1、UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS.阅读理解Smoking is harmful. But as soon as you quit the habit, everything will be OK, right? Wrong.New research has found that even if you give up smoking, the damage it has done to your genes will stay there for a much longer time. In the research, a team of US scientists stud
2、ied the blood of 16,000 people. Among them, some were smokers, some used to smoke, and the rest were nonsmokers. Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7,000 genes of smokers had changeda number that is onethird of known human genes.According to NBC News, both heart disease and can
3、cer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their daytoday lives while doing things like smoking.When you stop smoking, a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years.This means your body is trying to heal (治愈
4、) itself of the harmful effects of smoking. But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer. They can stay for as long as 30 years, Its almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement (水泥)it will always be there, even when youve walked away and when the cement becomes dry.Although the study resul
5、ts may make people unhappy, there is a bright side: the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.抽烟有害健康，停止抽烟就会一切好起来吗？文章给出了科学的证据陈述这是一种错误的观点。1The function of Paragraph 1 is to .Aintrodu
6、ce the topic of the passageBgive an exampleCmake an argumentDshow the main idea of the passage答案：A解析：写作目的题。通读文章可知，第一段通过提出问题，下文具体阐述，故第一段的作用是介绍本文的话题。故选A。2Most genetic changes happen because of .Apeoples condition at birth Benvironmental pollutionCpeoples bad living habit Dheart disease and cancer答案：C解
7、析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their daytoday lives while doing things like smoking.一些人可能出生时就有了这些基因的改变，但是大部分人是在日常生活中做类似抽烟的事时发生了基因的变化。故大部分人基因的改变发生在日常的坏习惯中，故选C。3The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refers to .Athe footprint Bth
8、e cementCthe harmful effect Dthe genetic change答案：A解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词it所在的句子it will always be there, even when youve walked away and when the cement becomes dry.它总是在那里，甚至当你走开，当水泥变干时。可知这里的it指的是上文的脚印。故选A。4Which of the following statements is true?AThe findings are the fruit of more than three years resea
9、rch.BThe findings have prevented more people from starting smoking.CThe findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.DThe findings help to find cures for genetic damage caused by smoking.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一句the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage ca
10、used by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.这些发现可以帮助科学家发明药物来治疗由抽烟造成的基因破坏，或者找到方法来辨别哪些人有患心脏病或者癌症的风险。可知答案D正确。.七选五Keeping the memory in shape is important at any age，but it requires a bit more work as we grow. There are some simple activities that can improve you
11、r memory. 1 Awaken your senses.Use your senses to help your memory store(储存) needed information. 2 You can ask yourself like this: Is the sky a light blue or deep purple? The more involved(参与的) you can be in the information, the easier it is for your brain to store it.Use imagination and relation.Tr
12、ying to remember names? Lets say you meet a man named Frank Parker. 3 Tie the two together by picturing Frank dressed up in a hot dog costume(服装) parking his car in the parking lot. Now each time you see Frank，you should easily recall his name.Breathe deeply and relax. 4 Relax, breathe deeply and sl
13、owly and let your mind ease up for a minute. Being relaxed makes it easier for information to be both stored and remembered. 5 When you come upon something you need to remember, say to yourself，“Hey, pay attention and remember this！” You are giving yourself a wakeup call as well as giving your mind
14、a marker that it can use to help in storing the new information.AGive yourself an order.BGet a good nights sleep.CHere are four of them to get you started.DPicture a hot dog for Frank and a car for Parker.EFor example, note the colors of a picture you want to remember.FWhen we try hard to remember s
15、omething we often become nervous.GThe way you live influences not only your physical health but also your memory.本文是一篇说明文。保持记忆力在任何年龄都很重要，但随着我们的成长，这需要更多的努力。有一些简单的活动可以提高你的记忆力。文章介绍了四种方法可以帮助你开始。1C解析：上文提示“有一些简单的活动可以提高你的记忆力。”再根据下文提供的四个方法，承接上下文，C项Here are four of them to get you started.(这里有四种方法可以帮助你开始)切题，
16、故选C。2E解析：上文提示“用你的感官来帮助记忆储存需要的信息。”承接上文，E项For example, note the colors of a picture you want to remember.(例如，注意你想记住的图片的颜色。)切题，故选E。3D解析：上文提示“试着记住名字？假设你遇到一个叫弗兰克帕克的人。”下文提示“想象一下，Frank穿着热狗装，把车停在停车场里。”承接上下文，D项 Picture a hot dog for Frank and a car for Parker.(想象一个热狗给弗兰克，一辆车给帕克)切题。故选D。4F解析：下文提示“放松，慢慢深呼吸，让你的大
17、脑放松一分钟。”承接下文，F项 When we try hard to remember something we often become nervous.(当我们努力记住某事时，我们经常会变得紧张)切题。该项中的nervous与relax, breathe相吻合。故选F。5A解析：此空是小标题，应该用短小精悍的祈使句，在A/B中选。根据下文内容“当你遇到需要记住的事情时，对自己说，“嘿，注意，记住这个！”由此推知，A项Give yourself an order.(给你自己一个命令)切题。故选A。.读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。On Wednesday
18、 night, it was the closing time of the mall. But there was an hours work, at least, to get everything cleaned up. It would be 11：00 pm before I finally got home. I hadnt even had time to have dinner. I was starving. My feet ached. My whole body was filled with tiredness. I couldnt wait to go to bed.
19、 But it would be only 6 hours before the alarm went off at 5：00 am for my day job.Things had been tight for over a year now. My husband Pauls business had taken a huge hit. I have a fulltime job at a day care center and somehow do my homework for my college class too. Then I had to work nights at th
20、e mall. Without me taking my second job, there wouldnt be enough money to pay the bills. Let alone buy any Christmas presents for our 15yearold daughter, Marie. No one wanted to wake up on Christmas morning to an empty tree.I barely even saw Paul and Marie anymore. Marie was growing up, but a teenag
21、e girl still needs her mom. I worried about her, about us. Was she eating enough? Keeping up with her schoolwork? I wasnt afraid of sacrifices. Everyone was having to work hard for the family. I knew I was blessed to have two jobs, when millions of people couldnt find one.How I hoped to quit my job
22、at the day care center and obtain a fulltime degree. Id dropped down to one class a term. If I quit that, there was no way Id find the willpower to try again. Besides, wasnt I always telling Marie to keep hoping and never give up?My mind went back to the conversation Id had with Marie earlier. Paul
23、had dropped her off at the mall, where she was getting picked up for a babysitting job.“Remember were going Christmas shopping this night，”she said.“Now Ill even have my own money. See you later.”The floor was nearly done. The boss asked me to leave.注意：1所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3续写部分分为两
24、段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。答案Paragraph 1：I opened the back door of the mall and saw Marie outside with a bag of food, smiling. She finished her job an hour before. She figured I didnt have time for dinner, so she bought me a bag of food with her own money earned by babysitting and waited
25、for me outside the mall all the time. While I was eating, she told me that I was her hero and she admired everything I was doing for the family. When she was babysitting long hours or when she was tired of doing homework, she thought about my hard work. She remembered to have hope for life and never
26、 give up.Paragraph 2：I pulled her tight against me.Tomorrow the alarm would still ring at 5：00 am. The bills would still be waiting. There would be more rough days ahead. And yet I was ready to face them together with Paul and Marie, all of us willing to work hard and make sacrifices and hold on to each other. Things would get better with the love of a good family.
