1、课时作业40Meeting your ancestors.阅读理解AScreening for cancer may soon be as easy as letting out a deep breath. The PAN Cancer trial for early detection of cancer in breath is a collaborative effort between the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Owlstone Medical. The goal is to test Owlstones Breat
2、h Biopsy device (呼吸活检装置) and to create Breath Biopsy tests for early detection of a number of different kinds of cancers.This may sound like science fiction, but theres real science to back up the concept of a Breathalyzerlike device aimed at detecting cancer. Normal biochemical reactions in cells r
3、elease volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (挥发性有机化合物). These compounds release a smell that can be detected. If a cells VOC pattern has been changed, that could indicates something is going wrong with the cell, like cancer. The Breath Biopsy detects the VOC biomarker in a noninvasive (非侵入) way. To tes
4、t whether or not the Breath Biopsy is the VOCdetector of the future, Fitzgerald and her team will collect samples from 1,500 people who were referred to Addenbrookes Hospital in Cambridge due to cancer concerns.Trial participants will take the breath test before they undergo other diagnostic exams.
5、They will breathe into the device for 10 minutes, and Owlstone Medical will analyze the results. By looking across cancer types, researchers hope to determine if different cancers have different signals and how early these signals are detectable. Breath samples between those who do and those who don
6、t develop cancer will be compared to gain a stronger understanding of how VOCs work. If the Breath Biopsy can accurately identify cancer, then the device could be a screening tool for general doctors. The Breath Biopsy will not only shorten the test time but also help patients avoid some medical equ
7、ipment entering their body for diagnosis.“There is increasing potential for breathbased tests to aid diagnosis, sitting alongside blood and urine (尿) tests in an effort to help doctors detect and treat disease，”said Billy Boyle, cofounder and CEO of Owlstone Medical. “The concept of providing a whol
8、ebody snapshot in a completely noninvasive way is very powerful. And it is worthwhile to be popularized among hospitals.”本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个通过呼吸检测癌症的新装置。1What is the application of Owlstones Breath Biopsy device?ACuring various kinds of cancers.BHelping patients breathe smoothly.CDisplaying the resul
9、t of cancer tests.DDetecting cancers at the early stage.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段The goal is to.Biopsy tests for early detection of a number of different kinds of cancers可知，Owlstone的呼吸活检装置的用途是检测早期的癌症。2Whats the sign of a persons getting cancer according to the study?AHis body gives off a bad smell.BHis cel
10、ls VOC pattern goes abnormal.CHis cells stop producing VOC biomarkers.DHis body releases volatile organic compounds.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段If a cells VOC pattern has been changed, that could indicate.like cancer可知，一个人患癌的迹象是，体内细胞的VOC模式变得异常。3Which of the following about the Breath Biopsy device will Billy
11、Boyle agree with?AIt has a promising prospect.BItll replace blood and urine tests.CIts less powerful than current cancer detection methods.DItll help develop a more advanced device of cancer screening.答案：A解析：观点态度题。根据末段Billy Boyle所说的话可知，呼吸活检有助于医生做诊断，有潜力且值得推广，故Billy Boyle认为呼吸活检前景光明。BWith production ov
12、errunning (泛滥) on Martin Scorseses new film, the famous Hollywood director admitted this month he was worried about the “youthification” technology he was employing to smooth out his actors. The leading actor Robert De Niro and Al Pacino played young versions of their characters in the first half of
13、 the film, with their wrinkles and jowls (下巴) removed by the technology.Speaking to the British director Joanna Hogg, the filmmaker Martin Scorsese said that good actors should meet some necessary requirements: excellent acting skills, rich imagination, good understanding and so on. However, there w
14、as something important that was missing while the technique was used. He added, “I dont know how to instruct my actors to make their performance more impressive, especially rich eye expressions. Apparently, the technique makes their eyes dull, which disappoints me the most.”In this case, he isnt alo
15、ne. While the technology is doubtless impressive, there have been grumbles_about the “unnatural valley” effect of digitally deageing actors. Film critics, such as Manohla Dargis of the New York Times, and The Ringers Andrew Gruttadaro, observed that “as an audience member watching these films, you g
16、et the horrible feeling that youre not watching a person, but an entity (实体) imitating a person”. Similar reservations have been heard about Anthony Hopkins being deaged in TVs Westworld. Later this year, Ang Lees Gemini Man will appear, starring Will Smith as a killer who meets his younger self, wh
17、ich is also played by Smith. The problem is that everybody who grew up with The Fresh Prince of BelAir knows what Will Smith looked like as a younger man, and it wasnt this one.To quote Dr Ian Malcolm from Jurassic Park, “Scientists were so preoccupied with whether or not they could, and they didnt
18、stop to think if they should.” Deageing technology gives us the dazzling impression rather than the effect of youth, as a younger actor would. More goes into the ageing process than mere looks; it betrays a thin understanding of psychology to expect otherwise.本文是一篇议论文。作者讨论了现在电影中采用的高科技技术可以消除演员脸上的皱纹，让
19、他们看起来很年轻，但这样做并不可取。4What was Martin Scorseses concern about his new film?AThe high cost of the film.BThe age of his leading actors.CThe effect of the new technology.DThe plot in the first part of the film.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段he was worried about the “youthification” technology he was employing to smoot
20、h out his actors.可知他对自己采用特效技术使演员年轻化的效果担忧。5What quality of an actor did Martin Scorsese probably pay more attention to?AExpressive performance.BVivid imagination.CDeep understanding of acting.DGood language ability.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“I dont know.make their performance more impressive, especially rich
21、 eye expressions.”可知Martin Scorsese更加关注演员丰富的表现力，尤其是眼神的表现力。6What do the underlined words “grumbles about” in Paragraph 3 mean?AAdvice on. BDissatisfaction with.CAdmiration for. DInspiration from.答案：B解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的Film critics, such as Manohla Dargis of the New York Times.you get the horrible feeli
22、ng that youre not watching a person, but an entity imitating a person.可知，评论家对该特技效果持否定的态度，并没有赞许或提出建议，故可推知画线词组意为“对有怨言或不满”。7What could be the best title for the text?AThe improvement of Hollywood moviesB“Deageing” technology benefits old actorsCThe breakthrough of Martin Scorseses new filmDHollywoods “
23、deageing” technology has gone too far答案：D解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知本文主要讨论了好莱坞电影中运用的使演员年轻的特效技术的弊端，故可知答案。.完形填空I used to hate running. It seemed too hard, and pushing outside my comfort _1_ was not something I was eager to do.In fact, I wouldnt have become a(n) _2_ if it werent for my husband Charles. He had be
24、en a serious, competitive runner for many years. After our marriage, he wouldnt stop talking about how much he _3_ it.So he picked it up again, and after about a year, I started to join him at the _4_. Just a few weeks later, Charles signed up for a fivekilometer race for both of us. I _5_ about doi
25、ng it. It was too soon.But on the race day, there I was.The gun went off. Thousands of runners _6_.The first kilometer was tough. I was already breathing _7_ and painfully aware of the group of runners running past me.After another minute I saw the threekilometer _8_. All I could think of was that I
26、 was dying.I rounded a corner, and saw both sides of the street _9_ with people watching the race, all cheering the runners on：I willed my legs to keep going.Then I looked up and saw the clock. The _10_ ticking away gave me an incentive (动力). I knew that if I had _11_ finished this race I would have
27、 achieved something. So, I straightened up, and kicked it.I had my arms _12_ higher when I passed through the finish line. A volunteer put a(n) _13_ around my neck.“You did great! Im so proud of you！” Charles was thrilled that Id _14_.“That was amazing! I want to do another race.” I proudly hugged m
28、y medal as we started to walk to the postrace festivities. My lungs and my comfort zone both _15_.本文是一篇记叙文。作者原本并不喜欢跑步，但是在丈夫的带动下她也开始跑步，并且坚持完成了5公里的跑步比赛。1A.block BlineCemotion Dzone答案：D解析：根据文章最后一句中的“my comfort zone”可知，答案选D项。2A.wife BcoachCexpert Drunner答案：D解析：根据下文内容可知，作者一开始不喜欢跑步，在丈夫的带动下，最后变成了一名跑步者(runn
29、er)。3A.hated BmissedCadmired Dtrained答案：B解析：根据下文中的“So he picked it up again”可推知，作者的丈夫和她结婚以后，总是不停地说他有多想念(missed)跑步。4A.race BdepartmentCtrack Dceremony答案：C解析：根据该句可知，当作者的丈夫重新开始跑步时，作者也加入了他，和他一起跑。track“跑道”。5A.hesitated BpuzzledCcared Dbrought答案：A解析：根据上文可知，作者以前并不喜欢跑步，当作者的丈夫让她一起报名参加五公里跑步的时候，作者有些犹豫。6A.slipp
30、ed away Bbacked offCpushed forward Dcame over答案：C解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，当发令枪一响，数千名跑步者冲了出去。7A.mildly BshallowlyCgently Dheavily答案：D解析：根据空前一句“The first kilometer was tough”可推知，当跑了一公里的时候，作者已经呼吸沉重了。heavily“沉重地”。8A.symbol BmarkCpattern Dcampaign答案：B解析：根据该句“After another minute I saw the threekilometer _8_”可知，此处表
31、示作者看见了三公里的标志牌。mark“标记”。9A.stuck BcrowdedCprovided Ddirected答案：B解析：街道的两边挤满(crowded)了观看赛跑的人，他们都在为选手加油。10A.seconds BtitlesCcriteria Dcompetitors答案：A解析：根据语境可知，此处表示作者觉得每一秒走过的时间都在给她加油助力。11A.also BactuallyCjust Dunfortunately答案：B解析：作者知道如果她的确(actually)完成了比赛，那么她已经完成了一些事。12A.kept BcrossedCheld Dtied答案：C解析：当作者
32、冲过终点线的时候，她把自己的手举得更高。hold“使保持(在某位置)”。13A.rope BmedalCnecklace Daward答案：B解析：根据下文中的“I proudly hugged my medal”可知，此处表示一个志愿者给作者带上奖牌。14A.got it Bmeant itCmade it Ddefeated it答案：C解析：根据上文内容可知，作者最终完成了对她来说看似不可能完成的事情，跑完了五公里。make it“获得成功”。15A.trembled BexpandedCached Derupted答案：B解析：根据语境可知，此处表示在作者成功跑完了这次五公里之后，她感觉自己的肺和舒适区都得到了扩展。
