1、UNIT 4BODY LANGUAGE.完形填空(2022广东省惠州市高三上学期第二次调研考试)The e-mail request came in to Ekiben Restaurant in Baltimore late on a Thursday afternoon. Brandon was writing on behalf of his mother in-law, Rina, a/an_1.D_ customer of the restaurant. For the past six years, every time she visited Baltimore, the fir
2、st place she wanted to go was Ekiben so she could order that one dishbroccoli tempura (西兰花天妇罗). Brandon _2.C_ she was now in the final stages of lung cancer at her home in Vermont and that he was hoping to get the_3.C_ to make it for her there.Steve Chu, one of the restaurants co-workers, read the e
3、mail and quickly replied with an alternative _4.D_. He wrote, “ Wed like to make it _5.B_ for you in Vermont.”That Friday after work, Chu_6.D_ his truck with a hot plate and some cooking facilities filled with ingredients and then headed for Vermont with his two _7.B_. They stayed overnight in an Ai
4、rbnb rental and _8.C_ the next day to Vermont.On their arrival, they_9.B_ the gate of the truck, hooked (钩住) the hot plate to the trucks power port, and started _10.A_. They also made tofu with peanut sauce and fresh herbs. After neatly _11.C_ everything up, they knocked on their customers door. As
5、soon as Rina opened the door, she _12.A_ the fragrance.Brandon said his mother in-law was so _13.B_ to enjoy her beloved broccoli with a side order of remarkable _14.A_ one last time.“It was an honor to help fulfill the familys _15.D_” Chu said.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述布兰登的岳母是Ekiben餐厅的常客，但是由于得了重病不能前去，于是布兰登
6、写信给这家餐厅要食谱想自己制作，餐厅的员工看了信件后，决定和他的两个同事开车去佛蒙特州亲自制作，最后瑞娜吃到了她最爱的西兰花天妇罗。1A.agedBformalCenthusiasticDregular解析：考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“For the past six years, every time she visited Baltimore, the first place she wanted to go was Ekiben so she could order that one dishbroccoli tempura (西兰花天妇罗)(在过去的六年里，她每一次去巴尔的摩，她去的
7、第一个地方就是去Ekiben餐厅，这样她就可以点那道菜西兰花天妇罗。)”可知，她是这家餐厅的常客。regular 有规律的，通常的。故选D。2A.recalledBconcludedCexplainedDcomplained解析：考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，布兰登写信向餐厅的人解释(explain)写信要食谱的原因。故选C。3A.listBbrochureCrecipeDmenu解析：考查名词词义辨析。根据空格后“to make it for her there”可知，他想要食谱(recipe)自己在家做。故选C。4A.orderBblessingCdonationDsuggestion
8、解析：考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“Wed like to make it _5_ for you in Vermont.(我们很乐意在佛蒙特州为你们现场制作。)”可知，这是Steve Chu给的提议(suggestion)。故选D。5A.softBfreshCcoolDsafe解析：考查形容词词义辨析。根据空格后“for you in Vermont”可知，应是现场制作，所以是新鲜的(fresh)。故选B。6A.suppliedBdecoratedCfixedDloaded解析：考查动词词义辨析。根据空格后“with a hot plate and some cooking facilitie
9、s”可知，这是往车上装东西。load装载。故选D。7A.neighborsBpartnersCcustomersDdrivers解析：考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，他们是去给瑞娜制作西兰花天妇罗，所以是Chu和他的两个搭档。partner搭档，合作伙伴。故选B。8A.returnedBrodeCdroveDchanged解析：考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“That Friday after work, Chu _6_ his truck with a hot plate(周五下班之后，Chu在他的卡车上装了一个电热盘子)”可知，这里是开车(drive)去的。故选C。9A.threw away
10、Bpulled downCbroke throughDlooked over解析：考查动词短语辨析。根据下文“hooked (钩住) the hot plate to the trucks power port”可知，这里是拉下来(pull down)车门。故选B。10A.cookingBadvertisingCexhibitingDexperimenting解析：考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“They also made tofu with peanut sauce and fresh herbs.(他们还用花生酱和新鲜香草做了豆腐。)”可知，这里指开始做饭。cook烹饪。故选A。11A.cu
11、ttingBrollingCboxingDthrowing解析：考查动词词义辨析。box sth. up表示“把某物装盒”。故选C。12A.recognizedBfollowedCcheckedDguessed解析：考查动词词义辨析。根据空格后“the fragrance”可知，开门后瑞娜就认出了这个香味是西兰花天妇罗。recognize认出，意识到。故选A。13A.encouragedBtouchedCshockedDamused解析：考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，餐厅的人千里迢迢来这里现场制作西兰花天妇罗让她很感动(touch)。故选B。14A.kindnessBgratitudeCc
12、ureDassistance解析：考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，餐厅的人千里迢迢来这里现场制作西兰花天妇罗给她，这份善意(kindness)让她很感动。故选A。15A.ambitionsBpotentialsCpromisesDwishes解析：考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，布兰登的岳母是肺癌晚期，能让她吃上这家餐厅的西兰花天妇罗是他们家人的愿望(wish)。故选D。.阅读理解(20211月浙江卷)Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees(黑猩猩) use to
13、communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a “vocabulary” of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who l
14、ed the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.“Thats whats so amazing about chimp gestures，” she said.
15、 “Theyre the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.”Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animals call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages.This was a significant
16、difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling: “Climb on me.” The youngster immediately jumps on to its mothers back
17、and they travel off together. “The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there that is meaningful in its communication, so thats not unique to humans，” said Dr Hobaiter. Dr Susanne Shultz, and evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study wa
18、s praise worthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing”“The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information containe
19、d in their gestures and actions，” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。讲述了猩猩如何利用手势进行语言沟通的新发现。1What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter？_D_AMemorizing spec
20、ific words.BUnderstanding complex information.CUsing voices to communicate.DCommunicating messages on purpose.解析：细节理解题。根据题干Dr Hobaiter定位到第二段最后一句“Only humans and chimps.had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.”，可见人类和猩猩的相似之处就是有目的的传递信息进行沟通。故选D。2What
21、did Dr Shultz think of the study？_B_AIt was well designed but poorly conducted.BIt was a good try but the findings were limited.CIt was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.DIt was a failure but the methods deserved praise.解析：推理判断题。根据Dr Shultz定位到第六段“. the study was praise worthy in seeking to e
22、nrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were a little disappointing.”可见她认为这项研究是值得称赞的，它尝试丰富我们对人类语言进化的原有知识，但结果还是有点令人失望。故选B(这是一个很好的尝试，但发现的结果有限。)。3What does the underlined word “gulf” in the last paragraph mean？_A_ADifference.BConflict.CBalance.DConnection.解析：
23、词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及前句可知，目前研究所得的猩猩手势的含义还没有超出其他动物的非声音交流所表达的含义，换句话说需要进一步研究，揭示其存在的不同。difference区别；不同；conflict冲突；balance平衡；connection连接。故选A。4Which of the following is the best title for the text？_D_AChimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthroughBChimpanzees developed specific communication skillsCChimpan
24、zees: the smartest species in the animal kingdomDChimpanzee language: communication gestures translated解析：标题归纳题。排除A项(猩猩行为研究学有重大突破)、B(猩猩进化出特殊的沟通技巧)和C项(猩猩是动物王国中最聪明的)。全文都是围绕着猩猩如何利用手势进行语言沟通来进行阐述，故选D(黑猩猩交流手势语言)。.七选五(2021湖南省四校高三摸底调研联考)Being able to communicate effectively with others is an essential skill
25、 for people of all ages. 1.C People who want to develop those skills can learn how to do this from self-help books, workshops, and from the advice of other people.2.G Active listening involves a person listening carefully and attentively to the person speaking, restating what the other person has sa
26、idor what comes acrossin a brief and nonjudgmental manner. 3.E Becoming effective at active listening is one way to increase trust and understanding in a relationship, whether it is a personal or professional one.Another tip for developing and improving interpersonal communication skills is to use f
27、eedback for different types of communication. Before giving speeches and presentations, it is always well advised to practice them before an audience and to ask for feedback before giving the real speech or presentation. 4.FIt is also essential in developing communication skills to use appropriate b
28、ody language and eye contact. 5.B For example, using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness, such as uncrossed arms, can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen and to speak openly. AIt is essential to learn how to communicate politely.BThese nonverbal s
29、ignals can convey the true feelings.CMost people can benefit from improving their communication skills.DPracticing active listening doesnt mean people have to employ it continuously.EThis kind of listening focuses more on understanding than on giving advice.FBy doing so, we can ensure the messages a
30、re easily understood and come across as intended.GOne of the best tips for developing communication skills is to learn and practice effective listening.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了高效交流的几项技巧有效聆听、利用好不同类型的交流反馈、使用恰当的肢体语言和眼神接触。解析：1考查上下文衔接。本空是一个过渡句。结合空后一句中的“People who want to develop those skills can learn how to
31、do this”可知，空处应提到 skills并说明学习这些技巧的好处。因此C项符合语境。故选C。2考查段落主旨句。本空是一个中心句。通读本段可知，本段主要讲的是高效交流技巧之一有效聆听，又结合下段的中心句中的“Another tip”可知，G项适合作本段的中心句。故选G。3考查上下文衔接。根据空前的“Active listening involves a person listening carefully and attentively to the person speaking，restating what the other person has said”可知，有效聆听更关注听而不
32、是给建议。故E项符合语境。故选E。4考查总结句。该段首句表述另一个高效交流的技巧是利用好反馈。空前举例说明了如何获取反馈，故空处应说明利用反馈的好处。F项符合语境。故选F。5考查上下文衔接。空前提到“body language and eye contact”，这些都是不用语言表达的。且空后举例说明了使用肢体语言和眼神接触的好处，故空处应是表述肢体语言和眼神接触的作用。B项符合语境。故选B。.语法填空(2022厦门市一模)In many Asian, African and Latin American cultures, _1.extended_(extend) eye contact is
33、 impolite and it is thought of _2.as_ offensiveness or challenge of authority. It _3.is_considered_(consider) politer to have brief eye contact, especially between people of different _4.social_(society) status (like a student and a teacher, or a child and his elder relatives). For example, if a Jap
34、anese woman avoids _5.looking_(look) someone in the eye, she is not showing a lack of interest nor is she showing a lack of confidence. Instead，she is polite, respectful and appropriate according to her culture.So in many of these cultures, you should take care of what kind of eye contact you initia
35、te with those who are your _6.superiors_(superior) or in authority over you, so that you are not thought to be disrespectful or rude. As you can see, it is vital for you _7.to_know_(know) what eye contact communicates before you visit a new culture.Before you travel, you can either look up relevant
36、information in your local public library _8.or_ check out a book about the culture of the country you plan to visit in a bookstore. Learn how to make use of eye contact and other body language _9.flexibly_(flexible) so that you are perceived to be polite, and so that you can better connect with peop
37、le _10.who/that_ are foreign to you!语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在不同的文化背景下目光交流的意义不同。解析：1考查形容词。分析句子成分可知，设空处作名词词组eye contact的定语，应用形容词。故填extended，意为“较长时间的；延长了的”。2考查介词。此处考查词组“think of.as.”，意思是“认为是”。故填as。3考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。分析句子成分可知，it为形式主语，真正的主语是to have brief eye contact，此处形式主语it和consider之间构成被动关系，文章整体时间基点为现在，因此应用一般现
38、在时的被动语态。故填is considered。4考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰名词status，应用形容词。故填social。5考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，此处a Japanese woman与look之间为逻辑上的主动关系。故填looking。6考查名词单复数。分析句意和空前的are可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填superiors。7考查非谓语动词。“It is adj. for sb.to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“做某事对某人来说是的”，it是形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故填to know。8考查连词。either. or.为固定短语，意为“要么要么”。故填or。9考查副词。设空处修饰动词短语make use of，应用副词。故填flexibly。10考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为people，指人，关系词在从句中作主语。故填who或that。
