge successB. won the first Tony AwardC. was warmly welcomed by salesmenD. was severely attacked by dramatists( ) 5. What is the text mainly about?A. Arthur Miller and his family.B. The awards Arthur Miller won.C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced
22、.D. Arthur Miller and his best-known play.【文章大意】文章介绍了剧作家Arthur Miller和他最有名的作品Death of a Salesman推销员之死。1.答案B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的Millers father had moved to the USA from Austria HungaryDrawn like so many other by the“Great American Dream”可以得出答案。5.答案D。主旨大意题。文章介绍了剧作家Arthur Miller和他最有名的作品Death of a Salesman推销
23、员之死。ABorn in a fishing village in Japan, Fujiyama, 25, recalls a childhood dominated by health concerns. Doctors told his parents that he had a hole in his heart and “they didnt think I had a lot longer to live”. But during a later visit to the doctor, his family learned the hole had closed. “Someho
24、w I was cured and I became a normal kid,” Fujiyama says. “And I had a second chance.”During his second year at the University of Mary Washington, he volunteered in Honduras with a campus group and was struck by the extreme poverty he sawbarefoot children collecting cans and sleeping in the streets.
25、Fujiyama realized he could help give other children their own second chance.Today, his organization, Students Helping Honduras, brings education and community projects to children and families in need.He started by telling his friends about his experience and collecting spare change at his two campu
26、s jobs. “When I had my very first meeting, only two people showed up,” he says. “I knew I had to keep fighting.” He persuaded his younger sister, Cosmo, to join the cause. “Shes dynamite,.” He says. “When she talks in front of a crowd, she can move mountains. Knowing that she was behind it, I knew I
27、 could do anything.” Since 2006, the siblings organization has grown to 25 campuses and raised more than $750,000 to fund projects, including the construction of two schools and the establishment of scholarships to help young women attend college.Fujiyama says students are deeply committed to the or
28、ganization. They raise money and then travel to Honduras to help building houses. While Fujiyama spends his summers in Honduras working alongside volunteers, he spends a large portion of the year on the road visiting colleges to raise funds. Cosmo Fujiyama, 23, lives in Honduras full time to coordin
29、ate（协调）the groups building efforts on the ground.Students Helping Honduras is working with community members of Siete de Abril to build a new village. Many of the families lost their belongings in Hurricane Mitch in 1998. A lot of them didnt have access to clean water or health care, and they didnt
30、have a school. Fujiyamas group helped build 44 homes in the village named “Sunshine Village”. The organization is also raising funds to build a water tower, an eco-friendly sanitation system and a library.1. At the beginning of his organization, _. A. Fujiyama was supported by many friends B. things
31、 didnt go on smoothlyC. Fujiyama had little idea of Honduras D. many famous people joined in2. We can infer that Fujiyama is a _ man. A. diligent B. mean C. sympathetic D. cheerful3. The underlined word “siblings ” can be replaced by _. A. brothers B. brother and sisters C. friends D. couples4. Whic
32、h of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Help the people in needB. Students lend a hand in AmericaC. Fujiyama helps build “Sunshine Village”D. Fujiyama gives poor people in Honduras a second chance【参考答案】14、BCBD 阅读理解-BA new report says only about half of all students in the main schoo
33、l systems of Americas largest cities finish high school. The report notes higher rates of graduation over 70% in areas surrounding the cities. Researchers studied high school graduation rates from the 2003, 2004 school year. They also identified the nations fifty largest cities. The largest, New Yor
34、k City, had a population of more than eight million. The smallest city was Wichita, Kansas. It had about three hundred and sixty thousand people.Researchers used a system of measurement called the cumulative promotion index to find graduation rates. School officials in many of the cities studied sai
35、d the resulting numbers were too low. That is because different areas use different methods to find graduation rates. Critics say many methods do not give a true picture of the number of students who leave high school before finishing.Other studies have put the national graduation rate at about 70%.
36、 But experts agree that too many students are not completing high school. They estimate the number at more than one million each year. The report was prepared for Americas Promise Alliance. The private group aims to help children receive services they need to succeed.General Colin Powell was chairma
37、n of Americas Promise Alliance when it was formed in 1997. He attended the press conference Tuesday where the report was released. He said studies have shown that the US must do more to educate the leaders and work force of the future.Secretary of Education Margaret Spellings also spoke. She said th
38、e government will propose that states use the same methods when reporting graduation rates. Alliance officials also announced the start of a nationwide campaign to improve graduation rates. It is to include a series of meetings to be held in every state over the next two years. The meetings will bri
39、ng together elected leaders, business owners, students, parents and education officials. They will develop plans to increase the number of Americans who finish high school.5. The author wants to tell us _. A. too many Americans do not finish high schoolB. different methods to find graduation ratesC.
40、 services American children need to receiveD. the increase of the number of Americans who finish their high school6. From Paragraph 1 we can infer that _. A. there are 8,360,000 people in the US fifty largest citiesB. Wichita in Kansas is the smallest city in the USC. 50% of the people in the US don
41、t finish their high school educationD. high school graduation rates in or near the biggest cities are higher7. The underlined word “picture” probably can be replaced by “_”. A. situation B. scene C. image D. mood8. From the last paragraph, we can draw a conclusion that _-. A. secretary of Education
42、Margaret Spellings didnt believe that number from the reportB. the government will stop using the cumulative promotion index to find graduation ratesC. secretary of Education Margaret Spellings announced the start of a nationwide campaign to improve graduation ratesD. the low graduation rates should
43、 be paid attention to by the government and the society【参考答案】58、ADAD 阅读理解 In the United States, there were some well-constructed houses for native Indians, ranging from the simple brush shelter to the five-storied pueblo.In the eastern United States, one of the existing types was that commonly know
44、under the Algonkian name of wigwam in which the Iroquois Indians lived. The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends, made by bending young trees to form the round shape. Over this shape pieces of tree bark were laid to protect the Indians from bad weather. Over the bark dried gr
45、ass was added. A small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top. Doorways at each end served also as windows, The Iroquois Indians built trunk walls all around their villages. The wall had only one opening, They could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near.Interestingly, the Choctaw
46、Indians in Mississippi also lived in a wigwam of a most primitive(原始的) construction, but different from those of the Iroquois Indians. The Choctaw Indians wigwams, made from mud, cane and straw, were in the form of a bee-hive. The covering was made of a long, tough grass. A post in the centre suppor
47、ted the roof. A hole in the top admitted the light, and allowed the smoke to pass out.The tipi tent-housing of the upper lake and plains area was put up with poles set lightly in the ground, tied together near the top, and covered with bark and grass in the lake country. It was easily portable, and
48、two women could set it up or take it down within an hour.The Pawnee, Mandan and other Indian tribes (部落) along the Missouri built solid ring-shaped structures of trunk, covered with earth and dried grass, housing a dozen families.The Wichita and other tribes of the Texas border built large ring-shap
49、ed houses covered with dried grass. KS*5U.CApart from the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing.( ) 1.Which of the following pictures shows the house for the Iroquois Indians？( ) 2. According to the passage, the Pawnee Indians built their houses _.A. with openings in the trun
50、k walls B. large enough for several families C. in a ring shape with bark and mud D. by bending young trees to form the shape( ) 3. All the native Indian houses described in the passage were_. KS*5U.CA. of the same shape B. covered with grass C. built with a post in the centre D. built with doorways
51、 at each end ( ) 4. The passage suggests that _A. all the native Indians built trunk walls all around their houses B. all the native Indian houses were built with poles tied togetherC. the Iroquois Indians took safety into account while building their wigwams D. the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi bu
52、ilt their wigwams with straight sides and ends【语篇解读】本篇文章为记叙文。主要讲述了美国的土著居民印第安人的房屋结构和建房特点，展示了美国当地人的居住文化。72.答案A。【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends”可知，选项A符合题意。73.答案B。【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“The Pawnee, Mandan and other Indian tribes housing a dozen families”可知，应选B项。74.答案B。【解析】细节理解题。文章中出现的grass是Indian tribes建造房屋所必不可少的东西。由此可知，印第安人的屋子都用草盖着。由此可知B项正确75.答案C。KS*5U.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“They could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near”可以推断出the Iroquois Indians建造房屋的时候把自身的安全考虑在内了。因此可推断出C项。
