1、M5 Unit3 GrammarThe verb-ed form Teaching aims: l Get Ss to know the different uses of the verb-ed forml Get Ss to tell the differences between verb-ing form and verb-ed formStep one : Lead inCan you tell the function of the verb-ed in the following sentences?1. The excited people rushed into the bu
2、ilding.2. The the boy was more frightened than hurt. 3. Id like to see the plan carried out soon.4. When completed,the museum will be open to us.A verb-ed form can also serve as attribute , predicative , object complement and adverbial.When the verb-ed form is used as an attribute, it can be changed
3、 into an attribute clause. Now please tell the use of the verb-ed form in the following sentences.Step two: Used as attributiveCan you change the following attributive clauses into verb-ed form?(1) We should drink water which has been boiled.(2) They took the woman who was injured to the nearby hosp
4、ital at once(3) The kidnappers were using a car which was stolen.(4) The dark-haired man went into the room. (5) The name which was mentioned in the letter was unknown to me.(6) The firemen were trying to rescue the people who were trapped in the fire.比较：a flying bird / the flown goodsa falling /fal
5、len treethe rising /risen suna destroyed housea sport loved by many peoplean inspiring story /the inspired children作定语：过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系或过去分词表示的动作已完成；现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。u The picture hanging on the wall is paintedby my nephew.u The building being built is a hospital.u The flowers smelling s
6、weet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.u Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, known as 3M.u The key to solving the problem is to meet the demand made by the customers. u Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than sto
7、re prices. Step Three: Used as predicatives1. Look at the following sentences:(1) Edison became interested in science when he was very young.(2)The little boy was very excited when he heard that he could go to the party.(3)Youll soon get used to the school life here.The verb-ed forms interested and
8、excited in the two sentences are used as predicatives. They follow link verbs.作表语：一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite， interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到”都用-ed形式。换句话说，-ed形式常和人有关，-ing形式常和物有关。look, expression等词作主语时常用-ed形式作表语，但有时要看
9、具体情况。请在下面的几组句中体会他们的区别。Step four: Used as object complements 1. Look at some sentences:(1) He tried to make himself understood by his students in class.(2) I had my hair cut yesterday.2.作补语：跟分词作宾补的动词有：catch, have get, keep, hear, find, feel, leave, make, want, start, notice, observe, watch, set等。在复合宾
10、语中，用现在分词作宾补，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系；用过去分词作宾补，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 3.There was so much noise that the speaker couldnt make himself heardWhen he awoke, he found himself being looked after by an old woman.Just now I caught him stealing things from the supermarket.Laws that punish parents for their li
11、ttle childrens actions against the laws get parents worried. Step five: Used as adverbs1. Look at some sentences(1) The cake was left untouched on the table.(2) The girl lay trapped under the wreckage.(3) The girl lay in bed lost in thought.= The girl lay in bed and was lost in thought. (4) The boy
12、sat at the table buried in his homework.= The boy sat at the table and was buried in his homework.2. a) Frightened by the scene, the girl did not dare go out alone. b) Once seen , it can never be forgotten.c) Unless invited , I will not go to the party.d) Given another five days, I could finish it i
13、n time.e) Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.f) When told the news, he couldnt help crying.注意：过去分词的逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致.3.The differences between verb-ed forms and the verb-ing forms:作状语：分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语保持一致的情况下，如果分词和句子的主语之间在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词，否则用现在分词。分词短语也可以有自己的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。分词作状语
14、可以相当于一个状语从句。现在分词的被动式，习惯上不作伴随状语。注意比较下面的句子：Seen from the space, the earth looks blue. = When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.Walking in the street, I came across an old friend.= When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend.4. 独立主格结构1）Her grandfather being ill, she had to s
15、tay at home looking after him. 2）Homework finished ,they went out to play.5. 垂悬状语1）Strictly speaking, smoking is not allowed here.2）Judging from what he said, he is a southerner.3）Taken as a whole, there is nothing important in his speech.4）To tell you the truth, I dont like English teacher.Step six
16、:所作句子成分表语定语状语宾补逻辑主语句子的主语所修饰的词句子的主语句子的宾语 Step seven: Practice1.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _the next year. （2000全国）Acarry out Bcarrying outCcarried out Dto carry out2. _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. （2000北京春季）A
17、. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 3. As we joined the big crowd I got _from my friends. （01全国）A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed4. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when_ at the meeting by my boss. （04全国IV） A. questioning B. have questionedC. questioned D. to be questioned5.
18、You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it_ often enough. （05天津卷） A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained6. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. （02全国）begins having begunbeginningbegun7. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students
19、 were finally saved by the local police (05江苏卷) A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 8. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （05湖南卷）A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed9._ time, hell make a fist-class tennis player. （03北京）A. Having given B. To giveC. Giving D. Given10. The repairs cost a lot, but its money well . （05湖北卷）Ato spend Bspent Cbeing spent Dspending Step Eight: Homework1. Review the uses of the verb-ed form2. Finish the exercises
