1、Unit 2 English around the world 同步练习(八)I完形填空(40分)Computers have been taught to act and speak, now the trick is to_1 them to listen to understand spoken words. So far speech recognition systems have been used by workers who need to enter data (数据) into a computer while their hands and eyes are 2 occu
2、pied.The recognition of a limited vocabulary of single words from a single speaker is pretty much 3 problem. Some systems, however, have trouble 4 the noise of crumpling (揉) paper from the 5 of a human voice.Speakers of independent systems that can recognize the same word 6 spoken by many different
3、people can be built by sampling (提供.样品) how several people say the same words 7 storing several patterns for each word. But the chances for error are greater and the vocabulary must usually be 8 Even more difficult is continuous speech. People 9 running words together and even changing some sounds w
4、hen they speak, so the computer does not know when one word ends and another_10_, making the process much more 11 It was reported that it 12 an hour on the largest computer in 13 use to recognize one second of continuous speech.Some attempts have been made to 14 continuous speech recognition by givi
5、ng the computer some rules of grammar to restrict 15 word can follow 16 other word. A device (装置) has been developed that has a 5,000-word vocabulary but 17 the speaker to 18 between words.These devices, 19 at the moment, will represent the first applications (应用) of what is considered a 20 but extr
6、emely difficult technology.1. A. build B. develop C. get D. make2. A. other than B. no other than C. otherwise D. other ways3. A. a solved B. an impossible C. an unsolved D. an unpractical4. A. preventing B. separatingC. selecting D. distinguishing5. A. noise B. sound C. speech D. words6. A. as B. w
7、hen C. that D. which7. A. as B. while C. and D. but8. A. limited B. limiting C. multiplied D. enlarged9. A. would B. feel likeC. used to D. are used to10. A. heads B. startsC. ends D. concludes11. A. easy B. uneasy C. different D. difficult12. A. cost B. tookC. spent D. expended13. A. common B. pres
8、ent C. current D. past14. A. clean B. makeC. correct D. improve15. A. which B. what C. some D. such16. A. which B. the C. some D. still17. A. takes B. requires C. orders D. asks18. A. choose B. stop C. rest D. pause19. A. however rapid B. however slow C. however rough D. however20. A. satisfactory B
9、. costlyC. promising D. far-fetched阅读理解(60分)ABritish English and American English are almost exactly the same. But there are minor differences between British English and American English in the following small areas.The first difference between British English and American English is vocabulary. Al
10、most all of the words used in British English and American English are exactly the same. Only a very small number of words are used differently.The second difference between British English and American English is pronunciation. Sometimes the Americans and Britishers dont understand each others pron
11、unciation. But most of the time, they do understand each others pronunciation because most of the sounds of the two dialects are the same.The third difference is very small. This is the different spellings. A few kinds of words are spelled differently in British English and American English.21. Brit
12、ish English and American English are_A. very different languagesB. almost the sameC. exactly the sameD. quite different from each other22. According to the writer, minor differences between British English and American English are found in the areas of_.A. idiomatic expressions, vocabulary and pronu
13、nciationB. pronunciation, vocabulary and spellingC. grammar, idiomatic expressions and spellingD. grammar, spelling, vocabulary23. Which of the following words have different spellings but the same pronunciation in British English and American English?A. Doctor. B. Kilometer.C. Travel. D. Different
14、BEnglish may not be a world language foreverWhile 375 million people around the globe use English as their mother tongue, the number of people using it as a second language has already been well over that figure.It is said that by the end of 2000, one billion people could use English to communicate
15、with others, including both native speakers and non-native speakers.The rise and fall of a language is closely connected with that countrys economic strength and development potential ( 潜力), Rhodri Jones, the English 2000 manager of the ELT group of the British Council said.An expert who has given m
16、any lectures on the future of English said the economic boost (快速发展) in Asia would raise the positions of the Chinese and Hindi languages. Therefore, the English language is facing a serious problem. Where will English turn in the next 50 years or the century?The recently introduced book from Britai
17、n Future of English might give people concerned with their question some enlightenments (启发). The book helps English teachers, planners, managers and decision makers with a professional interest in the development of English worldwide.With the book written in English translated into Chinese and to b
18、e published soon, the book might be brought to a wider sphere of people.From the book, we learn many facts about the English language, and we may be able to predict (预测) its future after reading it, said Dorothy Humphery, who used to be a senior English teacher for the British Council. 24. The reaso
19、n why some language rises in the world depends on_.A. the population of the countryB. the countrys economy strength in the worldC. the number of the population who use itD. the countrys economy strength and development potential25. The book Future of English helps to_A. improve the standard of peopl
20、es learning EnglishB. adds to peoples interest toward EnglishC. emphasize (强调) the importance of English in the worldD. make people interested in the development of English worldwide26. After reading Future of English we know_A. English is the language that the people who speak it is the most in the
21、 worldB. English may disappear sooner or laterC. the world is keeping changing from time to timeD. what the future of the English language is27. The main idea of the passage is_.A why English has been popular in the worldB. how to improve peoples ability of learning EnglishC. English has a bright fu
22、tureD. the usage of English may become less in the world one dayCLanguage learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount (数量) of listening they need before they start speaking, and children who start speaking late are often long listeners. Most children will obey (服从) s
23、poken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word obey can hardly describe the cooperation (合作) shown by the children. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gestures (手势) and by making noises.It is agreed that babies enjoy making noises, and that during th
24、e first few months one or two special noises are used by them to show their happiness, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these cannot be said to be a kind of communication, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. From about three months old they play with sounds for enjoyment,
25、 and by six months they are able to add new sounds to their store. This self-imitation ( 自我模仿) leads on to deliberate (有意的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises that these imitations can be considered as speech.It is a problem we need not get our
26、teeth into(全身心地做.). The meaning of a word depends on what a special person means by it in special situation; and what a child means by a word will change as he gets more experience of the world.Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak fo
27、r himself. I wonder, however, whether anything is gained when parents try to use this ability to teach new sounds.28. Before children start speaking,_.A. they need equal amounts of listeningB. they need different amounts of listeningC. they can all cooperate with the adults (成年) by obeying spoken in
28、structionsD. they cant understand and obey the adults spoken instructions29. Children who start speaking late_.A. may have problems with their hearingB. probably do not hear enough language spoken around themC usually pay close attention to what they hear D. often take a long time in learning to lis
29、ten properly30. The problem that a babys imitations can be considered as speech_.A. is important because words have different meanings for different peopleB. is not especially important because the changeover takes place graduallyC. is one that can never be properly understood because the meaning of
30、 words changes with ageD. is one that should be completely ignored (忽略) because childrens use of words is often meaningless31. Babys first noises are_.A. a reflection (映射) of his moods (情绪) and feelingsB. an early form of languageC. a sign that he means to tell you somethingD. an imitation of the sp
31、eech of adults.32. From the last paragraph we know that_.A. parents can never hope to teach their children new soundsB. children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak for themselvesC. children who are good at imitating learn new sounds more quicklyD. even after they have learnt to speak
32、 children still enjoy imitating延伸探究题I完形填空(20分)Do you know 1 languages there are in the world? There are about 1 500, but many of them are not very 2 English is one of the most important languages because many people 3 it, not only in England and America, 4 in other countries of the world. About 200
33、000 000 people speak it 5_ their own language, and another 200 000 000 use it as 6 language. It is 7 to say how many people are learning it. 8 boys and girls in schools are trying to do so.Many English children study French. French is also a very important language. 9 children study German, Russian,
34、 Japanese and Chinese.Which is the best 10 to learn a language? We know that we all learnt 11 language well when we were 12 If we learn a second language in the 13 way, it wont seem so difficult How does a small child do? It 14 what people say, and it tries to guess what it hears. When it wants some
35、thing, it has to 15 it. It is using the language, 16 in it and talking in it all the time. If people use a second language_17 , theywill learn it 18In school, you learn to read, to write, to hear and to speak, it is best to learn all new words through the 19 You can read them, spell them and 20 them
36、 later.1. A. how many B. what number C. a lot of D. so many2. A. useful B. necessary C. important D. good3. A. like B. useC. learn D. speaks4. A. but B. and C. also D. so5. A. like B. with C. for D. as6. A. foreign B. a second C. the second D. a special7. A. easy B. again C. difficult D. best8. A. M
37、illions of B. Million ofC. Millions D. Several million9. A. Some B. Other C. All D. Few10. A. time B. way C. thing D. place11. A. a foreign B. or mothers C. others D. our own12. A. born B. children C. grown D. boys13. A. same B. different C. useful D. good14. A. does B. saysC. listens to D. follows1
38、5. A. ask B. want C. get D. ask for16. A. speaking B. writing C. thinking D. doing17. A. some time B. sometimes C. all the time D. for the time18. A. quickly B. soon C. freely D. easily19. A. mouth B. hands C. ears D. mind20. A. speak B. use C. love D. write阅读理解(30分)AThere are about 22 million non-E
39、uropean Americans, mainly Black Africans, Red Indians, Latin Americans and other people.The Red Indians number about 600 000. They are the natives of America. They look somewhat like Tibetants (西藏人). They are not red, but brown. They were called Indians by mistake. When Columbus landed in the New Wo
40、rld in 1492, he thought he had landed in India and called the people Indians.The Black people had a sad history. Nearly all of them are descendants (后裔) of Africans brought from Africa to America sold as slaves in the 17th and 18th centuries. Today, they are about 21 million in number or 11 percent
41、of total American population. Most of them lived in the South till the 1930s and since then more and more were leaving the South to look for work in the industrial North. Today, 60 percent of Black Americans live in New York, Chicago and other big cities.Mexicans who belong to Latin Americans are th
42、e 2nd biggest minority nationality. Most of them are immigrant (移民 ) farm workers. The Puerto Ricans, from the island of Puerto Rica off the coast of Florida, live mostly in the slums (贫民窟) of big cities like New York and Chicago. These two peoples like the Afro-Americans mostly live below the pover
43、ty line.There are Chinese people living in America, tooalmost a quarter of million (The exact figure is 236 000). Many of them went to America about 100 years ago to build the railways there. They suffered a great deal. Today, most Chinese Americans live in California (a state facing the Pacific Oce
44、an) and New York, and also in Hawaii, and archipelago (群岛) in the mid-Pacific, which is counted as the 50th state of the U. S. A.21. Which of the following shows the right relationship among the population of American minorities? A. American natives Blacks MexciansChinese. B. Red IndiansAfro-America
45、nsChinese.C. BlacksMexicansEuropean Americans American Indians.D. Black Americans Mexicans Indians Puerto Ricans.22. Which of the following shows the right historical order?a. The Afro-Americans were brought to American.b. Lots of Chinese people built the railways in the U. S. A.c. Columbus found th
46、e New World.d. Hawaii became one of the states of the U.&A.e. The Black Americans left the South for the North.A. cabed B. cbeda C. aecdb D. dcbae23. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Puerto Rica is among the 50 states of the U.S. A.B. Columbus was the first to c
47、all American Indians Red Indians.C. Most of the American minorities used to live a happy life.D. Black Americans and Puerto Ricans have begun to move from the countryside to big cities.24. Which of the following maps gives the right position of the given places?( CCalifornia; FFlorida: HHawaii; NNew
48、 York ;PPuerto Rica Island)BIn the early part of the twentieth century, racism was widespread in the United States. Many African Americans were not given equal opportunities in education or employment, Marian Anderson (1897 1993) was an African American woman who gained fame as a concert singer in t
49、his climate of racism. She was born in Philadelphia and sang in church choirs during her childhood When she applied for admission to a local music school in 1917, she was turned down because she was black. Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for church gatherings. In 1929
50、, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there. Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe. Then she returned to the US in 1935 and became a top concert singer after performing at Town Hall in New York City.Racism again affected Anderson in 1939. When it was arrange
51、d for her to sing at Constitution Hall in Washington D. C. , the daughters of the American Revolution opposed it because of her color. She sang instead at the Lincoln Memorial for over 75,000 people. In 1955, Anderson became the first black soloist to sing with the Metropolitan Opera of New York Cit
52、y. The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as heard only once in a hundred years. She was a US delegate to the United Nations in 1958 and won the UN peace prize in 1977. Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.25. According to this passage, what did Marian Anderson do between 1917 and 192
53、9?A. She studied at a music school.B. She sang for religious activities.C. She sang at Town Hall in New York.D. She studied voice in Europe.26. Toscanini thought that Marian AndersonA. had a very rare voiceB. sang occasionally in publicC. sang only once in many yearsD. was seldom heard by people27.
54、Andersons beautiful voice was first recognized _.A. at the Lincoln MemorialB. in Washington D. C.C. in EuropeD. at the United Nations28. This passage shows that Anderson finally defeated racism in the US by_.A. protesting to the governmentB. appealing to the United NationsC. demonstrating in the streetsD. working hard to perfect her artKey:
