1、高考题型分组训练阅读理解板块训练重细节，练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2018河北石家庄质量检测二)After shopping for deals in stores on Black Friday, or online on Cyber Monday, Americans and people worldwide are preparing for newly popular “Giving Tuesday”. Starting in 2012, now the global event that is celebrated annually on the Tuesday afte
2、r Thanksgiving is the brainchild of 92nd Street Y, a cultural center in New York City and the United Nations Foundation. As the name indicates, Giving Tuesday is meant to restart the charitable season and therefore is observed by raising funds for local nonprofit organizations and schools, organizin
3、g food and clothing drives, and conducting random acts of kindness. In 2015, 700,000 people from 71 countries came together to donate $116.7 million in cash. An additional $1.08 million was spent on gifts.While the easiest way to participate is by donating to your favorite charity, this day can be c
4、elebrated in many other ways too. You can give back by volunteering at your local shelter or food bank, or even by donating blood. If all else fails, a purchase from the growing number of organizations that give a portion of their sales to charity will do the trick.But perhaps the best way to celebr
5、ate the day is those nearest and dearest to you. Assist a family member with a simple chore like folding laundry, cooking dinner, or even reading to a younger sibling. No matter what you do, be sure to share your good deeds on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday as well!语篇解读：
6、除了“黑色星期五”和“网络星期一”，现如今越来越多的美国人开始参加“慈善星期二”。这是2012年才开始流行的一种全球筹款的慈善节日，目的是为一些非营利性组织和学校募集资金。1Which of the following has the shortest history?AGiving Tuesday. BBlack Friday.CThanksgiving Day. DCyber Monday.解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句以及第二句中的Starting in 2012及常识可知，“慈善星期二”开始的时间最晚，历史最短。答案A2Whats the main purpose of “Givin
7、g Tuesday”？ATo make Thanksgiving Day enjoyable.BTo encourage more people to do charities.CTo get voluntary work better known.DTo persuade more people to shop online.解析推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，“慈善星期二”的目的是重启慈善季，为非营利组织和学校筹集资金，也就是鼓励人们做慈善。答案B3Why does the author advise sharing good deeds on social media?ATo keep
8、 a record of ones experience.BTo help people make new friends.CTo make Giving Tuesday more popular.DTo donate money to local schools.解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一句中的“share your good deeds on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday as well”可以判断，作者的目的是想让“慈善星期二”更受欢迎。答案CB(2018全国卷)Adults understand
9、 what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more_is_more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.I found the preholidays a good time to encourage young children to don
10、ate lessused things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money
11、 into her school fund (基金) (our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor). For weeks, Ive been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, d
12、etermined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ballsimple, universally available. We passed it, he tried t
13、o put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch. We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had h
14、is. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us. 语篇解读：文章主要讲述了作者引导孩子主动捐献玩具，并从玩耍少量玩具中获得快乐的做法，从而体现了拥有更少也可以更快乐的生活态度。4What do the words “more is more” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?AThe more, the better. BEnough is enough. CMore money, more worries. DEarn more and spend more.
15、 解析词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第三句中的“help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less”可知，作者希望教会自己的孩子们一个新的理念，即减少物质上的拥有其实也能增加生活中的快乐。从而可推断出这一新的理念与本段第二句中的more is more这一传统的想法对立，即喜欢物质堆积如山的那种充实感，认为物质上拥有越多，生活中就越快乐。答案A5What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?ASaving up for her holiday.BRaisi
16、ng money for a poor girl.CAdding the money to her fund.DGiving the money to a sick mother. 解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund (基金) (our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor)”可知
17、，作者的女儿乔治娅同意卖掉她的个人物品是因为作者答应将卖掉后的钱放入她学校的基金中。答案C6Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?ATo try out an idea. BTo show a parents love.CTo train his attention. DTo help him start a hobby.解析推理判断题。文章第三段第一句至第三句描述了作者思考如何能在生活中让家人习惯需要和使用更少的物质。根据第三段第三句“Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined
18、to test my own theory on this.”可知，作者想验证自己的理念，故可推断出作者和儿子一起玩球的目的是想验证自己的想法。答案A7What can be a suitable title for the text?ATake It or Leave It BA Lesson from KidsCLive More with Less DThe Pleasure of Giving解析主旨大意题。文章第一段作者就开门见山地提出了自己的一个理念：live more with less。文章最后一段最后一句“My little experiment to find joy in
19、 a single object worked for both of us.”描述了作者和孩子在一起的一个小时内只玩一个简单的橡皮球也感到很快乐，从而成功验证了自己的理念。答案CC(2018辽宁大连二中期末)Selfdriving cars are so popular that the University of Michigan has even established a town called Mcity to allow car manufacturers to safely test their autonomous cars.While Mcity can be used to
20、 simulate many reallife road conditions, it cannot help test gestures drivers use to communicate their intention to other drivers, pedestrians or cyclists. To find a solution, the US car manufacturer Ford, with researchers from Virginia Tech, firstly considered using text as a way to communicate the
21、 cars intention, but decided it would probably not work universally. The option of using symbols was also discarded, because research shows that a majority of people do not have a good understanding of what they mean. Finally, the researchers settled on light signals. A white light warned that there
22、 were no humans in the car. A slow blinking one indicated that the car was coming to a stop, while a rapidly flashing light cautioned passersby that the car was about to accelerate.Then came the big challengetesting the signals on the real road. “We needed to try out this new lighting to communicate
23、 the intention of the vehicle, but if youve got a driver behind the seat, you still have natural communication between humans，” said Andy Shaudt, who led the Virginia Tech research team. “So we needed to make it look like a driverless car.”The team designed a car seat costume that the driver would w
24、ear to cover his or her face and upper body. Of course, the drivers could see very clearly. The researchers then equipped the car with cameras to capture human reactions to a light bar on the windshield, which flashed one of the three signals when appropriate. Six drivers, all keeping their hands lo
25、w on the wheel so as not to be detected, took turns to test driving the car through the busy streets.The overall reaction to the flashing lights was very encouraging. Who knew costumes could be useful for more than Halloween?语篇解读：自主驾驶汽车的司机无法用手势同其他司机、行人或骑行者交流自己的意图。福特公司与弗吉尼亚理工大学的研究者们经过实验，用不同的灯光解决了这一问题
26、。8What did the team use as a way to communicate the cars intention?ALight. BLanguage.CSymbols. DSound.解析细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句“Finally, the researchers settled on light signals.”可知，福特公司与弗吉尼亚理工大学的研究者们最终确定用灯光来交流自主驾驶汽车的司机的意图。答案A9What does the underlined word “they” in the second paragraph refer to?ASymbols.
27、BDrivers.CResearchers. DFlashes.解析词义猜测题。文章第二段第三句“The option of using symbols was also discarded, because research shows that a majority of people do not have a good understanding of what they mean.”句意为：使用标志符号的选择也被放弃了，因为研究表明大多数人并不理解这些标志符号的意义。因此A项正确。答案A10What does a rapidly flashing light mean?AThe ca
28、r was coming to a stop.BThere was no driver in the car.CThe car was about to speed up.DThe car was about to slow down.解析细节理解题。从第二段最后一句中的“. a rapidly flashing light cautioned passersby that the car was about to accelerate.”可知，快速闪烁的灯光是警告路人车辆要加速了。因此选C项。答案C11The car seat costume was intended to _.Aamuse
29、 the driver Battract the pedestrianCwarn the cyclists Dconfuse the people解析推理判断题。从第三段中的“. if youve got a driver behind the seat, you still have natural communication between humans”和“So we needed to make it look like a driverless car.”可知，给司机穿上同座椅一样的服装是为了让汽车看起来更像自主驾驶汽车。因此选D项。答案DD(2018清华大学中学生标准学术能力诊断性
30、测试)A 7yearold boy in Ohio tried to sell his toy dog, police in Franklin said. “We heard about the boy from a concerned man who came into the police station and said there was a small child carrying a stuffed animal in a busy street of Franklin，” Franklin Police Officer Steve Dunham said.When officer
31、s went to the area, Dunham spotted the boy in front of a shop and got out of his car to speak with him. “The boy was really nervous at first，” Dunham said. “He told me he was hungry and needed food.”Chief Russ Whitman added the boy said he had not eaten for several days. While other officers went to
32、 the childs home, Dunham took the boy to a fast food restaurant and the two had dinner together.The officers who went to investigate the boys home reported that it was in terrible condition and there were other children there, adding that they found garbage and liquor bottles everywhere. Four other
33、children11, 12, 15 and 17also lived in the house. The parents, who were at home at the time, were each charged with children neglected.Child Protective Services contacted other family members to pick up the boys. The 7yearold watched cartoons at the police station with a policeman for a few hours un
34、til a family member picked him up. The boys parents were not jailed, but the children remained in the care of their relatives, according to Franklin Police. St. Vincent De Paul at St. Marys Church in Franklin is organizing a donation to raise money for the family, according to Whitman.“Im very proud
35、 of my officers for what they did, but officers across the nation go above and beyond every single day，” Whitman said. “You can find stories like this everywhere with police officers every day. Thats why we get into the businessto help people.”语篇解读：富兰克林的警察发现一个男孩要卖玩具狗，原因是他太饿了。经调查，警察发现其家庭条件很糟糕，父母不管孩子。
36、12Why did the 7yearold boy try to sell his toy dog?ABecause he wanted to get money for food.BBecause he was concerned with the police.CBecause he needed to own a stuffed animal.DBecause he had no time to do some cooking.解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He told me he was hungry and needed food.”一句可知，小男孩之所以要卖玩具狗是因为他需要
37、钱买食物吃。答案A13What did Dunham do when other officers went to the boys home?AHe bought the toy from the boy.BHe took the boy to his own home.CHe took the boy to the police station.DHe bought the boy some food.解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While other officers went to the childs home, Dunham took the boy to a fast foo
38、d restaurant and the two had dinner together.”可知，其他警察去小男孩家里时，邓纳姆带着小男孩去快餐店吃饭了。答案D14How many children are there in the boys home?A4. B5.C6. D7.解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Four other children”可知，除去小男孩，他们家里还有4个孩子，总共5个孩子。答案B15What makes Whitman proud?AHelping people in need. BGoing across the nation.CBeginning the b
39、usiness. DFinding the parents guilty.解析细节理解题。根据最后一段“Im very proud of my officers for what they did. Thats why we get into the businessto help people.”可知，他因为警察们能帮助他人而感到骄傲。答案A.七选五阅读填空(2018山东、湖北部分重点中学第三次联考)Reasons to Be Vaccinated(接种过疫苗的)Influenza is more serious than you may think.Influenza claims the
40、 lives of about 100 children in the US every year and hospitalizes approximately 20,000 children annually. About half of children who die from influenza were previously healthy. _1_Influenza can worsen chronic medical conditionsdont put your familys health at risk.Influenza vaccination is especially
41、 important for people with compromised immune systems or certain underlying medical conditions, such as asthma, diabetes, and heart disease. _2_The influenza vaccine is safe and effective.Vaccines are safe and are subject to extensive testing in the US _3_ The influenza vaccine can reduce chances of
42、 getting the flu by 70 to 90 percent and, if someone gets vaccinated but still gets the flu, chances are they will get a less severe case.Given that influenza vaccination is such a safe and easy way to help prevent the flu, why not take advantage of it? Your child doesnt live in a bubble.Children sh
43、are close quarters inside schools and childcare facilities. And lets face ittheir hygiene(卫生)habits are often less than stellar! _4_ Its no wonder more children get influenza every year than people of any other age groups. So when you cant be there to protect your child, the vaccine is there for him
44、/her. _5_ In addition to your primary health care professional, many local hospitals, clinics, pharmacies, retail stores, and even some employers hold vaccination clinics. Use the Flu Vaccine Finder to find a flu vaccine location near you.AGetting your family vaccinated is easy.BVaccinating the fami
45、ly doesnt cost too much.CVaccination is the best way to prevent influenza.DYour child is constantly touching, playing, and sharing with others.EEven the healthiest child whos never had seasonal influenza is at risk.FAnd influenza is the 8thleading cause of death in the US among people of all ages.GI
46、nfluenza can worsen these conditions or cause serious complications in those who have the conditions above.语篇解读：文章主要描述了接种疫苗的原因及其重要性。1解析由小标题可知，流感是很严重的疾病，造成很多孩子的死亡，故F项“致死率排名第八”符合语境。答案F2解析根据设空处前一句可知，流感疫苗对于哮喘、糖尿病和心脏病等患者尤其重要可以推断，流感病毒对于这类患者危害更大。故选项G“流感会恶化这些患者的病情或造成严重的并发症”符合语境。答案G3解析该部分的小标题为“流感疫苗安全有效”。由设空处前一句“在美国，疫苗十分安全并接受了广泛的检验。”和后一句中的“流感疫苗可降低70%90%的患病概率”可知，C项“接种疫苗是预防流感最好的方式”符合语境。答案C4解析该部分的小标题为“你的孩子并没有与世隔绝。”根据设空处前一句“孩子们的卫生习惯很不理想”可推断出，该空应主要描述孩子们在一起时的卫生习惯。故选项D“你的孩子总是和其他孩子在一起接触、玩耍和分享”符合语境。答案D5解析根据设空处后一句内容可知，除了在主要的专业医护中心，你还可以在很多当地医院、诊所、药房、零售商店等地方接种疫苗，所以A项“让你的家人接种流感疫苗十分简单”符合语境。答案A
