1、如何做高考语法填空第一部分无 提 示词下列情况很可能填：(1)_+可数n.(单数)；(2)_+形容词+可数n.(单数)。下列情况下很可能填：(1)_(+形容词)+n.+of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)_(+形容词)+n.+定语从句(表示特指)；(3)_(+形容词)+n.+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)考点分析不定冠词定冠词考点一：冠词 3.the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to small town some 20 kilometers away.4.I still remember ta
2、king _ visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub(酒店)for lunch.名词之前 1.There once were a goat(山羊)and a donkey(驴).So the farmer killed _ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.2.When I see a child subject to(受到)this kind of pressure,I think of Donnie.He was _ shy,nervous p
3、erfectionist(完美主义者).thea考查语法点:定冠词,不定冠词的用法考点分析aa当空格后的名词(一般前有限定词)、代词或动名词在句中不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，那就是作介词的宾语，即填介词。因为名词和代词最典型的用法是在句中作主语或宾语，既然不作主语和动词的宾语，那就是作介词的宾语了，所以要填介词。具体填什么介词,可能是由介词与该名词的搭配及其意义来决定,也可能是由动词或形容词与介词的句式搭配来决定。考点二：介词(1)介词+宾语（名词）(2)不及物动词+介词+宾语 1.In short,I believe that it is _ great use to keep
4、a dairy in English2.When I took the money from her grandparents,I looked back _the girl,who was giving me the most optimistic,largest smile I had ever seen.3.She found some good quality pipes_ sale.4.He was very tired _doing this for a whole dayofat考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点分析onfrom注意固定搭配be tired from 因厌倦
5、 在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括1.人称代词(I/me/you/he/him等)、2.指示代词(it/this等)、3.不定代词(something/anything等)、4.名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers等)、5.疑问代词(which/who等)、6.反身代词(不能作主语)(myself/yourself等)在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her等)。考点分析考点三：代词(1)作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格,注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。(2)指示代词,不定代词、反身代词等 考查语法点:代词的基本用法考点分析1.She r
6、emembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.2.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village,I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _.3.It has been said before,but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it ag
7、ain:a smileitherme考点分析考点四：连词或从句引导词 并列句和复合句并列句：简单句并列连词简单句复合句：主句（主谓宾）从句（连接词主谓）两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要用连词，否则，句子的结构就不完整。两个主谓结构连接 1.Historically,it was famous for industry,which explains_the area is called the Black Country.2.It got its name during the industrial revolution,_ factory pollution turned the
8、 local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color.3.Jane paused in front of a counter(柜台)_ some attractive ties were on display.4.One day,he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up(拔起)all of his crop a few inches.whywhen考查语法点:各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法考点分析wherethat第二部分 当句中缺少谓语动词时，括
9、号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑_、_、_、_等四个方面。【确定时态的3条依据】(1)依据上下文时态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么时态(过去/现在/将来)，空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。这是高考语法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据。但需注意：客观事实或真理可能时态不一致；直接引语的时态会与引号外的时态不一致。(2)依据并列谓语动词的时态一致。(3)依据时间状语。如recently,so far,up to now,up to the present,in the past few years常与现在完成时连用；by the end of,since 1980,for three ye
10、ars常与完成时连用。提示：尽管课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，但近两年全国卷和九年广东卷的高考真题只考查了一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。时态、语态、语气、主谓一致考点五：谓语动词 与主语构成主谓结构 1.I was certain she would like it because I _(tell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.(07广州一模)2.His fear of failure _(keep)him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abando
11、n.(08深圳二模)3.Being too anxious to help an event develop often _(result)in the contrary to our intention.(08广东)was told kept考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致考点分析results当句中已有谓语动词，横线前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式(doing,done,to do)。考点六：非谓语动词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式 1.We must also consider the reactio
12、n of the person 32_(receive)the gift.(07广州一模)2.I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _(complete)the rest!(07广二模)3.My pupils,Donnie 40_(include),adored her.(08深圳二模)4.Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu,my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛)(raise).(11广州一模)receivin
13、gto completeincluded考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用考点分析raised 当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时,就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下5点顺利解决：（1）作主语或宾语用_形式。（2）在形容词性物主代词、冠词(+形容词)、不定代词(some,any,a lot of等)、介词后还没有名词时，就用_形式。（3）作定语、表语或补足语用_形式。（4）作状语，修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或放在句首修饰全句，用_。（5）当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀，也可能用其比较级或最高级。名词名词形容词副词考
14、点七：词性转换 介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子 1.“Thirty-five cents,”she said 36_(rude).(07深圳一模)2.As far as I am concerned,my 37 _(suggest)is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach.(08惠二模)3.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _(nature)course.
15、(08广东)4._(doubt),although there is still room for improvement to this policy,I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation.(09汕头水平考试)rudelysuggestion考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化考点分析naturalUndoubtedly在高考全国卷中出现的考纲词的派生词是不算生词的，也不用汉语注明，因此，掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。从近两年全国卷的语法填空
16、来看，词类转换仅考查了以下3点：(1)形容词副词。(2)形容词名词。(3)名词形容词。当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境,理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得通,就很可能填该词的比较级或最高级。注意：要善于分析语境,辨别省略了than的隐性比较级。若需要用与该词意义相反的意思，逻辑才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否定或相反意义的前缀或后缀。如：考点八：形容词副词的级 通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级 1.One of the 33_(bad)gift choices I ever made
17、 was for my high school English teacher (07广州一模)2.We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words.When it was time to leave,I said“thank you”in Korean,using some of the few words I had learned.I felt _(lonely)than I had expected that night.(2009届江门二模)3.Lucille
18、Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer.Critics call her one of the _(great)writers of our time.(双语报)worst考点分析less lonelygreatest名词在句中的典型用法就是作主语或宾语(位于及物动词或介词后)。如果括号中所给词是名词，又是在句中作主语或宾语时，就无需作词类转换，应考虑是否需要用复数形式。考点归纳关于名词，从近两年的高考题来看，在语法填空中只考查了名词的复数形式，但名词的所有格也是可能要考的。考点九：名词 1.(2015卷I65)seeking the limes
19、tone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _(painting).2.(2014卷I49)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation,for most of us the _(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.做主语或宾语
20、paintings考查语法点:名词的单复数转化考点分析changes代词在句中的典型用法就是作主语或宾语(位于及物动词或介词后)，其形容词所有格做定语，名词性所有格作主语或宾语。考点十：代词 Conclusion总结提升一根据句子结构，确定词性动词名词形容词副词代词冠词介词连词代词词性一般有 提 示 词 无 提 示 词 总结提升二根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形冠词定冠词,不定冠词并列句及复合句非谓语非谓语动词 to do,doing,done 及变形谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致连词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配词性变化词汇,构词法谓语动词代词人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词名
21、词单复数根据语义,确定词形分析句子,确定词性解题四步走 提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据通读全文,理解大意总结提升检查搭配,前后连贯Practice:Several years ago I was at a train station in Amsterdam waiting in line to buy a ticket.As I stood there I saw a young man asking people for money so that he could buy his breakfas
22、t.Most of the travelers simply 41 (ignore)the young man or gave 42 (he)a dirty look,yet a well-dressed middle-aged man reacted differently.When 43 (approach)by the young man,the gentleman looked44 him andquietly asked,“How much will you need?”I couldnt hear 45 the young man said but watched as the g
23、entleman pulled several46 (note)from his wallet and 47 (calm)placed them in the young mans hands.第二节（共10小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分15分）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。ignored him approached at what calmly notes 此为谓语动词，需考虑时态、语态、人称。本句已有谓语动词“looked and asked”,所以“approach”不能再作谓语，又有后面的“by”作为提示，此处应是过去分词表被动。宾语从句副词
24、修饰动词“placed”I dont know whether the young man actually used the money for his breakfast or for48 purposes.What I do know is that I witnessed two different reactions to the same situation.I saw people who 49 (be)either afraid or annoyed.And then I saw the gentle man who was not afraid and treated the
25、 homeless young man as though he were a brother.I decided then and there that,even though we have to be 50 (care)in this world,I would rather be like the gentleman.other were careful 定语从句，修饰先行词“people”，为复数概念。be+adj.2017年高考语法填空题 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower
26、fat content and less salt.This trend,which was started by the medical community(医学界)61 a method of fighting heart disease,has had some unintended side 62 (effect)such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight.此处应表达的是作为一种对抗心脏病的方法，故此处应填入介词 asas主要考查名词单复数eff
27、ects Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required63 (process)the food that we eat,to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.When fat and salt64 (remove)from food,the food tastes as if is missing something.As65 result,people will eat more food to try to make u
28、p for that something missing.Even66 (bad),the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food67 (be)full of fat and salt;by68 (eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.根据本句后半段的 to recover 可知，此处也应使用不定式to processfat and salt 和动词remove 是被动关系，故此处应使用被动语态are
29、removeda结合上下文可知，此处应表达的是更糟的是，worseisby属于介词，介词后应该使用动名词形式，意思是通过吃快餐，eatingHaving enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However,be69 (care)not to go to extremes.Like anything,it is possible to have too much of both,70 is not good for the health.be+adjcareful定语从句缺少主语且从句前有逗号，whichHomework:1.Summary 2.do another pieces like above them in the entrance examination papersThank you !
