1、福建省福州市延安中学2021届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结東后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What time is it now?A. 4:45.B. 5:00.C. 5:15.2. Whom will the man probably give the
2、stamps to?A. The woman.B. The womans sister.C. The mans classmates.3. How many nights will the man stay in this hotel?A. 3.B. 4. C. 5.4. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a post office. B. In a hotel.C. In a bank.5. What does the man mean?A. He will go with them.B. He hates mountain climb
3、ing. C. He likes mountain climbing.第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How many times did the woman play the first song?A. Four times.B. Three times.C. Twice.7. What instrum
4、ent is the woman playing?A. The guitar. B. The violin.C. The piano.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. When will they go to the museum?A. At 3:30.B. At 4:00.C. At 4:15.9. How will the speakers go to the museum?A. On foot.B. By bike.C. By bus.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What does the man want to do?A. Attend a lecture.B. Giv
5、e a performance.C. Go to a concert.11. What is the problem with taking the bus?A. The bus doesnt stop at the Music Building.B. The man has to wait for the bus.C. The bus goes too slowly on the street.12. What does the man finally decide to do?A. Walk to the Music Building. B. Wait for the bus.C. Thi
6、nk of another plan.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What is the most important in learning English according to the man?A. Grammar.B. Pronunciation.C. Vocabulary.14. What does the man always carry with him?A. His videos.B. His e-dictionary. C. His grammar book.15. What is the mans attitude to his grammatical mi
7、stakes?A. He is afraid of them.B. He is ashamed of them.C. He doesnt worry about them.16. How does the man practice his pronunciation?A. He watches videos to learn how people speak.B. He speaks to other customers in a restaurant.C. He speaks with people on the street.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Which mont
8、h means different things for sports fans?A. October. B. September.C. August.18. When is the opening night of the National Basketball Association?A. October 31st.B. October 21st.C. August 27th.19. Where will the World Series of Little League Baseball be held?A. In New York City.B. In Pennsylvania.C.
9、In New York State.20. What do we know about “Take Me Out to the Ball Game”?A. It was written by a baseball fan.B. It was written for a baseball team.C. It was written over 100 years ago.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIf youve got a reliable Internet
10、 connection, smart lights are a cheap way to make your home very cool. Here are four of them.LIFXThe biggest feature: you dont need a separate hub to control your smart lights. They connect via Wi-Fi and you can stick the lights anywhere. The LEDS create up to 16 million colors and are programmable,
11、 so you can create custom lighting patterns through the smartphone app. You can also set up a lighting schedule and make changes with your voice through Amazon Alexa, Apple HomeKit, and Google Assistant. $70.SylvaniaThe Sylvania LED light strip(灯带) is Apple HomeKit-enabled, meaning you can change co
12、lors and settings with Apples smart voice assistant Siri or through the app. The only feature Sylvania does not include - one that LIFX does - is the ability for the lights to automatically rotate(转换) through colors. With these lights, you can only adjust brightness and change colors. $39.If you use
13、 an Android phone, make sure to get an Android version. It has the same functions but is also compatible(兼容的) with Amazon Alexa or Google Assistant. $52.EveThe Eve LEDS can be extended with additional strips and reach up to 32.8 feet. The LEDS produce a full range of whites and colors and are compat
14、ible with Apple HomeKit - therefore voice controlled with Siri. This setup requires no extra hub. The starter version is available for $80 and extension strips are available for $50.MingerMingers Wi-Fi connected strips of LEDS are 16.4-feet-long and can be controlled via the Govee app on your smartp
15、hone or with Amazon Alexa. The company doesnt recommend connecting multiple strips. $29.1. How is LIFX different from Sylvania?A. It is voice controlled.B. It is intended for Android phone users.C. The brightness of its lights can be adjusted.D. The colors of its lights can change automatically.2. I
16、f someone has a budget of $30, which of the following can they buy?A. LIFX.B. Sylvania.C. Eve.D. Minger.3. What do the four lights have in common?A. They are powered by the sun.B. They an be extended with additional strips.C. They work well with smart home assistants.D. They are developed by smartph
17、one companies.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四款可以和互联网连接的灯。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Sylvania部分第二句“The only feature Sylvania does not include - one that LIFX does - is the ability for the lights to automatically rotate(转换) through colors.”（Sylvania唯一没有提供的功能这是LIFX提供的是灯光自动切换颜色。）可知，LIFX和Sylvania的不同在于它的灯光颜色可
18、以自动改变。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Minger部分最后一句“$29.”（29美元）可知，30元的预算可以购买Minger。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据LIFX部分倒第二句“You can also set up a lighting schedule and make changes with your voice through Amazon Alexa, Apple HomeKit, and Google Assistant.”（你还可以通过亚马逊Alexa、苹果HomeKit和谷歌Assistant来设置照明计划并改变你的声音），Sylvania部分第一句“The
19、Sylvania LED light strip(灯带) is Apple HomeKit-enabled, meaning you can change colors and settings with Apples smart voice assistant Siti or through the app.”（这款Sylvania的LED灯带支持苹果的homekit功能，这意味着你可以通过苹果的智能语音助手Siri或应用程序改变颜色和设置），Eve部分第二句“The LEDS produce a full range of whites and colors and are compati
20、ble with Apple HomeKit - therefore voice controlled with Siri.”（LEDS可以生产各种白色和颜色的产品，并与苹果HomeKit兼容，因此可以通过Siri进行语音控制）和Minger部分第一句“Mingers Wi-Fi connected strips of LEDS are 16. 4-feet-long and can be controlled via the Govee app on your smartphone or with Amazon Alexa. ”（连接Wi-Fi的led灯条有16.4英尺长，可以通过智能手机上
21、的Govee应用程序或亚马逊Alexa进行控制）可知，这四种灯的共同之处在于它们与智能家居助手配合得很好。故选C。BWhen my friend suggested going to the op shop (二手商店)，instantly I thought “I hope no one I know sees me”. It was the same when my cousin commented on my new furniture and Japanese, fine-bone-china bowls and asked where I got them. They were fr
22、om the local op shop but instead I said “from the antique shop”.Many people in my Greek-Cypriot community would look down on me if I said I shopped at the op shop. They may pity me, consider me poor, a failure. Immigrants sacrificed their families and homes for a better life. Buying a house and havi
23、ng enough money to live comfortably, to educate your children and see them also live comfortably, are a big part of the immigrant dream, But has this dream made us materialistic at the cost of our own planet?Our love for purchasing the latest trendy clothes or furniture, then donating them when we a
24、re tired of them has become normal. I was once like this. But after watching the documentary The True Cost I learned donated clothes that dont get sold are sent to developing nations, many of them ending up in landfills (垃圾填埋地). In addition, your new dress requires electricity and materials to make.
25、 But if you buy a second-hand dress, thats one less dress in a landfill and one less new dress to be made.A friend introduced me to op shopping only a few years ago. My first item was a dress she gifted me. It was lovely and I loved it. Nobody could tell it was second-hand. This opened me up to purc
26、hasing more second-hand high quality branded clothes. Once I visited a friend and was impressed by how she decorated her apartment. “Its all second-hand,” she said. I couldnt believe it. The truth is a lot of things sold at the op shop are in new or almost new condition. Thats when I made the decisi
27、on to only buy second-hand things.Selling second-hand things isnt anything new but what the planet needs is more buyers. There is so much excess (过量) production in the world. So stop feeling ashamed and lets get shopping.4. What kind of feeling is expressed in Paragraph 1?A. Pride.B. Embarrassment.C
28、. Delight.D. Sympathy.5. What are many people in the authors community like?A. They are probably materialistic.B. They care about the environment.C. They think highly of op shopping.D. They look down upon immigrants.6. What was the author encouraged to do after visiting her friends apartment?A. Watc
29、h the documentary The True Cost.B. Donate more to local charities.C. Avoid shopping too much.D. Stop buying new things.7. Whats the purpose of the text?A. To entertain.B. To advertise.C. To persuade.D. To describe.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在看了纪录片真实成本后，作者了解到捐赠的衣服没有卖出去就被送到了发展中国家，
30、其中很多最后都被填埋了。在看到朋友在二手商店购物，从而决心只买二手商品。作者在最后呼吁大家都去二手商店购物。【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“I hope no one I know sees me”（我希望没有我认识的人看见我）可知，对于去二手商店，作者的感觉是很尴尬的。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Many people in my Greek-Cypriot community would look down on me if I said I shopped at the op shop. ”（如果我说我在二手商店购物，在我的希族塞浦路斯社区的许多人会看不起我。
31、）和最后一句“But has this dream made us materialistic at the cost of our own planet?”（但是这个梦想是否让我们以牺牲我们自己的星球为代价而变得物质主义呢?）可知，“我”的社区里的人们可能非常追求物质。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据倒第二段最后一句“Thats when I made the decision to only buy second-hand things.”（就在那时，我决定只买二手的东西。）可知，在拜访了一位朋友之后，“我”决定只买二手的东西，不再买新的东西。故选D。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“ T
32、here is so much excess (过量) production in the world.So stop feeling ashamed, and lets get shopping.”（地球生产过剩。所以别再害羞了，我们去购物吧。）可知，这篇文章用自身经历来进行劝说，最后用祈使句来增强语气。故选C。CDyson, a company best known for its innovative(创新的) line of vacuums and fans, is apparently also interested in providing urbanites with a con
33、venient way to filter(过滤) air pollution. The company recently applied for a patent (专利) in the UK for a pair of headphones that takes in polluted air through ear cups and directs the filtered product to an integrated mouthpiece. Dysons engineers behind the invention describe it as a more convenient
34、alternative to traditional face masks.“In locations with particularly high levels of air pollution, many people have recognized the benefits of reducing their exposure to these pollutants and have therefore taken to wearing face masks with the aim of filtering out at least a portion of the pollutant
35、s present in the air before it reaches the mouth and nose,” the inventors write in the invention summary. “However, as these face masks typically cover at least the users mouth and nose, they can make normal breathing more laborious.”So how does Dyson imagine this equipment working? As you might hav
36、e guessed for a company that specializes in innovative ways to move air, the ear cups contain small fans that spin at 12, 000 rotations per minute. This provides enough suction(抽吸) to draw in about 1.4 liters of air per second. The air is then filtered to remove pollutants and pushed to a partially-
37、transparent mouthpiece at the front of the user. As a way to reduce the noise of the fans, the headphones also include adaptive noise canceling with an integrated microphone and speakers.While its unknown whether this patent will ever develop into an actual product, its unfortunately something that
38、many people could use. In its “state of Global Air 2019” report, the non-profit Health Effects Institute ( HEI) listed air pollution as the fifth leading cause for death worldwide, ahead of malnutrition, alcohol use, and physical inactivity.So are Dysons air-purifying headphones straight out of some
39、 dystopian(反乌托邦的) science fiction films? You bet. But its increasingly our reality that much of the world is living and breathing in cities where that unthinkable future is already playing out. Necessity in the face of such awful man-made pollution will eventually push something similar to market. W
40、hether humanity takes the hint(暗示) and does something to make them useless is sadly less certain.8. What is the disadvantage of tradition face masks according to Dysons engineers?A. They keep fresh air out.B. They need regular cleaning.C. They make breathing difficult.D. They take too long to filter
41、 the pollutants.9. Why is the HEIs report mentioned?A. To show the necessity of the new invention.B. To show its contribution to the new invention.C. To explain why people tend to go after new things.D. To explain why people worldwide have a shorter life.10. What does the author want to imply in the
42、 last paragraph?A. Air-purifying headphones are not new.B. Dysons invention will be of little use.C. Human action should come before the technology.D. Dysons engineers got inspiration from sci-fi films.11. What would be the best tile for the text?A. A pioneer of innovation is in a dilemma.B. Risks t
43、hat could lead to death are still rising.C. Air pollution is no longer an age-old problem.D. A high-tech product might be needed in smoke-choked cities.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。Dyson公司发明了一种高科技产品来防护空气污染。8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“However, as these face masks typically cover at least the us
44、ers mouth and nose, they can make normal breathing more laborious.”（然而，由于这些口罩通常至少遮住使用者的嘴和鼻子，它们会使正常呼吸更加费力。）可知，传统口罩的缺点是它们会使正常呼吸更加费力。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据倒第二段第二句中的“the non-profit Health Effects Institute ( HEI) listed air pollution as the fifth leading cause for death worldwide, ahead of malnutrition, alc
45、ohol use, and physical inactivity”（非营利组织健康影响研究所(HEI)将空气污染列为全球第五大致死原因，排在营养不良、酗酒和缺乏运动之前）可知，空气污染是全球第五大致死原因，因此这种口罩非常必要。所以提到这个报告是为了显示这个新发明的必要性。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Whether humanity takes the hint(暗示) and does something to make them useless is sadly less certain.”（可悲的是，人类是否接受了这个暗示，并做了一些事情让它们变得无用，还不
46、太确定。）可知，作者认为人们应该采取行动解决这些空气污染问题。故选C。【11题详解】标题判断题。根据第一段“ .is apparently also interested in providing urbanites with a convenient way to filter(过滤) air pollution. The company recently applied for a patent (专利) in the UK for a pair of headphones that takes in polluted air through ear cups and directs th
47、e filtered product to an integrated mouthpiece. ”（该公司显然也有意为城市居民提供一种过滤空气污染的便捷方法。该公司最近在英国申请了一项专利，一副耳机通过耳罩吸入污染空气，并将过滤后的产品导入集成式耳机。）可知，文章主要是讲一家公司发明了一种高科技产品来帮助城市居民防护空气污染。故选D。DFor a river that runs over 6.650 kilometres - snaking in and out of several countries all the way - governance of the Nile has alwa
48、ys been a difficult and politically tense goal. Over 230 million people live within the vast. Nile Basin, many of whom are heavily dependent on its waters, a resource(资源) made increasingly uncertain by growing numbers of dams and population growth, with the other influences of climate change coming
49、around the corner.A new suggestion may help with this uncertainty. The Nile Basin Initiative(NBI), a member organisation started in 1999 that brings together the ten nations whose territories overlap(重合) with the Nile Basin, is set to act on a decade-long plan known as the HydroMet, an all-round, ce
50、ntralised hydrological(水文的) monitoring system running the length of the river.According to its supporters, the system will be able to provide real-time data on the river flow, water of levels and water quality, through the setup of 53 hydrological monitoring stations over the next three years. On th
51、e whole, it aims to provide a fair division of water between the countries located within the Nile Basin and ensure long-term sustainability (可续性) of the rivers flow through the collection of accurate data.“Talk of cooperative data collection systems is not new,” explains Kevin Wheeler, from the Env
52、ironmental Change Institute at the University of Oxford. “The TECCONILE Initiative (Technical Cooperation Committee for the Promotion of the Development and Environmental Protection of the Nile Basin) started in 1993 and lasted for about ten years. A major focus of this initiative was improved data
53、collection, and was helpful in laying the groundwork for the NBI.”Unfortunately, this project lacked complete, regularly updated data sets covering the whole river, resulting in local water management decisions being made using conflicting information. It is this problem that the new system aims to
54、solve. “The need for improved and continuous monitoring is important for the future of the Nile,” Wheeler adds, “and I sincerely hope the new HydroMet effort open a new chapter in data collection and improved fact-based discussions over the cooperative management of the river.”12. What is the presen
55、t situation of the Nile?A. Its waterway is not working.B. Its water supply is not consistent.C. Its dependence on the dams is rising.D. Its water level is rising too fast.13. What is the NBIs new plan?A. To rebuild the Nile Basin.B. To activate a monitoring project.C. To found a member organisation.
56、D. To improve a previous monitoring system.14. What does Wheeler think of the TECCONILE Initiative?A. It has contributed to the NBI.B. It is still playing a major role.C. It became a quick success.D. It had a sound management system.15. What do Wheelers words in the last paragraph show?A. His predic
57、tion of the Niles future.B. His concern about the cooperation.C. His expectation of the HydroMet.D. His assessment of the new system.【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。尼罗河流域的许多国家严重依赖尼罗河的水资源，而大坝数量的增加和人口的增长，以及气候变化的其他影响，使这一资源变得越来越不确定，人们正在采取各种措施来解决这一问题。12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Nile Basin, many of w
58、hom are heavily dependent on its waters, a resource(资源) made increasingly uncertain by growing numbers of dams and population growth, with the other influences of climate change coming around the corner.”（尼罗河流域的许多国家严重依赖尼罗河的水资源，而大坝数量的增加和人口的增长，以及气候变化的其他影响，使这一资源变得越来越不确定。）可知，尼罗河的供水不稳定。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根
59、据第二段第二句“The Nile Basin Initiative(NBI), a member organisation started in 1999 that brings together the ten nations whose territories overlap(重合) with the Nile Basin, is set to act on a decade-long plan known as the HydroMet, an all-round, centralised hydrological(水文的) monitoring system running the l
60、ength of the river.”（尼罗河流域倡议(NBI)是一个成立于1999年的成员组织，它汇集了与尼罗河流域领土重叠的10个国家。该组织准备实施一项名为HydroMet的长达10年的计划，这是一个全面的、集中的、贯穿整个尼罗河的水文监测系统。）可知，NBI打算启动一个监测项目。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒第二段最后一句“The TECCONILE Initiative (Technical Cooperation Committee for the Promotion of the Development and Environmental Protection of
61、the Nile Basin) started in 1993 and lasted for about ten years. A major focus of this initiative was improved data collection, and was helpful in laying the groundwork for the NBI.”（TECCONILE倡议(促进尼罗河流域发展和环境保护技术合作委员会)于1993年开始，持续了大约十年。这项倡议的一个主要重点是改进数据收集，并有助于为NBI奠定基础。）可知，Wheeler认为TECCONILE倡议有助于NBI。故选A。
62、【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“and I sincerely hope the new HydroMet effort open a new chapter in data collection and improved fact-based discussions over the cooperative management of the river.”（我真诚地希望新的HydroMet努力在数据收集和改进基于事实的河流合作管理的讨论上开启新的篇章。）可知，最后一段中Wheeler的话显示了他对HydroMet的期待。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5
63、分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You may want to make sure you get the most out of your teenage years. Working hard as a teen can help you develop good habits you can carry into adulthood. There are a variety of ways you can upgrade your life as a teenager.Discover what inspires you. Passi
64、ons should make you feel excited. Considering what inspires you in your day-to-day life can help you identify passions. _16_ This may mean you have a passion for art or art history. Spend your time pouring your energies into your personal passions._17_ Its important to have goals as a teen, as these
65、 can help shape your adult life. Writing down a variety of goals for a given year, semester, or summer can help you upgrade your life.Specific and realistic goals work best. _18_ For example, maybe youre interested in animal welfare. A goal like, “I will avoid using products tested on animals,” is a
66、 more specific goal than, “I will do my part to end animal cruelty.”Do not give in to peer(同龄人) pressure. Its great to be open to trying new things as a teen, and important to make the most of your teenage years. _19_ True friends will not try to pressure you into doing something you dont want to do
67、. Peer pressure comes in a variety of forms, and can create unnecessary stress and tension in your life. Know how to identify and avoid peer pressure.Accept your strengths and weaknesses. Everyone is good at different things. You may not have a gift for writing, but you may excel at science courses.
68、 _20_ You cannot succeed in everything, and thats okay.A Do not limit yourself as a teenager.B. Focus on what youre good at, and what you enjoy.C. After youve spent some time considering your passions, set goals for yourself.D. Maybe you love reading about artists and find going to art museums inspi
69、ring.E. However, you should not do anything that makes you feel uncomfortable or unsafe.F. Youll end up meeting people your own age and developing a group of friends at work.G. That means when writing goals you should state clearly how you want to go after these things.【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. E 20
70、. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了可以提高青少年生活质量的一些方法。【16题详解】根据本段小标题“Discover what inspires you.”（发现激励你的东西。）可知，本段内容和“inspire”有关，下文“This may mean you have a passion for art or art history.”（这可能意味着你对艺术或艺术史有热情。）和D项：Maybe you love reading about artists and find going to art museums inspiring.（也许你喜欢阅读有关艺术家的书籍，觉得去艺术
71、博物馆很有启发。）形成解释说明关系。故选D。【17题详解】空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Its important to have goals as a teen, as these can help shape your adult life.”（作为一个青少年，有目标是很重要的，因为这些目标可以帮助塑造你的成年生活。）可知，上文提到的内容和“goal”相关。C项：After youve spent some time considering your passions, set goals for yourself.（在你花了一些时间考虑你的爱好之后，为自己设定目标。）符合语境。故选C。【1
72、8题详解】根据上文内容“Specific and realistic goals work best.”（具体而现实的目标效果最好。）可知，空处应该解释说明设定的目标要具体化。G项：That means when writing goals you should state clearly how you want to go after these things.（这意味着在写目标的时候，你应该清楚地说明你想要如何实现这些目标。）符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】根据上文内容“Its great to be open to trying new things as a teen, and im
73、portant to make the most of your teenage years.”（作为一个青少年，开放地尝试新事物是很好的，并且充分利用你的青少年时期是很重要的。）和下文内容“True friends will not try to pressure you into doing something you dont want to do.”（真正的朋友不会强迫你做你不想做的事。）可知，空处和上文形成转折关系。E项：However, you should not do anything that makes you feel uncomfortable or unsafe.（然
74、而，你不应该做任何让你感到不舒服或不安全的事情。）符合语境。故选E。【20题详解】本段的主题句是“Accept your strengths and weaknesses”（接受自己的优点和缺点。）再根据上文“You may not have a gift for writing, but you may excel at science courses. ”（你可能没有写作的天赋，但你可能擅长理科课程。）可知，空处应该是说明需要了解自己的优点。B项：Focus on what youre good at, and what you enjoy.（专注于你擅长的和你喜欢的。）符合语境。故选B。
75、第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I was a young girl, my mother boiled fresh vegetables in a big pot every night and small amounts of the roast beef that she cooked once a week were _21_ to the bowls. She called it stew. I would often hear the
76、 other children at school _22_ the delicious meals they had for supper. Many of the children _23_ from fast food restaurants, which were expensive at the time. They got hamburgers, fries, and milkshakes. I _24_ we could eat like that once in a while, but my parents couldnt _25_ it.Now I look back an
77、d think how _26_ I was. My mom took the time to prepare those vegetables very single night. She was right -_27_ on the vegetables and not on the meat - and we werent eating the fat and salt we would have had in take-out food.When I was in my thirties, I was diagnosed with high blood pressure. I have
78、 to _28_ I had been eating lots of fast food, _29_ not getting it as a child. _30_, when I went back to preparing homemade meals without all the _31_ fat and salt I started to feel _32_.I realize how lucky was to have a mother who wok the time to _33_ a healthy meal for my family everynight. That st
79、ew was made with _34_ and it has left me with a(n) _35_ that will warm and nourish me forever.21. A. limitedB. adaptedC. exposedD. added22. A. come uponB. ask forC. talk aboutD. give away23. A. workedB. ateC. shelteredD. suffered24. A. suspectedB. remindedC. realizedD. wished25. A. rememberB. standC
80、. understandD. afford26. A. fortunateB. smartC. sensitiveD. important27. A. tryingB. feedingC. depending.D. focusing28. A. promiseB. defendC. proveD. admit29. A. making up forB. fitting inC. putting up withD. looking forward to30. A. MeanwhileB. ThereforeC. HoweverD. Besides31. A. extraB. mixedC. co
81、mmonD. harmful32. A. satisfiedB. healthyC. creativeD. calm33. A. prepareB. describeC. exchangeD. order34. A. prideB. kindnessC. loveD. honor35. A. abilityB. memoryC. dutyD. chance【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲叙了作者小时
82、候因为家庭经济拮据，母亲总是做蔬菜吃，偶尔才能吃到牛肉。但是班上的许多孩子都吃快餐，作者也想吃那样的东西，但是家里买不起。因为经常吃蔬菜，作者的身体很健康。但是作者三十多岁的时候，因为吃了太多的快餐，得了高血压，这个时候作者反而渴望吃到妈妈做的菜了。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我妈妈每天晚上用一个大锅煮新鲜的蔬菜，然后把她每周烹饪一次的烤牛肉加到碗里。A. limited有限的；B. adapted适合的；C. exposed暴露的；D. added附加的。added to增加。根据“my mother boiled fresh vegetables in
83、a big pot every night and small amounts of the roast beef”可知，作者母亲每周烹饪一次的烤牛肉加到碗里。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我经常听到学校里的其他孩子谈论他们晚饭吃的美味饭菜。A. come upon偶遇；B. ask for请求；C. talk about谈论；D. give away赠送。根据“the delicious meals they had for supper.”可知，学校的孩子们谈论可口的饭菜。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多孩子在当时很贵的快餐店吃饭。A. worked工
84、作；B. ate吃；C. sheltered庇护；D. suffered遭受。根据“from fast food restaurants,”可知，许多孩子在快餐店吃饭。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我们偶尔也能吃那样的东西，但我父母负担不起。A. suspected怀疑；B. reminded提醒；C. realized意识到；D. wished希望。根据“we could eat like that once in a while,”可知，作者也希望自己能吃到汉堡包和薯条。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我们偶尔也能吃那样的东西，但我父母负担不起。
85、A. remember记得；B. stand忍受；C. understand理解；D. afford付得起。根据“I _4_ we could eat like that once in a while,”和转折词but可知，作者父母付不起快餐的钱。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在回想起来，我觉得自己是多么幸运。A. fortunate幸运的；B. smart时髦的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. important重要的。根据“She was right -_7_ on the vegetables and not on the meat - and we were
86、nt eating the fat and salt we would have had in take-out food.”可知，作者现在回想起来觉得很幸运。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是对的我们注重的是蔬菜而不是肉类我们也没有吃外卖食物中的脂肪和盐。A. trying试着；B. feeding喂养；C. depending依靠；D. focusing集中。focus on集中在。根据“She was right”可知，作者饮食中注重蔬菜而不是肉。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不承认我吃了很多快餐，弥补了我小时候没有吃的东西。A. promise答应
87、；B. defend防守；C. prove证明；D. admit承认。根据“When I was in my thirties, I was diagnosed with high blood pressure.” 可知，作者得了高血压，不得不承认自己吃了很多快餐。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我不得不承认我吃了很多快餐，弥补了我小时候没有吃的东西。A. making up for弥补；B. fitting in适合；C. putting up with容忍；D. looking forward to期望。根据“not getting it as a child.” 可知，
88、作者成年后，吃了许多快餐是弥补了小时候没吃到的不足。故选A。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我回到家里准备没有多余脂肪和盐的饭菜时，我开始感到健康。A. Meanwhile同时；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Besides此外。根据“when I went buck to preparing homemade meals without all the _11_ fat and salt I started to feel _12_.”可知，这里前后为转折关系。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我回到家里准备没有多余脂肪和盐的
89、饭菜时，我开始感到健康。A. extra额外的；B. mixed混合的；C. common常见的；D. harmful有害的。根据“when I went back to preparing homemade meals”可知，作者在家做的饭菜没有额外多余脂肪和盐。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我开始准备没有多余脂肪和盐的家庭餐时，我开始感觉健康了。A. satisfied满意的；B. healthy健康的；C. creative有创造力的；D. calm镇静的。根据“when I went back to preparing homemade meals witho
90、ut all the _11_ fat and salt”可知，作者吃家里的饭菜更健康了。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，有一位母亲每天晚上花时间为我的家人准备一顿健康的饭菜是多么幸运。A. prepare准备；B. describe描述；C. exchange交换；D. order订购。根据“a healthy meal for my family every night.”可知，如今作者很渴望吃到一碗母亲为家人准备的饭菜。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这道炖菜是用爱做的，它给我留下了一段记忆，它将永远温暖我，滋养我。A. pride骄傲；B. kin
91、dness善意；C. love爱；D. honor荣誉。根据“and it has left me with a(n) _15_ that will warm and nourish me forever.”可知，那炖菜是母亲用爱做的。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这道炖菜是用爱做的，它给我留下了一段记忆，它将永远温暖我，滋养我。A. ability能力；B. memory记忆；C. duty责任；D. chance机会。根据“That stew was made with _14_ and it has left me”可知，母亲用爱做的饭菜给作者留下了永远温暖的回忆。故选B
92、。第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。After almost 15 years of roving across the surface of Mars, NASAs Opportunity rover has completed its job in _36_ end.When Opportunity and its twin, Spirit, _37_(successful) landed on the Red Planet in January 2004, engineers expected them to
93、 last no longer _38_ 90 days. Instead, Spirit survive until 2010, and Opportunity kept going until June of 2018, _39_ it lost communication with Earth during a Mars-wide dust storm. _40_(believe) that the six-wheelers solar panels had been covered with dust, NASA scientists hoped the machine would p
94、ower up when the skies _41_(clear). But after eight months of _42_(fail) attempts to wake the machine, its controller back on Earth finally realized that Opportunitys roving days were over. Project manager John Callas said that saying goodbye was very hard for himself and _43_(he) team. During its t
95、ime on Mars, Opportunity covered a record 29 miles and made several major _44_(discovery)-most famously, confirming that water once flowed on the planet.NASA still has two other machines on Mars: Curiosity and Insight. Another rover, a near-twin of Curiosity, is scheduled _45_(arrive) in 2021.【答案】36
96、. the 37. successfully 38. than 39. when 40. Believing 41. cleared 42. failed 43. his 44. discoveries 45. to arrive【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了经过近15年在火星表面的漫游，美国宇航局的机遇号火星车终于完成了它的工作。【36题详解】考查固定短语。句意：经过近15年在火星表面的漫游，美国宇航局的机遇号火星车终于完成了它的工作。固定短语“in the end”译为“最终”。故填the。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：2004年1月，当机遇号和它的孪生兄弟勇气号成功着陆火星时
97、，工程师们预计它们的寿命不会超过90天。根据空格后的动词landed(着陆)可知，此处需要用副词successfully来修饰动词landed。故填successfully。【38题详解】考查固定短语。句意见上一题。固定短语“no longer than”译为“不超过”。故填than。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：相反，“勇气号”一直存活到2010年，而“机遇号”一直坚持到2018年6月，在一次火星全范围的尘暴中失去了与地球的联系。分析句子结构中可知，此处为定语从句。先行词June of 2018在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导非限制性定语从句。故填when。【40题详解
98、】考查非谓语动词。句意：美国国家航空航天局的科学家们相信，六轮车的太阳能电池板已经被灰尘覆盖，他们希望当天空放晴时，这台机器能够启动。句子的谓语动词为hoped，所以动词believe要以非谓语动词形式出现。非谓语动词believe和其逻辑主语NASA scientists是主动关系。故填Believing。【41题详解】考查时态语态。句意见上一题。在when引导的时间状语从句中，clear作谓语动词。根据上文的“hoped”可知，此处陈述过去的事实需要用一般过去时。主语the skies和谓语动词clear是主动关系。故填cleared。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：但经过8个月的失败尝试
99、，“机遇号”的控制人员终于意识到“机遇号”漫游的日子结束了。根据空格后的名词attempts可知，此处填入形容词failed(失败的)来做定语修饰名词attempts。故填failed。【43题详解】考查人称代词。句意：项目经理John Callas表示，告别对他自己和他的团队来说都很艰难。根据空格后的名词team(团队)可知，此处使用形容词性物主代词来修饰名词team。故填his。【44题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：“机遇号”在火星上飞行了创纪录的29英里，并有了几项重大发现最著名的发现是证实了火星上曾经有水流动。根据空格前的several可知，此处需要填可数名词discovery的复数形式
100、。故填discoveries。【45题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：另一个火星车，“好奇号”的孪生兄弟，计划于2021年抵达。固定搭配“be scheduled to do sth.”表示“计划做某事”。故填to arrive。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)46. 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友George发来邮件，想了解你未来想做什么职业。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1. 你未来想从事的职业；2. 你选择该职业的原因；3.注意：1. 词数80字左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 划横线部分不计入总字数。Dear George,Im more tha
101、n delighted to hear from you._【答案】Dear George,Im more than delighted to hear from you. In your letter, you asked me about my career choice for the future, so Im now writing to share my views about it.In the future, Im going to be a doctor. For one thing, if I am a doctor, I can make use of what I ha
102、ve learned to relieve patients pains and even save their lives. For another, I have always shown great interest in Chinese medicine, which features magic effect. Should I be admitted by a medical college this year, I would make every effort to rediscover the value of Chinese medicine making it more
103、popular in the world.Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友George写封邮件，告知他你未来想做什么职业。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量现在完成时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.介绍你未来想从事的职业；2.说明你选择该职业的原因。第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）my career choice for the future; to be a doctor; relieve patients pains;
104、save their lives; show great interest in Chinese medicine; make every effort第三步：连词成句1.In your letter, you asked me about my career choice for the future, so Im now writing to share my views about it.2.In the future, Im going to be a doctor.3.For one thing, if I am a doctor, I can make use of what I
105、have learned to relieve patients pains and even save their lives. 4.For another, I have always shown great interest in Chinese medicine, which features magic effect. 5.Should I be admitted by a medical college this year, I would make every effort to rediscover the value of Chinese medicine making it
106、 more popular in the world.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1. 表因果关系：So连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1For another, I have always shown great interest in Chinese medicine, which features magic effect.（which引导的定语从句）高分句型2Should I be admitted by a medical college this year, I wou
107、ld make every effort to rediscover the value of Chinese medicine making it more popular in the world.（虚拟语气的倒装）第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。A farmer grew some vegetables in his garden. One day his wife was ill and he had no money. He had to sell some cabbages and carrots in the m
108、arket. The next morning he took two baskets of vegetables to town. But it was raining hard that afternoon and there were few people in the street. When his vegetables were sold out, it was dark. He bought some medicine and hurried to his village.On his way home, he saw a person lying on the snow. He
109、 placed his baskets on the ground and was going to help the person to get up. At that time, he found it was a dead man and there was much blood on his body. He was so afraid that he ran away quickly, without taking the baskets with him. The next afternoon the farmer was sent to the police station.Ha
110、ving shown the baskets, an officer asked, “Are these yours?” “Yes, sir,” the farmer answered timidly(胆怯地).“Have you killed the man?”“No, no, sir,” the farmer said in a hurry.“When did you see the dead man?”“About seven last evening.”“Did you see who killed the man?” “No, sir.”The officer brought out
111、 a knife and asked, “Have you seen it yet?” “No, sir.” The officer became angry and told the policeman to beat him up and send him into prison. The officer wanted to trap the farmer into the confession(供认), but the farmer didnt admit he was the murderer.注意：1. 所续写的短文词数应为150左右；2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语己经为你写好
112、；Paragraph 1: The officer was so angry that he asked the policeman to beat him up again._ Paragraph 2: The farmer was lucky. A few days later, ._【答案】Paragraph 1:The officer was so angry that he asked the policeman to beat him up again. The farmer was beaten black and blue all over. Thinking that he
113、would be sentenced to death, he felt extremely frightened. But he didnt kill anyone, and he was innocent. On no account did he admit what he didnt do. He must tell people the truth, but no one could hear his voice. Hopefully, someone could come and save him.Paragraph 2:The farmer was lucky. A few da
114、ys later, a young man came to the police station with a lot of journalists, saying that he saw the murderer. It was the police officer who killed the man! He saw the police officer kill the man with a knife and then run away late in the evening. After investigation what the young man said was right.
115、 The police officer was sent into prison and the farmer was set free. Hurrying home, the farmer found his wife recovered from her illness. They hugged each other, with tears in their eyes.【解析】【分析】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个农民为了给妻子治病去城镇上卖蔬菜，晚上回家时在路上发现了一个死人。农民很害怕，跑走了，但是第二天却被抓进了警察局。警察想屈打成招，但是农民坚持自己是清白的，拒不招供。一个年轻人
116、救了他，证明了他的清白。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“警官非常生气，他要求警察再打他一顿。”可知，第一段可描写农民被打得鼻青脸肿，但是依然坚持自己是清白的。由第二段首句内容“农夫很幸运。几天后”可知，第二段可描写有一个人证明了农民的清白，农民被释放了。2.续写线索：被打害怕坚持作证释放回家3.词汇激活行为类判刑：be sentenced to/be condemned to承认：admit/acknowledge拯救：save/rescue情绪类害怕：frightened/afraid/scared【点睛】高分句型1Thinking that he would be sentenced to death, he felt extremely frightened. （现在分词作状语）高分句型2On no account did he admit what he didnt do. （部分倒装）高分句型3It was the police officer who killed the man! （强调句）
