1、Unit 5 Nelson MandelaUnit 5 Nelson Mandela语言知识点与运用语言知识点与运用例:Modesty is one of his good qualities.谦虚是他的美德之一.We should keep the fine qualities of the working people.我们应该保持劳动人民的优良品质。1.quality n.品质(用于人)2.mean adj.1.吝啬的,小气的(+about/over/with)Her husband is very mean about money.她的丈夫在金钱上很吝啬。2.卑鄙的,心地不好的(+to
2、)That was a mean trick!那是一个卑劣的诡计!3.active adj.1.活跃的;活泼的Mrs.Brown is over 80 and not very active now.布朗太太已八十多岁,现在不大活动了。2.积极的;勤奋的He became an active social reformer.他成了一位积极的社会改革家。3.在活动中的;在进展中的Mount Vesuvius is an active volcano.维苏威是一座活火山。4.generous adj.慷慨的,大方的(+with/in/to)She is generous in giving hel
3、p.她乐于助人。He was generous to everybody with money.他在金钱上对每个人都很大方。.宽宏大量的,宽厚的(+to/towards)He is generous towards his subordinates.他待部属很宽厚。.大量的;丰富的;丰盛的She gave me a generous lunch.她请我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。自私的,利己主义的;只顾自己的She is a selfish girl.她是个自私自利的女孩。5.selfish adj.6.devoted adj.1.献身的;虔诚的;专心致志的He was still devoted t
4、o the study of chemistry.他仍专心研究化学。2.忠实的;挚爱的Mrs.Jones had a very devoted husband.琼斯太太有一位忠实的丈夫。7.die for 为某种事业或目的而死die for ones country/the people/the cause.die of 死于内因die from 死于外因die from a car accident.由于车祸而死die by 死于暴力,刀或剑等凶器die by the sword/hanging.be dying for 极想得到.She is dying for a cup of wate
5、r.die through carelessness 因过失而死diedown 凋落,消失die away 消失（渐渐远去）The sound died away.声音渐渐远去。die out 绝种This kind of animal is dying out.8.found vt.1.建立;建造The pilgrims founded a colony in Plymouth.清教徒们在普利茅斯创建了一个殖民地。2.创立,创办They founded a college.他们创办了一所大学。9.believe in 1.信仰Christians believe in Jesus.基督徒信仰
6、耶稣。2.信任We believe in him.我们信任他。3.相信.的效用Jim believes in fresh air and morning exercises.吉姆坚信新鲜空气及早操有益处。He wont give up the experiment even if he has failed many times.His father has given up smoking.This is a good idea.You shouldntgive it up.She gave up her job to look after her mother10.give up+n./p
7、ron/v-ing只能接动名词作宾语的动词avoid,consider,dislike,enjoy,excuse,finish,imagine,mind,miss,suggest,stop,feel like,give up,cant help,cant standDo not talk(in)that way.(In)this way,you can remember the spelling.Dont stand in the/my way.He is better in some way(s).He picked a pen on the way to school.11.in a pe
8、aceful way以和平的方式那样这样碍事在某些方面在往的路上12.fight against/for/withThe soldiers fought bravely _ the enemy _ the liberation _ their comrades.againstforwith13.beaway有远(指距离、时间)1)我家离这里只有两条街。My house is only 2 blocks away from here.2)他的生日在两周以后。His birthday is two weeks away.in two weeks.1)她整天往外跑你不担心吗？Doesnt it wo
9、rry you that she spends so much time away from home?2)不要发愁。Dont worry yourself.14.worry vt.worry sb.that 使某人担心worry oneself 使自己担心worry vi.worry about=be worried about 担心worry over sth.因某事担心1)他担心考试不及格？He worried that he would fail the exam.2)因为担心孩子的病，她瘦了。She lost weight because she worried about her
10、sons illness.1)Im worried _ her driving the car tonight on the wet road.A.of B.about C.on D.at2)His dangerous driving always _ me.A.worry about B.worries about C.worried about D.worries15.be out of work/job=lose ones job=be unemployed失业,没有工作His mother has been out of work for half a year.in work 有工作
11、Is her husband in work?out of 意为“在之外”,“向外”;表示失去,没有,用完;不再处于某种状况。反义词为into或in。The little boy ran out of the room.He took my books out of my schoolbag.Dont run into the room.Can you put your raincoat inyour pocket?out of breath上气不接下气out of patience 不耐烦out of petrol汽油用完了out of use没用了out of order出故障了out o
12、f control 失控了out of danger 脱离危险了out of sight看不见了out of fashion不时兴out of date过时out of repair无法修葺Out of sight,out of mind.眼不见,心不烦。16.as as+主语+can/could 尽可能,尽量=as as+possibleHe was running as fast as he could.=He was running as fast as possible.You must speak English as often as you can.=You must speak
13、 English _.as often as possibleThey did the experiment as carefully asthey could.=They did the experiment _.Try to make as few mistakes as you can.=Try to make _.as carefully as possibleas few mistakes as possible某些动词(see,find,witness等)主语有时不是人而是物,即拟人用法,使句子生动。1)This old house has seen good days.2)Dus
14、k(黄昏)found a boy crying in the street.17.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of3)Oct 1,1949,saw/witnessed the foundation of the Peoples Republic of China.18.until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.考点 定语从句中关系副词where的用法考例 Those successful deaf dancers
15、think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing.(天津2007)A.when B.whoseC.which D.where 点拨 题意为“那些成功的聋人舞蹈家认为舞蹈是一项视觉比听觉更为重要的活动”。先行词activity后跟定语从句，从句中where作地点状语，意为“在那种活动中，在那种情况或场合下”。19.The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.考点 定语从句中in+which的用法。考例 Many
16、 people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger.A.that B.by which C.which D.in which点拨 由四个选项可知空格处应填入定语从句的引导词。定语从句意为：people were eaten by the tiger in the scene，所以应选D项。20.put sb.in(into)prison 把关进监狱be sent to prison (被送进监狱
17、)be in prison (在监狱里)be thrown into prison (被投入监狱)break prison (越狱)prison表示蹲监狱时,其前不用冠词throw sb.into prison=send/take sb.to prisonHe had been in prison for 20 years.The man was put in prison for stealing a car.Anyone who breaks the law should be thrown into prison.They all went to the prison to visit
18、the prisoners.类似:bed,church,class,college,hospital,school,university,market21.either.or.(两者之中)或(之一)You may stay either in a hotel or in a private house.I want to visit either Paris or London.Either you or I am wrong.Either of the boys likes singing.Either day is OK.neithernorHe has neither money nor
19、 social position.Neither parent cares what happens to the child.Neither of the boys likes to play such a game.bothandBoth he and I are wrong.Both of the boys like singing.accept(接受)表示主观上乐意接受。receive(收到,得到),表示客观收到,还不能断定是否接受。I received his letter of invitation,but I didnt accept it.22.accept 与 receive
20、的区别：accept 还表示“答应”、“同意”、“认同”He asked her to marry him and she accepted.receive 还表示“接待”、“接收”、“欢迎”She was received into the club.-Have you_ the invitation to the party?-Yes,I have.And Ive _it.A.accepted,receivedB.received,accepted C.received,receivedD.accepted,accepted 23.attack vt.1).进攻,袭击The enemy a
21、ttacked our airport all night.敌人彻夜都在攻击我们的机场。2).(努力地)着手干He tried to attack the problem from different angles.他试着从各个角度来着手解决这个问题.24.as a matter of fact 事实上As a matter of fact,Ive never been there before.事实上我从未到过那儿。25.But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making bl
22、ack and white people equal.考点 equal相等的、平等的考例 Fitness is important in sport,but of at least _ importance are skills.(天津 2006)A.fair B.reasonable C.equalD.proper点拨 本题考查形容词作定语的用法。注意:but后的分句为倒装句,正常语序为.but skills are of at least _ importance。实际上是把skills和fitness作对比，强调二者同等重要（equal importance）。句意为“虽然健康的体格是从
23、事体育运动的重要条件，但是掌握技能至少也是同等重要的”。26.in trouble处于困境与 get into trouble意思相近。He is a kind friend to everyone in trouble.他是每一个患难人的好朋友.27.be willing to do sth.愿意干某事willing adj.愿意的,乐意的They are willing to come.他们愿意来。28.turn to 求助于;转向We can turn to him for help.我们可以求助于他。turn to还可以相当于一个不及物动词，意为“努力干，加劲干”。拓展 常见的含tur
24、n的其他短语：turn down 拒不接受;把(音量等)调低turn off 关上turn on 打开turn up 出现从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.I always _ Frank whenever I am in trouble here.A.turn offB.turn toC.turn downD.turn on2.He was poor but proud,and _ every offer of help.A.turned on B.turned toC.turned offD.turned down BD3.Father is sleeping
25、in the next room.Would you please _ the radio?A.turn off B.turn toC.turn up D.turn onA I.用所给词组的适当形式填空。（有多余选项）out of work;as a matter of fact;blow up;in trouble;break the law;be willing to;turn to;put in prison;be far from1.The little girl _ a balloon and threw it into the air.2.The post office is no
26、t _ the library,so you can go to the library after posting the letters.blew upfar from3.When I am _,I always ask my friends for help.4.Mary has been _ for three months,and she is looking for a new job.5.With no one to _ in the dark street,I felt very frightened.6.Dont ask me about the matter._,I kno
27、w nothing about it.in troubleout of workturn toAs a matter of fact7.He was _ for attacking a man with a knife.8.I told them that I _ help them finish the difficult task.was willing toput in prisonII.根据括号内所给的提示翻译下列句子。1.女孩应该与男孩一样享有平等受教育的权利。(equal)2.吉姆在公园遭到了一名男子的袭击，幸运的是，他没有受伤。(attack)Girls should enjoy
28、 equal rights to be educated as boys.Jim was attacked by a man in the park.Luckily,he wasnt injured.3.在过去的十年里中国农村发生了巨大的变化。(sth.see.)The last/past ten years have seen great changes happening in the countryside of China.Translation on Page 701.As a matter of fact,parents dont want their children to be
29、 in trouble.2.After Mandela came to power and became president,his government did their best to change the unfair situation for black people.3.Robert was sentenced to three years in prison for stealing and released a month ago.4.He begged me to let him join the club we have just set up.5.As they wer
30、e out of work,Mr and Mrs Black had to turn to their relatives for help.6.John wanted to give 100 yuan as a reward to the taxi driver who had found his wallet.7.If you fail,you shouldnt lose heartbut just keep on going.8.After the attack,her eyes filled with terror every time she saw a dog.1).为那些遇到麻烦的穷苦人提供咨询服务2).开始上学3).三公里远4).继续支付学费5).担心我是否会失业Homework1.Translate the following phrases or sentences into English:6).过去的三十年7).接受低人一等的事实8).只有这时我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。9).实际上10).被监禁11).炸毁一些政府大楼12).这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。2.P71.Using structures EX.2
