1、课时规范训练(单独成册)训练(八).阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。A(2015高考陕西卷)The production of coffee beans is a huge，profitable business，but，unfortunately，fullsun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coffee is grown from shadegrown production to fullsu
2、n production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds，and even disturbs the worlds ecological balance.On a local level，the damage of the forest required by fullsun fields affects the areas birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种
3、)that depend on the trees flowers and fruits.Fullsun coffee growers destroy this forest home.As a result，many species are quickly dying out.On a more global level，the destruction of the rainforest for fullsun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests
4、plant and animal life，and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.In addition，new coffeegrowing techniques are poisoning the water locally，and eventually the worlds groundwater.Both locally and globally，the continued spread of fullsun coffee
5、plantations(种植园)could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the worlds climate，and studies show that the loss of oxygengiving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.Moreover，the new growing techniques are contributi
6、ng to acidic(酸性的)soil conditions.It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life，from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shadegrown coffee whenever possible，although at a higher cost.The future health of the plane
7、t and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。咖啡豆的新的种植技术带来了很大的利润，但与此同时也给我们带来了很多危害，影响我们生活的各个层面，因此我们要作出正确的选择。1What can we learn about fullsun coffee production from Paragraph 4?AIt limits the spread of new growing techniques.BIt leads to air pollution and global w
8、arming.CIt slows down the loss of shade trees.DIt improves local soil conditions.解析：选B。细节理解题。由文章第四段中的.the loss of oxygengiving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.可知B项正确。由第四段第一句可知，是扩大了而不是限制了新种植技术的传播，故A项错误；它破坏了雨林生态系统，而不是减慢了这些树的丧失速度，故C项错误；由第四段最后一句可知，这种新的种植技术导致了酸性土壤状况而不是改进了土壤状况，故D项错误。2
9、The purpose of the text is to .AentertainBadvertiseCinstructDpersuade解析：选D。观点态度题。通读全文可知，本文向大家介绍咖啡豆的新的种植技术所带来的不良影响，旨在说服大家作出正确的选择，故选D项persuade(说服)。entertain娱乐，advertise做广告，instruct指导，均不合适。3Where does this text probably come from?AAn agricultural magazine.BA medical journal.CAn engineering textbook.DA
10、tourist guide.解析：选A。推理判断题。本文向大家介绍咖啡豆的新的种植技术所带来的不良影响，这属于农学的范畴，因此最有可能出自一本农学杂志，故选A项。B项A medical journal(一本医学杂志)，C项An engineering textbook(一本工程教科书)，D项A tourist guide(一本旅行指南)，均不正确。4Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?(P：paragraph)解析：选A。文章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段从整体上介绍咖啡豆的新的种植技术带来的危害，中间第二
11、、三、四段详细介绍了具体的危害，最后一段介绍这种新的种植技术影响我们生活的各个层面，消费者要作出正确的选择。因此，整篇文章属于“总分总”结构，故选A项。B(2016河北衡水市高三大联考)Fort Scott High School English teacher Emily Rountree has been working this semester to raise money for Charity Water，a nonprofit organization，which uses 100 percent of public donations to help fund water pr
12、ojects in places without access to clean drinking water.Her goal was to motivate her students to use their writing in class to make a real world difference.Twelve students got top grades on the project and their articles will be published in the Tribune and online.The money from their writing is of
13、great help.“Did you know that there are many countries around the world that dont have access to safe drinking water? Just think，that could be your someone in your family，in my English classes，we are trying to raise money for Charity Water.Charity Water is the organization that helps people get wate
14、r in countries where there is no safe drinking water”，said Tanner Johnson，a student attending Fort Scott High School.In developing countries,780 million people dont have access to clean drinking water.In Africa alone，people spend 40 billion hours every year just walking for water.Women and children
15、are the ones that mainly do the walking.They could be attacked，or get hurt.Whenever they get home the water that they have brought home is unsafe water that，has been in swamps，ponds，or rivers.If they had safe drinking water they wouldnt have to worry about and they wouldnt be wasting hours of their
16、day.Unsafe drinking water causes many different kinds of diseases that could lead to death.You could help save someones life by donating $ 20 so you could help get them some safe drinking water.You can easily donate online at mycharitywater.org/fshsenglish，or you can send a check payable to Fort Sco
17、tt High School to Emily Rountree.If you dont help these people then who will?【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文，属于社会类短文阅读。在发展中国家，还有7.8亿人口得不到洁净的饮用水。伸出你的手，捐出20美元帮助全世界那些缺少洁净饮用水的人们。5Emily Rountree is working for Charity water .Ato set up a nonprofit organization about waterBto help discover where clean drinking water isCto
18、 find access to using the public donationsDto encourage her students to help those in need解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her goal was to motivate her students to use their writing in class to make a real world difference.”可知，老师的目标是激励她的学生在课堂上用他们的文章给世界带来变化。故选D。6How can the students bring differences to the world
19、?ABy donating all their pocket money.BBy collecting money in their spare time.CBy giving away their money from writing.DBy conducting themselves well in class.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Twelve students got top grades on the project and their articles will be published in the Tribune and online.The money fr
20、om their writing is of great help.”可知，学生在老师的鼓励下开始写作，他们的文章已经正式发表并通过捐出所得的稿费帮助这项慈善事业。故选C。7What does the third paragraph imply?AAfrica is lacking in water resources.BWomen do nothing but getting water.CPeople in Africa live a hard life.DRivers in Africa have been polluted.解析：选C。推理判断题。第三段谈到了在非洲人们很难得到洁净的饮
21、用水，为了取水，需要付出很大辛苦。故选C。8It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .Aonly a few people participate in the donationBit is easy to lend a hand to those in needCstaff at the website will collect moneyDit is convenient to pay off your check解析：选B。推理判断题。最后一段谈到了你仅仅捐出20美元就能拯救一个人的生命，对于你来说则是举手之劳。故选B。.语法填空阅
22、读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It is reported that many middle school students are just not getting enough sleep，especially during the school week.The problem seems to get 1. (bad) as they get older.Year 7 students sleep 8.4 hours in a school night，and Year 9 students only 6.9 hours.Its also rep
23、orted that not getting enough sleep can cause 2. (problem) in a students life.Many students fall 3. (sleep) in school or while doing their homework，so it is not 4. (surprise) that they get lower grades than those who get enough sleep.Scientists suggest nine hours a night for middle school students.O
24、f the students who feel 5. (happy) and nervous,73% dont get enough sleep at night.Why arent students getting enough sleep? Many students have one of the 6. (follow) things，like telephone，television，or computer in their bedrooms.Using them on a school night not 7. takes their time away from homework，
25、but also makes 8. difficult for them to sleep.As a result，many students cant sleep before 11 pm，yet they must get up early 9. (go) to school.Scientists also suggest students should not do exciting activities for an hour 10. bedtime.【解题导语】本文描述了一个普遍存在的现象。调查显示大部分青少年学生的睡眠时间不足，这是导致他们学习成绩差的原因之一。1worse。考查比
26、较级。这里与get older 相对应，所以都应该用比较级，bad的比较级是worse，get worse“变得更糟糕”。故填worse。 2problems。考查可数名词。problem是可数名词，这里没有定冠词所以要用复数形式。故填problems。3asleep。考查固定短语。fall asleep “入睡；睡着”。故填asleep。4surprising。考查形容词。surprised adj.“吃惊的”，一般修饰人，如：be surprised to do；surprising也是形容词，“使人吃惊的”，一般修饰物，it is not surprising that.“不足为奇”。故
27、填surprising。5unhappy。考查形容词。睡眠不足会导致nervous“紧张”，这里与紧张是并列结构，所以应该是一个消极词汇。故填unhappy。6following。考查形容词。这里修饰的是名词things，所以要填形容词。follow的形容词形式要加ing。故填following。7only。考查固定搭配。后半句出现了but also，所以这里应该是not only，not only.but also“不仅而且”。故填only。8it。考查代词。make为动词，difficult为形容词，中间缺少一个名词，要用it指代睡觉。故填it。9to go。考查动词不定式。get up
28、to do something“起床做某事”。故填to go。10before。考查介词。文章的意思是在睡前一小时不要做太兴奋的活动。故填before。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。The other night a friend an
29、d I went to visit a friend of me.It was a wonderfully visit.We shared much laughs over some childhood stories.It was the very long drive，so on the way back we stopped at a restaurant eat.He paid for the order along with a tip that was five times the amount of her bill.His tip was too generous that t
30、he waitress could not believe he tips her that much.Back in the car I asked him that why he had left such a big tip and he responded that he knew it would make her happier.It was so simple but many of us even never thought about it.答案：The other night a friend and I went to visit a friend of .It was
31、a visit. We shared laughs over some childhood stories.It was very long drive，so on the way back we stopped at a restaurant eat.He paid for the order along with a tip that was five times the amount of bill.His tip was generous that the waitress could not believe he her that much.Back in the car I ask
32、ed him that why he had left such a big tip and he responded that he knew it would make her .It was so simple but many of us even never thought about it.小写作【写作素材】1李华，是二班的一个学生，过去沉溺于毒品。(belong to; be addicted to)2为了让他戒掉这个坏习惯，他的父母减少了他的生活费用。(in order to/so as to; give up; reduce)3而且他们告诉他照这样下去他很可能会被送进监狱。然
33、而，李华不愿意听。(likely)4为了弄钱，一天他闯入附近的一座房子，然后被捕了。(break into；nearby)5警察告诉他很危险，并决定把他送到戒毒中心。 One possible version：Li Hua，belonging to Class 2，used to be addicted to drugs.His parents reduced his living cost in order to let him give up the bad habit.Whats more，they told him that he was likely to be sent to prison if he went on like this.However，Li Hua wouldnt listen.To get some money，he broke into a house nearby one day and then was arrested.The policeman told Li Hua that he was in danger and decided to send him to a center for drug addicts.
