1、2012高考英语精选备考题库系列（含详解）阅读理解（九）备战2012高考，精选阅读200篇，适合高三上学期使用，希望对大家有帮助。（2011年8月）网www.%k$#From the first use of the rocket to carry satellites into space to the setting up of space stations, human beings have been putting great effort into space research. And so far, we have achieved many successes. But th
2、ere are still numerous tasks in front of us and we should not cease trying to progress.The international space station is an important step we should take in space exploration. It is not only helpful but also essential. It provides a proper space environment for many experiments that we have wanted
3、to do for a long time. It is also a base for the observations of the earth and the universe. It could also be an important base for later travel to the moon and Mars. In a word, if we want to explore space more, the first thing we should do is to set up a space station.As the space station costs a l
4、ot of money, it is hard for one country alone to establish one. The USA seems to be the only country that has the ability to build a space station alone，and it has tried to do so, but not very successful. So it aggregated many other countries to work on it together. Though it is still extremely expe
5、nsive, it is much cheaper than doing it alone. It is really a job that needs everyone s effort and will benefit everyone.But even so, the funds needed are still a big problem. As for the USA, it seems that it has too many things to spend its money on. Although it is the richest country in the world,
6、 it has much debt every year. It has to make arrangements about its finance, and try to find a balance in all these issues.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。国际空间站对于人类探索太空起着至关重要的作用。由于耗资巨大，财大气粗的美国单独建造起来也并不那么成功。只有各国合作起来，才能解决资金问题，从而使国际空间站造福全人类。1What is the authors attitude towards building and developing the international sp
7、ace station?A. Supportive. B. Doubtful.C. Critical. D. Dissatisfied.解析态度判断题。根据第一段中的“we should not cease trying to progress”和文中作者介绍国际空间站的重要性可知，作者对建设国际空间站持支持态度。答案A2From Paragraph 2 we learn that _.A. the necessity of building the international space station is not realized nowB. many experiments have
8、been done in the international space stationC. the international space station is necessary for people to explore space moreD. people have traveled to Mars from the international space station解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In a word，if we want to explore space more，the first thing we should do is to set up a space
9、 station”可知，国际空间站是进行太空探索所必需的。答案C3Which of the following is NOT a reason for countries cooperation in building the international space station?A. That it requires a lot of money.B. That it needs everyone s effort.C. That it will benefit every participating country.D. That it is too far away from the
10、earth.解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As the space station costs a lot of money.”和“It is really a job that needs everyones effort and will benefit everyone”可知，A、B、C三项均提到了，而文章中没有提到D。答案D5The underlined word “aggregated” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “_”A. united B. scoldedC. allowed D. forbade解析词义猜测题。由该词所在的语境可知，发
11、展国际空间站耗资巨大，因此美国联合其他一些国家共同来建设该工程，即该词的意思相当于united。答案A5Which of the following aspects about building the international space station is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Difficulties. B. Cooperation.C. Significance. D. Specific arrangements.解析细节理解题。第二段提到了建设国际空间站的重要性，第三段提到了建设国际空间站面临的困难和合作的重要性，但是文中没有涉及具体细节
12、安排，故答案为D。答案D长难句解读From the first use of the rocket to carry satellites into space to the setting up of space stations, human beings have been putting great effort into space research.此句较长，但是简单句，句子前半部是介词短语，结构是“from.to.”。语意：从最初使用火箭将卫星送入太空到建立空间站，人们一直在太空研究方面努力着。One potential problem with allowances is th
13、at childrens responsible behavior can become about earning the allowance rather than the intrinsic (固有的) value of their family responsibilities. For example, if you pay your children for taking out the trash, they see this chore (家务) as a job that they should be rewarded for instead of a responsibil
14、ity they must fulfill as part of the family. But giving children an allowance for weekly chores is not necessarily bad. You are rewarding them for fulfilling their family responsibilities, but it is not for a specific act. Rather, it is an appreciation of their commitment to your family values. You
15、are also conveying another important message that their actions have consequences: if they do good things, good things happen. They also learn a lesson about the market economy, namely that work is rewarded.Allowances can also be used as punishment and to teach children lessons about family values.
16、For example, if your children join a group of kids smashing (砸碎) pumpkins on Halloween, a part of a reasonable punishment might be to require them to pay the families out of their allowances to replace the pumpkins. Thus, your children learn that bad behavior has financial consequences. Also, by rel
17、ating the punishment to the misdeed, you ensure that your children see the connection and learn the value lesson.How much allowance should you pay your children？The precise amount depends on your family s financial situation, the cost of living and your childrens needs. Children can start to earn a
18、weekly allowance as early as 5 years of age. An increase of $ 1 per week for each ydar of your children s lives is realistic until they reach their midteens. When they begin to drive and date, you can calculate their expenses and establish a reasonable allowance that covers their needs.语篇解读本文为议论文，就“
19、孩子做家务要不要给予物质奖励”这一话题进行谈论。文章分析了其利与弊，最后还就怎样的金额比较合适提出了自己的看法。1The underlined sentence in the 1st paragraph probably means that “giving allowances may _”A. lead to childrens preference for money rather than anything elseB. lead to children s preference for earning money by their ownC. cause the problem th
20、at children value money more than responsibilitiesD. cause children to earn money instead of going to school解析句意理解题。根据接下来的一句的举例说明可知前一句的句意，孩子会认为做家务得到奖励是合理的，而不认为做家务是他的责任。答案为C。答案C2How many advantages of giving allowances are mentioned in the passage?A. One. B. Two.C. Three. D. Four.解析推理判断题。第一段最后三句分别提到了
21、三点好处，第二段的第一句论及了使用经济方式作为处罚的好处。显然文中共提及四点好处，故选D。答案D3When your children join a group of kids smashing pumpkins on Halloween，_.A. they should be taught that bad behavior has financial consequencesB. they should be rid of their opportunity to celebrate HalloweenC. you should give them some allowances to p
22、ay for the pumpkinsD. you should ensure your children see the connection with their lessons解析事实细节题。根据第二段第三句可知A正确，让孩子意识到做出不好的行为要承担经济后果。其他选项均与第二段内容不符。答案A4The precise allowance amount you should pay your children depends on all the following factors EXCEPT_.A. how rich or poor your family isB. how much
23、 other children receiveC. the actual needs of your childrenD. the living standard in your area解析正误判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，A、C和D均正确。故选B。答案B5It can be inferred that_.A. the author doesn t want to give any tips on the allowance amountB. allowances given to children of different ages may varyC. children under 6
24、cant be given any allowanceD. the allowance amount grows at the same speed with your children解析推理判断题。根据文章最后两句可知B正确。最后一段作者就具体数量提了自己的意见，故A错。C与第三段第三句不符，D过于绝对化。答案B长难句解读For example，if you pay your children for taking out the trash，they see this chore(家务)as a job that they should be rewarded for instead o
25、f a responsibility they must fulfill as part of the family.该句为一个多重复合句。第一层次为they see this chore as a job；第二层次有两个：if you pay your children for taking out the trash 为条件状语从句，that they should be rewarded for instead of a responsibility为定语从句修饰job。第三层次为they must fulfill as part of the family，是省略了which/that
26、的定语从句，修饰responsibility。If you want to help children develop language and speech skills, UCLA researchers say, listening to what they have to say is just as important as talking to them.The effect of a conversation between a child and an adult is about six times as great as the effect of adult speech
27、 input alone, the researchers found. “Adults speaking to children helps language develop, but what matters much more is the interaction，” said the study s lead author, Frederick Zimmerman, an associate professor in the School of Public Health at the University of California, Los Angeles. The researc
28、hers also found that TV viewing didn t have much of an effect positively or negatively as long as it wash t displacing conversations between an adult and a child.The UCLA study included 275 families with children between 2 months and 48 months old. They represented a variety of incomes and education
29、. The researchers found that, in an average day, children hear about 13,000 spoken words from adults and participated in about 400 adultchild conversations a day.Assessed separately, factors positively associated with language development included each additional 100 conversations a day and each 1,0
30、00 word increase in the number of words spoken by adults and heard by children. When looked at alone, TV was negatively associated with language development. But, when the three factors were analyzed together, the only one that stood out was conversation between adults and children.“The more a child
31、 speaks and interacts with an adult, the better idea a parent has about where the child is，” Zimmerman said. “Although it s mostly done unconsciously, parents will provide feedback and correct mistakes. Theyll also tailor their speech to the child. Parents can give a child words by talking to them a
32、bout what they re doing, such as，Im putting on your pajamas now. But give your child the opportunity to talk, hopefully without the rest of the noise in the environment，” she added. “If parents can carve out some conversation time maybe at bath time or at dinner time that s a wonderful thing.”语篇解读本文
33、是科普文。研究发现，父母和孩子之间的交谈对孩子语言的发展至关重要。这种交谈必须是双向的、互动的。1The researchers also found that TV viewing _.A. could have a positive effect on a childs language developmentB. had a little effect on a child s language developmentC. affected a childs language development more negatively than positivelyD. affected a
34、 childs language development both negatively and positively解析细节理解题。从文章第二段最后一句可知，看电视对孩子没有多少影响，无论是积极的还是消极的。答案B2Frederick Zimmerman would probably agree that _.A. parents should let their children talk most of the timeB. children should watch TV programs selectivelyC. the conversation between parents a
35、nd children should be twowayD. it s no good for parents to correct their children s mistakes when they are speaking解析推理判断题。从文章第二段内容可知，Zimmerman强调父母跟孩子之间交谈的双向性和互动性才是更重要的。答案C3We can conclude from the last paragraph that _.A. parents should let a child repeat what he or she saysB. bath time or dinner t
36、ime is the best chance for parents to talk to a childC. parentchild conversation can be carried out at any proper timeD. parents should leave a child talking alone解析推理判断题。从文章最后一段可知，父母应该随时创造跟孩子交谈的机会，时间的选择是非常灵活的。答案C4What would be the best title for the passage?A. Talk with kids, not at themB. Let your
37、 children voice their own opinionsC. How to develop a child s language abilityD. The importance of early child language development解析主旨大意题。根据文章内容分析，文章强调父母和孩子之间的交流，而且强调交流的互动性，因此A项符合文章的主旨，适合作本文标题。答案A5The underlined word “tailor” in the last paragraph can be best replaced by _.A. control B. improveC. p
38、ass D. adjust解析词义理解题。根据句子结构和语境分析，此处tailor是动词，本义是“量体裁衣”，此处的意思是不断调整以适应。故答案为D。答案D长难句解读The researchers also found that TV viewing didn t have much of an effect positively or negatively as long as it wasnt displacing conversations between an adult and a child.研究者还发现，看电视只要不取代大人和孩子之间的交谈，它就没有多大影响，无论是积极的还是消极
39、的。本句是一个复合句，that引导宾语从句，从句中又有as long as“只要”引导的条件状语从句。The HOPE IS A GAMECHANGER PROJECT will deliver unbreakable soccer balls to kids who，all too often, see things horrible, broken and not survive the simplest of circumstances. The project started taking form well before anyone knew where it would lead
40、 which is to test the power of likeminded people working together to turn inspiration into action.Four years ago Bobby was in Rwanda offering help to the people there and taking photos of a child soldier named Moise with his “soccer ball”， which was a pile of rubbish tied together with a string. Thi
41、s “ball” was the only thing Moise could call his own no family, no home, no place to go. Forced to fight in the Congo and having killed three people at the unbearably young age of seven, the boys spirit was broken. And Bobby knew, as he took one photo after the next, that hed never forget him. In fa
42、ct, he returned the following year to tell Moise he had stayed deep within his heart but he was gone.I recently helped Bobby launch his new book The Power of the Invisible Sun which features a photo of Moise, his ball, and kids from wartorn areas around the world. All of his earnings go towards the
43、HOPE IS A GAMECHANGER PROJECT for the kids he visited over the past decade. They caught the emotional landscape from heartbreak to joy, but share the undeniable longing for recovery and hope.Bobby and I share the unchangeable belief that delivering hope is really a gamechanger, especially to a child
44、. We believe that each indestructible ball will come to represent a lasting symbol of hope. A light no matter how smallThe Power of the Invisible Sun.This holiday season, I ask you to think about whether you are doing enough to help someone else in the world. Or as Bobby likes to put it, consider “t
45、aking_a_concrete_baby_step”， which added together, can create transformational change. Its my great hope that the HOPE IS A GAMECHANGER PROJECT will change the lives of children the world over one book, one ball at a time.1. In the first sentence of the passage, the writer implies that_.A. kids live
46、 an unsafe life in parts of the worldB. the balls sent to kids should be of good qualityC. young kids can not overcome the difficultiesD. kids intend to break their toys into pieces解析考查推理判断能力。从第一句中可以看出孩子们处于一个与家人分离并无法生存的境地，故选A。而B、C、D三个答案与文章提到的事实相反。答案A2. The purpose of The HOPE IS A GAMECHANGER PROJEC
47、T is to_.A. send ball gifts to kids in poor countriesB. collect money to help kids in needC. comfort kids in wartorn areasD. offer kids help to change their lives解析考查对作者意图的理解能力。通过最后一句关键信息“change the lives of children the world overone book，one ball at a time.”可以得出答案。答案D3. How may Bobby feel about Mo
48、sie?A. He was very proud of Mosies bravery.B. He felt sorry for Mosies ruined childhood.C. He thought money could solve Mosies problem.D. He felt happy to tell him what was in his heart.解析考查细节理解能力。从第二段中可以看出Mosie无家可归的悲惨童年。答案B4. Which of the following about Bobbys new book is TRUE?A. It earned a lot o
49、f money to help kids like Mosie.B. The photos inside reflected the kids hopeless life.C. Its title shows the authors belief to change the world.D. It changed the life of the kids recorded in the book.解析考查推理判断能力。书名中的关键词The Power of the Invisible Sun和A light no matter how small.是答案的信息点来源。答案C5. The und
50、erlined part in the last paragraph probably means_.A. starting the first step as a baby doesB. taking an active action from now onC. making great changes step by stepD. doing some small but good deeds解析考查猜词能力。尽管每一选项都接近意思，但从后句“which added together，can create transformational change.”暗示，每个人都做一件小小好事，聚集
51、在一起将改变孩子的生活。答案DWestern New Bridge Library AnnouncementShortened Library Hours for Spring BreakLibrary Hours have been shortened to 7 hours a day (900 a. m. 400 p. m. ) for Spring Break from March 24 to March 30.Coming EventsOn Monday, March 24, at 1030 a. m. , Scott Sutton, a childrens writer, will
52、tell stories to kids over seven. Sutton s attractive style will surely inspire everyone present ！At 200 p. m. , on March 25, a lecture will be delivered in Room 201, which focuses on the development of writing skill. Famous tutors from the district won t disappoint you.At 100 p. m. ，on March 26, the
53、 Georgetown Musicians will present an Irish Folk Concert, which will be entertaining for the entire family. Come for the music and stay to check out some relevant books for the rest of the week！On Thursday, March 27, at 200 p. m. , the annual Children s Gathering will take place in Room 201, the sec
54、ond floor. Pick up an invitation in the Children s Room and return your RSVP (回复)to reserve your seat at the table by 300 p. m. on Tuesday, March 25. Only children are allowed in the Gathering.At 1030 am. on Friday, March 28, Enzo Monfre of the hit kids science show, ENZOology, will bring Fossils Li
55、ve! Surely Enzo will take the audience back in time, deep beneath the surface of the earth, to uncover the mysteries of killer dinosaurs, and more. Enzo recently appeared on the Ellen DeGeneres Show come and see him at the library！Please note: In case of emergency, please call the Help Desk at 926 3
56、736 and follow the procedures outlined on the voice message. The calldown service is staffed 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for emergencies. The Help Desk supplies service to you all the year round! For questions about all these, please contact_hld_wnbl._corg.Come for the great Fun; Stay for the rele
57、vant Books！语篇解读本文是一则通知，属于应用文。文章主要介绍了寒假期间学校图书馆作息时间的变化及将要举行的一系列活动。1Tim wants to polish his writing, it is best for him to attend the related activity on_.A. MondayB. TuesdayC. Thursday D. Friday解析推理判断题。根据Coming Events中的第一、二两条信息判断，提高写作技能的活动是在March 25举行的，而由第一条信息可知March 24是星期一，所以选B。答案B2Which of the follo
58、wing descriptions about the annual Children s Gathering is true?A. Tickets are a must in order to attend it.B. Only those who have received an invitation are admitted in the Gathering.C. You have to make a reply to the invitation to make sure you get a seat.D. You d better apply in advance because t
59、here are not enough seats for everyone.解析细节判断题。根据第四条信息可知，要想参加该活动，需要在儿童室取请帖并回复以预订座位，因此C项正确。答案C3Which of the following is NOT true according to the announcement?A. The children who are interested in the mysteries of killer dinosaurs can attend the Ellen DeGeneres Show on Friday.B. Children can t atten
60、d all the activities with their parents.C. Children can choose more than one of the activities.D. Children can borrow some relevant books for the activities.解析细节判断题。根据第五条信息的最后一句可知A选项中的the Ellen DeGeneres Show并非在假期所举办的活动。答案A4If there is an emergency, you should_.A. call the Help DeskB. contact hld wn
61、bl. corgC. stay in the library and waitD. ring 926 3637解析细节理解题。由注意事项中的第一句话可知答案。答案A5The announcement is mainly intended for_.A. staff members of the libraryB. parents of the school childrenC. the school childrenD. volunteers of the activities解析推理判断题。根据通知内容可知，活动是为学生举办的，这则通知主要是让他们了解活动的时间、地点及相关内容。答案CMs
62、Tan, you ve referred to your new novel as your eighth book.Thats because it took me six or seven attempts at a second novel before I started and completed this one.Why do you think you had so many false starts?I would say that my reasons were wrong: I was trying to prove that I wasnt just a mother-d
63、aughter storyteller, or I was trying to prove that I didn t just have to write about things that were strictly Chinese or Chinese-American. Those were never the right reasons for writing those early stories. And I could never come up with other, better reasons for continuing them.What kept you going
64、 on this book?This book was different because it was based on my mother s real life. The reason for writing it became more personal and emotional. After The Joy Luck Club came out, my mother was always explaining to people that she wasn t any of the mothers in that book. And at one point she said to
65、 me, “Next book tells my true story.” And then she started telling me things I never knew before. She also told me many, many stories，because my mother doesn t generalize. The book really grew out of that.Have you ever visited China?Yes. I ve been there twice: about three years ago and then again la
66、st November, both times with my mother and my husband.Was it difficult to capture the Chinese-American dialect without sounding like a parody(拙劣的模仿)?No, because it s the language I ve heard all my life from my mother. She speaks English as it s direct translation from Chinese. But its more than that
67、: Her language also has more imagery than English.Can you think of an example?Somebody might say to me, “Dont work so hard. Youll kill yourself.” My mother will say to me，“Why do you press all your brains out on this page for someone else？” So it s very vivid. That s the way she talks.Have many read
68、ers told you that the Chinese mother in your book reminded them of the typical Jewish (有癖好的) mother?Many people have told me that. I think the mother-daughter relationship is very intense in both cases. Culturally there is an acceptance that mothers have the power to tell their children, especially
69、their daughters, how to conduct their lives not simply up until the time they are 18, but for the rest of their lives. However, when children grow up in a different culture from their parents， they tend to keep more secrets from their parents. The children think, “They just wouldn t understand that
70、I had to do this.” And that can really create a gap, and it can grow as the number of secrets grows.语篇解读这是一篇人物访谈纪实。通读这篇访谈录，我们可以了解华裔美国作家Ms Tan创作第二部作品的经历。1Based on the questions in this interview, what do you think Ms Tan s profession is?A. A journalist. B. A storywriter.C. An interviewer. D. An inter
71、viewee.解析推理判断题。根据文中的“your new novel，a second novel”等关键词及访谈内容可知，Ms Tan是一名小说家。C、D两项有一定的干扰性，注意题干中问的是“profession(职业)”。答案B2What s TRUE about Tan s second book?A. It s about her real life in America.B. The name of the book is The Joy Luck Club.C. It is the result of many times of careful thought.D. It inc
72、ludes many works of her mother.解析细节判断题。根据文中的“it took me six or seven attempts at a second novel before I started and completed this one”可知，Tan在完成这部书的写作之前曾经历过六、七次尝试，说明这本书是她经过多次深思熟虑的产物。答案C3Which question is NOT answered in the interview?A. How does she think of her mother s language?B. How many books
73、does she plan to write?C. When did she visit China?D. How is generation gap created?解析细节理解题。“她计划写几本书？”这个问题在文中找不到答案，其他三项文中均有涉及。答案B4We can infer that_.A. Tan s mother is a good storytellerB. Tan plans to write another book about her motherC. Tan plans to return to ChinaD. Tan s mother is hard to commu
74、nicate with because of personality解析推理判断题。根据文中的“She also told me many，many stories，because my mother doesnt generalize”和“So its very vivid. Thats the way she talks”可知，Tan的母亲是一位善于讲故事的人。答案A5The last paragraph mainly talks about_.A. how to keep secrets from parentsB. how to deal with the mother-daughte
75、r relationshipC. how to conduct the livesD. how the generation gap comes about解析段落主旨题。此段大意是：传统地认为母亲有教育孩子们一生如何生活的权力，而孩子们随着年龄的增长，他们不愿将自己的秘密告诉父母，从而产生了代沟。因此本段主要阐述的是代沟是如何产生的。答案D“Luck is a matter of preparation meeting opportunity，” said the American talk show host Oprah Winfrey. I ve never watched her sh
76、ow, but when a self-made billionaire gives life advice it s probably worth listening to.Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you re a Chinese，you
77、may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump (树桩) for a rabbit to run out and break its neck.A book by the UK psychologist Richard Wiseman, called The Luck Factor, argues we can all make ourselves luckier. It s not about going to a temple to burn some incense (香) in hope
78、s that the gods will give you good fortune; it s practical advice you can follow each day.Wiseman conducted an experiment as part of his studies. First he divided volunteers into two groups：those who said they were lucky in life and those who said they were not. He gave everyone a newspaper and aske
79、d them to look through it to count how many photographs it had inside. On average, the unlucky people took about two minutes to count the photographs while the lucky people took just seconds. Why? On the second page of the newspaper, a command, “Stop counting. There are 43 photographs in this newspa
80、per，” was written in big letters. The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message.Its easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are “lucky”， in fact,
81、keep an open mind and dont go through the same routine every day.I first came to China in 2002 when it was considered a rather strange thing to do. Like many foreigners，my plan was to teach English for one year. Seven years later, and still here, I ve had many great opportunities such as writing for
82、 newspapers and magazines. I did not dream these would have been possible. I ve also never been sick, had an accident, got into a fight or had problems with the police. Coincidence? After reading about Professor Wiseman s studies I think not.As Wiseman advises, I usually trust my own judgment. Your
83、friends and parents may give you advice based on rational thinking, but its important to consider how you feel about each choice you make. Your feeling acts as a warning for a potential problem.Finally, try to turn bad luck into good. Even if you do fall down and break a leg, the time spent at home
84、can be used wisely to study English.语篇解读本文为议论文。作者认为命运只垂青那些有所准备的人。身处逆境，不要怨天尤人，要想方设法化厄运为好运。每个人都可以做自己命运的主人。1Which of the following proverbs most agrees with the writer s point?A. Make the best of a bad job.B. Rome was not built in a day.C. All is not gold that glitters.D. A good heart conquers ill fort
85、une.解析推理判断题。Make the best of a bad job意为“身处山穷水尽，力争柳暗花明”，与最后一段作者的观点“try to turn bad luck into good(把厄运变好运)”最为接近。故答案为A。Rome was not built in a day意为“伟业非一日可成”；All is not gold that glitters意为“闪光的东西并不都是金子”；A good heart conquers ill fortune意为“善心克厄运”。答案A2What do you know about Oprah Winfrey?A. She became f
86、amous through her family background.B. She was very lucky and seldom suffered setbacks in her life.C. She is a British talk show host.D. She became successful by her own effort.解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的a self-made billionaire可知美国talk show主持人oprah Winfrey是从白手起家，通过自我奋斗而成名的。答案D3The writer quoted the Chinese tale
87、 of a farmer in order to show_.A. luck is in your own handB. bad luck can turn into goodC. you should not sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to youD. man can conquer nature解析推理判断题。根据第二段内容可以判断，作者引用中国“守株待兔”的故事是为了说明“人们不应该待在家里等待机会的降临”的观点。答案C4From the experiment Wiseman drew the conclusion t
88、hat_.A. lucky people are quick-mindedB. unlucky people are slow to readC. lucky people often have an open mindD. unlucky people are more creative解析细节理解题。根据第四、五段内容，尤其是第五段最后一句可知，Wiseman通过试验得出结论：“幸运的人”具有开放的心态，做事不墨守成规。答案C5The underlined word “spot” is the closest in meaning to“_”A. recognize B. markC. l
89、ocate D. receive解析词义猜测题。根据上文语境及The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message可知spot在句中用作及物动词，是“发现，识别”之意。答案A长难句解读You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you.but前后为两个并列分句。在第一个分句中不定式短语to find a good
90、job用作结果状语。第二个分句含有一个宾语从句，现在分词短语waiting for the opportunity to come to you作伴随状语。Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment suggests that the answer to that question may depend on your age.Martin Doherty, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland, led the team of scientists. In this
91、experiment, Doherty and his team tested the perception(观察力) of some people, using pictures of some orange circles. The researchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people. The first group included 151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.The first gro
92、up of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background. One of the circles was larger than the other, and these people were asked to identify the larger one. Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time. Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time.Next,
93、both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles, again of different sizes, were surrounded by gray circles. Heres where the trick lies in. In some of the pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller gray circles making the orange circle appear larger than the other or
94、ange circle, which was the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surrounded by even bigger gray circles so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures, they werent fooledthey were still able to find the big
95、ger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before. Older children and adults, on the other hand, did not do as well. Older children often identified the smaller circle as the larger one, and adults got it wrong most of the time.As children get older, Doherty said, their brains may develop the abil
96、ity to identify visual context. In other words, they will begin to process the whole picture at once: the tricky gray circles, as well as the orange circle in the middle. As a result, theyre more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.1. Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to
97、evaluate_.A. childrens and adults eye-sightB. peoples ability to see accuratelyC. childrens and adults brainsD. the influence of peoples age解析考查细节理解能力。第二段第二行可以得出结论。答案B2. When asked to find the larger circle，_.A. children at 6 got it wrong 79 % of the time with no gray ones aroundB. only adults over
98、18 got it right 95% of the time with gray ones aroundC. children at 4 got it right about 79 % of the time with gray ones aroundD. adults got it right most of the time with gray ones around解析考查细节理解能力。第三段清晰地说明了辨别圆圈的比例。答案C3. According to the passage, we can know that_.A. a smaller orange circle appears
99、 bigger on a white backgroundB. an orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same sizeC. a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real sizeD. a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size解析考查细节理解能力，对第四段整体的理解和第五段最后一句可以得出答案。答案D4. Visual context may wor
100、k when children get older than_.A. 4 B. 6C. 10 D. 18解析考查推理判断能力。从第五段和第六段第一句判断得出答案。答案B5. Why are younger children not fooled?A. Because they are smarter than older children and adults.B. Because older people are influenced by their experience.C. Because peoples eyes become weaker as they grow older.D.
101、 Because their brain can hardly notice related things together.解析考查推理判断能力。第四、五、六段提及到46岁小孩和6岁以上小孩的区别是判断的依据。答案DIf you travel to a new exhibit at the San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers, you will have chances to see some meateating plants. Take bladderworts, a kind of such plant, for example. They ap
102、pear so small and grow in a quiet pond. But these are the fastestknown killers of the plant kingdom, able to capture a small insect in 1/50 of a second using a trap door!Once the trap door closes on the victim, the enzymes(酶) similar to those in the human stomach slowly digest the insect. When dinne
103、r is over, the plant opens the trap door and is ready to trap again.Meateating plants grow mostly in wet areas with soil that doesn t offer much food value. In such conditions, these amazing plants have developed insect traps to get their nutritional needs over thousands of years.North America has m
104、ore such plants than any other continent.Generally speaking, the traps may have attractive appearance to fool the eye, like pitcher plants, which get their name because they look like beautiful pitchers (a container like a bottle) full of nectar(花蜜)The Asian pitcher plant, for example, has bright co
105、lors and an attractive halfclosed lid. Curious insects are tempted to come close and take a sip, and then slide down the slippery (光滑的)slope to their deaths.Hairlike growths along the pitcher walls ensure that nothing cab escape, and the digestive enzymes can get to work. A tiny insect can be digest
106、ed in a few hours, but a fly takes a couple of days.Some of these pitchers are large enough to hold two gallons. Meateating plants only eat people in science fiction movies, but sometimes a bird or other small animals will discover that a pitcher plant isn t a good place to get a drink.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，
107、介绍了一些特别的植物靠捕食动物获得生长所需养分的“食肉植物”。1From the first paragraph, we can know that bladderworts can _.A. capture 50 small insects in a secondB. capture an insect in the shortest timeC. be found floating on a quiet lakeD. digest an insect in 1/50 of a second解析细节理解题。第一段指出，bladderworts能在1/50秒的时间内捕获一只小昆虫，是植物中已知
108、的捕获动物速度最快的，因此选B。答案B2If the trap door of a meateating plant is closed, the plant _.A. is fooling insects into taking a sipB. is producing nectarC. is tempting insects to come closeD. is enjoying a dinner解析细节判断题。第二段说，一旦“陷阱门”将猎物关起来，类似于人胃里的那些消化酶就开始慢慢地消化它了，由此判断D正确。答案D3Meateating plants can grow in wet an
109、d poor soil because they _.A. can get nutrition from animalsB. don t need much food valueC. can make the most of such conditionsD. have developed digestive enzymes解析推理判断题。这些植物生长在潮湿贫瘠的土壤中，为获得生长所需的养分，在数千年的进化中，它们演化出了捕获昆虫的“陷阱”，由此推出它们主要从动物中获取养分，而不是从土壤中获取养分。答案A4Which of the following is the picture of the
110、 Asian pitcher plant?解析推理判断题。根据第四、五、六段可知亚洲捕虫草主要有这些特征：状如水瓶，颜色鲜亮，有半掩的盖子，综合此三项可知，只有A项最合适。答案A5According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. South Asia has the most meateating plants.B. Some of the meateating plants can even eat a human.C. Hairlike growths in the plants help trap insects.D.
111、 The traps of these plants have a dull color.解析细节理解题。依据文章第三段最后一句可知，北美洲的食肉植物最多，故A错。从最后一段中的第二句可知，食肉植物是不吃人的，所以B项错。从文章倒数第二段可知，这些须状的东西可以防止小昆虫逃跑，故C项正确。从文章第四段可知，食肉植物为了吸引昆虫一般有漂亮的外形，故D项错。答案CAfter years of research and testing, the hybrid car was developed and put on the market. It s an interesting and exciti
112、ng new improvement in today s world as we look for better ways to protect the quality of the air we breathe and conserve our natural resources.The quality of our air is affected by many different things. But one of the largest sources of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and
113、gasoline which is used to power a car s engine. The EPA has set national standards to help control the level of harmful pollutants sent off into the air, and the automobile industry has acted by producing a hybrid car that uses less gas and therefore causes less pollution.A hybrid car is a combinati
114、on of a regular car that runs on gasoline and an electric car that is battery powered. Some people tend to think that since the hybrid car is partially electric, you have to plug it in to charge it. But thats not how it works. The 144volt battery pack is actually recharged through the energy that is
115、 produced when the cars brakes are used. This is referred to as “regenerative braking” , because it generates electricity.Although the hybrid car still runs on gasoline most of the time, this helps it use less gas than a regular car. When the driver stops at a traffic light, the engine automatically
116、 shuts off to save fuel. Then, as soon as the driver puts the car in gear and touches the gas pedal, the engine starts back up.Have you ever ridden in a car with someone who ran out of gas? That probably wouldn t happen if you were riding in a hybrid car. It flashes a waming on its computer screen t
117、hat says, “I am low on gas”. When it completely runs out, the warning reads，“YOU ARE NOW OUT OF GAS！” Then the electric power supply kicks in to let the driver travel a few more miles to a gas station.语篇解读本文主要介绍了一种新型汽车hybrid cars的优点和生产这种汽车的原因。1Which of the following is true according to the passage?
118、A. The hybrid car will be put on the market.B. Hybrid cars run faster than regular cars.C. When the hybrid car stops at a traffic light, the driver will get a warning.D. The burning of fossil fuels is one of the largest sources of air pollution.解析细节判断题。根据第二段的“But one of the largest sources of air po
119、llution is the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and gasoline which is used to power a cars engine.”可知答案。答案D2According to the passage, the word “hybrid” refers to _.A. a hightech discoveryB. energy savingC. a new inventionD. a combination of two things解析词义猜测题。由文章的第三段的第一句“A hybrid car is a combina
120、tion of a regular car that runs on gasoline and an electric car that is battery powered.”可知答案。答案D3“Regenerative breaking” is an important process of the hybrid car because _.A. it allows the car to come to a quick stopB. it gives the driver a smoother rideC. it produces energy to charge the batteryD
121、. it can control the speed of the car解析细节理解题。由文章的第三段的“The 144volt battery pack is.because it generates electricity.”可知答案。答案C4Which of the following is right about the EPA?A. They designed hybrid cars.B. They outlawed (宣布为不合法) the burning of fossil fuels.C. They set important guidelines that help con
122、trol pollution.D. Their main purpose is to protect endangered plants and animals.解析细节理解题。由文章的第二段的第三句可知答案。答案C5Which of the following is the reason for developing hybrid cars?A. They use less gas than regular cars.B. They re safer to drive than most cars.C. Theyre more modern than other cars.D. They c
123、ost less than regular cars.解析细节理解题。由第四段的第一句“Although the hybrid car still runs on gasoline most of the time，this helps it use less gas than a regular car.”可知答案。答案AThroughout the world, boys and girls prefer to play with different types of toys. Boys typically like to play with cars and trucks, while
124、 girls typically choose to play with dolls. Why is this? A traditional sociological explanation is that boys and girls are socialized and encouraged to play with different types of toys by their parents, peers, and the “society”. Growing scientific evidence suggests, however, that boys and girls toy
125、 preferences may have a biological origin.In 2002, Gerianne M. Alexander of Texas A&M University and Melissa Hines of City University in London surprised the scientific world by showing that monkeys showed the same sextypical toy preferences as humans. In the study, Alexander and Hines gave two masc
126、uline toys (a ball and a police car), two feminine toys (a soft doll and a cooking pot), and two neutral toys (a picture book and a stuffed dog) to 44 male and 44 female monkeys. They then assessed the monkeys preference for each toy by measuring how much time they spent with each. Their data showed
127、 that male monkeys showed significantly greater interest in the masculine toys, and the female monkeys showed significantly greater interest in the feminine toys. The two sexes did not differ in their preference for the neutral toys.If children s toy preferences were largely formed by gender sociali
128、zation, as traditional sociologists claim, in which their parents give “genderappropriate” toys to boys and girls, how can these male and female monkeys have the same preferences as boys and girls？They were never socialized by humans, and they had never seen these toys before in their lives.语篇解读本文是科
129、普阅读。男孩和女孩在玩玩具方面具有明显的性别差异。这种差异是后天习得的，还是与生俱来的呢？科学家对此进行了研究。1Traditional sociologists believe boys and girls toy preferences _.A. are passed down from their parentsB. have a biological originC. have nothing to do with gender socializationD. are largely formed in later life解析细节理解题。从文章第一段的第四句和最后一段可知，传统的社会
130、学家认为男孩、女孩对玩具的偏好差异是后天形成的。答案D2The study by Alexander and Hines shows that monkeys_.A. also play toys as humans doB. also have a sextypical toy preferenceC. have no toy preferencesD. like to play different toys at different time解析细节理解题。文章第二段的第一句说明，猴子在玩玩具时，也有性别差异。答案B3Alexander and Hines carried out the
131、study to _.A. find out why boys and girls prefer different toysB. test the intelligence of monkeysC. test whether monkeys like to play toysD. find more evidence for traditional sociology解析推理判断题。从文章第一段最后一句和最后一段可知，用猴子做研究的目的是证明男孩和女孩在玩玩具时所表现出的偏好是与生俱来的，而不是后天习得的。答案A4According to the study, if given a stuf
132、fed dog, _.A. only the male monkeys showed interestB. the female monkeys showed more interestC. the male and female monkeys showed the same interestD. neither the male nor the female monkeys showed any interest解析细节理解题。从文章第二段最后一句可知，如果给一种中性的玩具，猴子表现出的兴趣没有性别差异。答案C5Masculine toys are mainly intended for_
133、.A. monkeysB. adultC. boys D. girls解析细节理解题。从文章第二段可知，这种玩具是跟女孩玩的玩具相对的，因此是指男孩玩具。答案CWhen Steve Maxwell graduated from college, he had an engineering degree and a hightech job but he couldnt balance his checkbook. “I took one finance class in college but dropped it to go on a ski trip，” says the 45yearol
134、d father of three, who lives in Windsor, Colorado. “I actually had to go to my bank and ask them to teach me how to read my statement.”One of the biggest obstacles to making money is not understanding it: Thousands of us avoid investing because we just dont get it. But to make money, you must be fin
135、ancially literate. “It bothered me that I didnt understand this stuff，” says Steve, “so I read books and magazines about money management and investing, and I asked every financial whiz (能手) I knew to explain things to me.”He and his wife started applying the lessons: They made a point to live below
136、 their means. They never bought on impulse, always negotiated better deals (on their cars，cable bills, furniture) and stayed in their home long after they went for an expensive vacation. They also put 20 percent of their annual salary into investments.Within ten years, they were millionaires, and pe
137、ople were coming to Steve for advice. “Someone would say, I need to refinance my house what should I do? A lot of times，I wouldnt know the answer, but Id go to find it and learn something in the process，” he says.In 2003, Steve quit his job to become part owner of a company that holds personal finan
138、ce seminars (研讨会) for employees of corporations like WalMart. He also started going to real estate investment seminars, and its paid off: He now owns $ 30 million worth of investment properties, including apartment complexes, a shopping mall and a quarry.“I was an engineer who never thought this lif
139、e was possible, but all it truly takes is a little selfeducation，” says Steve. “You can do anything once you understand the basics.”语篇解读经过不断的学习，史蒂夫从不懂理财的工程师发展成为善于理财的百万富翁。1. When Steve Maxwell graduated from college, he_.A. couldnt balance his work and lifeB. made up his mind to become a millionaireC
140、. didnt know how to manage his moneyD. often went to banks to borrow money解析细节理解题。根据第一段的he couldnt balance his checkbook和I actually had to go to my bank and ask them to teach me how to read my statement可知，Steve Maxwell 刚毕业后不懂得如何理财。答案C2. The underlined part “live below their means” (in Paragraph 3) p
141、robably means “_”A. take effective measuresB. live a miserable lifeC. spend more money than they hadD. spend less money than they had解析词义猜测题。根据下文“他们从来不冲动地买东西，买东西时尽量获得低价，减少外出度假计划”等线索可以推断出，史蒂夫一家在尽量减少开支。 答案D3. Since Steve Maxwell became a millionaire, he_.A. has been unwilling to help othersB. hasnt st
142、opped learning from practiceC. has been willing to follow others adviceD. has stopped to invest in houses解析推理判断题。根据第四段的A lot of times，I wouldnt know the answer，but Id go find it and learn something in the process可以看出，史蒂夫总是在教别人理财的过程中学到一些东西。 答案B4. What would be the best title for the passage?A. A self
143、made engineerB. How to balance your checkbookC. Dont avoid investingD. Educate yourself to become a millionaire解析标题归纳题。史蒂夫从开始的根本不懂理财到最后成为百万富翁，靠的是不断的学习向别人讨教，从书本上学习，D项点出了他成功的秘诀。文章最后一段的selfeducation是关键词。答案D5. It can be inferred from the passage that_.A. selfeducation is very important to ones lifeB. ev
144、eryone should learn how to invest in their lifeC. Steve Maxwell was quite interested in finance classes in collegeD. Steve became rich because he saved every penny he had earned解析细节推断题。根据文章的最后一段可知，自主学习对每一个人的人生有重大的影响，故可知选A。文中提到了Steve投资赚钱韵事情，但是无法推断出每个人都要学习如何投资；根据文章首段可知Steve为了滑雪旅行放弃了财经课，可判断C不对；D项与原文不符合
145、。答案AMankind is still evolving(进化), according to a recent study by a team of scientists led by a Yale University evolutionary biologist. But research suggests that the natural selection process is no longer driven by survival, perhaps because of differences in womens fertility(能生育性)The team examined
146、2,238 women in Framingham, Massachusetts, the US and studied the medical histories of some 14,000 residents since 1948.They found that strong，slightly fat women tend to have more children. And if this trend were to continue for the next 10 generations, by 2409 the average woman would be 2 cm shorter
147、,1 kg heavier, and have a healthier heart.That rate of evolution is pretty similar to what we see in plants and animals. Humans_don_t_seem_to_be_any_exception,_the team said.Other recent genetic research backs up that belief. One study by John Hawks, an anthropologist at the University of Wisconsin
148、at Madison, found that some 1,800 human gene variations (变异) are common in recent generations because of evolution. Among the changes are mutations (突变) that allow people to digest milk or resist malaria(疟疾) and others that govern brain development.Since the Industrial Revolution, modern humans have
149、 grown taller and stronger. It s easy to assume that evolution is making humans fitter. But according to anthropologist Peter McAllister, the contemporary male has evolved physically into “the sorriest example of male ever on the planet”. An average Neanderthal woman, McAllister notes, could have be
150、at Arnold Schwarzenegger in an armwrestling (腕力) match. And early Australian Aborigines could easily defeat Usain Bolt in a 100m dash.However, Douglas Ewbank, of the University of Pennsylvania, says that cultural factors tend to have a much greater impact than natural selection on future generations
151、, so people tend to ignore evolution s effects.And, despite evidence indicating evolution still works, Steve Jones, an evolutionary biologist at University College London, thinks that the impact of evolution on humans is not the most important. “What makes humans what we are is in our minds, in our
152、society, and not in our evolution，” said Jones.语篇解读科学家们发现人类还在不断地进化，但是他们认为自然选择对人类进化的影响已经没那么大了。1What does the underlined sentence “Humans don t seem to be any exception” imply?A. Plants and animals are evolving faster than humans.B. Evolution doesnt work in humans any longer.C. The rate of evolution i
153、n plants and animals also applies to humans.D. Humans are unique in their evolution.解析推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，人类的进化速度和动植物的很相似，人类并不例外，由此可判断动植物的进化速度也适用于人类。答案C2Why is the recent genetic research quoted in the fifth paragraph?A. To support the belief that mankind is still evolving.B. To show human gene variatio
154、ns are common in recent generations.C. To prove modern humans have grown fitter.D. To suggest that the natural selection process is no longer driven by survival.解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的Other recent genetic research backs up that belief可知最近的其他基因研究也支持“人类还在进化”这一观点，和文章开头的主题句照应。答案A3According to the passage, we ca
155、n infer that Arnold Schwarzenegger _.A. used to be a famous actorB. is an American governorC. is very weakD. is very strong解析推理判断题。第六段中举施瓦辛格的例子是为了证明在人类越来越健壮的进化中，男性成为最令人遗憾的例子。由对施瓦辛格的了解和文段内容可判断阿诺德施瓦辛格很强壮，力气很大。答案D4According to Douglas Ewbank, which of the following factors plays a greater part in the f
156、uture generations?A. Culture. B. Evolution.C. Natural selection. D. Genetic mutations.解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，在未来的后代中，起更大作用的是文化因素。答案A5What is the main idea of the passage?A. Mankind is still evolving.B. Women will get fatter.C. The history of human evolution.D. Future women tend to have more children.解析
157、主旨大意题。本文第一句就是主题句，后面都是围绕着“人类还在不断地进化”这一观点进行论述的。答案A长难句解读1.Among the changes are mutations(突变)that allow people to digest milk or resist malaria(疟疾) and others that govern brain development.本句主语很长，为了句子结构的平衡进行了倒装。主句的主语是mutations and others，定语从句that allow people to digest milk or resist malaria修饰mutations
158、，定语从句that govern brain development修饰others。2And, despite evidence indicating evolution still works, Steve Jones, an evolutionary biologist at University College London, thinks that the impact of evolution on humans is not the most important.本句的主语是Steve Jones, an evolutionary biologist at University
159、College London是Steve Jones的同位语，that引导一个宾语从句。despite evidence为介词短语作状语，后面的非谓语动词短语作evidence的后置定语。THURSDAY, July 9 ( HealthDay News) A new study that found that a lowercalorie diet slowed the aging process in monkeys could be the best proof yet that restricted diets might do the same for humans.“The big
160、 question in aging research is, Will caloric restriction in species closely related to humans slow aging？” said Richard Weindruch, senior author of a paper appearing in the July 10 issue of Science.This is the first clear demonstration that, in a primate species, we re inducing a slowdown of the agi
161、ng process showing increased survival, resistance to disease, less brain atrophy and less muscle loss.“This predicts humans would respond similarly，” added Weindruch, professor of medicine at the University of Wisconsin and an investigator at the Veterans Hospital in Madison. Another expert noted th
162、at, despite some highly publicized studies in certain species, the link between restricted eating and longer lifespan has been far from proven.“The idea that dietary restriction extends lifespan in all species is not true. Many strains of rats and mice do not respond. In some strains, it s actually
163、deleterious，” explained Felipe Sierra, director of the biology of aging program at the US National Institute on Aging (NIA), which supported the new study. “The fact that it doesnt work in some mice but it does seem to work in monkeys is surprising and it gives us hope.”But there s a larger question
164、: how to change humans increasingly lax eating habits. “This_finding_doesnt_give_me_hope_that_humans_are_going_to_go_into_dietary_restriction，” added Marianne Grant, a registered dietitian at Texas A&M Health Science Center Coastal Bend Health Education Center in Corpus Christi.语篇解读这是一篇新闻报道，研究人员通过对动
165、物的研究证明低热量的饮食可能会延长人的寿命。1The underlined word “restricted” means“_”A. limited B. satisfiedC. reserved D. fascinated解析词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，低热量的饮食可以延长猴子的寿命，这一试验证明有节制的饮食可能同样会延长人的寿命。答案A2Which of the following statements about Weindruch is true?A. This experiment indicates restricted diets could extend humans life
166、span.B. Adequate sleep is another way to reduce the speed of aging process.C. The experiment was a failure in some species such as mice.D. The experiment which had been tested on humans got a great success.解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话可知答案为A。答案A3According to Felipe Sierra s idea, we know that_.A. the restricted
167、 diets experiment really had no distinct effect on rats and miceB. humans are finding new ways to slowdown the aging process of all the speciesC. the experiment is unnecessary to be carried on because of the response of the miceD. the experiment confirmed that restricted diets extend lifespan in all
168、 species解析细节理解题。从第四段的第二句“Many strains of rats and mice do not respond.”可知答案。答案A4It can be inferred from the underlined sentence that _.A. the result of the experiment shows that humans are not pigging out nowadaysB. nowadays humans are turning unhealthy diets into lowercalorie dietsC. how to change
169、humans careless eating habits is a long way to goD. the experiment changed humans increasingly careless eating habits解析细节理解题。由画线句子可知人们目前并没有进入到控制饮食的状态中，也就是说要改变人们漫不经心的饮食习惯还有很长的路要走。答案C5The author most likely wrote this text to_.A. compare the two experiments on rats and monkeysB. illustrate the data fr
170、om the researchC. call on people to pay attention to their daily dietsD. introduce a lively debate to amuse the reader解析写作目的题。作者的目的是通过介绍试验”低热量的饮食可能会延长人的寿命”，呼吁人们注意控制饮食。答案C长难句解读Another expert noted that, despite some highly publicized studies in certain species, the link between restricted eating and
171、longer lifespan has been far from proven.本句的主句为Another expert noted that，其中that引导的是一个宾语从句。从句用despite表示让步关系，后面的far from proven意为”远没有得到证明”。The treadle pump is based on a design developed in the 1970s by Norwegian engineer Gunnar Barnes. It can be made locally.The treadle pump is easy to build from bam
172、boo or other wood and two metal cylinders (圆筒) with pistons (活塞). The pistons go up and down as a person stands on lever devices treadles and uses a natural walking motion.How many hours a day the pump needs to be operated depends on the season and how much water is needed for crops. It could be two
173、 hours a day. It could be seven hours a day.Small children sometimes stand with their parents on the treadles. Everyone in the family can take turns operating the pump.The Acumen Fund is a nonprofit group that invests in business projects to fight poverty. It studied the effects of treadle pumps in
174、the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh has three treadle pump manufacturers and more than seventythree thousand pumps.Acumen reported that families using them ate more vegetables, because they were able to grow more to eat and to sell. Many of these families also drank more milk, because t
175、hey bought a cow with their added earnings. Men with treadle pumps often no longer have to leave the farm to seek extra work in cities.The pump can also improve education. Farmers often use their extra earnings to buy books for their children or to pay for schooling.A farmer in Zambia said he hoped
176、to have enough money in three years to buy a dieselpowered pump (柴油泵). Then he could grow more crops over a larger area.But the world economic crisis has had an effect on some farmers. IDE executive director Zenia Tata says some who were able to buy diesel pumps now do not have enough money to buy f
177、uel. So they are using their treadle pumps again.语篇解读脚踏泵因其简单、易行、实用之特点，正在世界的广大贫困地区被推广，以帮助农民脱贫致富，且已取得了显著的效果。1The treadle pump _.A. is invented by an American engineerB. is mainly made of metalC. consists of two cylinders with pistonsD. consists of two cylinders with an engine解析事实细节题。根据第二段第一句可知答案为C。答案C
178、2What does the author want to tell us about the treadle pump in the second paragraph?A. Its history.B. Its working principle.C. Its structure.D. Its usage and effects.解析作者意图题。A和D显然不对，C有一定干扰性，但其不能概括第二句，介绍工作原理时，一般要同时介绍其结构，故选B。答案B3It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. it is easy to learn how to
179、 operate the treadle pumpB. it is difficult to build a treadle pumpC. the treadle pump is used more in winter than in summerD. operating the treadle pump can keep fit解析推理判断题。B和C与文中内容相悖，可排除。易错选D，但文中没有依据，无法推知。根据第四段，小孩也可帮忙，家庭中每个人都可参与，可推知A为答案。答案A4Each treadle pump manufacturer in the Indian state of Utt
180、ar Pradesh has produced on average about _.A. 18, 000 pumps B. 24, 000 pumpsC. 37, 000 pumps D. 73, 000 pumps解析数据推算题。根据第五段第三句可知，该州共三家生产商，共有七万三千多架脚踏泵，平均每家生产两万四千架左右，故选B。答案B5Why does the farmer in Zambia hope to buy a dieselpowered pump?A. Because he wants to grow crops on a larger scale.B. Because he
181、hates to leave the farm to seek fortune in cities.C. Because a dieselpowered pump is cheaper than before.D. Because oil is much cheaper than before.解析事实细节题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知答案。答案A长难句解读IDE executive director Zenia Tata says some who were able to buy diesel pumps now do not have enough money to buy fuel.该句
182、为双重复合句。主句主语为IDE executive director Zenia Tata，谓语为says，后面为省略了that的宾语从句。该宾语从句的主干部分为some do not have enoueh money to buy fuel，who were able to buy diesel pumps为定语从句，修饰主语some。It was near dusk, and Kim Cooper and her husband, Steve, were trucking through northern Kentucky transportation auto parts from L
183、ouisville to Detroit for a goods company. “Steve, wake up！” she shouted. “Theres a truck on fire！”Inside the burning truck, Ronnie Sanders, 38, was fighting for his life. Hed been running a heavy load of tractors and forklifts from Georgia to Indianapolis when a van in front of him stopped suddenly
184、in traffic on the icy road. As Ronnie bore down, he could see children in the backseat. The trucks bulk would probably protect him from the worst of the impact, but the force of 23 tons would likely crush(压碎) everyone inside the van.“I figured instead of killing other people, Id just put the truck i
185、n the ditch. ”At the bottom, rocks cut a fuel tank, which caught fire. A tree branch destroyed the windshield and knocked Ronnie unconscious. He came to life a couple of minutes later to find the cabin flames and his legs on fire.Steve dashed to Ronnie, who was hanging headfirst from the passenger d
186、oor. Ronnie had used his pocketknife to cut himself free from the driversside seat belt only to get his boot trapped in another one. Steve climbed into the burning cab to free him.He tried three times to pull Ronnie out before finally freeing him. But Ronnies legs were still burning, so Steve laid h
187、im on the ground, ripped off his own shirt, and beat the flames with it. Hed managed to drag him about 20 yards when one of the trucks 150gallon fuel tanks exploded.Both Steve and Ronnie paid a price for risking their lives for strangers. Ronnie spent two months in the hospital and received skin gra
188、fts on both of his legs. Steve suffered smoke breathing and minor burns, and shrapnel from the fuel tank explosion broke a tooth.In February, the Coopers received a Hero of the Highway award from the Open Road Foundation for rescuing an injured driver. Steve insists Ronnie is the real hero: “If he h
189、adnt gone into the ditch, he would have hit that van. It was his decision to drive off the road.”“I feel pretty good about it，” says Ronnie. “A lot of people could have been hurt.”解读：本文为记叙文，主要讲述了the Coopers途中遇到Ronnie开的大卡车着火了；Ronnie为了不造成更大的伤害，不顾自身的安危，将卡车开进水沟里，而Steve则竭尽全力救助Ronnie。1. According to the p
190、assage, Ronnies putting the truck in the ditch contributes to_.A. his concern for his own safetyB. his poor driving skillC. the icy roadD. his concern for others lives解析细节推断题。由文章的第三段第一句话“I figured instead of killing other people，Id just put the truck in the ditch.”可推断出。答案D2. What probably made Ronni
191、e come to life after driving the truck in the ditch?A. The noise from the highway.B. The call from the Coopers.C. The pain from the burning legs.D. The heat of the fire.解析细节推断题。根据文章的第三段最后一句话He came to life a couple of minutes later to find the cab in flames and his legs on fire.利用排除法。答案C3. How did S
192、teve put out the flames in Ronnies legs?A. He beat the flames with Ronnies shirt.B. He beat the flames with his own shirt.C. He put out the fire with a tank of water.D. He put out the fire with a bag of sand.解析细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句话，Steve撕下自己的衬衫，用它来扑灭(Ronnie双腿上的)火焰。答案B4. What does the underlined word “sh
193、rapnel” in Paragraph 6 mean?A. A branch of a tree.B. A small piece of metal.C. A wave of the explosion.D. The heat of the explosion.解析词义猜测题。根据下文shrapnel from the fuel tank explosion broke a tooth可知是“油箱爆炸产生的金属片打碎了一颗牙”。答案B5. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?A. Heroes: The C
194、oopersB. Heroes: Roadside FlamesC. Accidents on the Icy RoadD. Accidents in the Ditch解析确定文章标题。综观全文，A，C，D三项不够全面；而B项即表明事故，也表明了事故中竭力营救他人的英雄。答案BAstronauts aboard the space station Celebrated a space first on Wednesday by drinking water that had been recycled from their urine and sweat and water that con
195、denses from exhaled air. They said “cheers” ，clicked drinking bags and toasted NASA workers on the ground who were sipping their own version of recycled drinking water.The recycling system is needed for astronaut stations on the moon and Mars. It also will save NASA money because it won t have to sh
196、ip up as much water to the station by space shuttle or cargo rockets.Besides, it s important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six.The recycling system had been brought up to the space station last November by space shuttle Endeavour, but it couldn t be use
197、d until samples were tested back on Earth. So when it came time to actually drink up, NASA made a big deal of it. The threeman crew stood, holding their drinks and congratulated engineers in two NASA centers that worked on the system.“This is something that had been the stuff of science fiction，” Ba
198、rratt said before taking a small mouthful. “The taste is worth trying.”NASA deputy space shuttle manager LeRoy Cain called it “a huge milestone”The new system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet, moves it to a big tank, where the water is boiled off, and the vapor is collected. The
199、rest of the urine is thrown away. The water vapor is mixed with water from air condensation, and then it goes through filters. When six crew members are aboard it can make about six gallons from urine in about six hours.“Some people may find the idea of drinking recycled urine distasteful, but it is
200、 also done on Earth with a lot longer time between urine and the tap”said Marybeth Edeen, the space stations national lab manager.The technology NASA developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 Asian tsunami, Edeen said.“We are happy to have this water
201、 work through the system we re happy to have it work through our systems，”Barratt said.语篇解读本文讲的是国际空间站宇航员试饮尿液循环水。1According to the text, the recycling system is important because_.A. it makes traveling to the moon for the common person possibleB. with it NASA won t need to ship any water up to the sp
202、ace stationC. it can help to meet the need for more water after the crew are expandedD. it protects the environment in space by reducing the amount of waste解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“its important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six”可知C项正确。答案C2What is the RIGHT time
203、 order of the following events?a. The samples of the recycled water were tested on Earth.b. Astronauts celebrated the space first of making water from urine.c. The recycling system was brought up to the space station.d. The technology for the system was used to quickly purify water.A. a，d，c，b B. a，c
204、，b，dC. d，a，c，b D. d，c，a，b解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The technology NASA developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 Asian tsunami”可知d发生最早。根据第三段的“ The recycling system had been brought up to the space station last November. couldn t be used until samples were tes
205、ted back on Earth”可知c发生在a的前面，因此D项正确。答案D3From Para. 6 we can know_.A. the theory behind the recycling systemB. the effect of the recycling systemC. the process of the recycling systemD. an opinion on the recycling system解析段落概括题。该段主要讲述的是使用尿液循环系统将尿制成水的过程。答案C4What did Edeen say about recycled urine and
206、the recycling system?A. The taste of recycled urine is not as good as common water.B. The recycling system has made a science fiction story come true.C. The idea of drinking recycled urine makes astronauts feel unpleasant.D. It takes a longer time on Earth to make water from urine than in space.解析细节
207、理解题。根据第七段中的“with a lot onger time between urine and the tap”可知D项正确。答案D5What is the best title for the passage?A. The research of NASA has made great progressB. New technology is used in the space stationC. Drink up: space station recycles urine to waterD. Good news: water recycled from urine tastes
208、good解析标题概括题。本文报道了国际空间站的宇航员试饮尿液循环水，“Drink up”生动反映饮用时的情景，“space station recycles urine to watert”点明了制造技术。故C项最佳。答案C长难句解读Astronauts aboard the space station celebrated a space first on Wednesday by drinking water that had been recycled from their urine and sweat and water that condenses from exhaled air
209、.主句是：Astronautscelebrated a space first on Wednesday by drinking water.aboard the space station和that had been recycled from their urine and sweat and water充当定语分别修饰名词Astronauts和water。LONDON (Reuters) Quiet please Britain s Queen Elizabeth is preparing to have her swans counted.Buckingham Palace has a
210、nnounced that the annual Swan Upping, a tradition dating back to the 12th century which involves a census of the swan population on the River Thames, will be conducted by the Queen s official Swan Marker from July 20 24.“With the assistance of the Queen s Swan Warden, Professor Christopher Perrins o
211、f the University of Oxford, the swans and young cygnets (小天鹅) are also assessed for any signs of injury or disease，” Buckingham Palace said in announcing the count.The process involves the Swan Marker, David Barber, rowing up the Thames for five days with the Swan Warden in traditional skiffs while
212、wearing special scarlet uniforms and counting, weighing and measuring swans and cygnets.It may seem eccentric, but it is very important to the Queen, According to custom, Britain s sovereign owns all unmarked, mute swans in open water, but the Queen now exercises the right only on stretches of the T
213、hames and its nearby tributaries.In medieval times, the Swan Marker would not only travel up the river counting the swans, but would catch as many as possible as they were soughtafter for banquets and feasts.This year, the Swan Marker and the Swan Warden are particularly keen to discover how much da
214、mage is being caused to swans and cygnets by attacks from dogs and from discarded fishing tackle (渔具)It is also an important year because Queen Elizabeth has decided to join her team of Swan Uppers for part of the census. She will follow them up the river and visit a local school project on the whol
215、e subject of swans, cygnets and the Thames.“Education and conservation are essential to the role of Swan Upping and the involvement of school children is always a rewarding experience，” Buckingham Palace said.语篇解读泰晤士河上每年都要举行一个重要的活动：数天鹅。英国皇室的这一传统已经延续了好几个世纪。1. In medieval times，_.A. swans were better
216、protected than nowB. a lot of swans were killed by dogsC. swans were a delicious dish on royal banquetsD. common people could catch the swans解析细节理解题。从文章倒数第四段可知，在中世纪天鹅被捉住，然后成为皇家宴会上的美味。答案C2We can infer from the passage that the process of counting the swans _.A. remains almost unchanged in the past ye
217、arsB. involves a lot of royal membersC. sometimes lasts longer than beforeD. is always guarded by special soldiers解析推理判断题。从文章第四段对数天鹅过程的描述以及参与清点的官员的穿着打扮可知，其过程几乎没有变化，因为这是一项传统活动。答案A3This year, the Swan Marker and the Swan Warden mainly want to find out_.A. the exact number of swans and cygnetsB. how a
218、local school project is going onC. how much damage the swans and cygnets sufferD. how education and conservation are carried out along the Thames解析细节理解题。从文章倒数第三段内容可知答案为C。答案C4Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?A. Britain s Queen is concerned about swans.B. Britain s Queen orders a
219、 count of swans.C. An old tradition in Buckingham Palace.D. Queen Elizabeth will count swans herself.解析主旨大意题。文章第一段是本文的主题段，英国女王下令清点泰晤士河上的天鹅的数量。答案B5The underlined word “tributaries” can be best replaced by _.A. districts B. banksC. trees D. branches解析词义理解题。根据语境和常识可知，此处是指在泰晤士河及其支流上生活的天鹅。故答案为D。答案D长难句解读I
220、n medieval times, the Swan Marker would not only travel up the river counting the swans, but would catch as many as possible as they were soughtafter for banquets and feasts.在中世纪，负责清点天鹅的人不仅沿河清点天鹅的数量，还会尽可能多地捕捉一些，因为天鹅当时是宴会桌上的美餐。本句是一个并列句，not only.but(also).引导并列句，后面的as引导原因状语从句。Happiness is contagious,_r
221、esearchers reported on Thursday.People with the most social connections spouses, friends, neighbors and relatives were also the happiest, the data showed. “Each additional happy person makes you happier，” Christakis said.“Imagine that I am connected to you and you are connected to others and others
222、are connected to still others. It is this fabric of humanity, like an American patch quilt.”Each person sits on a differentcolored patch. “Imagine that these patches are happy and unhappy patches. Your happiness depends on what is going on in the patch around you，” Christakis said.“It is not just ha
223、ppy people connecting with happy people, which they do. Above and beyond, there is this contagious process going on.”And happiness is more contagious than unhappiness, they discovered.“If a social contact is happy, it increases the likelihood that you are happy by 15 percent，” Fowler said. “A friend
224、 of a friend, or the friend of a spouse or a sibling (兄弟姐妹), if they are happy, increases your chances by 10 percent，” he added.A happy thirddegree friend the friend of a friend of a friend increases a persons chances of being happy by 6 percent.“But every extra unhappy friend increases the likeliho
225、od that youll be unhappy by 7 percent，” Fowler said.The finding is interesting and it is useful, too, Fowler said.“Among other benefits, happiness has been shown to have an important effect on reduced mortality (死亡率), pain reduction, and improved cardiac (心脏的) function. So better understanding of ho
226、w happiness spreads can help us learn how to promote a healthier society，” he said.The study also fits in with other data suggested in 1984 that having $ 5,000 extra increased a persons chances of becoming happier by about 2 percent.“A happy friend is worth about $ 20,000，” Christakis said.语篇解读美国科学家
227、的一项最新研究成果表明，快乐感可以互相传递。这项研究成果为我们构建更为健康、和谐的社会提供了依据和方法。1According to the research, your happiness _.A. has nothing to do with your workmates or schoolmatesB. has something to do with anyone who has a close relationship with youC. depends on those who are in favour of you or are against youD. has little
228、 to do with what social connections you have解析推理判断题。根据第二段、第三段内容可知，快乐感会不断传递和扩散，你的配偶、朋友、邻居、亲戚等的快乐指数会直接影响你的快乐程度，故选B。答案B2The underlined word “contagious” in the first paragraph means _.A. infectious B. beautifulC. effective D. prior解析词义猜测题。第一句是全文的主题句。由文章第二、三、四段可知，快乐感可以在人们之间传播，故contagious的意思是“有感染力的，有传染性的
229、”。答案A3It can be inferred that_.A. happiness spreads as fast and widely as unhappinessB. unhappiness spreads faster and more widely than happinessC. happiness spreads faster and more widely than unhappinessD. the spread of unhappiness has not been studied by researchers解析推理判断题。根据第六段“And happiness is
230、more contagious than unhappiness，they discovered.”一句可推知选C。答案C4Which of the following will increase your chances of becoming happier most?A. Being in a party with a happy atmosphere.B. A happy experience of your brother or your parents.C. A happy trip to a foreign country of your friends.D. Happiness
231、 of your friend s friend.解析事实细节题。根据第七、第八段讲述的别人的快乐感对你的影响几率可知，排在最前的是“If a social contact is happy”，故选A。答案A5What does Christakis mean by saying “A happy friend is worth about $ 20,000” ?A. A happy friend can help you bring in a wealth of $ 20,000.B. A happy friend is a wealth which is worth about $ 20,
232、000.C. A happy friend increases your chances of being happy by 2%.D. A happy friend increases your chances of being happy by 8 %.解析句意理解题。结合上一段中的“that having $5,000 extra increased a persons chances of becoming happier by about 2 percent”可知，一个快乐的朋友带给你的快乐相当于大约$20,000带给你的快乐，也就是$5,000的四倍，即一个快乐的朋友给你带来快乐的
233、几率为8%，故选D。答案D长难句解读The study also fits in with other data suggested in 1984 that having $ 5,000 extra increased a persons chances of becoming happier by about 2 percent.该句为主从复合句，主句为The study also fits in with other data，suggested in 1984为过去分词作定语修饰data，后面that引导的是同位语从句，说明data的内容。该从句的主语为having $5,000 ex
234、tra，a persons chances为宾语，of becoming happier为定语修饰chances，by about 2 percent为程度状语。Bill Fulton doesn t remember losing his wallet, but its return helped him remember the past. The leather stayed smooth and the cowboy design unblemished (完美无缺的). And when he looked inside, the contents brought back memo
235、ries from 1946, when he apparently dropped the wallet behind the balcony bleachers (露天看台) in the Baker Middle School gym.Fulton s Social Security Card and bicycle license, bearing the address where he lived during his teenage years, were positioned in their respective compartments, apparently untouc
236、hed since the year after World War Il ended.Worker Nathan Osborne found the wallet along with old homework, lost library books and a 1964 talent show program while removing the bleachers for renovations on June 17. It was brought to Fulton s door the following day by Melanie Trindle, the Baker Middl
237、e School secretary.Middle School Principal Mindi Vaughan said the brown pine bleachers were connected to the gym balcony s brick wall and had remained in the same place since the school, known as the Helen M. Stack Building, opened in 1936.Fulton, 78, said he probably lost the wallet while cheering
238、for the Baker High basketball team with a group of friends. Fulton said the bicycle ID was needed because he delivered medicine for Rodamar Drug.He was surprised, however, that his bicycle ID wasnt inside. He said he always kept it there.But rather than focus on what was inside the wallet, Fulton sa
239、id the recovery has led him to reflect on his life one that took him to the Korean War and Berlin before the return to Baker City. He worked at Ellingson Lumber Company for 30 years, from March 1964 to April 1994.Since his retirement, Fulton has enjoyed spending time with his 11yearold black dog, Sm
240、okey. The two often hike the nearby mountains.Trindle s knock on the door, wallet in hand, induced a slight ripple in his life, prompting him to consider the times he hadnt thought about in many years. “Where did all the times go？” Fulton said with a deep sigh. “It s hard to believe that the times h
241、ave gone so fast.”语篇解读本文是记叙文。一个丢失了几十年的钱包居然被找到，而且还给了失主。钱包勾起了失主对过去岁月的回忆。1When the wallet was found, it_.A. was still in good conditionB. was a little damagedC. had just lost colorD. was just repaired解析细节理解题。从文章第一段第二句可知，钱包的皮还很光滑，上面的图案也保持完好，因此A项正确。答案A2The wallet was important to Fulton because _.A. he c
242、ould get his bicycle ID backB. it called up his memories of the pastC. it could help him to find his student IDD. it made him think of his school days解析推理判断题。综合全文尤其是第一段和最后一段的信息可知，钱包勾起了Fulton对往昔岁月的回忆。答案B3Fulton lost the wallet when_.A. he was doing his homework on the balcony bleachersB. he was doing
243、 some exercise in the Baker Middle School gymC. he was removing the bleachers for renovations on June 17D. he was watching a basketball match with his friends解析细节理解题。从文章第五段可知，Fulton和朋友们在一起看篮球赛，在为一支篮球队助威时他丢失了钱包。答案D4After he retired, Fulton_.A. lived a peaceful and pleasant lifeB. often regretted losi
244、ng his walletC. lived a hard life by raising dogs in the mountainsD. quite missed his past life解析推理判断题。分析文章倒数第二段可知，Fulton退休以后经常牵着狗到山里散步，可见生活非常惬意。答案A5Which of the following best describes Fulton s feeling when the wallet was returned?A. Thankful.B. Overjoyed.C. Surprised. D. Doubtful.解析推理判断题。文章虽然没有明确
245、说明Fulton接到钱包时的反应，但丢了那么多年的钱包失而复得，他应该感到吃惊。答案C长难句解读And when he looked inside，the contents brought back memories from 1946，when he apparently dropped the wallet behind the balcony bleachers(露天看台)in the Baker Middle School gym.语意：当他看钱包里面时，里面的东西把他的记忆带回到了1946年，当时他显然是把钱包丢在了贝克中学体育场的露天看台上。本句是一个复合句。第一个when引导时间状语从句，第二个when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰1946。高考资源网www.%k$#精品资料，欢迎下载！高考资源网www.%k$#
