1、Unit 3 Food and Culture单元重点语法 过去完成时的主动和被动语态（单项选择题+单句语法填空）一、单项选择1（2022广东信宜市第二中学高二期中）The third live class from Chinas space station _ when I turned on the TV.AbeganBhad been begunChad begunDhas begun2（2022广东深圳高二期中）He _ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.Ahad
2、learnedBwould have learnedCwill learnDhas learned3（2022天津高二期中）I knew I _ a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do.AchooseBchoseChad chosenDwill choose4（2022天津市嘉诚中学高二阶段练习）I_to finish the novel borrowed from a friend of mine, but I couldnt manage it.Ahad hopedBam hopingChave hopedDwould hope5（2
3、022天津崇化中学高二期中）Unfortunately, when we dropped in, Mr Smith _ for Indonesia to rescue the injured people there, so we didnt meet him.Ahas just leftBjust leftChad just leftDwas just leaving6（2022广东深圳市龙岗区龙城高级中学高二期中）I was surprised to see the same man I_ earlier.AmetBhad metChave metDwas met7（2022天津河西高二期
4、中）Seeing John rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him _.Awhat would happenBwhat happenedCwhat to happenDwhat had happened8（2022全国高二专题练习）When walking down the street, I came across David, who I _ for years.Adidnt seeBhavent seenChadnt seenDwouldnt see9（2022上海市杨浦高级中学高二阶段练习）Jack _ to vis
5、it his grandparents last weekend, but an emergency came up and he had to reschedule.AplannedBhas plannedChad plannedDwas planning10（2022上海市行知中学高二阶段练习）It must have been lots of fun riding round in a car.Yes, you know this was the first time that_ round in my own car.AI rodeBI should have riddenCIve b
6、een ridingDId ridden11（2022上海市控江中学高二期中）In 1960, this was the longest bridge that _.Awas ever builtBhad ever builtChas ever been builtDhad ever been built12（2022上海市杨浦高级中学高二阶段练习）He rushed to the box office, but was told that the tickets _.Aare sold outBhas been sold outCwere sold outDhad been sold out
7、13（2022广东深圳高二期末）Why didnt you get the tickets? When we got to the cinema, all the tickets _ out.AsoldBhad been soldChave soldDwas sold14（2022全国高二）By the end of last year, the railway station _.Awill be completedBhad been completedCwas completedDhas been completed15（2022天津高二专题练习）John was sent to the
8、village last month to see how the development plan _ in the past five years.Ahad been carried outBwould be carried outCis being carried outDhas been carried out16（2022黑龙江哈尔滨三中高二阶段练习）I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _ out in the past two years.Ahas carriedBhad carr
9、iedChas been carriedDhad been carried17（2022广东深圳市福田区福田中学高二期末）It was the third time that he _ about the changes of the meeting.Ahad toldBhad been toldChas toldDhas been told18（2022广东深圳高二期末）Yesterday we expressed our congratulations to Tom, who _ chairman of our Students Association.Ahas electedBhad e
10、lectedChas been electedDhad been elected19（2021新疆石河子一中高二阶段练习）By the end of last year, another new gym _ in Beijing.AcompletedBhad been completedChas been completedDwas completed20（2021黑龙江大庆实验中学高二期末）The expert gave such a comment that it was the most breathtaking project that _.Ahas been completedBha
11、d completedCwas completedDhad been completed二、用单词的适当形式完成句子21（2022黑龙江双鸭山一中高二期中）By the time Henry was 12 years old, he _(collect) more than a thousand stamps.22（2022广东四会市四会中学高二期中）It was the first time that she _ (leave) China.23（2022北京市第十三中学高二期中）When they got to the theatre, the performance _ (begin)
12、already.24（2022河北唐山一中高二期中）I was lucky because that was the second time that I _ (visit) Russia.25（2022全国高二专题练习）Alan Greenspan, once reported as a financial god, had to admit that he _ (make) some serious mistakes.26（2022全国高二专题练习）He seemed confidence, although he _(have) failed his first road test.27
13、（2022全国高二专题练习）I _(have) written many compositions before that but none of them had been chosen to be read before the class.28（2021上海静安高二期中）The boy rushed in the house and told his mother in an excited voice that the hen _ (lay) an egg just now.29（2022河南信阳高中高二阶段练习）It was the first time that Chinas le
14、cture_(deliver) from the orbiting Chinese Space Station.30（2022全国高二专题练习）The aircraft _(plan) to arrive in Beijing on March 8, 2014, but it didnt.31（2022全国高二专题练习）If he _ (slip) and fallen, he would have died.32（2022全国高二专题练习）By about 6,000 BC, people _(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to r
15、aise.(所给词的适当形式填空)33（2022广东东莞四中高二期中）It was the first time that she_(chat)online in English.34（2022广东东莞市东华松山湖高级中学有限公司高二阶段练习）By the time she got to the school, the first lesson_(start).35（2022江苏淮海中学高二阶段练习）It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _(do) for me.36（2022江苏泰州中学高
16、二阶段练习）By that time, the fire _ (extend) to the 15th floor.37This was the first time that I _ (come)to your hometown. 38He_(hardly hang)the picture on the wall when it fell down. 39I met Tom yesterday. We_(not see)each other since he went to Beijing. 40（2022上海奉贤区致远高级中学高二期中）By the time he was 30, he _
17、(regard) as one of the outstanding sculptors of the age.(所给词的适当形式填空)41（2022北京市第四十四中学高二期中）It is said that the old coins_ under the earth for about 100 years by the time they were discovered. (bury)42（2022江苏淮海中学高二阶段练习）Experiments of this kind _ (conduct) in both the US and Europe well before the Secon
18、d World War.(所给词的适当形式填空)43When rescue personnel arrived, the two had _ (freeze) to death. 44Social workers discovered that the child_(abuse)by her father.45（2022全国高二单元测试）In 1970，this was the longest bridge that _(build) before in the remote area.46（2022全国高二单元测试）Three parts in the project_(finish) as
19、 expected by the end of last month.47（2022全国高二单元测试）The book _(revise) many times before it was published.48These pictures _ (take) before my father passed away. 49As the assignment _ (do), he went on to search the Internet. 50He said this book _ (translate) into Japanese. 51He said the production co
20、sts _ (reduce). 52By the time he got to the school, the first period _ (finish). 53How many buildings _ (destroy) when the hurricane ended? 54I have just learned that he _(arrest) for some reason. 55It was the third time that they _（cite）for their loyalty and value to the company. 56The professor to
21、ld him excitedly that he _ (appoint) as the assistant professor.57He was very angry when he saw what_(do)to his painting.58If she _(invite), she would have gone to the party.59By the end of 1976, many buildings_(build)in the city.60（2022北京西城高二期末）By the 11th century, compasses _ (use) by Chinese to n
22、avigate their ships at sea.参考答案：1C【详解】考查时态。句意：第三堂来自中国空间站的直播课在我打开电视前已经开始了。根据动词turned可知，打开电视机发生在过去，且课程在此之此之前就开始了，是过去的过去，应使用过去完成时态，又class与begin之间为主动关系，故选C。2A【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当他15岁进入大学时，他已经学了超过5000个英语单词。空处在句中为主句的谓语，结合时间状语从句“when he entered the university at the age of 15”可知，他在上大学的时候，学到的单词已经超过了5000，所以表示的是过去
23、之过去，因此空处的时态为过去完成时。故选A。3C【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我知道我选择了一份压力很大的工作，但我热爱我的工作。分析语境，主句动词时态为一般过去时，此句为宾语从句，此句应该是基于过去时态的过去完成时，表达“过去的过去我已经选择了”，had chosen符合题意。故选C项。4A【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我本想读完那本从朋友那里借来的小说，但我没能完成。设空处在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示过去曾打算读完那本小说，但未能实现，应用过去完成时时态had done结构。think、hope、want、plan、intend、mean等用过去完成时来表示过去未能实现的打算、意愿、想
24、法、意图等。故选A项。5C【详解】考查时态。句意：不幸的是，当我们去拜访时，史密斯先生刚刚动身去印度尼西亚营救那里受伤的人，所以我们没有见到他。由“so we didnt meet him”可知，当我们去拜访时，史密斯先生已经走了，因此空格处用过去完成时，表示发生在dropped in之前的动作，因此空格处是had just left。故选C。6B【详解】考查时态。句意：我惊讶地看到了我早些时候见过的同一个人。根据句意和前文一般过去时was以及后文earlier可知，此处应用过去完成时，表达“过去的过去”，指在一个过去行动之前已经完成了的动作。故选B项。7D【详解】考查宾语从句和过去完成时。句
25、意：看到约翰眼里含着泪水冲进房间，我问他发生了什么事。分析句子，设空处用what引导的宾语从句，同时happen该动作发生在ask之前，主语asked为一般过去时，故从句表示的是动作发生在过去的过去，即使用过去完成时，应用had done。故选D。8C【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当沿着街道散步的时候，我遇见了多年未见的David。根据语境，“not see”这个动作发生在came across之前，是过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时。故选C。9C【详解】考查时态。句意：杰克原计划上周末去看望祖父母，但由于紧急情况，他不得不重新安排时间。设空处为谓语，根据下文“but an emergency
26、 came up and he had to reschedule”可知杰克是原计划上周去看望祖父母，应用过去完成时，had planned to do sth. (本计划做某事却没做)。故选C。10D【详解】考查时态。句意：坐汽车到处兜风一定很有趣。是的，你知道这是我第一次开着自己的车到处跑。此处为句型this was the first time that+过去完成时，表示“第一次”。故选D。11D【详解】考查定语从句，时态和语态。句意：在1960年，这是有史以来最长的桥。分析句子可知，此处为that引导的定语从句修饰bridge，先行词bridge在从句中作主语成分。bridge是从句谓
27、语动词built的动作对象，故用被动语态，结合句意可知，该动作应为过去的过去，为过去完成时。故选D项。12D【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他冲进票房处，但被告知票已经卖光了。设空处为从句谓语，主句为一般过去时，从句发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选D。13B【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：你为什么不买票？当我们到达电影院时，所有的票都卖完了。主句主语all the tickets和主句谓语动词sell是被动关系，sell发生在从句谓语动词短语got to之前，过去的过去，sell用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B项。14B【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：到去年
28、年底，火车站已经建成了。根据时间状语“By the end of last year”可知，此处表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时，主语the railway station和complete为逻辑动宾关系，需用被动语态。故选B。15A【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：约翰上个月被派到村里去，看看过去五年来发展计划是如何实施的。分析句子可知，主句的时态为一般过去时，根据从句中的时间状语in the past five years可知从句谓语动词应该用完成时态，又因为主句为过去时，所以从句位于动词用过去完成时态，再根据句意，此处应该用过去完成时的被动语态。故选A项。16D【详解】考查动词时态语
29、态。句意：上个月，我被派到村里去，看看过去两年中发展计划是如何落实的。分析句子可知，the development plan和earn为被动关系，需用被动语态，排除A项和B项；carry out这个动作发生在was sent之前，表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时。故选D。17B【详解】考查时态。句意：这是他第三次被告知会议的变化。A. had told已经告知（过去完成时）；B. had been told已经被告知（过去完成时，被动语态）；C. has told已经告知（现在完成时）；D. has been told已经被告知（现在完成时，被动语态）。固定句型It was the+序数词+
30、time that sb. had done sth.表示“这是某人第几次做某事”，从句谓语使用过去完成时，且动词tell与主语he之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B项。18D【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：昨天我们向Tom表达了我们的祝贺，他被选为我们学生会的主席。根据句意和句子结构可知，设空处为非限制性定语从句的谓语，主句“我们向Tom表达祝贺”为一般过去时态，从句“Tom被选为我们学生会的主席”的动作发生在主句之前，设空处应用过去完成时态；从句动词elect与逻辑主语Tom之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态，应填“had been elected”。故选D项。19B【详解】考查动
31、词时态及语态辨析。句意：到去年年底，北京又建成了一座新体育馆。new gym与complete是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据时间状语By the end of last year可知，应用过去完成时。故选B项。20D【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：专家评价说，这是迄今为止完成的最令人惊叹的工程。that引导的是定语从句，指代先行词project，工程是被完成，且是在专家评价之前就完成了，由gave可知，时态用过去完成时，表示在“过去的过去”完成的动作，因此空格处是过去完成时的被动语态had been done，故选D。21had collected【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：到亨利12岁时
32、，他已经收集了一千多张邮票。根据时间状语By the time Henry was 12 years old可知，空处谓语动词应用过去完成时had collected，表示过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果。故填had collected。22had left【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句意：这是她第一次离开中国。It was the first time that sb. had done是固定句型，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，因此空格处是had left，故填had left。23had begun【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：当他们到达剧院时，
33、演出已经开始了。根据句意及“When they got to the theatre”可知，“他们到达剧院”是发生在过去的事情，“演出开始”是在此之前，即发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had begun。24had visited【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我很幸运因为那是我第二次拜访俄罗斯了。根据固定句型“It was the+序数词+time that sb. had done”可知，这里要使用过去完成时态，故填had visited。25had made【详解】考查动词时态。句意：曾经被报道为金融之神的艾伦格林斯潘不得不承认他之前也犯过一些严重的错误。结合句意可知，make这一动作
34、发生在had to admit之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had made。26had【详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然他的第一次路考失败了，但他似乎很有信心。分析句子可知，设空处在句中和后面的failed一起作谓语；根据句意可知，fail这一动作发生在seemed之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时had done结构。故填had。27had【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在此之前，我写过很多作文，但没有一篇被选为课前阅读。分析句子可知，此处是一个but连接的并列句，前后谓语动词时态保持一致。根据后面的谓语动词had been chosen可知，此处应用过去完成时had done结构
35、。故填had。28had laid【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：男孩冲进屋子，激动地告诉他妈妈母鸡刚才下了一个蛋。空处是that引导的宾语从句的谓语部分，主句用的是一般过去时，结合从句中“just now”可知，lay表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词told之前，即发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had laid。29had been delivered【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这是中国的演讲首次在中国轨道空间站进行。分析句子可知，此处考查固定句型“It was the first time that.”意为“这是第一次”，该句型中从句要用过去完成时，即had done结构，分析句子
36、可知，空处在此处作谓语，与主语之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been delivered。30had planned【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这架飞机原计划在2014年3月8日抵达北京，但最终没有抵达。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；结合句意及后面的谓语动词didnt可知，此处didnt已经是过去发生的事，而plan应该是发生在didnt之前的事，表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时had done结构。故填had planned。31had slipped【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他滑倒了，他会死的。由would have died和句意可知，句子是
37、虚拟语气，且表示与过去相反的事实，if从句中时态用过去完成时，故填had slipped。32had discovered【详解】考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。“by过去时间”意为“到为止”，表示“过去的过去”。后面的句子应用过去完成时，且主语和提示词之间是“主动关系”。故填had discovered。33had chatted【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句意：这是她第一次用英语在网上聊天。It is the first time + that 从句，从句要用现在完成时； It was the first time + that从句
38、，从句要用过去完成时，故填had chatted。34had started【详解】考查时态。句意：当她到达学校时，第一节课已经开始了。由“By the time she got to the school”可知，句子时态用过去完成时，空格处用had done，故填had started。35had done【详解】考查时态。句意：我花了很长时间才完全理解他们为我所做的一切。从句的动作发生主句过去动作之前，所以用过去完成时。根据句意，故填had done。36had extended【详解】考查时态。句意：那时，大火已经蔓延到15楼。根据时间状语By that time可知，用过去完成时态。根
39、据句意，故填had extended。37had come【详解】考查时态。句意：这是我第一次来你的家乡。此处为句型this/it was the first time that+过去完成时。故填had come。38had hardly hung【详解】考查固定句式及时态。句意：他刚一把照片挂在墙上，照片就掉了下来。固定句式 hardly. when. 是含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句，意思为：一就。在这个句式中，when后面的从句用一般过去时，主句动作发生在从句之前，要用过去完成时，hardly放在had done的中间。故答案为had hardly hung。39had not
40、seen【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我昨天遇到了汤姆。自从他去北京后，我们就没有见过面。根据“met Tom yesterday”和“since he went to Beijing”可知，此处用过去完成时态，故填had not seen。40had been regarded【详解】考查动词。句意：到30岁时，他被认为是那个时代杰出的雕塑家之一。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中的by the time he was 30为过去完成时的时间标志，即表示动作发生在过去的过去。同时he与regard之间为被动关系，故使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been regarded。41had
41、been buried【详解】考查时态、语态。句意：据说，这些旧硬币被发现时已被埋在地下约100年了。Its said that.为固定句型，that引导真正的主语从句，it为形式主语。根据时间状语 by the time they were discovered，硬币被埋的动作在他们被发现之前，主语从句应用过去完成时，bury与逻辑主语the old coins之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填had been buried。42had been conducted【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：早在第二次世界大战之前，美国和欧洲就已经进行了这类实验。根据时间状语before the Seco
42、nd World War且表示“过去发生的事情对于现在的影响”，则应用过去完成时，名词Experiments与动词conduct是“动宾关系”，应用被动语态。故填had been conducted。43been frozen【详解】考查被动语态。句意：当救援人员赶到时，两人已被冻死。根据句意可知，“救援”为过去的动作，所以“冻死”在“救援”之前发生，应为过去的过去，所以应为过去完成时，又因是“被冻死”，所以应用被动语态。故填been frozen。44had been abused【详解】考查动词。句意：社会工作者发现这个孩子曾被她父亲虐待过。分析句子，设空处使用动词作that引导的宾语从句
43、的谓语。此处强调的是动作发生在过去之前，故使用过去完成时。同时，abuse意为“虐待”，child与其之间是被动关系，故使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been abused。45had been built【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：1970年，这是偏远地区之前修建的最长的桥梁。分析句子结构，此句为由关系代词that引导的定语从句。先行词与从句动词build构成被动关系，结合时间状语in 1970和连词before，以及前面主句was，可知从句谓语动词用过去完成被动语态，had been built符合题意。故填had been built。46had been finished
44、【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到上个月底，项目的三个部分如期完成。分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，根据句意和句中的时间状语by the end of last month可知，句子应该用过去完成时；句子的主语three parts in the project和所给动词finish是被动关系，句子应该用被动语态。故填had been finished。47had been revised【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这本书在出版之前已经修订了很多次。根据句意和was可知，横线处的动作发生在“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。且主语book跟动词revise之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动
45、语态。故填had been revised。48had been taken【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这些照片是在我父亲去世前拍摄的。分析句子可知，take是谓语动词，根据before引导的时间状语是一般过去时可知，主句表示“过去的过去”发生的动作，用过去完成时，且主语pictures与take是被动关系，故填had been taken。49had been done【详解】考查动词语态。句意：任务完成后，他继续在网上搜索。do与主语是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，动作发生在went on to search之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had been done。50h
46、ad been translated【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他说这本书已经被翻译成了日语。所给动词translate(翻译)在句中作宾语从句的谓语，陈述之前既定事实，且主句为一般过去时，则宾语从句过去完成时态；主语book应该是被翻译，应使用被动语态。故填had been translated。51had been reduced【详解】考查动词语态。句意：他说生产成本已经降低了。reduce与主语the production costs是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，动作发生在said之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had been reduced。52had been f
47、inished【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当他到达学校时，第一阶段已经结束了。设空处为主句谓语，根据By the time he got to the school，可知谓语发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been finished。53had been destroyed【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：飓风结束的时有多少大楼已经被摧毁了？分析句子可知，此处要用完成时来表示结果；又根据ended可知，此处用过去完成时表示过去动作的结果。buildings与动词destroy是被动关系，故填had been destroy
48、ed。54has been arrested【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我刚得知他因为某种原因被捕了。设空处在句中作谓语动词，与主语he之间为被动关系；结合句意可知，是先被捕，才知道的消息，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been arrested。55had been cited【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：这是他们第三次因对公司的忠诚和价值而上榜。句中it was the third time that +过去完成时，为固定句型，意为“第三次做某事”，句中they和cite之间是被动关系，故使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been cited。56had been appoin
49、ted【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：教授兴奋地告诉他，他已被任命为助理教授。appoint与主语he是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，“被任命”发生在told之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had been appointed。57had been done【详解】考查宾语从句和过去完成时的被动语态。句意：当他看到对他这幅画的所做所为时，他非常生气。what引导宾语从句，表示“所做的事情”。根据saw，可知句子为一般过去时。对这幅画的所做所为发生在saw之前，构成过去的过去，所以用过去完成时had done结构。what做do的宾语，提到do的前面应用被动语态。故填had been
50、 done。58had been invited【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动。句意：如果她被邀请了，她就会去参加聚会了。分析可知，句子为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，且所填动词应是条件状语从句“If she_ (invite)”的谓语动词，与过去事实相反的虚拟语气条件句的结构为：if+主语+had done。结合语境可知，主语“she”与动词“invite(邀请)”之间为被动关系，应是过去完成时被动结构：had been done。故填had been invited。59had been built【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：到1976年底，这座城市的很多建筑物已经建成。by the end of 1976表示“到1976年底”。buildings是build的宾语，提到句首做主语逻辑上构成被动关系，所以要用被动语态。且1976年底的时候，建筑物已经建成，构成过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故填had been built。60had been used【详解】考查时态。句意：到11世纪为止，指南针已经被中国人用来在海上航行。由by+具体时间“表示截止到时间”，句子时态用完成时态，结合the 11th century为过去时间，可知此处为过去完成时。compasses和use为被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态had been done。故填had been used。
