1、北京市第四十四中学2021届高三英语下学期第三次模拟测试试题（含解析）试卷满分100分，时间90分钟第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分）第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15） As I watched the bus driver set my luggage on the sidewalk, I realized my anxiety had begun. This was my first visit to the international airport, and nothing was _1_. I could not make sense of any o
2、f the signs. I had been in this country for a whole term, but I could not even recognize the basic characters. I began to _2_. I had to find help because I could not be late!Fortunately, another _3_ arrived and the passengers came out. I dragged my suitcase behind me and followed the group. We final
3、ly reached the elevators. Oh, no! They all fit in it, but there was not enough _4_ for me. I watched in despair as the elevator doors closed. I got on the elevator when it returned and stared at all the buttons. I pressed button 3.I _5_ nervously when I stepped out of the elevator. Tears formed in m
4、y eyes as I saw the deserted lobby (大厅) and _6_ that I couldnt find the inspection counter. Just then an airport employee appeared. He saw that I was _7_ and asked if he could help. He gave me his handkerchief to dry my eyes as I related my difficult situation. He smiled kindly, and _8_ me down a lo
5、ng hallway. We walked up some stairs, lines of people and pushed my luggage to the inspection counter.When I turned to thank him for all his help, he was gone. I will never know that kind mans name, but I will always _9_ his unexpected politeness. He helped me when I needed it the most. I can only h
6、ope that one day I will be able to do the same for another _10_ who is suffering through a terrible journey.1. A. newB. familiarC. beautifulD. difficult2. A. panicB. wonderC. regretD. dream3. A. busB. trainC. planeD. car4. A. timeB. moneyC. airD. room5. A. broke downB. came inC. looked aroundD. drop
7、ped by6. A. revealedB. respondedC. recalledD. realized7. A. busyB. hurtC. lostD. bored8. A. followedB. racedC. ledD. pushed9. A. reportB. rememberC. explainD. suggest10. A. pilotB. travelerC. workerD. driver【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在国际机场候机楼迷路，得到好心工
8、作人员帮助的故事。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是我第一次去国际机场，一切都不熟悉。A. new新的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. beautiful漂亮的；D. difficult困难的。根据前文“This was my first visit to the international airport”可知，因为作者第一次去国际机场，一切不熟悉。故选B。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始恐慌起来。A. panic恐慌；B. wonder想知道；C. regret后悔；D. dream做梦。根据前文“I had been in this country for a wh
9、ole term, but I could not even recognize the basic characters.( 我在这个国家待了整整一个学期，但我连最基本的汉字都认不出来。)”可知，因为对周边情况不熟悉，所以作者开始恐慌起来。故选A。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，另一辆公共汽车来了，乘客们都出来了。A. bus公交车；B. train火车；C. plane飞机；D. car小汽车。根据前文“As I watched the bus driver set my luggage on the sidewalk, I realized my anxiety had b
10、egun. ”可知，此处指另一辆公交车来了。故选A。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都到电梯里去了，但没有足够的地方给我。A. time时间；B. money钱；C. air空气；D. room空间，地方。根据后文“I watched in despair as the elevator doors closed.”可知，作者绝望地看着电梯门关上，由此可知，此处指电梯里没有足够的空间了。故选D。【5题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我一走出电梯就紧张地向四周看了看。A. broke down崩溃；B came in进来；C. looked around环顾四周；D. dropped
11、by拜访。根据前文“but I could not even recognize the basic characters.”和后文“nervously when I stepped out of the elevator”可知，因为作者对一切不熟悉，所以出电梯时，紧张地向四周看了看。故选C。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到空无一人的大厅，意识到我找不到海关检查柜台时，我的眼睛里涌出了泪水。A. revealed揭露；B. responded回应；C. recalled回忆；D. realized意识到。根据后文“I couldnt find the inspection coun
12、ter.”可知，此处指作者意识到自己找不到海关检查柜台。故选D。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他看出我迷路了，就问我是否需要帮助。A. busy忙碌的；B. hurt受伤的；C. lost迷路的；D. bored无聊的。根据前文“ I couldnt find the inspection counter. ”可知，因为作者找不到海关检查柜台，由此可知，作者迷路了。故选C。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和蔼地笑了笑，领着我走过一条长长的走廊。A. followed跟随；B. raced参加比赛；C. led带领；D. pushed推。根据后文“We walked up some
13、 stairs, lines of people and pushed my luggage to the inspection counter.”可知，那个员工领着作者走过一条长长的走廊，到了海关检查处。故选C。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我永远也不会知道那个善良的人的名字，但我将永远记住他出乎意料的礼貌。A. report报道；B. remember记得；C explain解释；D. suggest建议。根据前文“I will never know that kind mans name”和转折连词but可知，虽然作者不知道那个善良的人的名字，但作者记住了他的礼貌。故选B。【10题
14、详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只能希望有一天，我也能为另一个正在经历可怕旅程的旅行者做同样的事情。A. pilot飞行员；B. traveler旅行者；C. worker工人；D. driver司机。根据后文“ who is suffering through a terrible journey.”可知，此处指的是旅行者。故选B。第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Mrs. Bailey was important in the ed
15、ucational journey that carried me through school and into my profession. Until I joined her class, I hadnt believed in my ability as a writer. She _11_ (persuade) me to join the poetry society and lit in me a fire for literature. She recognised _12_ (I) potential and showed me that I could write wit
16、h creativity and enthusiasm. Because of the confidence she inspired in me, Ive carved out a _13_ (success) profession as a journalist.【答案】11. persuaded 12. my 13. successful【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mrs. Bailey对作者的影响。【11题详解】考察时态。句意：她说服我加入诗社，点燃了我对文学的热情。结合上下文的时态和本句句意，这里表示的是过去发生过的事，所以用一般过去时。故填persuaded。【1
17、2题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：她发现了我的潜力，并向我展示了我可以充满创造力和热情地写作。potential在句中作动词recognize的宾语，是名词，前面的代词应该用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填my。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：因为她激发了我的信心，我在记者行业闯出了一番天地。profession意为“职业”，是名词，需要形容词来修饰。故填successful。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Some university students carried out a campaign
18、_14_ they celebrated their whole day without cell phones. This move was to improve their relationships with their near and dear ones and to keep them away from the virtual (虚拟的) life. _15_ (study) indicate that a majority of young people used their phones during lessons, over family meals or even at
19、 the cinema. The problem of phone addiction (成瘾) has been observed since a few years ago, with experts and psychologists _16_ (try) to increase awareness about this problem.【答案】14. where 15. Studies 16. trying【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一些大学生为了戒掉手机瘾而开展的一项活动。【14题详解】考查定语从句。句意：一些大学生开展了一项活动，他们在没有手机的情况下度过一整天
20、。分析句子结构可知，这里是定语从句，先行词是a campaign，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。【15题详解】考查名词复数。句意：研究表明，大多数年轻人在上课、与家人吃饭甚至看电影时都使用手机。分析句子成分，这里是在句中作主语，应用名词，结合谓语动词indicate，没有用第三人称单数形式，说明主语是复数。而且因为是在句首，故填Studies。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：手机上瘾的问题在几年前就已经被发现了，专家和心理学家努力提高人们对这个问题的认识。分析句子结构可知，在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，try是作宾语补足语，它跟宾语之间是主动关系，所以要用现在分词。故填
21、trying。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The tiger shark _17_ (consider) to be one of the most dangerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dangerous? First, they like to live _18_ waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter (遭遇) are much g
22、reater. Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can _19_ (easy) hit a person. And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfectly _20_ (design) for cutting their food, so it is certain that the damage will be disastrous.【答案】17. is considered/has been considered 18. in 19. easily 20. des
23、igned【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么虎鲨如此危险。【17题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：虎鲨被认为是世界上最危险的鲨鱼之一。这是一个客观事实可以用一般现在时，或者这是到目前为止一种认知，所以也可以用现在完成时。主语是the tiger shark，是单数形式，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。而且虎鲨跟认为之间是被动关系，所以也要用被动语态。故填is considered/has been considered。【18题详解】考察介词。句意：首先，它们喜欢生活在人类经常游泳的水域，所以遇到它们的几率要大得多。虎鲨生活在水里，要用介词in。故填in。【19题详解】考察副
24、词。句意：第二，虎鲨是如此的强壮和有攻击性，它们可以轻易地攻击一个人。hit是动词，修饰动词要用副词，故填easily。【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：第三，虎鲨有完美的设计来切割它们的食物牙齿，所以肯定会造成灾难性的破坏。分析句子结构可知，这里“设计来切割食物”是在句中作teeth的定语，design跟teeth之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词。故填designed。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分） 第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）AIf youre looking to buy a gift for your children, why not keep u
25、p with the trend and get the best hoverboard?What is a Hoverboard?A hoverboard is a two-wheeled personal transportation device. Its electrical, portable and became highly popular in 2015 in reference to a popular 1980s movie. Typically, this self-balancing device operates like a powered skateboard.H
26、ow Does a Hoverboard Work?The device may have many designs, but the mechanism itself isnt complicated. Basically, a standard hoverboard contains:Battery: stores the electrical power. Almost all hoverboards use a high-watt lithium-ion battery.Gyroscope (one for each wheel): allows riders to tilt (倾斜)
27、 the hoverboard while maintaining balance and adjusting their direction.Motor (one in each wheel): provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider balanced and upright.Logic board: functions as the hoverboard brain. It processes data your speed, tilt, etc. and sends information to the motors. Thi
28、s unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed.All the above components work together to control the power and tilt of the hoverboards so the rider is balanced, upright and moving at a controlled speed.Why Buy a Hoverboard?Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool. Youve probably se
29、en kids riding one around the house. Theyre a phenomenon and everybody wants in. So, why deny your kids and prevent them from being part of this trend?Where is a hoverboard legal?Despite their wild popularity, hoverboards have yet to become “street-legal”. Currently, some places prohibit anyone unde
30、r 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions and public places, like campus buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway stations. Some places have also put speed limits on the devices and restricted their use to bike paths. However, open areas including your yar
31、d are free of these restrictions.21. The logic board of a hoverboard can _.A. store electricityB. power the wheelsC. send information to the ridersD. receive data and give command22. According to the passage, a hoverboard can be used _.A. on campusB. in parksC. on bike pathsD. in shopping malls23. W
32、hat is the main purpose of this passage?A. To evaluate a gifts quality.B. To recommend a gift choice.C. To compare new hoverboard models.D. To clarify functions of the latest hoverboards.【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B【解析】【分析】这是一则推荐类的广告。文章主要介绍了悬滑板（平衡车）的相关情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。由Logic board 部分中的It processes data your
33、 speed, tilt, etc. and sends information to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed.可知，它处理数据你的速度、倾斜度等并将信息发送给电动机。这个装置控制着滑板的力量，所以骑手们可以调整他们的速度。由此我们可以判断logic board可以接收数据，并发出指令。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的Currently, some places prohibit anyone under 16 from usi
34、ng these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions and public places, like campus buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway stations.可知，目前，一些地方禁止16岁以下的人使用这些设备，学术机构和公共场所也禁止使用悬滑板（平衡车），比如校园建筑、公园、购物中心和地铁站。选项A校园，B公园，D购物中心都被排除。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的If youre looking to buy a gift for
35、 your children, why not keep up with the trend and get the best hoverboard?可知，如果你想给你的孩子买礼物，为什么不紧跟潮流，买最好的悬滑板（平衡车）呢？由此可知，这篇文章是帮大家推荐一款给孩子的礼物。故选B项。【点睛】解目的意图类的推理判断题，一般是结合首段或者末段，就可以找到文章的目的意图。如第3小题，问文章的目的是什么，我们结合第一段中的If youre looking to buy a gift for your children, why not keep up with the trend and get t
36、he best hoverboard?可知，如果你想给你的孩子买礼物，为什么不紧跟潮流，买最好的悬滑板（平衡车）呢？由此可知，这篇文章是帮大家推荐一款给孩子的礼物。故选B项。BGrowing up, Deka Ismail says she let labels define what she could be. “I was a black girl, from a refugee (难民) family,” Deka said. “It was as if I was only allowed to explore in this predetermined box.”After a hi
37、gh school chemistry class inspired her to think about a career in science and gave her confidence in the field, Deka learned to live outside labels and began making big plans for her future. Now she is about to begin her freshman year at the University of California, planning to become a professor.B
38、orn and raised in San Diegos City Heights neighbourhood. Deka is the daughter of a Somali refugee couple. While some might say Dekas success happened in spite of her background, she would say differently, that her experiences shaped her and inspired her to be the driven, young scientist that she is
39、today.When Deka was eight years old, her mother got a job by studying hard back in school in order to support the whole family. That made Deka realize that education could make a difference to ones life. She spent a lot of time in the library reading books, and didnt do many of the things her peers
40、did, like partying or having romantic relationships.“I always felt like I had to be the perfect girl for my family,” Deka said. “You have to not even do your best but two times better than everyone else. I felt like the whole world was waiting for me to mess up.”Dekas efforts paid off. The summer be
41、fore her senior year of high school, she was accepted to the American Chemical Society Project SEED Programme. “She brought both enthusiasm and focus,” Botham, a researcher at this research institute, recalled. “She arrived every day ready to work, ready to learn and ready to tackle new challenges r
42、egardless of whether or not she had done anything similar.”When asked what advice she would give to others like her, Deka warned them not to underestimate themselves. “Dont tell yourself that scholarship is too big or this programme is too competitive or Ill never get into this school,” she said. “I
43、 was not sure whether I could make it until I started seeing the acceptance letters rolling in.”24. From the passage we can learn that _.A. Deka was adopted by a refugee familyB. Deka spent a lot of time going to partiesC. Deka became a professor after graduationD. Dekas experiences drove her to wor
44、k hard25. Deka realized the importance of education _.A. from her mothers experienceB. after her chemistry classC. by reading books in the libraryD. through working at the institute26. What does the story intend to tell us?A. Life is not all roses.B. Practice makes perfect.C. Well begun is half done
45、.D. Hard work leads to success.【答案】24. D 25. A 26. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Deka Ismail是一名来自难民家庭的黑人女孩，但是她通过不懈努力打破了标签，现在她即将开始她在加州大学的一年级，计划成为一名教授。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“her experiences shaped her and inspired her to be the driven, young scientist that she is today”(她的经历塑造了她，激励她成为像今天这样有动力的年轻科学家)可知，Deka的经历促使她
46、努力工作。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句和第二句“When Deka was eight years old, her mother got a job by studying hard back in school in order to support the whole family. That made Deka realize that education could make a difference to ones life. ”(Deka 8岁的时候，为了养家糊口，母亲回到学校努力学习，找了一份工作。这让Deka意识到教育可以改变一个人的生活。)可知，Dek
47、a从她母亲的经历中意识到教育的重要性。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒第二段第一句“Dekas efforts paid off.”(Deka的努力得到了回报。)和最后一句“She arrived every day ready to work, ready to learn and ready to tackle new challenges regardless of whether or not she had done anything similar.”(她每天到的时候都做好了工作、学习和应对新挑战的准备，不管她是否做过类似的事情。)可知，这个故事是为了告诉我们努力工作是成功
48、之道。故选D。CRegardless of how famous they are, and despite the star treatment they receive, many celebrities make it a point to give back to charities. Some have even set up their own private foundations. Their widely publicised visits to troubled areas of the world help to raise awareness of issues suc
49、h as famine and poverty. According to Jane Cooper of Unicef UK, celebrities have a unique ability to reach huge numbers of people, many of whom might not otherwise be engaged in charitable causes. She pointed out that famous faces had played a significant role in raising funds in recent years, and t
50、heir energies had produced tangible results, such as enabling millions of children in poorer countries to attend school.But in spite of these successes there is evidence to suggest that celebrity endorsement (代言) may be overrated. In a survey of members of the public to find out if celebrity involve
51、ment would encourage people to donate, researchers found that the impact was not as great as previously thought. When shown a list of well-known organisations and famous people who represent them, over half of respondents were unable to match the celebrity with the cause. Whats more, three quarters
52、claimed that they didnt respond to celebrity endorsement in any way. The survey also showed that a few names did stand out as being associated with particular charities. But the presence of a celebrity in a campaign, was not a significant factor when it came to a decision to donate time or money. In
53、stead, the majority of people contribute because of personal connections in their lives and families which make a charity important to them.In another study aimed at young people, most participants cited a compelling (无法抗拒的) mission as their main motivation to give. The second most important incenti
54、ve was if a friend or peer recommended supporting a particular cause. Only two percent of respondents said they were motivated by celebrity endorsement. This seems to contradict the general assumption that teenagers are particularly influenced by famous people. One possible explanation is that there
55、 is a general fatigue (疲倦) with celebrity culture. There is also a suspicion that the stars are the one who benefit most when they offer to do charity work. Some critics have accused that celebrities might actually take attention away from issues by attracting more attention than the causes they rep
56、resent.So taking all these issues into account, is it time for charities to rethink their campaign strategies and look for alternative ways to reach new audiences? Whichever point of view you favour, there seems to be opportunities for more research into how charity campaigns might develop relations
57、hips with celebrities to maximise their potential. This in turn will open up more engagement, and better targeted campaigns-which can only benefit those who really matter the people and animals that are in need of assistance.27. What does the underlined word “tangible” in paragraph I probably mean?A
58、. Definite.B. Complicated.C. Limited.D. Temporary.28. According to the passage, most people contribute to charities because _.A. they gain benefit from the charitiesB. they are forced to finish a necessary taskC. they believe in the famous people they likeD. they are inspired by the people around th
59、em29. The third paragraph is mainly about _.A. what celebrities achieve in doing charitiesB. How young people react to celebrity cultureC. why young people are hardly influenced by celebritiesD. who is to blame for taking attention away from charities30. What is the authors attitude towards celebrit
60、y doing charities?A. Objective.B. Positive.C. Negative.D. Unclear.【答案】27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了名人做慈善的利与弊。【27题详解】词句猜测题。第一段划线词所在句“She pointed out that famous faces had played a significant role in raising funds in recent years, and their energies had produced tangible results, suc
61、h as enabling millions of children in poorer countries to attend school.(她指出，名人近年来在筹集资金方面发挥了重要作用，他们的精力产生了切实的成果，比如让贫困国家的数百万儿童上学)”中的“such as enabling millions of children in poorer countries to attend school”部分表明，名人们在慈善方面的努力取得了实在的成果，所以可以推测tangible意为“切实的，实在的”。A. Definite.确切的；B. Complicated.复杂的；C. Limit
62、ed.有限的；D. Temporary.暂时的。所以A选项和划线词词义最接近，B、C、D都不符合。故选A项。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead, the majority of people contribute because of personal connections in their lives and families which make a charity important to them.(相反，大多数人捐款是因为他们生活和家庭中的私人关系，这使得慈善对他们很重要)”可知，大多数人向慈善机构捐款是因为他们受到周围人的鼓舞。故选D项。【29题详解】主旨大意题
63、。根据第三段“Only two per cent of respondents said they were motivated by celebrity endorsement. This seems to contradict the general assumption that teenagers are particularly influenced by famous people.(只有2%的受访者说他们受到名人代言的激励。这似乎与一般的假设相矛盾，即青少年特别容易受到名人的影响)”可知，与一般的假设相反的是，青年人几乎不会受到名人的影响，余下内容“One possible ex
64、planation is thatThere is also a suspicion thatSome critics have accused that”则主要讲述了原因，所以第三段主要讲述青少年几乎不受名人影响的原因。故选C项。【30题详解】推理判断题。文章前面主要讲述了名人做慈善带来的切实的成果以及被夸大的现象，最后一段“So taking all these issues into account, is it time for charities to rethink their campaign strategies and look for alternative ways to
65、 reach new audiences?. This in turn will open up more engagement, and better targeted campaigns-which can only benefit those who really matter the people and animals that are in need of assistance.(因此，考虑到所有这些问题，慈善机构是否应该重新考虑他们的竞选策略，寻找其他途径来接触新的受众？这反过来又会促进更多的参与和更有针对性的运动这只会让真正重要的人受益那些需要援助的人和动物)”提出慈善机构应该
66、多方考虑，最终目的是使得真正需要的人或动物受益。所以作者是以客观的态度来分析名人做慈善这件事。A. Objective.客观的；B. Positive.积极的；C. Negative.消极的；D. Unclear.不清楚的。故选A项。DEffective monitoring of endangered species is key to their survival. Studying the movement, range and habits of wild animals is essential in order to ensure their habitat remains fre
67、e from poachers (偷猎者) and development. Traditional methods of monitoring wild animals, especially large ones, include radio-tagging. To do this, individual animals must at first be captured so that collars or tags can be fitted.One organisation that adopted this technique was WildTrack. In the late
68、1990s, the team was using radio-collars to monitor black rhino in Namibia. However, the team soon realised that the chemicals used to immobilize the rhino in order to fit the collars had a negative impact on female fertility. Not only that but a large proportion of the radio-collars failed within th
69、e first 6 months and had to be replaced. Moreover, as animals grew, the collars would tighten, irritating or even hurting the animal. The method was not only expensive, but it was also counterproductive, as it changed the rhinos behaviour, thus invalidating (使失效) the data collected. At the same time
70、, the team was working alongside local trackers. Animal tracking is one of the oldest human skills, and these experts had years of experience in identifying individual animals by their footprints. They could effectively create a true picture of individual rhinos activities without the use of any inv
71、asive techniques. Consequently, the team were interested to know whether the trackers knowledge could be successfully translated into an effective, computerised technique for monitoring animal movement.Within each species, each individual has its own unique foot characteristics, in the same way that
72、 humans have fingerprints. Thus, if an animal is sighted and identified just once, and the characteristics of its footprints properly photographed and measured, its footprint can be recognised whenever it is sighted again. If done repeatedly, conservationists can draw up a database of all, or at lea
73、st a significant proportion of the individuals within the population. After that conservationists can use it to identify an animal and its movements by its print. The data gathered can be used for a range of purposes, for example to monitor biodiversity. WildTrack is currently using footprint identi
74、fication technology in Greece to study the potential effect of a large highway construction through brown bear habitat.Identifying an animal from its footprint is not without its challenges, however, as each time the individual places its foot on the ground, it leaves a slightly different track, acc
75、ording to the type of ground it is walking on, moisture levels and the way it is moving. In order to account for these variations, it is necessary to collect several tracks from each individual, including impressions from all four feet, on a range of surfaces.31. Compared with radio-collars, traditi
76、onal animal tracking _.A. is less accurateB. costs more moneyC. has less side effectsD. depends more on computers32. According to the passage, the foot-print identification technology _.A. needs more data to run betterB. develops from radio-collarsC has not been put into practiceD. works under certa
77、in environment33. What does the passage imply?A. Technology holds the key to development.B. Traditional skills make better conservationists.C. Animal tracking sets a new trend in conservation.D. Creativity lies in the combination of the old and new.34. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To p
78、resent WildTracks extraordinary work.B. To provide a new way of monitoring animals.C. To compare two different methods of catching animals.D. To explain how to identify animals footprints effectively.【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述为了保护濒危物种，人们采用的对野生动物的监测跟踪技术。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“They
79、could effectively create a true picture of individual rhinos activities without the use of any invasive techniques.（他们可以在不使用任何侵入性技术的情况下，有效地描绘出犀牛个体活动的真实情况。）”可知，传统的动物追踪不会对动物使用侵入性技术，所以可以推断，它很少有副作用。A. is less accurate（不太准确）和文章内容“could effectively create a true picture”不相符；B. costs more money（花费更大）是radio
80、-collars的特点；D. depends more on computers（更多依赖电脑）文中没有提到。只有C. has less side effects（有很少的副作用）可以从文章中推断出来。故选C项。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“If done repeatedly, conservationists can draw up a database of all, or at least a significant proportion of the individuals within the population. After that conservationists
81、can use it to identify an animal and its movements by its print. The data gathered can be used for a range of purposes, for example to monitor biodiversity.（如果重复这样做，自然资源保护主义者可以建立起一个数据库，包括种群中所有的，或者至少是种群中相当大比例的个体。之后，自然资源保护主义者可以用它来识别动物和它的运动印迹。收集到的数据可以用于多种目的，例如监测生物多样性。）”可以推断，足迹识别技术需要更多的数据才能更好地运行。故选A项。【3
82、3题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段和第二段前半部分主要讲述新技术radio-collars在动物监测上的作用和缺陷，故而引出了传统的动物追踪技术，第三段“Thus, if an animal is sighted and identified just once, and the characteristics of its footprints properly photographed and measured, its footprint can be recognised whenever it is sighted again（因此，如果一种动物只被看到和识别一次，并且正确地拍摄和测量
83、它的脚印的特征，那么无论何时再次被看到，它的脚印都可以被识别出来）”主要讲述动物足迹追踪技术的使用原则和人们对它的利用，文章最后一段讲述使用传统的动物足迹追踪技术也有挑战，所以我们可以看出，文章暗示要进行新旧技术的结合才能有所创新。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。文章前两段主要讲述radio-collars在动物监测上的缺陷，并且引出了传统的动物追踪技术，接下来着重讲了动物脚印追踪技术的开发利用。所以文章的主要目的应该是介绍这种动物监测方法。B项“To provide a new way of monitoring animals.（提供一种监测动物的新方法。）”符合题意。故选B项。第二节
84、7选5（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） False Memories or Parallel (平行的) Realities?Here is a common situation: Youre talking with someone about an event, only to discover that you both remember things quite differently. Usually, youd put it down to a poor memory, but what if it wasnt just one person who remember
85、ed things differently? What if it was millions?In fact this isnt a “what if” situation. Its known as the Mandela Effect, and it was first noticed in 2009 by paranormal researcher Fiona Broome. Broome was chatting with people about the South African activist Nelson Mandela, and she commented how sad
86、it was that he had died in prison in the 1980s. _35_ Actually, hed been released in 1990, become president of South Africa, and died in 2013.Broome was so shocked at this that she started an investigation. _36_ People have memories of movies that never existed, and famous words that were never spoke
87、n. There is even a group who clearly recall seeing maps showing that New Zealand was northeast of Australia (its southeast ). So what in the world is going on?_37_ In each reality, history is shaped by different events, and the Mandela Effect occurs when some of us shift from one reality to another.
88、 Therefore, those who remember Nelson Mandela dying in the 1980s arent wrong. Theyre just remembering events from their original reality.More likely, however, is that the Mandela Effect has to do with how our brains store information. _38_ Many people remember Pikachus tail having a black tip on the
89、 end of it, when in fact it was always yellow. “Aha!” you cry. “Parallel realities!” Probably not. Consider instead that people often ignore unfamiliar details and transform information to make it more understandable. In the Pikachu example, his tail may not have a black tip, but his ears certainly
90、do. Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips. _39_All things considered, if youre stuck arguing win someone about whose version of events is correct, it may indeed be easier to agree that neither of you is wrong. You just come from different realities.A. Before we explain
91、lets look at an example.B. It turns out she wasnt the only one whod experienced this.C. If several people make these memory errors, the false memory gets stronger socially.D. The story of Nelson Mandela is not the only example of this type of false group memory.E. Some claim the Mandela Effect happe
92、ns because we live in one of many parallel realities.F. Many in her group agreed, while others mentioned that Nelson Mandela had not died in prison.G. As more incidents of the Mandela effect continue to occur, perhaps more research into the origins will tell us the causes.【答案】35. F 36. D 37. E 38. A
93、 39. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了曼德拉效应的发现以及相关研究和其产生的原因。【35题详解】上文“Broome was chatting with people about the South African activist Nelson Mandela, and she commented how sad it was that he had died in prison in the 1980s（布鲁姆和人们聊起了南非社会活动家纳尔逊曼德拉，她说曼德拉在20世纪80年代死于狱中是多么令人悲伤。）”说明在布鲁姆记忆中曼德拉80年代死于狱中，下文“Actually, he
94、d been released in 1990, become president of South Africa, and died in 2013.（实际上，他在1990年被释放，成为南非总统，并于2013年去世。）”说明事实上曼德拉并不像布鲁姆记忆中的那样死于狱中，F项“Many in her group agreed, while others mentioned that Nelson Mandela had not died in prison.（她所在小组的很多人都同意这一观点，而其他人则提到，纳尔逊曼德拉并没有死在监狱里。）”说明对曼德拉死亡时间这件事情的两种不同的观点，承上启
95、下，符合语境。故选F项。【36题详解】下文“People have memories of movies that never existed, and famous words that were never spoken. There is even a group who clearly recall seeing maps showing that New Zealand was northeast of Australia (its southeast ).（人们对从未存在过的电影有记忆，对从未说过的名言有记忆。甚至有一群人清楚地记得看到地图显示新西兰在澳大利亚的东北部(它在东南)。
96、）”介绍了一些其他的有关错误记忆的例子，D项“The story of Nelson Mandela is not the only example of this type of false group memory.（纳尔逊曼德拉的故事并不是这种错误群体记忆的唯一例子。）”引出下文，说明有关错误记忆的例子，符合语境，故选D项。【37题详解】上一段段末“So what in the world is going on?（那么到底发生了什么？）”以提问的方式引出下文对曼德拉效应产生原因的解释，下文“In each reality, history is shaped by different
97、events, and the Mandela Effect occurs when some of us shift from one reality to another.（在每个现实中，历史是由不同的事件塑造的，当我们中的一些人从一个现实转向另一个现实时，曼德拉效应就发生了。）”说明曼德勒效应产生可能是由于不同的现实，E项“Some claim the Mandela Effect happens because we live in one of many parallel realities.（一些人声称，曼德拉效应的出现是因为我们生活在许多平行的现实中。）”作为段首，承上启下，引出
98、“多个平行现实”这一概念，说明有些人认为的曼德拉效应产生的原因，和下文中“从一个现实转向另一个现实”相衔接，符合语境。故选E项。【38题详解】上文“More likely, however, is that the Mandela Effect has to do with how our brains store information.（然而，更有可能的是，曼德拉效应与我们大脑储存信息的方式有关。）”提出了另一种曼德拉效应产生的原因，下文“Many people remember Pikachus tail having a black tip on the end of it, when
99、 in fact it was always yellowProbably notIn the Pikachu example, his tail may not have a black tip, but his ears certainly do. Thus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips.（许多人都记得皮卡丘的尾巴末端有一个黑色的尖，但实际上它总是黄色的或许不是在皮卡丘的例子中，它的尾巴可能没有黑色的尖，但它的耳朵肯定有。因此，人们误以为它的耳朵和尾巴都是黑色的。）”以皮卡丘的例子说明曼德拉效应
100、产生的另一个原因可能是人们信息存储的问题，A项“Before we explain lets look at an example.（在解释之前，让我们看一个例子。）”承上启下，引出下文的例子。故选A项。【39题详解】上文“Many people remember Pikachus tail having a black tip on the end of it, when in fact it was always yellowThus, both his ears and tail are misremembered as having black tips.（许多人都记得皮卡丘的尾巴末端
101、有一个黑色的尖，但实际上它总是黄色的因此，人们误以为它的耳朵和尾巴都是黑色的。）”说明人们对皮卡丘形象的错误记忆是由于人们对信息的错误处理，C项“If several people make these memory errors, the false memory gets stronger socially.（如果一些人犯了这些记忆错误，错误的记忆就会在社会上变得更强。）”说明为什么很多人会有一个群体的错误记忆，承接上文，符合语境。故选C项。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32 分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。A team of sci
102、entists has come up with a plan. They say could help rebuild the Arctic ice cap. The ice cap is a huge area of sea ice that covers most of the Arctic Ocean all year round.Usually, the sea ice gets thicker and spreads further each winter, but this hasnt happened for the past few years. Last month, th
103、e ice cap had shrunk to its smallest size since scientists began keeping records of it 38 years ago. The weather in the Arctic has been unusually warm this winter. Some days, temperatures have been 20 higher than is normal for this time of year. In March, the temperature was above 0 at least one day
104、.The Arctic ice cap is needed to be rebuilt because sea ice reflects heat and light from the sun back into space. With less ice, the ocean would absorb more heat. The Arctic would warm up even more quickly, and more ice would melt. Without sea ice, many animals would lose their natural habitats and
105、could become endangered. It could also affect the weather, with more storms and erosion along the coast.Dr. Steven Desch and a group of scientists from Arizona State University in the United States think they can help to build up Arctic sea ice again. They want to set up wind-powered pumps on the ex
106、isting sea ice. During the winter, the pumps would spread water from the ocean over the surface of the ice where it would freeze and form a new layer of ice. The scientists say that in 10 years, this could add an extra metre of ice to the ice cap.The plan would require about 10 million pumps and it
107、would be very expensive about $655 billion. Some other scientists are wondering if the pumps would actually work in severe Arctic conditions. They are also concerned about how the project might affect the environment.Dr. Desch said his team hoped their proposal would get more people interested in lo
108、oking for a solution to the problem of melting sea ice. He said the only plan people have right now is to try to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (排放) from cars and other man-made sources. He and his team dont think that will be enough to save the sea ice, so theyre going to work on their plan and ho
109、pe that it will give everyone a good start on saving the Arctic ice cap.40. Why is Arctic ice cap important?41. What is Dr. Steven Deschs solution to the problem?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Some scientists were worried about th
110、e project and Dr. Desch hoped more people could help improve it.43. Please briefly present your own solution(s) to the greenhouse gas emission problem in your daily life. (about 40 words)【答案】40. The Arctic ice cap plays an important role in protecting animal habitats and preventing natural disasters
111、. 41. Dr. Steven Desch and a group of scientists from Arizona State University in the United States think they can help to build up Arctic sea ice again and they want to set up wind-powered pumps on the existing sea ice. 42. Some scientists were worried about the project and Dr. Desch hoped more peo
112、ple could help improve it. From the first line of the last paragraph, we know that Dr. Desch said his team hoped their proposal would get more people interested in looking for a solution to the problem of melting sea ice. So the part of the statement “Dr. Desch hoped more people could help improve i
113、t” is false. 43. Firstly, we should save resources, such as water, electricity in our daily life. Secondly, we should plant more trees. Whats more, we should choose to ride a bike when we go out, instead of driving a car.【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一组科学家重建北极冰盖的计划。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Without sea ice, many a
114、nimals would lose their natural habitats and could become endangered. It could also affect the weather, with more storms and erosion along the coast.(如果没有海洋冰层，许多动物将失去它们的自然栖息地，并可能成为濒危物种。它还会影响天气，沿海地区会出现更多的风暴和侵蚀)”可知，北极冰盖对保护动物的栖息地以及人类防范自然灾害有很重要的作用。故答案为The Arctic ice cap plays an important role in protec
115、ting animal habitats and preventing natural disasters.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段“Dr. Steven Desch and a group of scientists from Arizona State University in the United States think they can help to build up Arctic sea ice again. They want to set up wind-powered pumps on the existing sea ice.(Steven Desch博士
116、和来自美国亚利桑那州立大学的一组科学家认为，他们可以帮助再次建立北极海冰。他们想在现有的海冰上安装风力泵)”可知，Steven Desch博士和其他科学家们想再次建立北极海冰并且想在现有的海冰上安装风力泵。故答案为Dr. Steven Desch and a group of scientists from Arizona State University in the United States think they can help to build up Arctic sea ice again and they want to set up wind-powered pumps on
117、the existing sea ice.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句“Dr. Desch said his team hoped their proposal would get more people interested in looking for a solution to the problem of melting sea ice.(Desch博士说，他的团队希望他们的提议能让更多人对寻找解决海冰融化问题的办法感兴趣)”可知，Desch博士和他的团队希望他们的提议能让更多人对寻找解决海冰融化问题的办法感兴趣，而不是像陈述中所说：Desch博士希望更多的人能够帮助
118、改善这一提议（Dr. Desch hoped more people could help improve it.）。故答案为Some scientists were worried about the project and Dr. Desch hoped more people could help improve it. From the first line of the last paragraph, we know that Dr. Desch said his team hoped their proposal would get more people interested i
119、n looking for a solution to the problem of melting sea ice. So the part of the statement “Dr. Desch hoped more people could help improve it” is false.【43题详解】考查发散思维和解决问题的能力。根据题目要求，本题要求简述你对日常生活中温室气体排放问题的解决方案。需要结合日常生活经验和环保知识，用语法正确的英文句子作答，作答时需条理清晰，注意规定词数，言之成理即可。故参考答案为Firstly, we should save resources, s
120、uch as water, electricity in our daily life. Secondly, we should plant more trees. Whats more, we should choose to ride a bike when we go out, instead of driving a car.第二节(共20 分)44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。升学季将至，你的英国朋友Jim感到学习压力很大。请你给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:1.深表理解; 2.具体建议。注意: 1. 词数: 100 词左右;2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。【答案】Dear
121、Jim,Dont worry too much! Its perfectly normal for candidates like you and me to feel a bit stressed as the examinations get closer. No one of us is having an easy time. But still we can do something to successfully get through the next few weeks.The most important thing I think is to take good care
122、of ourselves: eat and sleep on time to keep healthy, and take exercise regularly to increase energy. Whenever you feel tired or depressed, spare some time to have fun with families and friends.As for school work, I think its essential to find out what needs to be done. Then make a schedule and set t
123、ime for each subject, which will ensure us enough time to review. Anyway, dont push yourself too hard. Just relax! Everything will be fine.Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于建议信，要求考生给即将面临升学的英国朋友Jim写信，提供建议帮助其缓解考前压力。详解】1.词汇积累沮丧：depressed disappointed必要的：essential necessary确保：ensure insure复习：revie
124、w go over2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Dont worry too much! Its perfectly normal for candidates like you and me to feel a bit stressed as the examinations get closer.拓展句：Dont worry too much because its perfectly normal for candidates like you and me to feel a bit stressed as the examinations get closer.【点睛】高分句型1
125、Its perfectly normal for candidates like you and me to feel a bit stressed as the examinations get closer. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句)高分句型2 Whenever you feel tired or depressed, spare some time to have fun with families and friends. (运用了whenever引导时间状语从句)高分句型3 Then make a schedule and set time for each subject, which will ensure us enough time to review. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
