1、备战2011届高考英语（通用版）一轮复习专题18 冠词【A组：基础过关】1. To tell truth, his coming is really big surprise to most people present at the party.A. / ; a B. the ; / C. the ; a D. / ; /【答案】C 【解析】该题考查冠词。第一空处是固定短语，to tell the truth意为“说实话”；第二空后的surprise是可数名词，意为“意想不到的事，令人惊讶的事”，故前面用不定冠词。2. Jack wanted to be_ university studen
2、t, but in_ entrance examination he missed by a mile.A. a; an B. an; the C. the; an D. a; the【答案】D 【解析】考查冠词。a university student一名大学生，表泛指；the entrance examination特指入学考试。3._on-going division between English speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _major concern of the country. A. The, / B.
3、 The, a C. An, the D. An, /【解析】此句的意思是：在讲英语的加拿大人和讲法语的加拿大人之间的那种逐渐增长的分歧是这个国家一个主要担心的问题。第一个空用the 表特指；第二个空用a表泛指，泛指主要是担心问题中的一个。【答案】B4. One way to understand thousands of new words in gain _good knowledge of basic word formation. A. / B. the C. a D. one5. The cakes are delicious . Hed like have _third one b
4、ecause _second one is rather too small. A. a, a B. the . the C. a ,the D. the ,a 【解析】当序数词表示顺序时前面要回定冠词修饰；当表示“又一；再一”时，前面用不定冠词修饰。【答案】C6.In china, pressure to pass exams gives students the impression that learning comes from textbooks. A/; /Bthe; theCthe; /D/; the【解析】后置定语很长的时候我们用定冠词the 修饰，the exams 也特指应
5、试教育的考试。【答案】B7.Recently some studies have found that learning _ second language can lead to _ increase in ones brain power. Aa; theB不填; theCa; anDthe; an【解析】a +序数词表示再一，又一； an increase 一种增加，用做名词这个时候看作可数。【答案】C8.（浙江省宁波市08-09学年高三上学期期末统考，2）What do you remember Alexander Graham Bell as? As _ inventor of _
6、telephone. A. an; /B. the; aC. the; the D. /; the9一 What in _ world do you like most in _ world?一 I hope _ world is _peaceful and fair world. Athe；the；the；the B；the；the；C；the；the；a Dthe；the；the；a【解析】第一个world前加the构成in the world，其意为“究竟，到底”，第二和第三个world表示“这个世界”，特指需加the，第四个world前有形容词修饰，应用不定冠词a，)【答案】D10As
7、 we all know_life is hard for any of us. If we live_ happy life，we must all work harder. A： B；a Ca； Da；a【解析】抽象名词life指“生活”时是不可数名词，不加冠词;第二个空具体化，有形容词修饰，应用不定冠词，a happy life表示。一种幸福的生活”。【答案】B【B组：能力突破】（东北三省三校2009届高三下学期第一次联合模拟考试yy）The chairman will be pleased at _ scene that everything is in _ place.A. a; a
8、 B. the; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填; the【答案解析】C考查冠词的用法。scene后有定语从句修饰，是特指；inplace表示“在正确的位置，准备妥当”，是固定搭配。（山东省济南市2010届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语试题）Play, often seen as activity for kids, is still important in development of teenagers.Athe; the Ban; the Can; 不填 Dthe; 不填（浙江省金华十校2010届高三上学期期末考试（英语）Sad to say，nowadays many peop
9、le are still in habit of writing silly things in public places.Athe；不填 B不填；不填 Cthe; the D不填；the【答案解析】A考查冠词。habit后有of短语修饰限定，故第一空是特指；第二空是泛指，表“公共场所”，不用冠词。( 2010年安徽省“江南十校”高三联考英语试题)It was _ exciting news that more than ten students in a single school were admitted to Tsinghua University in the same year.
10、 A. one B. an C. / D. a【答案解析】C考查冠词的用法。news是不可数名词，所以不用冠词，这里选C项。(2010东北三省四市联考) What have we got for supper? I got huge fish at market opposite our school for only five pounds. Athe；the Ba；the Cthe；a Da；a【答案解析】B，考察冠词的用法。huge fish有很多，我买的只是其中的一条，所以用不定冠词来修饰；market是指学校对面的一家，属特指，所以用定冠词。(2010山东潍坊一模)一My fligh
11、t was delayed because of_ heavy rainBut you are just in_ time for the discussionAthe；a Ba；the C不填；不填 Dthe；不填【答案解析】D，考察冠词的用法。引起我的航班延误应该是特指的一场大雨，所以第一空要用定冠词来限定，in time及时，准时，固定短语。(2010辽宁抚顺拟) I dont think the experiment is _ failure. At least we have gained _ experience for future success. A.不填；the B. a;
12、 the C. a ; 不填 D.不填; 不填 （2010北京海淀期末）By _ nature, you are an adventurer, full of amazement and curiosity about _world bigger than life itself.Aa; the Bthe; the C/; a Dthe; /【答案解析】C，考察冠词的用法。By nature就其本质而言，天生的，固定短语；world，earth，sun，moon等独一无二的名词一旦被形容词修饰之后，其前要用不定冠词来限定。(2010江苏南通调研) While income worry is _
13、 rather common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that _ aged parents may face.A. a; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. a; the D. the; the【答案解析】A，考察冠词的用法。不定冠词和another才能对应，表示泛指，所以第一空不用冠词；parents复数表泛指，所以其前不用冠词。(2010山东烟台检测) Hey, please do me favor. I must get some money from ATM machine.Athe; a Ba; the C
14、the; an Da; 不填【答案解析】B，考察冠词的用法。第一空固定词组do sb a favor，第二空则表示确指。(2010北京东城期末) Have you read todays news? The priceof houses has slightly gone down.Athe, the B不填,the Cthe,不填 D不填，不填【答案解析】D，考察冠词的用法。todays news今天的新闻，其前不用冠词；houses复数名词表泛指，其前不用冠词。(2010山东聊城一模) When the government office building was under fire,
15、the crowd got into panic.A不填；aBthe；不填Ca；theDthe；a【答案解析】A, 考察冠词的用法。under fire是固定搭配，意为着火，get into a panic陷入恐慌之中(2010湖南四校联考)The film company has given up idea of acting play of Shakespeare. A. the; the B. the; a C. an; a D. an; the(湖南省雅礼中学2010届高三第七次月考 )Education is a lifelong process, process that star
16、ts long before start of school, and one that should be a necessary part of ones entire life. A. a, a B. a, the C. the, a D. the, the【解析】考查冠词。这句话的意思是“教育自始自终伴随人的一生，早在人们上学之前就开始了，应是人生命中不可缺少的一部分”。第一空为不定冠词，“a process”作前面“a lifelong process”的同位语；第二空为定冠词，表示“开始上学”这一特定的事件。(江苏省南通市2010期末调研)What lessons China ca
17、n draw from global financial crisis has become _hot topic among us students.A. the; a B. 不填; a C. a; the D. 不填; theA【解析】考察冠词的用法。本题中的 financial crisis金融危机是特指，用定冠词the，hot topic 是指热门的话题，为泛指用a。(陕西省宝鸡市2010届高三质量检测)As we all know, it is really convenience to have hospital in a community.Athe; a B/; a Ca; a
18、 D/; the (吉林省长春市高中毕业班2010年第一次调研)The report said that a bus went out of control on highway south of the city are rushed into a river.A. the; the B./; the C. the; / D. /; /D【解析】冠词。go out of contml是固定短语，意思是失去控制；south of中的south是方位副词，前面不需要使用冠词。当south用作名词时通常与介词一起使用，如in thesouth of。（福建省厦门市2010届高三年级上学期质量检查）
19、Because _ unemployment is very high at present, its not easy for a fresh graduate to find _ satisfying job as he wishesAthe; / B/; a Can; a Dan; theB【解析】考查冠词。unemployment是抽象名词，前面不用冠词。job是可数名词，用不定冠词泛指“一个令人满意的工作。二、完形填空 I had the privilege to visit the Bridge of Forgiveness in Palawan during the time w
20、hen I was on the summers team After the long and exciting week，we had a chance to (1) the place where we were assigned(指定)We (2) the narrow hanging bridge made of two bamboos and a long rope which you can hold (3) for your life as you cross itI was so afraid of (4) ，especially here, and I think most
21、 of us were not (5) to crossing so high a bridge (6) ，our team leader told us that we must cross this bridge in order to see the splendid falls that lie out on the other (7) . “As you cross this bridge，think about (8) difficult，but it is possible” Many times in our lives we face (9) that we dont exp
22、ectbroken relationships，betrayal(背叛)of a friend，etc，and all we do is (10) But I noticed that life must go on，and all the burdens must be (11) through forgivenessforgiveness of yourself and others I didnt understand my cousin (12) she told me I should (13) all those unfriendly guys with (14) But as I
23、 grow older，I realize that lying in the past (15) and guilt will not serve me well Once I forgave serious (16) ，I noticed that I couldnt forget them but every time I remembered them，I (17) There are no more pains brought just by the thought of them After all，life is good (18) all the hardships, pain
24、s and difficulties, life teaches me to be (19) in facing any adversity(逆境)while at the same time it makes me (20) to those who sufferIf somebody does something terrible to me，I have to think back the bridge of forgiveness difficult but possible(1)Aadmire Brecognize Cexplore Dexpose(2)Acame upon Bset
25、 aside Cbuilt up Dbroke down(3)Aconveniently Bdelightedly Ctightly Drelaxingly(4)Adistance Bheights Cdangers Dlengths(5)Adevoted Blimited Copposed。 Daccustomed(6)AHowever BTherefore COtherwise DAnyway(7)Aside Bhand Cway Ddirection(8)Ahappiness Bsorrow Cforgiveness Dentertainment(9)Astrangers Benviro
26、nments Cceremonies Dsituations(10)Ahope Bfight Cforget Dsigh(11)Astopped Bunloaded Cadded Dcharged(12)Awhen Buntil Cunless Dbefore(13)Aignore Btease Ctreat Dvalue(14)Apatience Bkindness Ccourage Dviolence(15)Amatters Bhurts Ccounts Dchanges(16)Adisadvantages Bbehavior Cfriends Doffences(17)Aached Bs
27、uffered Csmiled Dregretted(18)AApart from BRather than CInstead of DRegardless of(19)Astrong Baggressive Cinspired Daware(20)Aconsiderate Bmerciful Cgrateful Dsince (1)C 【解析】作者在这儿参观，所以，有机会去探密这个地方。动词admire羡慕，recognize辨认，expose暴露，其意思与语意不符；而explore的意思是“探索、探密”的意思。故答案选C。【解析】根据第一段，这种桥是由一根长绳子和两根竹竿构成的，所以，应该
28、是很容易看到桥底，怕高的人过这种桥当然要很害怕的。故答案选B。(5)D【解析】后文提到“so high a bridge和“we must cross this bridge”，这说明在作者看来，很多人是不愿过这么高的桥的。“devoted意思是“专心于、忠诚的”，“limited”意思是“有限的”，“opposed意思是“反对”，因此，以上三词与not连用并不适合语意。“accustomed的意思是“习惯于”。故答案选D。(6)A【解析】根据语意，两句前后之间具有语意上的转折关系。故答案选A。(7)A【解析】此处指在桥的另一边的瀑布。故答案选A。(8)C【解析】根据下文可知，走在桥上，想着宽
29、恕别人，就不会害怕，尽管这很难做到。故答案选C。(9)D【解析】一生中，我们会遇到很多我们预料不到的事情发生。名词strangers不合语意；environment强调的是“环境”，不合语意；ceremonies是指“仪式”；“situation”此处指“形势、境况”。故答案选D。(10)D【解析】在遇到诸如朋友背叛等情况时，我们常常是“无可奈何(无奈的叹息)”。动词sigh的意思是“叹息”。根据下文“But I noticed that life must go on”，对已经发生的不好的事，我们并没有去抗争、忘记或者是希望。故答案选D。 (14)B【解析】根据下文作者对他堂姐所理解的就是要
30、用仁慈的心对待他人对你的过错，去宽恕他们，而不是“以牙还牙”。故答案选B。(15)B【解析】作者意识到“躺在过去里只会更会受到伤害，内疚是不行的”。故答案选B。(16)D【解析】形容词serious决定了作者所宽恕的是那些严重的过错或者侮辱，frlends，behaviors和disadvantages在语意上不符。名词offenece的意思是“过错、犯罪、侮辱等”。故答案选D。(17)C【解析】既然宽恕了那些不快与过错，作者再次记住它们时不再是痛苦而是一笑了之。故答案选C。(18)D【解析】尽管生活带给我们艰难、痛苦和困难，它教给我们。“艰难、痛苦和困难”并不是我们所想要的，因此，apart
31、 from(除了)，instead of(而不是)与语意不符；而：rather than在语意上不通；regardless of的意思是“不管、不顾”。故答案选D。(19)A三、阅读理解AYou might think that“global warming” means nothing more than a rise in the worlds temperature.But rising sea levels caused by it have resulted in the first evacuation（撤离）of an island nationthe citizens of T
32、uvalu will have to leave their homeland.During the 20th century,sea level rose 812 inches.As a result,Tuvalu has experienced lowland flooding of salt water that has polluted the countrys drinking water.Paani Laupepa,a Tuvaluan government official,reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the natio
33、n suffered an unusually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years.Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.Laupepa expressed dissatisfaction with the United States for refusing to sign the Kyoto Protocol,an i
34、nternational agreement calling for industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions（导致温室效应的气体排放）,which are a main cause of global warming.“By refusing to sign the agreement,the US has effectively taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans to live where their forefathers
35、 have lived for thousands of years.”Laupepa told the BBC.Tuvalu has asked Australia and New Zealand to allow the gradual move of its people to both countries.Tuvalu is not the only country that is vulnerable （易受影响的）to rising sea levels.Maumoon Gayoon,president of the Maldives,told the United Nations
36、 that global warming has made his country of 311,000 an“endangered nation”.1.The text is mainly about_.A.rapid changes in earths temperatureB.bad effects of global warmingC.moving of a country to a new placeD.reasons for lowland flooding2.According to scientists,the DIRECT cause of more and fiercer
37、storms is_.A.greenhouse gas emissions in industrialized nationsB.higher surface water temperatures of the seaC.continuous global warmingD.rising sea levels3.Laupepa was not satisfied with the United States because it did not_.A.agree to reduce its greenhouse gas emissionsB.sign an agreement with Tuv
38、aluC.allow Tuvaluans to move to the USD.believe the problems facing Tuvalu were real4.The country whose situation is similar to that of Tuvalu is_.A.AustraliaB.New zealandC.the MaldivesD.the United States【答案】1. B这是一道主旨题。这篇短文主要讲述了全球变暖造成的恶劣影响。2. B这是一道细节推断题。根据第三段“Many scientists connect higher surface
39、water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.”可判断出造成严重的暴风雨的直接原因是海洋表面水温太高。BIn the atmosphere,carbon dioxide allows the suns rays to enter but prevents the heat from escaping.According to a weather experts prediction,the atmosphere will be warmer in the year 205
40、0 than it is today,if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate.If this warming up took place,the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt,thus raising sea level several meters and severely flooding coastal cities.Also,the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the
41、 climate of the northern hemisphere.In the past,concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet.But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic,which may be affected by only a f
42、ew degrees of warming,in other words,by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels.Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing.The evidence suggests that a warming has taken place.This fits the theory
43、that carbon dioxide warms the earth.However,most of the fuel is burnt in the northern part of the earth,where temperatures seem to be falling.Scientists conclude,therefore,that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man.The question is: Which natural cause has most
44、 effect on the weather?One possibility is the behavior of the sun.Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and “cold” spots,that is,the relatively less hot spots,on the sun.This seems to have a greater effect on the distribution of the earths atmospheric pressure,and consequent
45、ly on wind circulation（循环）.The sun is also variable（可变的） over a long term.Its heat output（输出）goes up and down in cycles.The latest trend being downward is on the way.But that is only a imagination.5.The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would_.A prevent the suns rays from reaching the earths surfaceB
46、.mean a warming up in the ArcticC.account for great changes in the climateD.raise the temperature of the earths surface6.The article was written to explain_ .A.the greenhouse effectB.the solar effects on the earthC.the solar weatherD.the causes affecting weather7.Although the fuel is greater in the
47、northern part,temperatures there seem to be falling.This is_.A.mainly because the carbon dioxide is risingB.possibly because the ice caps in the poles are meltingC.due to the effect of the earths climateD.partly due to the activity of the sun8.What does the underlined word exceeded mean?A.To be the
48、same as.B.To be slower than.C.To be better than.D.To be bigger than.【答案】5. D文章第一段讲到二氧化碳在大气中就像温室的玻璃屋顶一样吸收太阳的光线并阻挡光热的流失，文章第三段最后一句话又再次提到二氧化碳能使地球变热的理论。因此，正确答案为D项。6. D全文讲述的是影响天气的诸多原因。选项A、B、C在文中均被提及但不足以概括全文的主旨，只有D项是比较全面的。CThe world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communi
49、cation means （通讯设备）.Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago,but it has brought new problems.One of the biggest is pollution.To pollute means to make things dirty.Pollution comes in many ways.We see it,smell it,drink it and even hear it.Man has been polluting the earth.The more pe
50、ople,the more pollution.Many years ago,the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people.When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place,Man moved to another place.But this is no longer true.Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.Air pollution is still the most
51、serious.Its bad for all living things in the world,but it is not the only one kind of pollution.Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water.Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.They stop people from burning coal in houses an
52、d factories in the city,and from putting dirty smoke into the air.Pollution bycarbon dioxide is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution.It is caused by heavy traffic.It is true that if there are fewer people driving,there will be less air pollution.The earth is our home.We must take care of it.
53、That means keeping the land,water and air clean.And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time.9.Hundreds of years ago,the pollution was_it is today.A.much easier thanB.as easy asC.as hard asD.much less than 10.Our world is becoming much smaller_.A.because the earth is being pollut
54、ed day and nightB.because science is developingC.because of the rise in populationD.because the earth is blown away by the wind every year11.Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because_.A.it does harm to all living things in the worldB.it makes much noiseC.it makes our rivers and lak
55、es dirtyD.it makes us angry more easily12.Which of the following is NOT true?A.The problem of pollution is not so serious because there are not so many people living on the earth.B.The pollution of the earth grows as fast as the worlds population does.C.If people could go to work bike it would be he
56、lpful against the problem of carbon dioxide.D.Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution.【答案】9. D从第二段的第三句Many years ago,the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people.看出数百年前，污染不像今天这么严重。10. B第一段第一句The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modem traffic a
57、nd modern communication means (通讯设备).看出由于利用了现代通讯和交通，地球变小了。在not so many people。四、书面表达当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。有人选择看电影，有人则喜欢读原著。请你以“Film or book, which do you prefer?”为题，按照下列要点写一篇报告：看电影：省时、有趣、易懂读原著：细节更多、语言优美我的看法及理由 注意：1、词数：100-120 文章题目和开头已给出（不计入词数）。 2、参考词汇： original work 或 book in the original （原著）Film or book,
58、 which do you prefer?Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original._One possible version:Film or book, which do you prefer?Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original. The reason is that it takes less time to und
59、erstand the whole story. Besides, the film is usually more interesting, and it is easier to follow.Some others have just the opposite opinion. They think that they can get more detailed information from the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful. Personal
60、ly, I agree with the second view. Actually I have more reasons for it. I think I can stay at home, reading quietly in a situation of my own, and whats more, I am able to better understand the authors ideas. In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it. 高考资源网()来源：高考资源网版权所有：高考资源网(www.k s 5 )版权所有：高考资源网()版权所有：高考资源网()
