1、山西省运城市2021届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。2.答题时使用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。5.听力部分满分30分，不计入总分。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5
2、小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例如: How much is the shirt?A.19. 15. B.9. 15. C.9. 18.答案是B。1. Where is the man?A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a waiting room.2. What will the woman probably do this coming Sunda
3、y?A. Study for a test. B. Call on her friend. C. Go on a picnic.3. How many invitations in total does the woman have to send?A. Five. B. Ten. C. Fifteen.4. What did Oliver do last weekend?A. He was at a meeting. B. He went to New York. C. He watched a football match.5. What is the relationship betwe
4、en the two speakers?A. Waiter and customer. B. Host and guest. C. Salesman and customer.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Whats wrong with the man?A. He has headaches. B. He has a run
5、ny nose. C. He has a temperature.7. When did the problem begin?A. Two weeks ago. B. Two months ago. C. Three months ago.听第7段材料，回答第8和9题。8. Where has Barbara been?A. Milan. B. Florence. C. Rome.9. What has Barbara got in her suitcase?A. Shoes. B. Stones. C. Books.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What is the probl
6、em with the womans watch?A. It needs cleaning. B. It is ruined by water. C. It needs a new battery.11. What does the shop offer if the woman changes a battery there?A. A free battery. B. One-year guarantee. C. Free cleaning service.12. Why cant the woman have her watch repaired right away?A. The man
7、 cant fix it at the moment.B. The woman doesnt have enough money on her.C. There is no right battery in the shop now.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a supermarket. B. In a department store. C. In a restaurant.14. Why is the man nervous?A. Because this
8、is his first time to China.B. Because he knows nothing about Chinese table manners.C. Because he doesnt know whether he likes Chinese food or not.15. Whats the rule of table manners the woman tells the man to obey?A. To make himself at home.B. To learn to use chopsticks.C. To choose less strong wine
9、s.16. What does the man have dinner with?A. Chopsticks. B. A knife and fork. C. A spoon.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What animals can be seen in the aquarium?A. Sharks. B. Whales. C. Polar bears.18. What food can the visitors give the monkeys to eat?A. Specially prepared food. B. Sweet biscuits. C. Fruits.
10、19. Where do more than 300 species of birds come from?A. South Africa. B. South America. C. Southeast Asia.20. Who can help the visitors if they have any questions?A. The speaker. B. The friendly feeders. C. The people at the information desk.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个
11、选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。ABringing Goods into the UKYou are allowed to bring some goods for personal use without paying tax or duty.Arrivals from EU countriesYou can bring goods from EU countries without being charged tax or duty if they are:transported by yourself; a gift or for personal use; bought wi
12、th tax and duty includedYou can bring alcohol and tobacco from EU countries without restriction but an inquiry might be required depending on the amount of your goods.Arrivals from outside the EUYou will be free of duty or tax on certain amounts of goods brought from outside the EU, as long as they
13、are for your own use. Any goods that are beyond your allowance should be declared.Alcohol & tobacco allowanceType of goodsCigarettesCigarsTobaccoBeerWine(nmtsparking wine)SpiritsAlcoholic drinksAmount20050250 grams16 litres4 litres1 litres2 litresThere are no duty-free allowances for tobacco or alco
14、hol if youre under 17.Allowance for other goods:The maximum value of other goods you can bring is 390. Any single item that is worth more than the allowance will be charged duty or tax on its full value.The rate of duty or tax on items above the allowance is:2.5% for goods worth up to 630;decided by
15、 the type of goods worth above 630-check by calling the VAT, Customs and Excise Helpline.Inside the UK; 0300 200 3700Outside the UK: +44 2920 501 261Working time: 8 am to 6 pm, Monday to Friday,Banned and restricted goodsGoods banned include:illegal drugs; offensive weapons; endangered animal and pl
16、ant species;meat and dairy products from most non-EU countries.Food and plant products restricted include;products containing pests and diseases;products grown outside the EU;products not for your own use.We reserve the right to seize the goods which are on suspicion of violating intellectual proper
17、ty rights.1. Which of the following products from outside the EU has the largest duty-free allowance?A. Beer.B. Wine (not sparkling wine).C. Spirits.D. Alcoholic drinks.2. How much tax shall one coming from China pay for a ring bought in America worth 500?A. 2. 75B. 12.5C. 110.D. 130.3. Which of the
18、 following items shall be banned or restricted?A. A set of Russian dolls.B. A bottle of French wine.C. A brick of Australian cheese.D. A package of Spanish cigarettes.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇关于能够带入英国物品的说明，包括可以带入的物品、要被征税的物品和烟酒类产品的起征额度等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Alcohol & tobacco allowance 表格中“Beer：1
19、6 litres(啤酒：16升)”是所有商品中数额最大的，故“啤酒”这种来自欧盟以外的产品有最大的免税额度。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据 “The rate of duty or tax on items above the allowance is: 2.5% for goods worth up to 630(超过免税额的物品的税率为：630英镑以下的商品价格为2.5%)”可知，一个来自中国的人在美国买一枚价值500英镑的戒指要交税500*2.5%=12.5英镑。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Goods banned include: meat and dairy prod
20、ucts from most non-EU countries.(禁止的商品包括：来自大多数非欧盟国家的肉类和奶制品)”可知，澳大利亚奶酪砖会被禁止带入。故选C。BFrancisco Fernandez died after falling off a motorbike. The 45-year-old was a beloved community figure. But with a public-facing job and a spot on his lung, he was considered a possible COVID-19 carrier. A doctor order
21、ed his family to bury him quickly, against Philippine tradition, and all eight people who lived with him were put under a 14-day quarantine(隔离)in their crowded home.Yet when Anthony Cortez, the doctor who had ordered the rushed burial and quarantine, arrived to check on the Fernandez family, none of
22、 them expressed anger. Instead, faces lit up and the kids waved eagerly.Cortez, the only community doctor in Bambang, has overseen their medical care for years. They trust him, and he makes them laugh. The family gathered outside to have their temperatures taken by the doctor. When the kids tried to
23、 give Cortez high fives for not having a fever, the 56-year-old, in a surgical mask, face shield, and rubber gloves, showed air fives instead. For the 56 000 people living in Bambang, Cortez is their primary caregiver and the first responder.When the first coronavirus(冠状病毒)case in the Philippines wa
24、s confirmed on January 30, the towns response fell to Cortez. He and Mayor Pepito Balgos decided to take action based on science that, if necessary, would go beyond national restrictions. Cortez and Balgos are sharply aware of the threat the virus poses to Bambang, which sits in a valley surrounded
25、by mountains. Anyone going south to Manila or north toward the rest of the country ends up passing through Bambang.Cortez quickly set up a system of contact tracing. Using information from the towns 25 villages, he made a list of all the people who had traveled to other countries, and placed them un
26、der strict home quarantine. Anyone with symptoms would be moved to a center set up in the mountains. So far that center has remained empty.It is safer to assume that everybody is positive, he explained.4. What is Cortez reaction to the death of Francisco Fernandez?A. Expressing his sympathy.B. Drown
27、ing himself into mourn.C. Showing professional sensitivity.D. Following the tradition.5. On what basis does Cortez take strict measures to protect Bambang?A Its geographic character.B. Its lack of medical staff.C. Its large population.D. The demand of the nation.6. What can be inferred about the con
28、tact tracing system by Cortez?A. It is totally a waste of effort.B. It is complained about by local people.C. It is praised by higher authorities.D. It is effective as a protective means.7. Where is this text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A novel.C. A magazine.D. A biography.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C
29、【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了乡村医生Cortez针对村民感染新冠病毒的现状，结合国家疫情防控形势和村子的地理特征，果断采取措施，降低村民感染率的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。由第一段内容尤其是最后一句“A doctor ordered his family to bury him quickly, against Philippine tradition, and all eight people who lived with him were put under a 14-day quarantine(隔离) in their crowded home.”可知，Cortez依据死者的死
30、亡检查报告和疫情情况，迅速做出反应并立即对死者的家人采取隔离措施。由此可推知，Cortez展现出了他的职业敏感性。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第四段最后两句“Cortez and Balgos are sharply aware of the threat the virus poses to Bambang, which sits in a valley surrounded by mountains. Anyone going south to Manila or north toward the rest of the country ends up passing throug
31、h Bambang.”可知，Bambang地处交通要道，Cortez意识到疫情可能会对它产生影响，决定采取严格的防控措施。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由倒数第二段最后两句“Anyone with symptoms would be moved to a center set up in the mountains. So far that center has remained empty.” 可知，任何出现了症状的人都会被送往山区的隔离点，而现在山区的隔离点还没有人。由此可推知，Cortez建立的接触追踪系统是有效的。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了乡村医生C
32、ortez投身于新冠病毒防控的故事。由此可推知，本文很有可能选自杂志。故选C项。CWith the weather getting hot, bites caused by mosquitoes not only annoy people, but can result in many infectious diseases. Even when people wear long clothes, mosquitoes complex biting mechanism enables them to bite some of them through.It would be great if
33、clothing could be used to completely prevent people from getting bitten. Researchers tested graphene (石墨烯), a material that is incredibly thin but really strong, in order to find out if it can make clothing resistant to mosquitoes.In the lab experiment, volunteers exposed a small patch of skin on th
34、eir arm or hand to roughly 100 mosquitoes for five minutes at a time. Researchers tested three different situations: volunteers wearing no protection, wearing cheesecloth (薄纱棉布), or wearing cheesecloth plus a thin graphene layer under it.A video camera was then used to record and quantify mosquitoes
35、 behavior, including whether they landed on the skin, how long they stayed there, and whether they began to draw blood. The number of bites each volunteer got was also calculated based on how many swellings developed on their skin afterward. Finally, researchers dropped a little water or sweat on to
36、p of the graphene layer and studied the consequence, and they also tested a slightly different graphene layer called reduced graphene.As a result, the number of mosquito bites on naked skin was the highest, about 16 on average; skin only protected by cheesecloth got the second, approximately 10 per
37、five minutes exposure. The exciting finding was that there was no swelling developing on skin covered by the thin graphene layer under cheesecloth, which means the material is effective at preventing mosquito bites. The mosquitoes landed on skin totally uncovered or covered in cheesecloth about 23 t
38、imes on average, and stayed for one to two minutes. Comparatively, the mosquitoes landed on skin covered in the graphene layer fewer than 10 times, and the length of their stay was much shorter. Besides, water or sweat can ruin the graphene layer, which allows mosquitoes to bite through it. But fort
39、unately, the number of mosquito bites in either dry or wet conditions can be lowered as long as the graphene material is improved to a certain extent.8. Why did researchers conduct the experiment?A. To record the behavior of mosquitoes.B. To find a substance to prevent mosquito bites.C. To find a so
40、lution to stop infectious diseases.D. To test graphenes effectiveness in preventing mosquito bites.9. What does the underlined word draw in Pargraph 4 probably mean?A. bleedB. loseC. testD. suck10. In which way did researchers draw a conclusion?A. By analyzing the reasons.B. By comparing the statist
41、ics.C. By classifying three situations.D. By recording mosquitoes behavior.11. Which of the following shows how the text is developed?A. Cause-effect.B. Opinion-fact.C. Assumption-conclusion.D. Phenomenon-evaluation.【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述科学家们通过研究发现石墨烯制成的衣服在应对蚊虫叮咬方面有一定的效果。【8题详解】细节理
42、解题。根据第二段“It would be great if clothing could be used to completely prevent people from getting bitten. Researchers tested graphene (石墨烯), a material that is incredibly thin but really strong, in order to find out if it can make clothing resistant to mosquitoes.（如果衣服能完全防止人们被咬，那就太好了。研究人员测试了石墨烯，一种非常薄但非
43、常结实的材料，以确定它是否能使衣服抵抗蚊子。）”可知，研究者做这个实验的目的是测试石墨烯预防蚊虫叮咬的有效性。故选D。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“A video camera was then used to record and quantify mosquitoes behavior, including whether they landed on the skin, how long they stayed there, and whether they began to draw blood（然后用一台摄像机记录和量化蚊子的行为，包括它们是否落在皮肤上，停留多长时间，
44、以及它们是否开始吸血。）和常识可知，蚊子停留在人的皮肤上目的就是吸血，由此可知，此处draw的意思是suck “吸”。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“As a result, the number of mosquito bites on naked skin was the highest, about 16 on average; skin only protected by cheesecloth got the second, approximately 10 per five minutes exposure. （结果，蚊子叮咬裸露皮肤的次数最多，平均约16次;只有粗
45、棉布保护的皮肤得到第二，大约每5分钟10次。）和“The mosquitoes landed on skin totally uncovered or covered in cheesecloth about 23 times on average, and stayed for one to two minutes. （这些蚊子平均有23次降落在没有遮盖的皮肤上，或者被纱布覆盖，停留1到2分钟。）”可推知，研究者们通过比较数据得出结论的。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“It would be great if clothing could be used to complete
46、ly prevent people from getting bitten. （如果衣服能被用来完全防止人们被叮咬，那就太好了。）”和最后一段“But fortunately, the number of mosquito bites in either dry or wet conditions can be lowered as long as the graphene material is improved to a certain extent.（但幸运的是，只要石墨烯材料在一定程度上得到改善，无论是干燥还是潮湿条件下，蚊子叮咬的次数都可以降低。）”可得知，本文通过先提出假设再得出结
47、论的方式来介绍本文内容的。故选C。DChinese scientists have used lasers to accurately identify space debris in the Earths orbit.The team applied a specially developed set of rules to laser-ranging telescopes, which enabled them to identify space junk more effectively than previous techniques. “After improving the poi
48、nting accuracy of the telescope through a neural network, space debris with a cross sectional area of one square meter at a distance of 1,500 kilometers can he detected,” Tianming Ma, an author of the study from the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, said in a statement.According to NASA, orb
49、ital debris is any man-made object in orbit around the Earth that no longer serves a useful function. Debris can include non-functional spacecraft, abandoned launch vehicle stages, and other mission-related space junk. It poses a significant risk to astronauts and spacecraft in orbit above the Earth
50、 as it travels very fast-up to 18, 000 miles per hour, which is faster than a bullet. Worryingly, there are estimated to be many millions of tiny debris pieces in low-Earth orbit, and tens of thousands times larger than a softball, the space agency said. Fortunately, there have been surprisingly few
51、 collisions.In the study, Ma and his team used two different neural networks to help identify space debris with the laser-ranging telescope. They then tested this method against more traditional techniques. According to the team, this is the first time that neural networks have been used to signific
52、antly improve the pointing accuracy of a laser-ranging telescope. They say the latest findings could have significant implications for manoeuvring spacecraft in orbit.Laser-ranging technology has previously been used to detect space junk. However, these systems have limitations when it comes to accu
53、rately identifying small, fast-moving pieces. In fact, previous laser-ranging methods have only been accurate to about 0.6 miles. In an attempt to overcone the inaccuracies of laser-ranging techniques, the Chinese team used so-called neural networks to improve the effectiveness of their telescope sy
54、stem. Neural networks are computing systems which are inspired by biological networks in the brain and have the ability to learn to become better at tasks without being given a specific set of rules to follow.12. How have Chinese scientists made progress in identifying space debris?A. By improving t
55、he accuracy of laser technology.B. By adopting newly developed telescope systems.C. By upgrading the advanced traditional technology.D. By applying neural networks to laser-ranging telescopes.13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The introduction to orbital debris.B. The advantages of neural netwo
56、rk.C. The threat of space junk to the Earth.D. The importance of detecting space debris.14. What is the purpose of the fourth paragraph?A. To add some background information.B. To provide some advice for scientists.C. To summarize the previous paragraphs.D. To introduce a new topic for discussion.15
57、. What do we know about neural networks from the last paragraph?A. They can speed up computing systems.B. They can learn to perform better independently.C. They can detect space junk in low-Earth orbit.D. They can perform tasks accurately under a set of rules.【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。
58、主要说明了中国科学家已经使用激光精确识别了地球轨道上空间碎片。文章对这项技术进行了简单说明，介绍了轨道碎片的相关知识以及这项研究的一些背景知识。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The team applied a specially developed set of rules to laser-ranging telescopes, which enabled them to identify space junk more effectively than previous techniques. After improving the pointing accuracy of th
59、e telescope through a neural network, space debris with a cross sectional area of one square meter at a distance of 1,500 kilometers can he detected, Tianming Ma, an author of the study from the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, said in a statement.(该团队将一套专门开发的规则应用于激光测距望远镜，使他们能够比以往的技术更有效地识别太
60、空垃圾。通过神经网络提高望远镜的指向精度后，在1500公里的距离上，横截面面积为1平方米的空间碎片就可以被他发现。来自中国测绘科学院的研究作者马天明说)”可知，在太空碎片识别方面，中国科学家通过将神经网络应用于激光测距望远镜从而取得了进展。故选D。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“According to NASA, orbital debris is any man-made object in orbit around the Earth that no longer serves a useful function. Debris can include non-functional
61、 spacecraft, abandoned launch vehicle stages, and other mission-related space junk. It poses a significant risk to astronauts and spacecraft in orbit above the Earth as it travels very fast-up to 18, 000 miles per hour, which is faster than a bullet. Worryingly, there are estimated to be many millio
62、ns of tiny debris pieces in low-Earth orbit, and tens of thousands times larger than a softball, the space agency said. Fortunately, there have been surprisingly few collisions.(根据美国国家航空航天局的说法，轨道碎片是指在地球轨道上的人造物体，它们不再有任何有用的功能。碎片包括无法使用的航天器、废弃的运载火箭级和其他与任务相关的太空垃圾。它的速度高达每小时1.8万英里，比子弹还快，这对地球上空轨道上的宇航员和航天器构成
63、了重大风险。令人担忧的是，据估计近地轨道上有数以百万计的微小碎片，比垒球大数万倍，航天局说。所幸的是，碰撞事件出奇的少)”可知，第三段的主要内容是介绍轨道碎片。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段内容“In the study, Ma and his team used two different neural networks to help identify space debris with the laser-ranging telescope. They then tested this method against more traditional techniques.
64、According to the team, this is the first time that neural networks have been used to significantly improve the pointing accuracy of a laser-ranging telescope. They say the latest findings could have significant implications for manoeuvring spacecraft in orbit.(在这项研究中，马和他的团队使用两种不同的神经网络来帮助激光测距望远镜识别空间碎
65、片。然后，他们用更传统的技术来测试这种方法。据该团队称，这是神经网络首次被用于显著提高激光测距望远镜的指向精度。他们表示，最新的发现可能对操纵轨道上的航天器具有重大意义)”可推知，第四段主要介绍了一些这项研究背景，即第四段的目的是补充一些背景信息。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Neural networks are computing systems which are inspired by biological networks in the brain and have the ability to learn to become better at tasks wi
66、thout being given a specific set of rules to follow.(神经网络是一种计算系统，它受到大脑中生物网络的启发，有能力在没有特定规则遵循的情况下学习并更好地完成任务)”可知，神经网络可以学会更好地独立完成任务。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to congratulate someoneJoyful time goes hand in hand with congratulations. When you address graduates,
67、 newly-weds, or anyone with good news, a hearty Congratulations! is in order. To send congratulations more effectively, youd better obey the following three tips._16_When there is something to celebrate, dont skirt around the issue. Explain why you congratulate the person right off the bat._17_Besid
68、es, you should set the right tone and send congratulations with the right words to share in the persons happiness more easily.Express how you feel about the subject._18_For instance, you may say that you adore the person who tries hard to achieve his or her goal, or merely say Im so happy for you. R
69、emember that your tone of voice can really carry weight._19_Try to make your congratulations sincere. You ought to make your words and actions heartfelt, for whatever reason you send congratulations to someone. Surely there will be moments when your compliments are not given from the bottom of your
70、heart._20_Remind yourself to congratulate other people rather than nursing jealousy, because there may come a time when its your turn to be in the spotlight.A. Spread the word.B. Be as expressive as you can.C. Bring up the subject.D. But youd better be as generous as possible.E. You can also tell hi
71、m or her how you heard the news if necessary.F. You feel forced to congratulate someone when you are not really happy for them.G. You can further convey your feelings appropriately after saying “congratulations.”【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。短文介绍了了如何祝贺别人的三个技巧。【详解】1.根据选项位置以及第二段中“Whe
72、n there is something to celebrate, dont skirt around the issue.”当有什么值得庆祝的时候，不要回避这个问题。可知，在有值得庆祝的事情时，不要回避话题，即我们要提出这个话题。选项C.“Bring up the subject”提起话题，可以概括本段。故选C。2.根据前文“ Explain why you congratulate the person right off the bat.”解释一下你为什么要马上祝贺那个人。选项E.“You can also tell him or her how you heard the news
73、if necessary.”如果有必要，你也可以告诉他或她，你是怎么听到这个消息的。是对上文的解释，故选E。3.根据前文“Express how you feel about the subject.”表达你对这个话题的感受。可知，接下来为阐述你对这件事情的感受。选项G.“You can further convey your feelings appropriately after saying “congratulations.”你可以在说完”恭喜”之后，再进一步表达你的感受。是对前文的补充和延续，符合文意，故选G。4.上文提到“Remember that your tone of voi
74、ce can really carry weight”记住你的语气要有分量，所以在表达情感时要注意语气，尽量表现出来，选项B.“Be as expressive as you can.”尽可能的表现出来。符合文意，故选B。5.结合上文提到“Surely there will be moments when your compliments are not given from the bottom of your heart.”当然，有些时候你的赞美不是发自内心的选项与上文为转折关系。选项D.“But youd better be as generous as possible.”但你最好尽量
75、慷慨一点。呼应主题句“ 尽量使你的祝贺真诚”。故选D。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。On a chilly day in February 2012, two Russian hunters discovered a limp bundle of fur lying in the snow. It was an orphaned cub! The cub hadnt eaten in days, and was_21_enough for
76、the hunters just to pick her up. Dr. Dale Miquelle, director of the Wildlife Conservation Societys Russia Program, said, A healthy tiger cub, even a three-month-old one, would give you reason to_22_before you stuck your hand too close to its teeth and claws. But this cut) had no_23_left in her.The h
77、unters wrapped the cub in a coat and_24_her to a local wildlife inspector, Andrey Oryol. Over the following weeks, Oryol_25_the orphaned cub back to health. But now he had a new problem: What could he do with an_26_three-month-old tiger?The cub was an Amur tiger_27_a small number of Amur tigers rema
78、ined in the wild, so scientists wanted to return_28_cubs to their natural habitat. The orphaned cut) was taken to a new wildlife center. The center was designed for raising wild animals without_29_them to people. It uses hidden cameras and covered fences to keep workers out of_30_. That way, the ani
79、mals dont become_31_on humans.The cub, now named Cinderella, became the centers first tiger. Over the next year, she grew into a big, healthy tigress. In the center, she learned to hunt. By the spring of 2013, experts agreed she was_32_to return to the wild.They chose the perfect new_33_for their ti
80、ger princess: the Bastak Nature Reserve. During the next two years, researchers watched Cinderellas_34_. They set up cameras to snap photos. When Cinderella passed in front of one of these camera_35_, it took her picture. Cinderella not only_36_, but grew healthy and strong.Then, in December 2015, t
81、he cameras_37_exciting news: Cinderella had become a mother! For the first time ever, a tiger that humans had_38_and returned to the wild had given birth to two cubs of her own.Tigers are some of the most admired animals on our planet, but they are also_39_. Thanks to the work of conservationists li
82、ke Dr. Miquelle, there is new_40_for these magnificent cats.21. A. lazyB. paleC. hungryD. weak22. A. pauseB. hurtC. wonderD. hide23. A. mercyB. effortC. fightD. will24. A. reportedB. returnedC. guidedD. delivered25. A. taughtB. nursedC. pulledD. trained26. A. energeticB. intelligentC. excitedD. amaz
83、ing27. A. AlmostB. StillC. EvenD. Only28. A. newly-bornB. huntedC. woundedD. rescued29. A. exposingB. sendingC. offeringD. selling30. A. placeB. orderC. sightD. mind31. A. dependentB. defensiveC. concentratedD. keen32. A. welcomeB. interestedC. eagerD. ready33. A. continentB. neighborhoodC. borderD.
84、 habitat34. A. progressB. reactionC. appearanceD. figure35. A. typesB. trapsC. shotsD. scenes36. A. succeededB. survivedC. recoveredD. explored37. A. editedB. expectedC. preparedD. revealed38. A. witnessedB. tradedC. raisedD. examined39. A. dominatedB. endangeredC. preservedD. stressed40. A. passion
85、B. homeC. hopeD. help【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了在2012年2月两个猎人救下了一只虚弱的老虎幼崽，交给当地的野生动物检查员，人们照顾并养育了这只名为Cinderella 的老虎，并最终将她放归到了Bastak自然保护区里，2015年12 月，有史以来第一次， Cinderella这只被人类养大并返回野外的老虎生下了两只幼崽。
86、【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只幼崽已经几天没吃东西了，身体已经很虚弱了，猎手们只能把它抱起来。A. lazy懒惰的；B. pale苍白的；C. sleepy 困倦的；D. weak虚弱的。根据上文“The cub hadnt eaten in days”可知幼崽好几天没吃东西，很虚弱。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一只健康的老虎幼崽，即使是三个月大的幼崽，在你把手离它的牙齿和爪子太近之前，都会让你有理由停下来。A. pause暂停；B. hurt损害；C. wonder想知道；D. hide隐藏。结合上文“A healthy tiger cub, even a t
87、hree-month-old one, would give you reason to”可知一只健康的老虎幼崽即使是三个月大也很具有攻击性，人会在手靠近它的牙齿之前停下来。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这只幼崽已经无力反抗了。A. mercy仁慈；B. effort努力；C. fight反抗，斗争；D. will 意志。结合上文“the hunters just to pick her up”可知这只幼崽很虚弱，已经无力反抗只能让猎手把它抱起来。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：猎人们用大衣把幼崽包裹起来，交给当地的野生动物检查员Andrey Oryol。A.
88、reported报道；B. returned 返回；C. guided指导；D. delivered交给，递送。结合后文“her to a local wildlife inspector, Andrey Oryol”可知是将这只幼崽交给当地的野生动物检查员Andrey Oryol。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几周里，Oryol照料着这只孤儿幼崽，使其恢复了健康。A. taught教；B. nursed照料；C. pulled 拉；D. trained训练。结合后文“the orphaned cub back to health”可知Oryol照料着这只孤儿幼崽，使
89、其恢复了健康。故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但现在他有了一个新问题：他该拿这只三个月大的精力充沛的老虎怎么办呢？A. energetic精力充沛的；B. intelligent聪明的； C. excited激动的；D. amazing令人惊异的。上文“the orphaned cub back to health”提到幼崽恢复了健康，因此现在是精力充沛的。其他选项不符合语境。故选A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：目前野外只有很少的老虎了，因此科学家们希望将获救的幼崽送回它们的自然栖息地。A. Almost差不多；B. Still仍然； C. Even甚至；D. Onl
90、y只，仅仅。结合后文“a small number of Amur tigers remained in the wild”可知野外的东北虎只有很少的数量了。故选 D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前野外只有很少的老虎了，因此科学家们希望将获救的幼崽送回它们的自然栖息地。A. newly-born新生的；B. hunted被捕猎的；C. wounded受伤的；D. rescued获救的。结合上文可知这只幼崽是被人类救下的。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个中心是为饲养野生动物而设计的，不让它们暴露在人类面前。A. exposing接触，暴露；B. sending邮寄
91、； C. offering提供；D. selling出售。结合后文It uses hidden cameras and covered fences to keep workers out of 可知这个野生动物中心为野生动物而设计的，不让它们暴露在人类面前。expose to“暴露于”。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它使用隐蔽的摄像头和覆盖的围栏来防止工人被发现。A. place地方；B. order 命令；C. sight视力；D. mind思维。野生动物中心使用隐蔽的摄像头和覆盖的围栏来防止工人被发现。短语out of sight“看不见，在视野之外”。故选C。【31题详
92、解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样，动物就不会依赖人类。A. dependent 依赖的，依靠的；B. defensive自卫的；C. concentrated集中的；D. keen渴望的。野生动物中心不让动物接触人类，是为了避免动物依赖人类。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到2013年春天，专家们认为它已经准备好返回野外了。A. welcome受欢迎的；B. interested 感兴趣的；C. eager热切的；D. ready准备好的。结合后文for their tiger princess: the Bastak Nature Reserve. 可知专家们认为Cinde
93、rella已经准备好返回野外了，所以他们为Cinderella选择了自然保护区放生。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们为他们的老虎公主选择了一个完美的新栖息地：Bastak自然保护区。A. continent大陆；B. neighborhood 邻居；C. border边界；D. habitat栖息地。结合上文“cubs to their natural habitat”以及后文“the Bastak Nature Reserve ”可知Bastak自然保护区是Cinderella的新栖息地。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，研
94、究人员观察了Cinderella的进步。A. progress进步；B. reaction 反应；C. appearance外貌；D. figure人物。结合后文“but grew healthy and strong”可知研究人员观察了Cinderella的进步。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Cinderella经过一个相机捕捉器前时，相机拍下了她照片。A. types类型；B. traps陷阱；C. shots射击；D. scenes场景。根据上文“They set up cameras to snap photos.”以及后文“it took her picture”可
95、知此处指用来给Cinderella 拍照的相机捕捉器。故选B。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cinderella不仅活了下来，而且变得健康强壮。A. succeeded成功；B. survived幸存；C. recovered 恢复；D. explored探索。结合后文“but grew healthy and strong”可知Cinderella不仅活了下来，而且变得健康强壮。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2015年12月，镜头透露了一个激动人心的消息：Cinderella 当妈妈了!A. edited编辑；B. expected期待；C. prepared 准备；
96、 D. revealed透露。结合后文“exciting news: Cinderella had become a mother!”可知此处指镜头透露了Cinderella 当妈妈了的消息。故选D。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有史以来第一次，一只被人类养大并返回野外的老虎生下了两只幼崽。A. witnessed目击；B. traded交易；C. raised 养育；D. examined检查。结合上文内容可知Cinderella被人类救了，并被人类养大。故选C 。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老虎是地球上最受尊敬的动物之一，但它们也濒临灭绝。A. dominated占主导
97、地位的；B. endangered濒临灭绝的；C. preserved保藏的；D. stressed紧张的。根据第三段中“a small number of Amur tigers remained in the wild”可知野外老虎的数量很少，它们濒临灭绝。故选B。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了Miquelle博士等自然资源保护主义者的努力，这些美丽的大猫才有了新的希望。A. passion激情；B. home家；C. hope 希望；D. help帮助。结合上文“Thanks to the work of conservationists like Dr. Miquelle
98、”可知有了Miquelle博士等自然资源保护主义者的努力，这些美丽的大猫才有了新的希望。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。CHANGCHUN, Oct. 21 (Xinhua)-Chinese train maker CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. on Wednesday rolled out_41_ new type of high-speed train_42_ can run on different rail systems.The tra
99、in, with a standard speed of 400 km per hour, has been developed to cope_43_ different rail systems on international routes,_44_ (make) international rail travel more convenient.The company said the train can operate in temperatures between minus 50 degrees Celsius_45_ 50 degrees Celsius, and can al
100、so operate under different traction power supply systems and railway transportation standards of different countries._46_ (base) on the prototype and technology, the company is ready to take orders for customized high-speed trains and train products according to the technical standards and operation
101、al requirements of various regions of the world.There are_47_ (current) four main railway track standards around the world. When ordinary trains run between countries with different gauges, they need to replace their train bogies, which takes time and effort.As the new CRRC train_48_ (equip) with ga
102、uge-changing bogies, it can change_49_ (it) rail mode during cross-border travel, greatly improving the_50_ (efficient) of travel across rail systems.【答案】41. a 42. which / that 43. with 44. making 45. and 46. Based 47. currently 48. is equipped 49. its 50. efficiency【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国列车制造商中国中车长春轨道
103、车辆有限公司周三推出了一款新型高速列车，该车可以在不同的轨道系统上运行，极大地提高了跨进形势的效率。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：新华社长春10月21日电中国列车制造商中国中车长春轨道车辆有限公司周三推出了一款新型高速列车，它可以在不同的轨道系统上运行。根据名词type可知此处要用不定冠词，表示“一款”，且new是以辅音音素发音开头的单词，应用a。故填a。【42题详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：新华社长春10月21日电中国列车制造商中国中车长春轨道车辆有限公司周三推出了一款新型高速列车，可以在不同的轨道系统上运行。此处是一个定语从句，先行词为train，指物，由定语从句缺少主语，可知此处要
104、用关系代词which / that。故填which / that。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：该列车的标准速度为每小时400公里，是为了适应国际航线上不同的铁路系统而开发的，使国际铁路旅行更加方便。短语cope with“处理，应付”，是固定搭配。故填with。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该列车的标准速度为每小时400公里，是为了适应国际航线上不同的铁路系统而开发的，使国际铁路旅行更加方便。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，此处表自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：该公司表示，该列车可以在零下50摄氏度到50摄氏度的温
105、度下运行，还可以在不同国家的不同牵引供电系统和铁路运输标准下运行。分析可知，此处 between minus 50 degrees Celsius和50 degrees Celsius表示并列关系，因此用and，短语between.and.“在.和.之间”。故填and。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：公司以原型和技术为基础，根据世界各地的技术标准和运行要求，承接定制的高速列车和列车产品的订单。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，base和the company之间是逻辑动宾关系，故此处要用过去分词。故填Based。【47题详解】考查副词。句意：目前世界上有四种主要的铁路轨道标准。根据谓
106、语动词There are可知此处要用副词作状语。故填currently。【48题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：由于中国中车列车配备了变轨转架，可以在跨境行驶时改变轨道模式，大大提高了跨轨行驶的效率。由上文可知时态是一般现在时，设空处为原因状语从句的谓语动词，主语the new CRRC train与equip之间是被动关系，故要用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用is。故填is equipped。【49题详解】考查代词。句意：由于中国中车列车配备了变轨转架，可以在跨境行驶时改变轨道模式，大大提高了跨轨行驶的效率。根据名词rail mode 可知，此处要用形容词性代词，作定语。故填its
107、。【50题详解】考查名词。句意：由于中国中车列车配备了变轨转架，可以在跨境行驶时改变轨道模式，大大提高了跨轨行驶的效率。根据冠词the，可知此处要用名词作improve的宾语，efficiency“效率”是不可数名词。故填efficiency。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词
108、下画一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Tom,Im glad to hear that you are considering make up with Peter. If I am you, I would consider a bike as a birthday present for him.As far as I know Peter is always in poor health, so he should take more exercises by riding a bik
109、e to have his body build up. In the meanwhile, you can often go out by bike together, which is helpful on rebuilding your friendship. Besides, taking a bike is environmentally-friendly means of transport. Its convenient to get around as well. Apart from giving him a gift, and you can also adopt othe
110、r means, such as traveling, seeing a movie, having dinner and going shopping. No matter how you do, being sincere was the most important. Dont hesitate, and try to take action. I really hope that we can make up and be good friends forever.Yours,Li Hua【答案】1.makemaking2.amwere3.exercisesexercise4.buil
111、dbuilt5.onin6.在 environmentally-friendly加an7.去掉and8.howwhat9.wasis10.weyou【解析】分析】这是一篇应用文。作者给自己的朋友如何和彼特和好提出了一些建议。【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：听说你考虑和彼得和好，我很高兴。consider 为动词，意为“仔细考虑；细想”，后面接动名词作宾语。所以此处应用 make 的动名词形式 making。故将 make改为making。2. 考查 if 引导的虚拟条件句。句意：如果我是你，我会考虑把自行车当作生日礼物送给他。这里是 if 引导的虚拟条件句，与现在事实相反时，从句为 if
112、+ 主语 + 动词过去式，其中 be 动词一般用 were。故将 am改为were。3. 考查名词。句意：据我所知，彼得的健康状况一直不好，所以他应该多做运动，骑自行车锻炼身体。exercise 意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词，没有复数形式。根据句意，故将 exercises改为exercise。4. 考查固定搭配。句意同上。“have + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”为固定搭配，且 body 与 build up 之间构成被动关系，所以此处应用 build 的过去分词形式 built。故将 build改为built。5.考查固定搭配。句意：同时，你们可以经常一起骑自行车出去，这有助于重建你们的友谊。
113、Be helpful in在方面有帮助，固定搭配。故将on改为in。6. 考查冠词。句意：此外，骑自行车是一种环保的交通方式。means“方式”,可数名词，这里泛指“一个；一种”，且后面的 environmentally 以元音音素开头，所以应使用不定冠词 an。故在 environmentally 之前加 an。7. 考查连词。句意：除了给他礼物，你还可以采取其他的方式，比如旅游，看电影，吃饭和购物。apart from giving him a gift 是介词短语，并不是完整的句子，而逗号后面是一个简单句，所以不需要 and。故将 and 删除。8. 考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你做什么
114、，真诚是最重要的。do 在这里是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，所以此处引导词要在从句中作宾语，因此应用 what。故将 how改为what。9.考查动词时态。句意：无论你做什么，真诚是最重要的。此处是提出建议，且结合文章整体的时态，可知此处应用一般现在时。故将 was改为is。10. 考查人称代词。句意：我真的希望你们能和好，永远都是好朋友。本文是李华写给 Tom 的信，信里提供了一些建议，希望 Tom 和 Peter 能够和好，所以此处站在写信人李华的角度应该是 you 而不是 we。故将 we改为you。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 假定你是李华，九月三日从某国外网店订购了2本书，到货后
115、发现一本书有破损，另一本书有缺页。请给该网站客服写一封邮件，内容包括：1.说明情况；2.要求对方解决问题。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Sir / Madam,Im LiHua._Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Sir / Madam,Im Li Hua. Im writing to you to complain about a problem with some books I ordered from your website.On 3rd September, greatly delighted
116、, I ordered two books from your online store, hoping to read both the books within three months. It was true that I was excited when the books arrived. However, hardly had I seen the books when disappointment quickly struck me because one lying in the parcel was broken. In addition, what annoyed me
117、more was that some pages in the other were gone. Therefore, could you please arrange for another two to be sent to me as soon as possible? Otherwise, please give me a refund.I would be extremely grateful if you could look into the matter as soon as possible and get it settled by next week. Im lookin
118、g forward to your response soon.Yours,Li Hua.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给某网店客服写封邮件，就购买的商品有问题进行投诉。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.说明情况；2.要求对方解决问题。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）complain about; greatly delighted;order from your website；excited; disappointment; in add
119、ition; arrange for; refund; be extremely grateful; look forward to第三步：连词成句1. Im writing to you to complain about a problem with some books I ordered from your website.2. On 3rd September, greatly delighted, I ordered two books from your online store, hoping to read both the books within three months
120、.3. It was true that I was excited when the books arrived.4. However, hardly had I seen the books when disappointment quickly struck me because one lying in the parcel was broken.5. In addition, what annoyed me more was that some pages in the other were gone.6. Therefore, could you please arrange fo
121、r another two to be sent to me as soon as possible?7. Otherwise, please give me a refund.8. I would be extremely grateful if you could look into the matter as soon as possible and get it settled by next week. 9. Im looking forward to your response soon.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并
122、列补充关系：In addition2.表转折对比关系：However3.表因果关系：Therefore 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 On 3rd September, greatly delighted, I ordered two books from your online store, hoping to read both the books within three months. (运用了现在分词作状语)高分句型2 However, hardly had I seen the books when disappointment quickly struck me because one lying in the parcel was broken. (运用了部分倒装和because引导原因状语从句)
