1、专题十三阅读补全(七选五)【考纲解读】 考点内容考查方式来源:Zxxk.Com来源:1ZXXK20192019年浙江高考阅读补全考次统计来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K来源:Z&xx&k.Com2019.112019.62019.10阅读补全(七选五)主旨句阅读补全以七选五填空的方式设题111过渡句121细节句323分析解读1.阅读补全要求考生阅读一篇 300 词左右的文章,文章中有五处句子空缺,然后从短文后所提供的七个选项中为每个空缺处选择一个最佳选项。其中有两项多余。2.阅读补全主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑的理解和掌握。其主要有主题句、细节句、过渡句三种形式。【命题探究】(
2、2019浙江11月)How to Remember What You ReadReading is important. But the next step is making sure that you remember what youve read! 1 You may have just read the text, but the ideas, concepts and images(形象) may fly right out of your head. Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read.2If
3、 the plot, characters, or word usage is confusing for you, you likely wont be able to remember what you read. Its a bit like reading a foreign language. If you dont understand what youre reading, how would you remember it? But there are a few things you can do
4、. Use a dictionary; look up the difficult words.Are you connected?Does a character remind you of a friend? Does the setting make you want to visit the place? Does the book inspire you, and make you want to read more? With some books, you may feel a connection right away. 3 How willing are you to mak
5、e the connections happen?Read it; hear it; be it!Read the lines. Then, speak them out loud. And, put some character into the words. When he was writing his novels, Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters. Hed make faces in the mirror, and change his voice for each charact
6、er. 4How often do you read?If you read frequently, youll likely have an easier time with remembering what youre reading (and what youve read). 5 As you make reading a regular part of your life, youll make more connections, stay more focused and understand the
7、text better. Youll learn to enjoy literatureas you remember what you read!命题方法1.归纳段落小标题。归纳段落标题是补全阅读主题句的主要考查方式之一。要求考生根据段落的内容选择一个合适的标题。如本文第2题。2.选择段落或意群的主题句。主题句有时也不一定是小标题,而是在句首或句尾等处的具有主题功能的句子。3.在两个不在同一语义范畴的句子和意群之间选择一个合理的过渡和关联句。如本文第1题。4.在同一个意群中间设空,要求选择一个符合本意群语义的句子。解题指导1.对于主题句的选择。除了要认真阅读文章,准确理解
8、文章之外,关注相关文章的高频词也是很重要的解题方法。一般来讲,当一篇文章目标集中于某些信息时,那么核心词出现的概率就比较大。而其标题或主题句是文章中心的体现,那么句子中出现核心词的概率还是比较大的。2.对于过渡句的解题,考生一定要准确理解上下文的逻辑关系,如因果关系,递进关系,转折关系还是补充关系。明确了上下文之间的关系,选择过渡句就比较容易了。对于此类题目,有时会出现一些相关的连词,那么我们要特别注意这些词的功能。可以根据这些词来进行选择。3.细节句的解题关键是所选择的句子在语义上一定要和相关的意群语义一致。细节句有时和上下文都有关系,而有时只和上文语义一致,有时只和下文语义一致。A.Are
9、 you confused?B.Practice makes perfect.C.Whats your motivation?D.Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.E.Marking helps you remember what you read.F.But other books require a bit more work on your part.G.You can do the same thing when you are reading the text!答案DAFGB在细节句的解题中,我们也要关注其意群中的高频词。这些词
10、往往是解题的金钥匙。命题规律1.阅读补全的文章一般为说明文或议论文,文章结构清晰完整,内容符合逻辑,适合考查概括标题、主题句以及过渡句和通过上下文确定符合逻辑的细节句。2.阅读补全的设题中细节逻辑题居多。【五年高考】Passage 1(2019浙江11月)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Remember What You ReadReading is important. But the next step is making sure that you remember what youve read! 1
11、You may have just read the text, but the ideas, concepts and images(形象) may fly right out of your head. Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read.2If the plot, characters, or word usage is confusing for you, you likely wont be able to remember what you read. Its a bit l
12、ike reading a foreign language. If you dont understand what youre reading, how would you remember it? But there are a few things you can do. Use a dictionary; look up the difficult words.Are you connected?Does a character remind you of a friend? Does the setting make you want to
13、visit the place? Does the book inspire you, and make you want to read more? With some books, you may feel a connection right away. 3 How willing are you to make the connections happen?Read it; hear it; be it!Read the lines. Then, speak them out loud. And, put some character into the words. When he w
14、as writing his novels, Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters.Hed make faces in the mirror, and change his voice for each character.4How often do you read?If you read frequently, youll likely have an easier time with remembering what youre reading (an
15、d what youve read). 5 As you make reading a regular part of your life, youll make more connections, stay more focused and understand the text better. Youll learn to enjoy literatureas you remember what you read!A.Are you confused?B.Practice makes perfect.C.What
16、;s your motivation?D.Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.E.Marking helps you remember what you read.F.But other books require a bit more work on your part.G.You can do the same thing when you are reading the text!答案1.D2.A3.F4.G5.BPassage 2(2019浙江6月)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Do M
17、an-on-the-Street InterviewsThe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot.1But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-
18、the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask,“Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?”2Hit the streets with co
19、nfidence.3Say,“Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.”This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Dont get discouraged.4Each in
20、terview that you get on the street shouldnt be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won
21、1;t be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.5If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, dont leave work without them.A.Limit your time.B.As you approach people, be polite.C.If you dont own
22、 a camera, you can buy one.D.For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.E.To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.F.That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.G.With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.答案1.D2.G3.
23、B4.A5.FPassage 3(2019课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags.
24、They had nothing in common with me. 1The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 2 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work,
25、 recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 3 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends
26、had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.4We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curt
27、ains.5It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.A.This time there was no tent.B.Things are going to be improved.C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.E.
28、I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.F.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.答案1.D2.C3.A4.F5.EPassage 4(2019课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Interruptions are one of the worst things
29、 to deal with while youre trying to get work done.1, there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now.2. Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.When pe
30、ople try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that youll find them then.3. It can help to eliminate(消除)future interruptions.When you need to talk to someone, dont do it in your own office.4, its much easier to excus
31、e yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.If you have a door to your office, make good use of it.5. If someone knocks and its not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know youre b
32、usy so they can get the hint(暗示)that when the door is closed, youre not to be disturbed.A.If youre busy, dont feel bad about saying noB.When you want to avoid interruptions at workC.Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goesD.If youre in the other pe
33、rsons office or in a public areaE.Its important that you let them know when youll be availableF.It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youG.Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not答案1.B2.A3.E4.D5.GP
34、assage 5(2019课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 1 Heres how to make one.2 In order to make a change, you need t
35、o decide why its important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.Rethink mornings. Now that you
36、 know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 3 Thats a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a
37、timer.Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If youre tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 4Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep tra
38、ck of your efforts and write down how you feel. After youve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 5If not, take another look at other methods you could try.A.Get a sleep specialist.B.Find the right motivation.C.A better plan for sleep can help.D.And consider setting a
39、second alarm.E.If the steps you take are working, keep it up.F.Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.G.Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.答案1.C2.B3.G4.F5.EPassage 6(2019北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every animal sleeps, but t
40、he reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 1One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 2We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing(加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that
41、take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 3Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 4 The synap
42、ses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights sleep, we find it harder the ne
43、xt day to concentrate and learn new informationour brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size.
44、5“You keep what matters,” Tononi says.A.We should also try to sleep well the night before.B.Its as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C.Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.D.The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded
45、 with memories.E.Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F.“Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.G.Tononis team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
46、答案1.C2.E3.F4.G5.BPassage 7(2019浙江10月)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Have a Successful Teenage LifeEveryone wants to succeed in their life, dont they? Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isnt that hard.1Do well in school. No matter
47、how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school; listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future.2Do good i
48、n your community .(社区).Volunteering can not only improve your communitys status, it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression (抑郁)than people who dont,3 For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If
49、 you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about 4Remember, theyre there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes.5 You dont get to ch
50、oose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when youre an adult, you dont get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now.A.Live life to the fullest.B.School sets you up on the
51、right track!C.Be nice to your parents and teachers,D.Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.E.It will help you pass time and develop your personality.F.Here are some important points that you may find helpful.G.Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.答案
52、1.F2.B3.D4.C5.GPassage 8(2019课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Secret codes(密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years.1Code b
53、reaking never lags(落后)far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography.2For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message“Meet me.”3You might represent each letter
54、 with a number, for example. Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter,the message “Meet me”would read“13 5 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must h
55、ave a code book.4For example, “bridge”might stand for “meet”and“out”might stand for “me”.The message“Bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.”5However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B.In
56、 any language, some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a code book,you might write down wor
57、ds that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.答案1.D2.E3.G4.F5.APassage 9(2019课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just
58、right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和)of its parts?1.But it doesnt happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.2Some
59、people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料).3.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them com
60、es from our earliest years.Recall(回忆) your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important.4how being in those gardens made
61、us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.5.Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A.Know why you gardenB.Find a good place for your ow
62、n gardenC.Its our experience of the garden that mattersD.Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF.You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooG.For each of those gardens, write down
63、the strongest memory you have答案1.F2.A3.E4.C5.GPassage 10(2019课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone knows that fish is good for health.1But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twic
64、e as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. 2 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.3 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge. Any fishy or strong smell me
65、ans the fish isnt fresh. 4When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh
66、one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. 5First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.)Then, its ready to serve.A.Do n
67、ot buy it.B.The easiest is to steam it.C.This is how you can do it.D.It just requires a little knowledge.E.The fish will go bad within hours.F.When buying fish, you should first smell it.G.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.答案1.G2.D3.F4.A5.BPassage 11(2019四川)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出
68、能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 1In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones bet
69、ween men and women. 2Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.3They help the bo
70、dy defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.4Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging, but they believe that t
71、hey do. Some think that a womans body cells have a tendency(倾向)to age more slowly than a mans. Others think that a mans body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.5A.However, women, on average, live longer.B.The biological factor plays an important part.C.Women are
72、also helped by their female genes.D.The female hormones also protect the body in another way.E.Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.F.Therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.G.Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control vario
73、us body functions.答案1.A2.G3.D4.C5.EPassage 12(2019课标)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.1Trust is a risk.But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relation
74、ship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately,weve all been victims of betrayal.Whether weve been stolen from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can⣺
75、11;t trust anymore.2Its understandable,but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there.3Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-be
76、ing.4If youve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a“victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives,well have our trust tested or violated.You didnt lose“everything”.Once trus
77、t is lost,what is left?Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.5Instead,its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to real
78、ly trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their fu
79、ture relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.答案1.B2.E3.A4.C5.GPassage 13(2019课标)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady,gradual increases in the length of the runs
80、.1,buy the best-fitting,best-built running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet,so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right,walk in them for a few days to double-c
81、heck the fit.2.As always,you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week,do not think about distance,but run five minutes longer each day.3,it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week,set a goal of at least a mile and a half per
82、run.4.After two weeks,start timing yourself.5.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A.After six daysB.For a good marathon runnerC.Before you begin your trainingD.With each day,increase the distance by a half mileE.If they s
83、till feel good,you can begin running in themF.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time答案1.C2.E3.A4.D5.GPassage 14(2019课标)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The jobs of the future have not yet been invented.
84、1By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1.CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious.2Ask kids,“What ingredients(配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?”and then try them out.Did those ingredients make the pancakes b
85、etter?What could we try next time?2.CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.3There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creat
86、ivity.3.Interpersonal SkillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know whats going on inside our own head,but what about others?Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.4“Why do you think shes crying?
87、”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?”“If someone were to do that to you,how would you feel?”4.Self Expression5There are many ways to express thoughts and ideasmusic,acting,drawing,building,photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A.Enco
88、urage kids to cook with youB.And we cant forget science education.C.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D.So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?E.Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F.We can
89、do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G.Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.答案1.D2.A3.C4.F5.GPassage 15(2019北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Evaluating Sources(来源)of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health
90、 requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information,how to separate fact from opinion,how to recognize poor reasoning,and how
91、 to analyze information and the reliability of sources.1Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported,and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.2Watch for misleading lan
92、guage.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome;this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.3Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true
93、,probably it is.Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.4Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully,and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).5Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration,but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.De
94、veloping the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.A.Make choices that are right for you.B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.D.And examine the findings of the original
95、research.E.Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.F.Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.答案1.G2.D3.F4.B5.AP
96、assage 16(2019辽宁)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life.Every waking moment,the eyes are working to see the world around us.Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight,but its easy to include steps into our daily life
97、 to ensure healthy eyes.Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:Schedule yearly exams.1Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment,
98、including eyeglasses.Protect against UV rays(紫外线).Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is,its extremely important to wear sunglasses.2Give your eyes a break.Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital produ
99、cts.3Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule:every 20 minutes,take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.4As part of a healthy diet,eat more fruits and vegetables each day.Vitamins(维生素)C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.Practice safe wear and care of
100、 contact lenses(隐形眼镜).Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight.While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses,many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.5Otherwise,you may have problems such as red eyes,pain in the eyes,or a more serious cond
101、ition.A.Eat your greens.B.Eye care should begin early in life.C.They can properly protect your eyes.D.Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.E.Parents usually dont care about their own eyesight.F.Always follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear.G.This frequent eye activi
102、ty increases the risk for eye tiredness.答案1.B2.C3.G4.A5.FPassage 17(2019课标)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience,there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often:ability,money,and time.1Money is a topic Ill sav
103、e for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:1.Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when Im already hungry and theres nothi
104、ng ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook?Do you have the right materials already?22.Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal,make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread?3It takes around the same amo
105、unt of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.3.4This may surprise you,but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.Th
106、e more you learn and the more you try,the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.Hopefully that gives you a good start.5 And dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!A.Try new things.B.Ability is easily
107、 improved.C.Make three or four instead.D.Understand your food better.E.Cooking is a burden for many people.F.Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.G.A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.答案1.B2.G3.C4.A5.FPassage 18(2019北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
108、两项为多余选项。UrbanizationUntil relatively recently,the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city.The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.1In fact,nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的)villages.It was not until the 20th century that Grea
109、t Britain became the first urban society in historya society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning.2The process of urbanizationthe migration(迁徙)of people from the countryside to the citywas the result of modernization,which has rap
110、idly transformed how people live and where they live.In 1900,fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas.Today,over 82% of Americans live in cities.Only about 2% live on farms.3Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized.Even in advanced agricultural societies,it took a
111、bout ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.4Until modern times,those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英)and the servants,laborers and professionals who served them.Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rura
112、l population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries,the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.5Today,instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people,one American farmer is able to feed mo
113、re than a hundred non-farmers.A.That kept cities very small.B.The rest live in small towns.C.The effects of urban living on people should be considered.D.Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.E.But even 200 years ago,only a few people could live in cities.F.Modernization drew peo
114、ple to the cities and made farmers more productive.G.Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.答案1.E2.D3.B4.A5.FPassage 19(2019辽宁)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ForgivenessTo forgive is a virtue,but no one has ever said it is easy.When someone has deeply
115、hurt you,it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate.However,forgiveness is possible,and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.People who forgive show less sadness,anger and stress and more hopefulness,according to a recent research.1Try the following steps:Ca
116、lm yourself.2You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure:a beautiful scene in nature,or someone you love.Dont wait for an apology.Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont
117、 see things the same way.3Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者).Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain.Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings,l
118、earn to look for the love,beauty and kindness around you.4If you understand your offender,you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness,fear,and even love.You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offenders point of view.Dont forget to forgive yourself.5
119、But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you dont do it.A.Why should you forgive?B.How should you start to forgive?C.Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.D.Try to see things from your offenders angle.E.For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.F.To make
120、your anger die away,try a simple stress-management technique.G.If you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting an awfully long time.答案1.B2.F3.G4.D5.E【三年模拟】A组20192019年模拟基础题组Passage 1 (2019浙江宁波十校联考)Parties and social gatherings no longer excite us the same way they once did. 1 At parties, mor
121、e people are on their smartphones than on their drinks. According to a recent International Data Corporation study, well over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach for it the moment they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. In addition, too much of society is using smartphones while driv
122、ing and as a result getting into car crashes. Thirty-four percent of teens admit texting while driving. 2 Peoples attachment to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others.Just as drivers dismiss the importance of focusing while on the
123、road, many people also fail to recognize the significance of human interaction. We are starting to get used to people seemingly talking to themselves everywhere. 3 It is actually sending a message to that friend: the person I am texting is more important than you. In addition, relying on our smartph
124、ones to make friends does not give us the same advantage as being able to make new friendships in the real world. 4As many people risk their lives and the lives of people around them just to send a text or mindlessly check their messages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. This t
125、echnology is seriously preventing societal achievements and weakening the value of communication. 5A.And they confirm that text messaging is their number one driving interruption.B.Face-to-face conversations will give us much stronger communication skills in the long run.C.Overdependence on the smar
126、tphone gives rise to many problems.D.It is true that we can make new friends using smartphones.E.Not only is the smartphone affecting our desire to interact face to face but it is also lowering societys ability to communicate.F.When with their friends, some people pointlessly check or send
127、 text messages in the presence of a friend.G.This is not due to a lack of desire to socialize, but the smartphone.答案1.G2.A3.F4.B5.EPassage 2 (2019浙江温州九校联考)The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the ri
128、sk seems worth taking.1Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why?Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring.2
129、As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then?Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, tho
130、ugh, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it.3No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during y
131、our teenage years.4To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.5For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a
132、part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A.It all depends on your character.B.Those are the risks you should jump to take.C.Being better at those t
133、hings meant a greater chance of survival.D.Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F.However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G.New brain resea
134、rch suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.答案1.F2.C3.A4.E5.GPassage 3(2019浙江宁波诺丁汉大学附中11月月考)Getting olderNo one really knows how and why people change as they get older. 1 Aging is a complex and varied process that varies in how it affects different people and organs. I
135、n fact, even in one person, different organ systems “age” at different rates.At a certain point in our lives our body systems will begin to weaken. 2 It may become more difficult for us to see and hear. The slow change of aging causes our bodies to lose some of their ability to bounce back from dise
136、ase and injury. In order to live longer, we have always tried to slow or stop this change that leads us toward the end of our lives.3 A good diet plays an important role. The amount and the type of exercise we get are another two factors. 4 But scientists studying the aging problem want to know: why
137、 do people grow old? They hope that by studying the aging medical science they may be able to make the length of life longer.5 Many consider the later part of life to be the best time for living. Physical activity may become less, but often we get better understanding of the world and ourselves.What
138、 we consider the old age now may only be middle-aged someday soon. With so many advances in medical science happening so quickly, life length may one day be measured in centuries, rather than in years!A.Our living condition is yet another.B.Many factors decide our health.C.Our strength may become we
139、aker.D.As for diet, people are advised to eat less salt and sugar.E.There is nothing to be afraid of as the old age comes.F.Symptoms include a lack of energy, slow reactions, insomnia and poor memory.G.Also, no theory sufficiently explains all the changes of the aging process.答案1.G2.C3.B4.A5.EPassag
140、e 4(2019浙江温州平阳中学11月月考)If ever there was living proof that marathon running keeps you fit, Jenny Wood Allen from Dundee is it. 1 She was 71 and she didnt even have proper training shoes then.At first she could only run to the end of her avenue, which is about three quarters of a mile. She h
141、ad problems getting back and had to either take a bus or ask somebody for a lift. Within a couple of months, however, she was managing two or three miles.2 When it comes to marathon running, however, the experts are divided. One of them, Professor Craig Sharp says that if you are reasonably fit, you
142、 can probably run for two hours at a medium pace and feel OK. At this point your muscles run out of glycogen(糖原)the best source of energy we have. This means you start using fat for energy, and your body has to work harder to transform fat into energy. This happens at a time when you are starting to
143、 feel exhausted. And it can hurt your heart in the long run. 3Other specialists have a very different opinion. Dr. Percy Brown believes that if you train reasonably and prepare several months in advance, it could even help you live longer. He argues that after 1620 miles, you have to slow down and r
144、unning gets really hard. 4 After a quick top up of water and a rest, most go home and make a full recovery. Only 1 in 1,000 actually makes it to hospital.Another problem may be post-race exhaustion. Surveys show most runners are much more likely to catch colds or develop chest infections in the week
145、 after running a race. 5 Theres no evidence of lasting disease or an increased risk of illness. A.In spite of this, marathon running is bad for your health.B.He believes that the only problem you may have when running a marathon is exhaustion or a small injury caused by falling or tripping
146、 over things.C.Scientifically speaking, human beings are perfectly designed for jumping, running and walking long distances.D.Nowadays marathon is an increasingly popular sport in the world.E.But this weakening effect on the system is temporary.F.She started by running to the shops, wearing a thick
147、jacket, and carrying her shopping bag.G.All this is proofhe believesthat the body isnt designed for long-distance running.答案1.F2.C3.G4.B5.EPassage 5(2019江淮十校联考)Protecting Your EyesightNowadays most people have bad eyesight. Dont take your eyes for granted. Here are some tips on p
148、rotecting your eyesight.Eat for good vision.Protecting your eyes starts with the food on your plate. Nutrients such as vitamin C and vitamin E may help ward off(avoid)vision problems.1You can choose green vegetables, eggs,beans and other non-meat protein sources.Wear sunglasses for good vision.2Choo
149、se sunglasses that block 99% to 100% of both UVA and UVB rays. If you wear contact lenses, choose those that offer UV protection. Its still a good idea to wear sunglasses for more protection.Quit smoking.Smoking makes you more likely to get cataracts(白内障),optic nerve(视觉神经)damage,and macula
150、r degeneration(黄斑部退化).If you have tried to quit smoking before and started smoking again,keep trying. The more times you try to quit smoking,the more likely you are to succeed.3Staring at a computer screen can cause so many problems:dry eyes, headaches and neck, back and shoulder pain. To protect yo
151、ur eyes, you can position your computer so that your eyes are level with the top of the monitor. This allows you to look slightly down at the screen. Try to avoid glare on your computer from windows and lights. Use an anti-glare screen if needed. Every 20 minutes, rest your eyes by looking 20 feet a
152、way for 20 seconds.4Visit your eye doctor regularly.Everyone, even young children, should get their eyes examined regularly.5They can also find some eye diseases,such as glaucoma(青光眼). The earlier diseases are found, the easier they are to be treated.A.Use safe eyewear.B.Look away from the computer
153、for good eye health.C.Eye exams help you protect your sight and see your best.D.Regularly eating nutritious foods can lead to good eye health.E.Wear glasses when examined under the guidance of your doctor.F.At least every two hours, get up and take a 15-minute break.G.The right kind of sunglasses wi
154、ll help protect your eyes from the suns ultraviolet(紫外线的)rays.答案1.D2.A3.B4.F5.CB组20192019年模拟提升题组Passage 1 (2019稽阳联考)Too much sun can do more than turn your skin red or brown. It can actually make you sick. Here are some symptoms of sun poisoning.1Summer isnt exactly the flu seaso
155、n, so if you have flu-like symptoms after a long day in the sun, you may be to blame. “When the skin is damaged by UV rays, it releases chemicals that make you feel terrible like youve got the flu,”says John Anthony, MD, dermatologist at Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio. 2 It is often t
156、he term used for a severe case of sunburn. So, when you turn the corner from uncomfortable redness to a deep redness that makes you feel sick, thats a sign youve been out too much.3“A lot of these symptoms can be caused by a combination of too much sun and dehydration(脱水).”says D
157、r. Anthony. If your head feels off, or you have a headache, find shade immediately.You have a fever.A fever is a sign that somethings not right with your body. If your temperature rises once youre out of the sun and you feel generally unwell, play it safe and call your doctor or
158、head to urgent care.“4 Better safe than sorry,”says Dr. Anthony.You fall asleep in the sun.“I usually see sun poisoning in people who fall asleep in the sun and then get burned terribly.”says Dr. Anthony. 5 It could happen as soon as you get inside or take over while youre sleeping that ni
159、ght. So if youve accidentally spent an entire afternoon catching rays or unprotected skin, take precautions even if you feel just fine.A.Your skin has a red swelling.B.You feel dizzy or lightheaded.C.You feel like you have the flu.D.Without enough water, your body cant function p
160、roperly.E.Sun poisoning doesnt really mean youve been poisoned.F.The time it takes for sunburn to reach its maximum burn varies.G.If you have a fever and chill, its a good idea to see or call a doctor.答案1.C2.E3.B4.G5.FPassage 2(2019温州十校联合体)The Golden Gate Bridge has bee
161、n called one of the worlds most beautiful bridges.1 Experts say about 9 million people visit the bridge each year. They say more than 1,000 million vehicles have used the bridge since it opened almost 80 years ago.The bridge has always been painted the color called “International Orange”.
162、The color was chosen because it went well with the natural surroundings.2But the Golden Gate Bridge was not named for its orange color. It was named for the body of water that it crosses, the Golden Gate Strait. The Golden Gate Strait is the entrance to the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean.
163、The Golden Gate Bridge links the city of San Francisco with Marin County, California.3People living in the area needed another way to get to the city besides the small ferry boats.The chief engineer for the project was Joseph Strauss. Work began in 1933. Mr. Strauss demanded the strongest safety pro
164、tections in the history of bridge building. A special safety net was hung under the bridge. This net saved the lives of 19 men during the construction.4The Golden Gate Bridge opened in 1937. It extends 1,280 meters across the water.5That is when the Verrazano Narrows Bridge opened in New York City.
165、A.The project cost more than $35 million, completing ahead of time and under budget(预算).B.It is also one of the most visited places in the world.C.Still, 11 others were killed when they fell from the bridge through the net.D.The bridge is popular with walkers and bicyclists.E.It is also easier to se
166、e in the heavy frog that often covers the area.F.It was the largest suspension (悬索桥) bridge in the world until 1964.G.Planning for the bridge began in the 1920s when the area around San Francisco was growing.答案1.B2.E3.G4.C5.FPassage 3(2019浙江嘉兴一中10月月考)If I were a boy again, I would practice persevera
167、nce more often, and never give up a thing because it was hard or inconvenient. if we want light, we must conquer darkness. 1 “There are only two creatures,” says a proverb, “who can surmount(越过) the pyramidsthe eagle and the snail.”If I were a boy again, I would fall into a habit of attention. I wou
168、ld let nothing come between me and the subject in hand. 2 The habit of attention becomes part of our life, if we begin early enough.I often hear grown-up people say“I could not fix my attention on the lecture or book, although I wished to do so.”The reason is the habit was not formed in youth.If I w
169、ere a boy again, I would cultivate courage. “Nothing is so mild and gentle as courage, nothing so cruel and pitiless as cowardice (怯懦),” says a wise author. 3 The fear of ill exceeds(超过) the ill we fear. Dangers will arise in any career, but presence of mind will often conquer the worst of them.4If
170、I were a boy again, I would look at the bright side. Life is very much like a mirror: if you smile at it, it smiles back at you; but if you frown, you will get a similar look in return. Inner sunshine warms not only the heart of the owner, but of all that come in contact with it.5 I might write page
171、s on the importance of learning very early in life to gain that point where a young boy can stand straight and decline doing an unworthy act because it is unworthy.Finally, instead of trying hard to be happy, as if that were the sole purpose of life, I would, if I were a boy again, try still harder
172、to make others happy.A.Its easy to give up.B.If I were a boy again, I would school myself to say “No” often.C.We often look for trouble, and expect that may never appear.D.I would remember that a good skater never tries to skate in two directions at once.E.If I were a boy again, I would de
173、mand of myself more courtesy towards my companions and friends and indeed towards strangers as well.F.Perseverance can sometimes equal genius in its results.G.Be prepared for any fate, and there is nothing to fear.答案1.F2.D3.C4.G5.BPassage 4(2019安徽皖南八校联考)Speaking is not equal to learning1.You don
174、49011;t need to study grammar too much.The first suggestion may sound strange to many students who begin to learn English, but it is exactly important. 1 However, if you want to speak fluently, you should try to speak English without thinking too much of grammar. Studying grammar will only slow you
175、down and make you hesitate. You will think about the grammar rules instead of naturally saying a sentence like a native.2.You cant translate every word.When you try to speak English, you do not need to translate every word from your mother tongue. 2 Another problem you may meet is that you
176、 will misuse the grammar rules that you have learned in your mother language.3.3The reason why many people can learn well is that they often practise. In order to speak English fluently, you need to practise speaking. When you study, dont just listen. Speak out loud the material you are li
177、stening to and practise what you hear. Practise speaking out loud until your mouth and brain can do it without any effort.44.You should study correct material.A phrase you often hear is “Practice makes perfect.” This is not completely true.Practice only makes what you are practising permanent. If yo
178、u practise the incorrect sentence, you will have perfected saying the sentence incorrectly.5A.You should try to speak fluently.B.You need to practise speaking what you hear.C.By doing so, you will be able to speak English fluently.D.If you want to pass examinations, you should study grammar well.E.I
179、f you listen more, you can speak correctly and fluently sooner or later.F.Therefore, it is important that you study material that is commonly used by most people.G.The order of words is probably completely different and you may be both slow and incorrect by doing this.答案1.D2.G3.B4.C5.FPassage 5(2019
180、河北百校联盟大联考)How to Improve Eyesight NaturallyEyes are important for everybody. You must take care and try everything possible to keep them in good condition. Here are some of the tips to improve your eyesight naturally.1Strain is known to be a factor in many health conditions and eye strain is no exce
181、ption. Try meditation, yoga or other methods of stress relief to improve your vision and overall health.Try palming.Sit upright in a comfortable chair.2Cup your hands so that there is no pressure on your eyes. Let your fingers rest across your forehead. There should be no light entering your eyes. P
182、alming should be done for a period of 5 to 10 minutes to start. Palming should be relaxing. It may help to do palming in a darkened room.Avoid sugar as much as possible.3It will unpleasantly affect your eyesight,which affects the eyes by producing a larger amount of insulin(胰岛素)in the blood. Therefo
183、re, you shouldnt be having much fruit juice or something that contains a lot of sugar.Exercise your eyes.The only exercise most eyes get is that daily rubbing we give them when were tired or suffering from eye strain. But eye exercises are actually good for your eyes and can impr
184、ove your vision.4Blink as fast as you can for a few seconds, then close your eyes tightly, open and repeat. Do this exercise 3 to 4 times daily.Eat healthily.You probably hear that statement all the time but eating the right foods is necessary to good health.5Foods that are high in fiber,vitamins C
185、and D and beta-carotene as well as other vitamins and minerals can help improve your vision. Here are a few foods that can be beneficial to good vision:carrots, eggs, blueberries, spinach,kale,grapes,and fresh garlic.A.Reduce eye strain.B.Keep your eyes moist.C.Sugar is your eyes worst ene
186、my.D.Give your eyes a workout with the following exercise.E.You may not be aware that your diet affects your vision but it does.F.Close your eyes and cover them with the palms of your hands.G.Be sure to get plenty of sleep so your eyes dont strain to stay open during the day.答案1.A2.F3.C4.D5.E
