1、江苏省江阴二中、要塞中学等四校2020-2021学年高一英语上学期期中试题（含解析）本试卷满分150分 考试时间120分钟第一部分听力(共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Who is the man possibly talking to?AA doctor. BA teacher. CHis mother.2What do we know about Sam?AHis s
2、ister will leave for New York.BHis sister will leave for Los Angeles.CHe will leave New York.3What is the woman going to do?ARewrite the paper. BThrow the paper away. C. Read the paper again.4Why does the woman thank the man?A. He lent her some money. B. He gave her a fivepound bill. C. He returned
3、her money found.5Where does this conversation probably take place?AAt an airport. BAt a railway station. CAt a department store.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6Whom do you think the w
4、oman was angry with?AThe man. BThe repairman. CThe shopkeeper.7Why couldnt the woman find the repair shop?AShe missed the right turn.BThe man gave her the wrong directions. CShe was a bad driver.8Why did the man tell her to turn to these television repairmen?AThe shop was easy to findBOne of the rep
5、airmen was his friend.CThey did good work and the price was reasonable.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9Whats the relationship between the man and the woman?AThey are teacher and student. B They are friends. C. They are mother and son.10What does the woman ask the man to do?ALook for a new apartment.BFind a job to
6、earn 200 a month.CShare an apartment with one or two roommates.11How much does the woman want to spend on rent?A. Less than 200 a month. B. Somewhere about 200 a month. C. A little more than 200 a month.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12What is the woman good at?ASwimming. BRunning. CPlaying.13How old was she when
7、 she became famous?AShe was twenty. BShe was thirteen. CShe was fifteen.14What can we learn about the woman from the dialogue?AShe took part in one of the Olympic Games.BShe still swims for international competitions.CShe used to swim thirty five miles every week.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15What had gone wro
8、ng in their house?ATheir washing machine. BThe electricity. CThe lights.16Who was Mr Smith?AA repairman. BThe womans husband. CThe womans new neighbor.17Why did the man think it would cost him dearly?ABecause he wanted to buy a car.BBecause he didnt have a good job.CBecause their car needed repairin
9、g.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18What were the students going to do?AThey were going to read their articles before a video camera.BThey were going to read news on TVCThey were going to celebrate the writers sisters birthday.19Why was the writer so nervous?AHe had never stood before a video camera.BHe had never
10、 read his own article before a video camera.CThis camera was different from the one he had once faced.20What was the writers feelings to his class teacher?ANervous. BAfraid. CThankful.第二部分 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AA breatht
11、aking trick potentially left over from our ancestors might be found in us - the ability to sense oxygen through our skin.Amphibians, animals such as frogs that can live both on land and in water, have long been known to be capable of breathing through their skin. In fact, the first known lungless fr
12、og that breathes only through its skin was discovered recently in the rivers of Borneo.Now the same oxygen sensors found in frog skins and in the lungs of mammals (哺乳动物) have unexpectedly been discovered in the skin of mice.“No one had ever looked,” explained Randall Johnson, a biologist researcher.
13、Mice and frogs are quite distant relatives, so the fact they have these molecules(分子) in common in their skin suggests they might well be found in the skin of other mammals, such as humans.“We have no reason to think that they are not in the skin of people too,” Johnson said.These molecules not only
14、 detect oxygen, but help increase levels of vital red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body. Normal mice breathing in air that is 10 percent oxygen-a dangerously low level similar to conditions at the top of Mount Everest, and about half that of air at sea level. However, mice that had the
15、 oxygen sensor HIF-1a genetically removed from their skin failed to produce this hormone (荷尔蒙) even after hours of such low oxygen.These findings, if they hold true in humans, suggest one could raise the level of oxygen circulating inside the body. This could help treat lung diseases and disorders s
16、uch as anemia (贫血症) without injecting drugs, which make up a multibillion-dollar market, Johnson said.Athletes also often try to get more oxygen delivered to their muscles in order to improve their performance. They often do this by training at high altitudes or in low-oxygen tents. The new study su
17、ggests they might want to expose their skin as well as breathing in low-oxygen air to improve their performance. “Its hard to say what exactly might be done, however-theres a lot we dont know yet,” Johnson explained. The scientists detailed their findings in the April 18 issue of the journal Cell.1.
18、 Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Johnson believes that Oxygen sensors also exist in human skin.B. People have to surf the Internet to read detailed findings.C. It has been proved that these findings help treat lung diseases.D. It has long been expected oxygen se
19、nsors exist in mices skin.2. One of the functions of the molecules mentioned above is .A. carrying oxygen around the bodyB. improving athletes performanceC. detecting oxygenD. increasing level of oxygen3. What does the underlined word “circulating” in paragraph 8 most probably mean? A. balancingB. g
20、rowingC. movingD. gathering4. What is Johnsons attitude to the application of the findings to the athletes training?A. NegativeB. DoubtingC. PositiveD. Hesitating【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. C【解析】本文是说明文。科学家们发现人体皮肤是氧气传感器，皮肤中的分子可以检测到氧气，还能帮助增加红细胞的水平，这样可以将氧气输送到全身各处。这一研究发现可以用于治疗肺部疾病和贫血症等疾病，也可以运用于运动员的训练中。【1题详解】细
21、节理解题。根据第六段“We have no reason to think that they are not in the skin of people too, Johnson said.(约翰逊说：“我们没有理由认为它们不在人们的皮肤里)”可知，A选项“约翰逊认为，氧气传感器也存在于人类皮肤中”正确。故选 A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段中“These molecules not only detect oxygen, but help increase levels of vital red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the b
22、ody.(这些分子不仅能检测到氧气，还能帮助增加非常重要的红细胞水平，而这可以将氧气输送到全身各处)”可知，这些分子的其中一个作用是检测到氧气。故选 C。【3题详解】词义猜测题。根据倒数第四段中“These molecules not only detect oxygen, but help increase levels of vital red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body.(这些分子不仅能检测氧气，还能帮助提高至关重要的红细胞的水平，红细胞可以将氧气带到全身各处)”可知画线词所在句意思为：如果这些发现适用于人类，那么就意味
23、着可以提高氧气在体内移动的水平。由此可知，画线词意思为“移动”。A. balancing平衡；B. growing生长；C. moving移动；D. gathering聚集。故选C。【4题详解】.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段These findings, if they hold true in humans, suggest one could raise the level of oxygen circulating inside the body. This could help treat lung diseases and disorders such as anemia(贫血症) w
24、ithout injecting drugs, which make up a multibillion- dollar market, Johnson said.可知如果这些发现适用于人类，那么就意味着可以提高体内循环的氧气水平。Johnson说，这可以帮助治疗肺部疾病和贫血等疾病，而不需要注射药物，这将创造数十亿美元的市场。由此可推知，Johnson对这些发现持积极态度。故选C。BTo learn to think is to learn to question. Those who dont question never truly think for themselves. These
25、 are simple rules that have governed the advancement of science and human thought since the beginning of time. Advancements are made when thinkers question theories(理论) and introduce new ones. Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected thinkers who end up slowing the progress of human though
26、t. Aristotle was a brilliant philosopher whose theories explained much of the natural world, often incorrectly. He was so respected by the scientific community that even 1,200 years after his death, scientists were still trying to build upon his mistakes rather than correct them!Brilliant minds can
27、intimidate upandcoming thinkers who are not confident of their abilities. They often believe they are not as good as the minds of giants such as Aristotle, leading many to accept current ideas instead of questioning them.I, like many thinkers of the past, once believed in my mental weakness. I was c
28、ertain that my parents, my teachersadults in generalwere always right. They were like a textbook to me; I didnt question what was written on those pages. I respected them, and accepted whatever they told me. But that attitude soon changed. My minds independence was first developed in the classroom.A
29、 stern, 65yearold elementaryschool science teacher once told me that light is a type of wave. I confidently went through years of school believing that light is a wave. One day，however, I heard the German exchange student mention that light could be made up of particles(粒子). As the others laughed at
30、 his statement, I started to question my beliefs.Maybe the teachers and textbooks hadnt given me the whole story. I went to the library, did some research and learned of the lightasawave versus lightasaparticle debate. I read about Einsteins discovery of the dual nature of light and learned the fact
31、s of a paradox(悖论) that puzzles the worlds greatest thinkers to this day. Light behaves as both a particle and a wave, it is both at once. I realized I had gone through life accepting only half of the story as the whole truth.Each new year brought more new facts, and I formulated even more questions
32、. I found myself in the library after school, trying to find my own answers to gain a more complete understanding of what I thought I already knew. I discovered that my parents and teachers are good tools in my quest for knowledge, but they are never the final word. Even textbooks can be challenged.
33、 I learned to question my sources, I learned to be a thinker. I once believed that everything I learned at home and at school was certain, but I have now discovered to reexamine when necessary.Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning. How many thin
34、gs do we know for sure today that we will question in the future? At this moment, I know that our sun will burn for another five billion years, and I know nothing can escape the gravity of a black hole. This knowledge, however, may change in the next 20 yearsmaybe even in the next two. The one thing
35、 we can control now is our openness to discovery. Questions are the tools of open minds, and open minds are the key to intellectual advancement.5. In the first paragraph, Aristotle is taken as an example to show that _.A. he is the greatest and respected philosopher of all timeB. huge influence of g
36、reat thinkers may stop human thought from developingC. advancements are made when thinkers question theoriesD. great thinkers often make mistakes and then correct them6. What does the underlined word “intimidate” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Frighten.B. Encourage.C. Strengthen.D. Persuade.7. The author be
37、gan to question his previous beliefs because _.A. what he learned from textbooks before turned out to be wrongB. he was inspired by the different ideas from an exchange studentC. he was laughed at by other students for his unacceptable statementD. he was not satisfied with his life and desperate to
38、achieve success8. According to the passage, the author _.A. looks down upon great thinkers all the timeB. never doubts what he has learned in the textbookC. always throws himself into the laboratoryD. is determined to be a thinker and questioner9. We can conclude from the last paragraph that _.A. th
39、e author is not quite sure about his futureB. we human beings dont dare to predict futureC. the theory of black holes will change in two yearsD. questioning is necessary to promote advancement【答案】5. B 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. D【解析】本文是一篇议论文。只有人们质疑以前的理论并提出新的理论时，我们的社会才可以取得进步。质疑是通往知识和真理的道路，质疑可以让我们的思维更加开放，而开放性思
40、维是思想进步的关键因素。本文讲述了质疑权威的重要性。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 “Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected thinkers who end up slowing the progress of human thought.（不幸的是，减慢人类思想进程的往往是那些伟大而受人尊敬的思想家。）”接着以亚里士多德为例，他提出了很多错误理论，但是碍于他的名望和巨大影响，后世并没有纠正，反而在他错误理论的基础上发展，因此作者认为正是这些伟大的思想家从某种程度上阻碍了人类思想的进步。故选B项。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据下
41、文“They often believe they are not as good as the minds of giants such as Aristotle, leading many to accept current ideas instead of questioning them.（他们常常认为自己没有亚里士多德等伟人的头脑那么好，导致许多人接受了当前的观点，而不是质疑它们）”可知后人会忌惮于亚里士多德的权威而不敢反驳，因此伟大的头脑会“吓坏”那些后来的对自己没有信心的思想家，选项A. Frighten符合语境，故选A项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“One day，ho
42、wever, I heard the German exchange student mention that light could be made up of particles(粒子). As the others laughed at his statement, I started to question my beliefs.（然而有一天，我听到一位德国交换生提到光可以由粒子组成。当其他人嘲笑他的陈述时，我开始质疑我的信仰）”可知，作者开始质疑自己之前的信仰，因为他受到了一名交换生不同想法的启发，故选B项。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Questions are said
43、to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning.（质疑被认为是通往知识和真理的道途径，我计划继续做一个质疑者）”可知，作者决心成为一个思想家和质疑者，故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。通读最后一段，尤其是最后一段的“Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth,（质疑被认为是通往知识和真理的途径）”和“Questions are the tools of open minds, and open minds are the ke
44、y to intellectual advancement.（怀疑是开放思维的工具，而开放的思想是智力进步的关键）”可知，质疑是促进智力进步所必需的。故选D项。CIm one of seven children. My three sisters and I grew up in a small bedroom with two sets of beds. We shared a closet, a dresser, and just about everything else. Our bedroom always had stuff hanging about. How about the
45、 life of only children? I looked longingly at their perfect dolls and toys placed carefully on their perfect shelves in their perfect little girl bedrooms. They had bathrooms to themselves. These little girls would come home to everything just perfect.Looking back, I had to admit my “only children”
46、friends had nice things. They had designer beds and beautiful bedrooms, but I always had someone to play with and talk to. Even if everyone else hated me, one of my sisters would not and that was all I needed.Our house was the center of activity for the whole neighborhood. We had dance shows and bas
47、eball games in the street. We had everything we ever needed because we had each other. I have come to realize that there are so many reasons that sisters make a difference to your life and I can give you a few here:They get you. Your sisters have grown up with you so they know the entire back story
48、of your situation and everything leading to it. They may not agree with you all the time but they never wonder why you do what you do or say what you say.They have suffered with you through awful times. I know that when one of my sisters is unhappy, I am unhappy too. When some non-family member trie
49、s to hurt you, the claws of them will come out.They have cheered you on. Sisters do get jealous at times but, even so, they are happy that you are doing well. They rejoice at your new bonus as long as you take them out for drinks and foods！They are on the same diet as you. We are women in a world wh
50、ere thinness is equal to beauty. No matter how unjust this is, we are always on a diet. There is nothing like a sister calling and complaining about how she wants an ice cream and cant ever have one again.They are aging at the same rate as you. As we get older, we change, and however miserable this
51、can be, it is heartening to know that someone shares your misery. They know what you are going through because they are going through it too.The last and best thing about sisters is that they stick with us. We can have our upsets and misunderstandings but we always come back to each other.I know man
52、y people reading this may have had upsets with their sisters. All I can say is communication fixes everything. If you miss your sister, tell her so. If you have a BFF (Best Friend Forever)that has stuck with you through thick and thin, adopt her as your sister and keep her close to you.10. How does
53、the author develop the first paragraph?A. By making classification.B. By making comparison.C. By explaining the phenomenon.D. By providing evidence.11. The following sentence is taken from the passage. Where can it most probably be?“From a very young age, I really thought I was poor.”A. B. C. D. 12.
54、 Which is NOT the reason that sisters make a difference to your life?A. They grow old with you.B. They can share the same diet with you.C. They can understand your strange behavior perfectly.D. They stand by you when other family members hurt you.13. The underlined word “rejoice” in Paragraph 6 prob
55、ably means _.A. feel gratefulB. show great joyC. appear surprisedD. get disappointed14. From the whole passage, we can learn that the author _.A. has adopted her BBF as her sisterB. has expressed great sympathy for only childrenC. had a better relationship with her sisters than brothersD. has given
56、some advice to those who had upsets with their sisters15. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Sisters Are My Fortune in LifeB. Family Love Is the Lasting TopicC. Communication Fixes EverythingD. Sharing Things Gives You a Better Life【答案】10. B 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. D 15.
57、 A【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自己的切身经历告诉我们拥有姐妹的好处，她们是自己一生的财富。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Im one of seven children. My three sisters and I grew up in a small bedroom with two sets of beds. We shared a closet, a dresser, and just about everything else. Our bedroom always had stuff hanging about. How about the life of on
58、ly children? I looked longingly at their perfect dolls and toys placed carefully on their perfect shelves in their perfect little girl bedrooms. They had bathrooms to themselves.”（我是七个孩子中的一个。我和三个姐姐在一间有两套床的小卧室里长大。我们共用一个衣橱，一个梳妆台，还有其他所有的东西。我们的卧室里总是挂着东西。独生女的生活怎么样？我渴望地看着她们完美的玩偶和玩具，小心翼翼地放在她们完美的小女孩卧室里完美的架子
59、上。她们不得不自己去洗手间）可知，作者是通过将“姐妹众多”和“独生女”进行比较来发展第一段的。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“How about the life of only children? I looked longingly at their perfect dolls and toys placed carefully on their perfect shelves in their perfect little girl bedrooms.”可知，独生女的生活怎么样？我渴望地看着她们完美的玩偶和玩具，小心翼翼地放在她们完美的小女孩卧室里完美的架子上，这是在与自
60、己的生活进行比较，因此此处是对自己生活的看法，“longingly”一词突出了自己的心理落差，因此“From a very young age, I really thought I was poor.”（从很小的时候起，我就觉得自己很穷。）最有可能放在处，故选A。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“When some non-family member tries to hurt you, the claws of them will come out.”（当一些非家庭成员试图伤害你时，她们会尽力保护你）可知，“当其他家庭成员伤害你时，他们会支持你”不是姐妹们对你的生活有影响的原因。故选
61、D。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Sisters do get jealous at times but, even so, they are happy that you are doing well.”可知，姐妹们有时确实会嫉妒你，但即使如此，她们也会为你做得好而高兴。因此此处是说只要你拿到奖金后带她们出去喝点东西，她们就会为你获得奖金而高兴，由此可知，画线词的意思是“展示极大的高兴”，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“I know many people reading this may have had upsets with their sisters. A
62、ll I can say is communication fixes everything. If you miss your sister, tell her so. If you have a BFF (Best Friend Forever)that has stuck with you through thick and thin, adopt her as your sister and keep her close to you.”（我知道很多读到这篇文章的人可能和她的姐妹们相处得不是那么愉快，我能说的就是沟通能够解决一切。如果你想你姐妹，就告诉她。如果你有一个永远的好朋友，和你
63、患难与共，把她当作你的姐妹，让她和你亲近）可知，作者为那些和他们的姐妹们想出不愉快的人提供了一些建议。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章中作者结合自己的切身经历告诉我们拥有姐妹的好处，她们是自己一生的财富，A项“Sisters Are My Fortune in Life ” 为最佳标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friendships can bring joy or sorrow._16_ , we talked to researchers, authors
64、, and therapists to learn how to manage the common relationship difficulties we all face.Broken promises Friends are vital for our physical and mental well-being but these relationships arent always smooth sailing. _17_. And a major way this happens is through broken promises. Perhaps he canceled pl
65、ans at the last minute or she declined to take part in an important party. _18_, the first thing to do is remember that no one is perfect, says Jan Yager, PhD, friendship coach._19_“Sometimes jealousy reveals our deepest desires,” says Dr. Yager. “Healthy envy can motivate you to become better and b
66、e inspired by your friends success,” she says. She points out that it could be the other way around as well: Your friends might be jealous of you.Feeling left outTheres no worse feeling than when you check Facebook Monday morning to find out that your friends went on a weekend getaway without you. S
67、cott Christnelly, a therapist, says, “I encourage clients to express their feelings about it but also not to jump to conclusions.” Then find someone else to talk to maybe a family member, or a close friend (not one who went on the trip)to explain how you feel. _20_.A. Experiencing envyB. But while i
68、t may be painfulC. Stopping to feel jealous of themD. Friend breakups can be just as painful as a romantic splitE. In fact, its common to experience some serious hurt from your friendsF. Since theres no rule book on what to do when things get tense or go southG. Maybe through that conversation, you
69、can brainstorm how you will respond【答案】16. F 17. E 18. B 19. A 20. G【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些如何处理我们大家常见与朋友相处时常见的难题的方法。【16题详解】根据后文we talked to researchers, authors, and therapists to learn how to manage the common relationship difficulties we all face.（我们与研究人员、作者和治疗师交谈，学习如何处理我们共同面临的人际关系难题。）作者请教了一些专业人士，他们寻
70、求建议可知，此处指遇到这样的事很多人不知怎样应对。故答案为F，意为：因为当事情变得紧张或糟糕的时候，没有什么规则可循。故选F。【17题详解】此句为解释说明句。根据上文“Friends are vital for our physical and mental well-being but these relationships arent always smooth sailing.”（朋友对我们的身心健康至关重要，但这种关系并不总是一帆风顺。）”（与朋友的）关系并不总是一帆风顺的，可知，与朋友相处时，人应该会有挫折，故E选项“事实上，经历一些来自朋友的严重伤害是很正常的。”符合上下文语境。故
71、选E。【18题详解】此句是对前面句子的解释说明。根据前面“Perhaps he canceled plans at the last minute or she declined to take part in an important party.（也许他在最后一刻取消了计划，或者她拒绝参加一个重要的聚会）”被朋友放鸽子，或者被人拒绝，这些都是痛苦的经历，故B选项“虽然这可能是痛苦的。”符合上下文语境。故选B。【19题详解】此句为主旨大意，根据下文“Sometimes jealousy reveals our deepest desires,” says Dr. Yager.（“有时候，嫉妒
72、揭示了我们内心深处的渴望，”耶格尔博士说。）可知本段主要说明与朋友交往时出现的一些问题，朋友间会彼此嫉妒。故A选项“经历嫉妒”符合上下文语境。故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Then find someone else to talk to maybe a family member, or a close friend (not one who went on the trip)to explain how you feel.（然后找其他人来解释你的感受也许是你的家人，或者是你的好朋友(不是去旅行的人)。）”可知本句为说明谈话的效果，故G选项“也许通过这次谈话，你可以集体讨论你将如何回应。”
73、符合上下文语境。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用(共四节，满分55分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Most people are anxious about the unknown while some are thrilled (非常兴奋的). I am one of the latter (后者). The idea of skiing to the North Pole had never crossed my mind until I saw a (n
74、) _21_ in a newspaper looking for people to join a team that would _22_ 350 miles to the magnetic North Pole. Back in 1996, a woman from the UK had never _23_ this challenge. I wondered what it would be like to _24_ in temperatures that cold, so I sent off for the application form. When the applicat
75、ion (申请) form _25_, it said “Are You Man Enough for the Ultimate Challenge” and it was full of pictures of _26_ explorers (探险者). I was angry and decided that women could do it too, so it made me even more _27_ to get on the team. Over 500 individuals _28_ for a place in the team, and the selection p
76、rocess included physical and mental tests designed to _29_ the best group. Our test was to complete the Sandhurst military assault course, where the UKs best officers are trained, and its not for _30_. We had to climb a huge rope ladder, and I stopped at the top because I have a fear of _31_. I thou
77、ght all hope was _32_. But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing _33_, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would _34_ others in the team.I had also shown my real self, and in a place like the Arctic, you have to be yo
78、urself, _35_ there is nowhere to hide. These _36_ of asking for help and showing your real self are necessary for women to master.I realized that by being myself, I could _37_. I was chosen for the team, and as a result, became the _38_ British woman to ski to the Magnetic North Pole. I realized tha
79、t I could achieve more than I ever _39_ was possiblebut more importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could _40_ them to take a step into the unknown21. A. noticeB. advertisementC. announcementD. report22. A. skiB. runC. driveD. fly23. A. enjoyedB. acceptedC. receivedD. finished24. A. existB.
80、 sufferC. surviveD. hide25. A. passedB. appearedC. returnedD. arrived26. A. femaleB. braveC. proudD. male27. A. confidentB. determinedC. enthusiasticD. satisfied28. A. appliedB. huntedC. waitedD. cared29. A. pickB. developC. trainD. challenge30. A. someoneB. no oneC. anyoneD. everyone31. A. lossB. s
81、ilenceC. heightsD. changes32. A. leftB. lostC. wastedD. missed33. A. individualsB. teamC. menD. skiers34. A. catch up withB. look out forC. take advantage ofD. get rid of35. A. unlessB. whileC. thoughD. as36. A. talentsB. experiencesC. qualitiesD. beliefs37. A. tryB. succeedC. guaranteeD. improve38.
82、 A. excellentB. extraC. nobleD. first39 A. imaginedB. predictedC. rememberedD. admitted40. A. pushB. promiseC. requireD. inspire【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，通过作者参加滑雪的经历，告诉读者一个道理，我们要勇于挑战未知、
83、实现自我。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过要去北极滑雪，直到我在报纸上看到一则广告，寻找能滑雪350英里到达磁性北极的队伍。A. notice通知；B. advertisement广告；C. announcement通知；D. report报告。由下文的“in a newspaper looking for people to join a team”可知，作者看到了报纸上的广告。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过要去北极滑雪，直到我在报纸上看到一则广告，寻找能滑雪350英里到达磁性北极的队伍。A. ski滑雪；B. run跑；C. drive开
84、车；D. fly飞。由上文的“The idea of skiing to the North Pole”可知，通过滑雪的方式去北极，此处指一支滑雪去北极的队伍。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在1996年，一位来自英国的女性未完成这项挑战。A. enjoyed喜欢；B. accepted接受；C. received收到；D. finished完成。由下文的“and as a result, became the _18_ British woman to ski to the Magnetic North Pole”可知，作者成为第一位滑雪到磁性北极的英国女性，所以当时英国没
85、有一位女性完成这项挑战。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道在这么冷的温度下生存会是什么样的，所以我去拿申请表。A. exist存在；B. suffer遭受；C. survive生存；D. hide躲藏。由下文的“in temperatures that cold, so I sent off for the application form”可知，作者想知道在这么冷的温度下生存会是什么感觉，才去拿表。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当申请表到了，上面写着“你够男人来挑战终极挑战了吗”，里面满是男性探险者的照片。A. passed通过；B. appeared
86、出现；C. returned回去；D. arrived到达。由下文的“it said “Are You Man Enough for the Ultimate Challenge”可知，申请表上面写着“你够男人来挑战终极挑战了吗”，说明申请表到了，作者才能看到上面的话。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当申请表到了，上面写着“你够男人来挑战终极挑战了吗”，里面满是男性探险者的照片。A. female女性的；B. brave勇敢的；C. proud骄傲的；D. male男性的。由上文的“it said “Are You Man Enough for the Ultimate Ch
87、allenge”和下文的“I was angry and decided that women could do it too”可知，申请表上面写着“你够男人来挑战终极挑战了吗”，作者很生气，认为女人也可以做，说明里面满是男性探险者的照片。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，认为女人也可以这样做，所以这让我更加下定决心加入队伍。A. confident自信的；B. determined坚定的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. satisfied满意的。由上文的“it said “Are You Man Enough for the Ultimate Chall
88、enge and it was full of pictures of _6_ explorers (探险者). I was angry and decided that women could do it too”可知，申请表上面写着“你够男人来挑战终极挑战了吗”，里面也满是男性探险者的照片，作者很生气，认为女人也可以做到，因此更加坚定要加入队伍之中。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过500人申请加入这个团队，选拔过程包括身体和心理测试，以选出最优秀的团队。A. applied申请；B. hunted寻找；C. waited等待；D. cared关心。由上文的“so I s
89、ent off for the application form”可知，作者和超过500人申请加入这个团队。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过500人申请加入这个团队，选拔过程包括身体和心理测试，以选出最优秀的团队。A. pick挑选；B. develop发展；C. train训练；D. challenge挑战。由上文的“the selection process included physical and mental tests”可知，选拔过程包括身体和心理测试，这些测试是为了挑选最合适的人员。故选A项。【30题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：我们的测试是完成桑赫斯特军事突
90、击课程，英国最优秀的军官都在那里接受训练，但这并不是每个人都能参加的。A. someone有人；B. no one没人；C. anyone任何人；D. everyone每个人。由上文的“Our test was to complete the Sandhurst military assault course, where the UKs best officers are trained”可知，作者参加的测试是英国最优秀的军官要接受的桑赫斯特军事突击课程，由常识可知，这项课程并不是每个人都可以参加。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不得不爬上一个巨大的绳梯，我在顶端停了下来
91、，因为我有恐高症。A. loss失落；B. silence沉默；C. heights高度；D. changes改变。由上文的“We had to climb a huge rope ladder, and I stopped at the top”可知，作者爬上一个巨大的绳梯，在顶端停了下来，可推断出作者有恐高症，所以怕得停下了。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为所有的希望都破灭了。A. left离开；B. lost失去；C. wasted浪费；D. missed想念。由上文语境可知，作者因恐高症怕得停下了，这样是无法通过培训的，所以此时作者认为自己没有希望了。故选B项。【
92、33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是另外两个人帮了我一把，后来我发现组织者并不是在寻找优秀的个人，而是伟大的团队成员，这一刻让他们看到了谁会在团队中照顾其他人。A. individuals个体；B. team队；C. men男人；D. skiers滑雪者。由上文的“Over 500 individuals _8_ for a place in the team”可知，超过500人申请加入这个团队，作者以为组织者是在寻找优秀的个人。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是另外两个人帮了我一把，后来我发现组织者并不是在寻找优秀的个人，而是伟大的团队成员，这一刻让他们看到了谁会在团队
93、中照顾其他人。A. catch up with赶上；B. look out for留心、注意；C. take advantage of利用；D. get rid of摆脱。由上文语境可知，另外两个人帮了作者，让作者意识到组织者并不是在寻找优秀的个人，而是伟大的团队成员，看看谁会留心队里的其他人，为他们着想。故选B项。【35题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我也展示了我真实的自我，在北极这样的地方，你必须做你自己，因为没有地方可以隐藏。A. unless除非；B. while然而；C. though尽管；D. as因为。由下文的“there is nowhere to hide”可知，因为北极没有
94、地方可以隐藏，所以你没必要隐藏自己，你必须做你自己。故选D项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些寻求帮助和展现真实自我的品质是女性必须掌握的。A. talents天赋；B. experiences经历；C. qualities品质；D. beliefs信仰。由下文的“asking for help and showing your real self”可知，寻求帮助和展现真实自我是一些品质。故选C项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到做我自己就能成功。A. try尝试；B. succeed成功；C. guarantee保证；D. improve提高。由下文语境可知，作者成为
95、第一位滑雪到磁性北极的英国女性，所以作者通过做自己，成功了。故选B项。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我被选为这个队的成员，结果，我成为第一个滑雪到磁性北极的英国妇女。A. excellent优秀的；B. extra额外的；C. noble高尚的；D. first第一。由上文“Back in 1996, a woman from the UK had never 3this challenge”可知，之前英国没有一位女性完成滑雪去北极的这项挑战，但是作者却成为第一位滑雪到磁性北极的英国女性。故选D项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我可以取得比我想象中更多的成就，但更重要
96、的是，通过与他人分享我的故事，我可以激励他们向未知的领域迈出一步。A. imagined想象；B. predicted预测；C. remembered记得；D. admitted承认。由上文的“作者成为第一位滑雪到磁性北极的英国女性”和“I could achieve more than I ever”可知，作者可以实现比自己想象的还要多的成就。故选A项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我可以取得比我想象中更多的成就，但更重要的是，通过与他人分享我的故事，我可以激励他们向未知的领域迈出一步。A. push推；B. promise承诺；C. require需要；D. inspire
97、激励。由上文的“Most people are anxious about the unknown”可知，大多数人为未知而焦虑，而作者想通过自己的故事，激励更多人去探索未知的事情。故选D项。第二节语法短文填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。China has named 24,126 primary and middle schools across the country specialist football schools _41_(lead) youth football development，acco
98、rding to the Ministry of Education(MOE)Its required that at least one football class _42_(offer) each week in these schools so that they can encourage their students to _43_(active) take part in football training and matches.China aims to have 50,000 schools specializing in youth football by the end
99、 of 2025, said Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE, _44_(add) that to realize this goal, the ministry will take various measures _45_ include building school football fields, training football coaches and providing extra funding and policy support. _46_ those measures in schools, 47 football tra
100、ining camps have also been built in an effort to promote the sport among young people. And outstanding or _47_(gift) players will also have the chance to join interschool teams for regional competitions and even _48_(nation)summer camps.In the past four years, local education departments have traine
101、d about 40,000 football teachers, 8,000 of _49_ have obtained coaching certificates. Moreover, the country has stepped up _50_(it) efforts in promoting football in schools since it set up a sevendepartment joint task force, including the education, sport and finance authorities as well as the Chines
102、e Football Association.【答案】41. to lead 42. be offered/should be offered 43. actively 44. adding 45. that/which 46. Besides 47. gifted 48. national 49. whom 50. its【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章指出，教育部已在全国范围内指名24126所中小学为足球特色学校，我国发展青少年足球事业的力度正在逐步加强。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据教育部统计，中国已经在全国范围内给予24126所中小学足球特色学校称号，以引导青少年足球的发展。分
103、析可知，句中谓语动词是has named，lead是非谓语动词，在这里作目的状语，要用不定式。故填to lead。【42题详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这些学校里按要求每周至少一节足球课，这样就可以鼓励学生积极参与足球训练和比赛。分析可知，此处It是形式主语，真正的主语是that后的从句，在表示“要求”的require一词后，名词性从句谓语要用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，而从句中football class作主语，与offer之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。故填be offered或should be offered。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：在这些学校里按要求每周至少一
104、节足球课，这样就可以鼓励学生积极参与足球训练和比赛。分析可知，active修饰动词take part in，要用副词形式。故填actively。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：教育部官员王登峰补充道，为了实现这一目标，教育部将采取多种措施，其中包括建造校内足球场地、训练足球教练以及提供额外的资金和政策扶持。分析可知，句中said是谓语动词，add是非谓语动词，作状语，与主语Wang Dengfeng之间是主动关系，要用现在分词形式。故填adding。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构，此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词measures（指物）并在从句中作主语。故填that或w
105、hich。【46题详解】考查介词。句意：除了校内的这些措施，还会建立47个足球训练营，致力于在年轻人中推广这一运动。从后句的“also”及句意可知，此处前后句间是递进关系，空后是名词those measures ，可以用介词besides表示“除了（还有）”。故填Besides。【47题详解】考查形容词。句意：而优秀的或有天赋的选手也将有机会参加校际队伍进入地区比赛甚至国家夏令营。与or连接的outstanding并列，此处要用与其含义相近的形容词gifted作定语修饰players，表示“有天赋的”。故填gifted。【48题详解】考查形容词。句意：而优秀的或有天赋的选手也将有机会参加校际队
106、伍进入地区比赛甚至国家夏令营。分析可知，空白处作定语修饰summer camps，需要形容词，应该用national表示“国家的”。故填national。【49题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在过去四年里，各地教育部门已经培养了约40000名足球老师，其中8000名已获得教练资格。分析句子结构，此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词football teachers（指人）并在从句中作介词of的宾语。故填whom。【50题详解】考查代词。句意：此外，自组成七个部门联合攻坚力量以来，国家已逐步增加力度提升校内足球发展。修饰名词efforts用形容词性物主代词，故填its。第三节 根据所给词的适当形式填空（
107、共10小题,每题1分，共10分）51. Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function _(normal). (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】normally【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：尽管停电，医院仍在正常运转。所给提示词是修饰动词function，副词用来修饰动词。故填normally。52. Surely, it doesnt matter where they get their money from: what _(count) is what they do with it. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】
108、counts【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：当然，他们的钱从哪里来并不重要：重要的是他们用它做了什么。 what (count)是主语从句，从句缺少谓语，由句意和其它谓语doesnt matter，is及do with可知，本句讲的是现在的事，应用一般现在时，what做主语时，后面的动词用一般用单数形式。故填counts。53. She expresses her _(individual) through her songs. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】individuality【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：她通过歌曲表达她的个性。上文her为形容词性物主代词修饰名词，
109、可知应填名词individuality，作宾语，且表示抽象概念，不可数。故填individuality。54. Heated _(argue) and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】arguments【解析】【详解】考查名词的数。句意：激烈的争论和冷淡的沉默在青少年和他们的父母之间很常见。此处作主语用名词，argument指一次争论或辩论时，是可数名词；谓语are是复数形式，主语用复数形式。故填arguments。55. He didnt seem in the lea
110、st _ (concern) for her safety. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】concerned【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：他似乎一点也不关心她的安全。seem此处为系动词，表示“似乎”，后跟形容词concerned，作表语。故填concerned。56. Nigeria gained _ (dependent) from Britain in 1960. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】independence【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：196年尼日利亚从英国获得了独立。所给提示词是做动词gain的宾语，用independent的名词independence。故填i
111、ndependence。57. Miss Green often saidGod helps those who help themselves, _(mean) to impress on us the significance of being independent. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】meaning【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：格林小姐经常说“天助自助者”，想让我们牢记独立的重要性。本句已有谓语 said且无连词，此处用非谓语形式，主语Miss Green和动词mean to do是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语。故填meaning。58. He de
112、cided to make his own _ (contribute) to society as soon as he graduated from college. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】contributions【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他决定大学一毕业就为社会做出贡献。此处作动词make的宾语应用名词contribution，且contribution为可数名词，此处应用复数形式。短语make ones own contributions to表示“对作出贡献”。故填contributions。59. I was late, but _(fortune), the m
113、eeting hadnt started. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】fortunately【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：我迟到了，但幸运的是会议还没有开始。修饰后文整个句子应用副词fortunately，作状语，表示“幸运的是”。故填fortunately。60. Her case is a _(remind) of the dangers of the unhealthy weigh-loss habits that have become common among teenagers of both sexes. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】reminder【解析】【详解】考
114、查名词。句意：她的案例提醒人们不健康的减肥习惯的危险，这种习惯在青少年中已经变得普遍，无论男女。根据上文冠词a，可知应填单数名词reminder，作表语，表示“提醒”。故填reminder。第四节 翻译(共5小题，每题2分，共10分)61. 简言之，你应当充分利用每一个机会来提高自己。（put simply）(汉译英）【答案】Put simply, you should/ought to/are supposed to make the most of/make the best of/make full use of/make good use of every chance/opportu
115、nity to improve yourself.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。分析句子可知，主语“你”译为“you”，谓语“充分利用”，译为“make the most of/make the best of/make full use of/make good use of ”，宾语“每一个机会”，译为“every chance/opportunity ”，再根据提示及其他汉语意思，故翻译为Put simply, you should/ought to/are supposed to make the most of/make the best of/make full use of/ma
116、ke good use of every chance/opportunity to improve yourself.62. 我们应该要找到有效的方式来减少我们公司的损失。（effective）(汉译英）【答案】We should find effective ways to reduce the loss of our company.【解析】【详解】考查形容词和动词不定式。主语是We，谓语是should find ，宾语 ways，形容词effective意为“有效的”在此修饰名词ways。动词不定式（to do）做目的状语，“我们公司的损失”the loss of our compan
117、y。故翻译为：We should find effective ways to reduce the loss of our company。63. 老师曾建议我们要保持平衡的饮食。(propose that) (汉译英）【答案】Our teacher proposed that we (should) keep a balanced diet.【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句和固定短语。建议用propose，根据句意可知，曾经做的事要用一般过去式，propose后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，即：propose that sb （should）do sth 建议某人做某事，这是个固定用法。keep a
118、 balanced diet保持均衡饮食，这是固定短语。故本句翻译为：Our teacher proposed that we (should) keep a balanced diet.64. 他很有潜力发展成为一个全面发展的个人。(potential) (汉译英）【答案】He has the potential to grow into a well-rounded individual.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“有潜力做某事”应用短语have the potential to do sth；表示“发展成为一个全面发展的个人”应用短语为grow into a wel
119、l-rounded individual，陈述的是客观情况，用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，故谓语用单数has。故翻译为He has the potential to grow into a well-rounded individual.【点睛】65. 当高中生迎接挑战时, 他们将会有机会获得巨大的知识, 享受个人成长并且对社会产生影响。（rise to, difference）(汉译英）【答案】When senior school students rise to challenges, they will have the chance/opportunity to acquire
120、 great knowledge, enjoy personal growth and make a difference to the society.【解析】【详解】考查状语从句、时态和固定短语。根据汉语意思，可知本句涉及when“当”引导时间状语从句，“迎接挑战”短语为 rise to challenges，该词为从句谓语动词。表示“有机会做某事”短语为have the chance/opportunity to do sth.，该词为主句谓语动词；表示“享受个人成长”短语为enjoy personal growth ；表示“获得巨大的知识”短语为 acquire great knowl
121、edge；表示“对产生影响”短语为make a difference to 。结合语境可知，主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时表将来。再结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：When senior school students rise to challenges, they will have the chance/opportunity to acquire great knowledge, enjoy personal growth and make a difference to the society.第四部分：书面表达（满分15分）66. 假定你是李华，你想参加学校11月4日在学校大礼堂
122、举办的英语诗歌朗诵比赛，请你给外教Mr.Smith发一封邮件，请他帮你选一首诗，并给予指导。内容包括：1.请求帮助；2.主题必须是爱和友谊；3.期待回复。注意：1. 词数不少于100；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。Dear Mr.Smith,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,How is everything going? Im writing to you in the hope of seeking for help. Our school will hold English Poetry Reading Con
123、test on 4th November. I am eager to have a try, but dont know which poem is suitable. As a lover of poetry, would you please be so kind to give me some recommendations? According to the requirements, the theme should be about love and friendship. Each contestant is given up to five minutes to read t
124、he poem in the contest. Id appreciate it if you could give me some guidance. Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Mr.Smith发一封邮件，请他帮忙选一首诗，并给予指导。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和少量一般将来时。结构：总分法要求：1.请求帮助；2.主题必须是爱和友谊；3.期待回复。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）in the hope of; be eager to; give
125、 me some recommendations; requirements; be given up to; look forward to第三步：连词成句1. Im writing to you in the hope of seeking for help.2. I am eager to have a try, but dont know which poem is suitable.3. As a lover of poetry would you please be so kind to give me some recommendations?4. According to th
126、e requirements, the theme should be about love and friendship.5.Each contestant is given up to five minutes to read the poem in the contest.6.Looking forward to your reply.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）文中运用到了表转折对比关系词but连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】高分句型1 I am eager to have a try, but dont know which poem is suitable.运用which引导宾语从句。高分句型2 Id appreciate it if you could give me some guidance.运用it作形式宾语。
