1、金陵中学 2020 级高一年级第一学期阶段性测试英语(满分 100 分，考试时长:100 分钟)第一部分 听力略第二部分 阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)AWant to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA). Whatever stage of life youre at, wherever you go a
2、nd whatever project you do in GDA, youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区).We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of
3、 our programmes. We have such roles as project managers mountain leaders, and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a communitys access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to
4、train young volunteers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people wholl become your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:CountrySchedule
5、4-week programmes7-week programmesAlgeria5 Jul. 1 Aug.20 Jun. 7 Aug.Egypt24 Jul. 20 Aug.19 Jun. 6 Aug.Kenya20 Jul. 16 Aug.18 Jun. 5 Aug.South Africa2 Aug. 29 Aug.15 Jun. 2 Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our project
6、s aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Website:www.glodeve.orgEmail:humanresourcesg
7、lodeve.org1. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?A. To seek local partners.B. To take in young volunteers.C. To carry out programmes.D. To foster cultural awareness.2. The programme beginning in August will operate in _.A. EgyptB. AlgeriaC. KenyaD. South Africa3. The shared goal of
8、 GDAs projects to _.A. explore new culturesB. protect the environmentC. gain corporate benefitD. help communities in need【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D【解析】本文是一则广告。Global Development Association(GDA)致力于积极的改变贫穷和偏远的社区，在这里能探索新的文化，结识新朋友，同时做一些有价值的事。文章为GDA招募志愿者并介绍了今年夏天的具体项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。题干问管理人员的主要职责是什么。根据第三段中Depending
9、on which role you choose, you could help to increase .,or help to project.You might also design.可知，根据岗位不同，管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的志愿者，从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。题干问八月份开始的这个项目将在哪里开展。根据这个表格中4-week programmes中的最后一个South Africa 2 Aug29 Aug，可知八月在南非开始，答案选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。题干问GDA的所有
10、项目的共同目的是什么。根据第一段youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community.和倒数第二段中All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的社区。故选D。BIn the ongoing battle between Tiger Moms, French Mamas, and everyone else who wants to know what is the
11、 best way to raise their kids, a new study adds evidence that the extreme Tiger-style may do more harm than good. Authoritarian parents are more likely to end up with disrespectful children with violent behaviors, the study found, compared to parents who listen to their kids with the goal of gaining
12、 trust.It was the first study to look at how parenting styles affect the way teens view their parents and, in turn, how they behave. The study considered three general styles of parenting. Authoritative parents are demanding and controlling while also being warm and sensitive to their childrens need
13、s. Authoritarian parents, on the contrary, are demanding and controlling without the appearance of caring, attachment and receptiveness. They take a “my way or the highway” approach to their kids. Permissive parents, the third group, have warm and receptive qualities, but they set few boundaries and
14、 carry out few rules.Using data on early 600 kids from an ongoing study of middle school and high school students in New Hampshire, researchers from the University of New Hampshire were able to find “my way or the highway” parenting with more violent behaviors like robbery, drug-taking, and attackin
15、g someone else with the intention of hurting or killing. Firm but loving parenting, on the other hand, led to fewer lawbreakers. Permissive parenting, surprisingly, didnt seem to make much of a difference either.To explain the link between parenting style and behavior in kids, the researchers sugges
16、ted that what matters most is how reasonable kids think their parents power is. This sense comes when kids trust that their parents are making the best decisions for them and believe that they need to do what their parents say even if they dont always like how their parents are treating them. When k
17、ids respect the power of their parents, the researchers reported in the journal of Adolescence, their behavior is better. Previous research has also linked firm but caring parenting with kids who have more self-control and independence.“When children consider their parents to be the reliable figure,
18、 they trust the parents and feel that they have a duty to do what their parents tell them to do,” said lead researcher Pick Trinkner. “This is very important as the parent doesnt have to rely on a system of rewards and punishments to control behavior and the child is more likely to follow the rules
19、when the parent is not physically present.”4. Tiger Moms and French Mamas are mentioned in the first paragraph to _.A. give an example of authoritarian parentingB. show the advantage of parentingC. compare two types of parentingD. introduce the topic5. According to the research, what kind of parenti
20、ng style is likely to cause childrens criminal behaviors?A. Caring parenting.B. Permissive parenting.C. Authoritarian parenting.D. Authoritative parenting.6. Which of the following probably belongs to the action of the permissive parents?A. Allowing the kids to stay up late at weekends as the kids l
21、ike.B. Beating the kids if the kids dont follow their instructions.C. Refusing to listen to the kids requests and demands.D. Setting some rules and checking the kids behaviors.7. According to the passage, children are more likely to obey the rules when _.A. their parents listen to them totallyB. the
22、y believe in and accept their parentsC. their parents are sensitive to their needsD. their parents demand and control their behaviors【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述专制父母和宽容父母在教育孩子上的利与弊。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中In the ongoing battle between Tiger Moms, French Mamas, and everyone else who wants to
23、 know what is the best way to raise their kids, a new study adds evidence that the extreme Tiger-style may do more harm than good.“在“虎妈”、“法国妈妈”和其他想知道什么是最好的养育孩子的方式之间持续不断的斗争中，一项新的研究进一步证明，极端的“虎妈”式教育可能弊大于利。”可知，第一段提到了虎妈和法国妈妈是为了引入本文话题。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Authoritarian parents, on the contrary, are dema
24、nding and controlling without the appearance of caring, attachment and receptiveness. They take a “my way or the highway” approach to their kids.（而专制的父母则相反，他们要求和控制孩子，而不表现出关心、依恋和接受能力。他们对孩子采取“我说了算”的方式。）再根据第三段researchers from the University of New Hampshire were able to find “my way or the highway” par
25、enting with more violent behaviors like robbery, drug-taking, and attacking someone else with the intention of hurting or killing.可知，根据研究，专制型的的父母教养方式会导致孩子的犯罪行为。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Permissive parents, the third group, have warm and receptive qualities, but they set few boundaries and carry out
26、few rules.（第三类是宽容的父母，他们热情随和，但他们很少设限，也很少执行规则。）可知，“允许孩子们在周末晚睡”可能属于宽容父母的行为。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中This sense comes when kids trust that their parents are making the best decisions for them and believe that they need to do what their parents say even if they dont always like how their parents are treati
27、ng them. When kids respect the power of their parents, the researchers reported in the journal of Adolescence, their behavior is better.（当孩子们相信他们的父母正在为他们做最好的决定，相信他们需要做父母所说的，即使他们并不总是喜欢父母对待他们的方式，这种感觉就会产生。研究人员在青少年期刊上报告称，当孩子们尊重父母的权力时，他们的行为会更好。）可知，根据文章，当他们相信和接受他们的父母时，孩子们更有可能遵守规则。故选B项。【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字
28、信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。本题第3小题，根据第二段最后一句Permissive parents, the third group, have warm and receptive q
29、ualities, but they set few boundaries and carry out few rules.“第三类是宽容的父母，他们热情随和，但他们很少设限，也很少执行规则。”由此可知，“允许孩子们在周末晚睡”可能属于宽容父母的行为。故选A项。CA breathtaking trick potentially left over from our ancestors might be found in us - the ability to sense oxygen through our skin.Amphibians, animals such as frogs that
30、 can live both on land and in water, have long been known to be capable of breathing through their skin. In fact, the first known lungless frog that breathes only through its skin was discovered recently in the rivers of Borneo.Now the same oxygen sensors found in frog skins and in the lungs of mamm
31、als (哺乳动物) have unexpectedly been discovered in the skin of mice.“No one had ever looked,” explained Randall Johnson, a biologist researcher.Mice and frogs are quite distant relatives, so the fact they have these molecules(分子) in common in their skin suggests they might well be found in the skin of
32、other mammals, such as humans.“We have no reason to think that they are not in the skin of people too,” Johnson said.These molecules not only detect oxygen, but help increase levels of vital red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body. Normal mice breathing in air that is 10 percent oxygen-a
33、 dangerously low level similar to conditions at the top of Mount Everest, and about half that of air at sea level. However, mice that had the oxygen sensor HIF-1a genetically removed from their skin failed to produce this hormone (荷尔蒙) even after hours of such low oxygen.These findings, if they hold
34、 true in humans, suggest one could raise the level of oxygen circulating inside the body. This could help treat lung diseases and disorders such as anemia (贫血症) without injecting drugs, which make up a multibillion-dollar market, Johnson said.Athletes also often try to get more oxygen delivered to t
35、heir muscles in order to improve their performance. They often do this by training at high altitudes or in low-oxygen tents. The new study suggests they might want to expose their skin as well as breathing in low-oxygen air to improve their performance. “Its hard to say what exactly might be done, h
36、owever-theres a lot we dont know yet,” Johnson explained. The scientists detailed their findings in the April 18 issue of the journal Cell.8. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Johnson believes that Oxygen sensors also exist in human skin.B. People have to surf the
37、 Internet to read detailed findings.C. It has been proved that these findings help treat lung diseases.D. It has long been expected oxygen sensors exist in mices skin.9. One of the functions of the molecules mentioned above is .A carrying oxygen around the bodyB. improving athletes performanceC. det
38、ecting oxygenD. increasing level of oxygen10. What does the underlined word “circulating” in paragraph 8 most probably mean? A. balancingB. growingC. movingD. gathering11. What is Johnsons attitude to the application of the findings to the athletes training?A. NegativeB. DoubtingC. PositiveD. Hesita
39、ting【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. C【解析】本文是说明文。科学家们发现人体皮肤是氧气传感器，皮肤中的分子可以检测到氧气，还能帮助增加红细胞的水平，这样可以将氧气输送到全身各处。这一研究发现可以用于治疗肺部疾病和贫血症等疾病，也可以运用于运动员的训练中。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“We have no reason to think that they are not in the skin of people too, Johnson said.(约翰逊说：“我们没有理由认为它们不在人们的皮肤里)”可知，A选项“约翰逊认为，氧气传感器也存在于人类皮肤中”正确。故选
40、 A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段中“These molecules not only detect oxygen, but help increase levels of vital red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body.(这些分子不仅能检测到氧气，还能帮助增加非常重要的红细胞水平，而这可以将氧气输送到全身各处)”可知，这些分子的其中一个作用是检测到氧气。故选 C。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据倒数第四段中“These molecules not only detect oxygen, but help increase
41、 levels of vital red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body.(这些分子不仅能检测氧气，还能帮助提高至关重要的红细胞的水平，红细胞可以将氧气带到全身各处)”可知画线词所在句意思为：如果这些发现适用于人类，那么就意味着可以提高氧气在体内移动的水平。由此可知，画线词意思为“移动”。A. balancing平衡；B. growing生长；C. moving移动；D. gathering聚集。故选C。【11题详解】.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段These findings, if they hold true in humans
42、, suggest one could raise the level of oxygen circulating inside the body. This could help treat lung diseases and disorders such as anemia(贫血症) without injecting drugs, which make up a multibillion- dollar market, Johnson said.可知如果这些发现适用于人类，那么就意味着可以提高体内循环的氧气水平。Johnson说，这可以帮助治疗肺部疾病和贫血等疾病，而不需要注射药物，这将
43、创造数十亿美元的市场。由此可推知，Johnson对这些发现持积极态度。故选C。DHumans are social animals. They live in groups all over the world. As these groups of people live apart from other groups, over the years and centuries they develop their own habits and ideas, which are different from other cultures. One important particular s
44、ide of every culture is how its people deal with time.Time is not very important in nonindustrial (非工业的) societies. The Nuer people of East Africa, for example, do not even have a word TIME that is in agreement with the abstract thing we call time. The daily lives of the people of such nonindustrial
45、 societies are likely to be patterned around their physical needs and natural events rather than around a time schedule (时间表) based on the clock. They cook and eat when they are hungry and sleep when the sun goes down. They plant crops during the growing seasons and harvest them when the crops are r
46、ipe. They measure time not by a clock or calendar, but by saying that an event takes place before or after some other event. Frequently such a society measures days in terms of “sleeps” or longer periods in terms of “moons”. Some cultures, such as the Eskimos of Greenland measure seasons according t
47、o the migration of certain animals.Some cultures which do not have a written language or keep written records have developed interesting ways of “telling time”. For example, when several Australian aborigines want to plan an event for a future time, one of them places a stone on a cliff or in a tree
48、. Each day the angle of the sun changes slightly. In a few days, the rays of the sun strike the stone in a certain way. When this happens, the people see that the agreed-upon time has arrived and the event can take place.In contrast (成对比), exactly correct measurement of time is very important in mod
49、ern, industrialized societies.This is because industrialized societies require the helpful efforts of many people in order to work. For a factory to work efficiently (well, quickly and without waste), for example, all of the workers must work at the same time. Therefore, they must know what time to
50、start work in the morning and what time they may go home in the afternoon. Passengers must know the exact time that an airplane will arrive or depart. Students and teachers need to know when a class starts and ends. Stores must open on time in order to serve their customers. Complicated (复杂的) societ
51、ies need clocks and calendars. Thus, we can see that if each person worked according to his or her own schedule, a complicated society could hardly work at all.12. By saying “Humans are social animals”, the author means .A. they live all over the worldB. They are all connected in one societyC. they
52、live in their own groups as a wholeD. they are divided into many groups13. Time is not very important in nonindustrial societies because people in those societies .A. dont have the word TIME in their languagesB. dont get used to using clocks and other timepiecesC. dont measure time in their daily-li
53、ves around an exact time scheduleD. dont need to plan their daily lives around an exact time schedule14. The Australian aborigines way of “telling time” is based on .A. the change of the angle of the sunB. the way sunlight was reflectedC. the position of the stoneD. the position of the tree or the c
54、liff15. Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?A. Time and CultureB. The Measurement of TimeC. Time Schedule and Daily LifeD. Clock, Calendar and Society【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文从非工业社会和工业社会的角度，说明了在不同文化中人们如何对待时间，包括衡量时间的方式、原因和意义。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“They live in
55、groups all over the world. As these groups of people live apart from other groups, over the years and centuries they develop their own habits and ideas, which are different from other cultures.”可知，他们成群结队生活在世界各地。由于这些群体与其他群体分开生活，经过多年和几个世纪的发展，他们形成了自己不同于其他文化的习惯和思想，由此判断出，“Humans are social animals”的意思是它们
56、作为一个整体生活在自己的群体中。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The daily lives of the people of such nonindustrial societies are likely to be patterned around their physical needs and natural events rather than around a time schedule (时间表) based on the clock.”可知，这种非工业社会的人们的日常生活很可能是围绕着他们的物质需求和自然事件而形成的，而不是围绕着一个基于时钟的时间表。由此可知
57、，在非工业社会里，时间不是很重要，因为在那些社会里，人们不需要按照一个精确的时间表来计划他们的日常生活。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, when several Australian aborigines want to plan an event for a future time, one of them places a stone on a cliff or in a tree. Each day the angle of the sun changes slightly. In a few days, the rays of the sun
58、strike the stone in a certain way. When this happens, the people see that the agreed-upon time has arrived and the event can take place.”可知，例如，当几个澳大利亚土著人想为将来计划一项活动时，他们中的一个会把一块石头放在悬崖上或树上。每天太阳的角度都有轻微的变化。几天后，阳光以某种方式照射在石头上。当这种情况发生时，人们看到商定的时间已经到来，事件就可以做了。由此可知，澳大利亚原住民的“报时”是以太阳角度的变化为基础的。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根
59、据第一段“One important particular side of every culture is how its people deal with time.” 每一种文化都有一个特别重要的方面，那就是人们如何对待时间。再结合短文从非工业社会和工业社会的角度，说明了在不同文化中人们如何对待时间，包括衡量时间的方式、原因和意义。所以短文的最佳标题为“时间和文化”。故选A项。第三部分 七选五(共 5 题:每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)Is Dieting OK for Kids?You may know some adults and kids who worry about thei
60、r weight and say they are going on a diet. You might wonder if you should be on a diet, too._16_ Why? Lets find out.Dieting to Lose Weight_17_ When someone diets to lose weight, the person is trying to eat fewer calories than the body uses. By doing this, the person may lose body fat and decrease hi
61、s or her weight. Similarly, if a person eats more calories than the body uses, the person may gain weight.Kids usually do not need to diet in this way._18_ During this time, kids need many kinds of healthy foods to keep their bodies growing properly. Some kids are overweight, but even overweight kid
62、s often can improve their health simply by eating nutritious foods and being more active._19_ But kids may hurt their health even more by doing something drastic( 极端的), like skipping meals or deciding to eat only vegetables.Who Needs to Diet?Though some people may feel they weigh too much or too lit
63、tle, there is no perfect body shape. Some people have bigger bones and will always look bigger and heavier than people with smaller bones._20_Your doctor can examine you and check your body mass index (身体质量指数). Thats a way of estimating how much body fat you have. If the doctor is concerned about yo
64、ur weight, he or she can recommend a couple of goals.For some kids, the doctor may recommend losing some weight, but this should be done with the doctors help. Kids who need to lose weight may visit with a dietitian who can explain how to reduce calories safely while still getting all the necessary
65、nutrients.A. It is important to form a good eating habit.B. Being overweight can cause health problems.C. Not eating properly can be very harmful to kids.D. Unlike adults, kids are still growing and developing.E. Talk to your doctor if you have questions about your weight.F. All foods and many drink
66、s contain calories, a kind of energy.G. However, most of kids do not need to and should not diet this way.【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. B 20. E【解析】本文是一篇说明文。一些成年人和孩子担心自己的体重，会通过节食来减肥。文章叙述了孩子们通常不需要节食，小孩节食的后果，什么人需要节食以及担心体重问题可以咨询医生等。【16题详解】根据上文“You may know some adults and kids who worry about their weight a
67、nd say they are going on a diet. You might wonder if you should be on a diet, too.”可知，一些成年人和孩子担心自己的体重，想要节食。再结合下文，叙述了孩子们通常不需要这样节食，小孩节食的后果，什么人需要节食等，推知空白处是转折部分，建议小孩不应该节食。G. However, most of kids do not need to and should not diet this way.“但是大多数孩子不需要也不应该这样节食。”切题。故选G项。【17题详解】下文“When someone diets to los
68、e weight, the person is trying to eat fewer calories than the body uses. 当有人节食减肥时，他试图摄入比身体消耗的更少的卡路里。”与F. All foods and many drinks contain calories, a kind of energy.(所有的食物和饮料都含有卡路里一种能量。)承接自然，前后两句是因果关系。因为所有的食物和饮料都含有卡路里，所以节食时，人试图摄入比身体消耗的更少的卡路里，即涉入更少的食物。故选F项。【18题详解】由上一句“Kids usually do not need to die
69、t in this way.孩子们通常不需要这样节食。”和下一句“During this time, kids need many kinds of healthy foods to keep their bodies growing properly.在这段时间里，孩子们需要多种健康的食物来保持身体的正常生长。”可知，孩子不需要节食，因为孩子与成年人不同，还在长身体，需要多种健康的食物保持身体的正常生长，由此推测设空处应起承上启下的作用。D Unlike adults, kids are still growing and developing. “与成人不同，孩子们仍在成长和发展。”切题。
70、故选D项。【19题详解】由上一句“Some kids are overweight, but even overweight kids often can improve their health simply by eating nutritious foods and being more active.有些孩子体重超标，但即使是超重的孩子，只要吃有营养的食物，多运动，就能改善他们的健康。”和下一句“But kids may hurt their health even more by doing something drastic( 极端的), like skipping meals o
71、r deciding to eat only vegetables.但是孩子们做一些极端的事情，比如不吃饭或者决定只吃蔬菜，可能会对他们的健康造成更大的伤害。”可知，设空处应起承上启下的作用，B. Being overweight can cause health problems. “超重会引起健康问题”切题。超重会引起健康问题，但如果孩子通过极端的方式减肥，会对健康更有危害。故选B项。【20题详解】分析段落结构可知，设空出为小标题。由下文的“Your doctor can examine you and check your body mass index (身体质量指数). Thats
72、a way of estimating how much body fat you have. If the doctor is concerned about your weight, he or she can recommend a couple of goals.你的医生可以检查你的体重指数。这是一种估计你身体脂肪含量的方法。如果医生担心你的体重，他或她可以推荐几个目标。”可知，本段讲述如果你对自己的体重有疑问，可以向医生咨询你的体重。E. Talk to your doctor if you have questions about your weight.“如果你对你的体重有疑问，
73、请咨询你的医生。”符合文意。故选E项。第四部分 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分)I took my 10-year-old daughter to the Hollywood sign last week.On clear days,we can see it from our house,and weve always talked about hiking there.Weve gotten better at these sorts of _21_ . I have become more patient.She _22_ scares any more.And
74、 though she is brave by nature, it still _23_ practice.So,every few weeks,we plan an outing,and we _24_ourselves for bravery. We have _25_the Grand Canyon,canoed(独木舟)whitewater rapids,and snorkeled(潜水)with sharks.Playing video games together with your_26_at home would be easier and safer but your ch
75、ildren_27_need to get close to nature and learn to manage outside challenges.After our climbing my daughter _28_pictures to her friends.A few were wide-eyed at the _29_of the cliff(悬尾)and asked, “Arent you afraid of being injured?She said,No.Adventures are worth the mishaps(不幸事故). Its clearly a(n)_3
76、0_ phrase,and I am not sure if she entirely understards what it means. But I am _31_that her brain is starting to work that way.She is beginning to understand the _32_these adventures can bring her._33_ our weekend activities are mostly about the physical,they really do much good to the change of my
77、 daughters characters.To overcome the challenges shell _34_,my daughter needs courage and perseverance(毅力) and other good characters.I want to_35_ adventures to make her well prepared for both physical and mental challenges.Though I am proud when she climbs a high rock or surfs a big wave,_36_ compa
78、res to how I feel when she draws on bravery_37_the adventure.As a child she also gets much fun from these.Sure,_38_ bad things might happen,but the adventures are worth doing.I think that for my kid,she should learn the _39_between risks and adventures-avoid risks and seek adventures.Going through a
79、dventures she will become _40_to the challenging life in the future.21. A. arrivalsB. performancesC. adventuresD. advantages22. A. seldomB. oftenC. usuallyD. always23. A. takesB. likesC. catchesD. carries24. A. tolerateB. exciteC. testD. value25. A. replacedB. discoveredC. hikedD. approached26. A. c
80、lassmatesB. kidsC. partnersD. friends27. A. perfectlyB. mainlyC. reallyD. exactly28. A. gaveB. showedC. lentD. sent29. A. signB. sloganC. markD. sight30. A. embarrassingB. puzzledC. borrowedD. surprising31. A. afraidB. confidentC. happyD. curious32. A. rewardsB. chancesC. effortsD. goals33. A. OnceB
81、. SinceC. AlthoughD. Unless34. A. presentB. beatC. faceD. ignore35. A. adjustB. useC. turnD. arrange36. A. nothingB. somethingC. anythingD. everything37. A. aboutB. withC. throughD. from38. A. honoredB. unexpectedC. delightedD. imagined39. A. importanceB. differenceC. distanceD. balance40. A. accust
82、omedB. availableC. obviousD. necessary【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. B 40. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述我和我的女儿经常去冒险，我们都在这些经历中变得更好。我变得更有耐心。她变得更勇敢，性格也更好。通过冒险经历，她可以做好迎接身体和精神上的挑战的准备，习惯未来充满挑战的生活。【21题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我们在这类冒险中变得更好。A
83、. arrivals到达；B. performances表演；C. adventures冒险；D. advantages优势。由上一句“weve always talked about hiking there.”中的hiking意为徒步旅行，这是一种冒险。故选C项。【22题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：她很少再感到害怕了。A. seldom很少；B. often经常；C. usually通常；D. always总是。由上文“Weve gotten better.”可知我们在冒险中变得更好，此句提到女儿在冒险中的变化，“很少感到害怕”符合女儿的积极变化，因此此空填seldom符合上下文语境。故选A
84、项。【23题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：虽然她生性勇敢，但仍需要练习。A. takes拿；B. likes喜欢；C. catches抓住；D. carries携带。由上文“.though she is brave by nature.”可知虽然她生性勇敢，though引导让步状语从句，可推测出后半句想表达的意思为“但还是需要练习”，take practice意为进行练习，故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：所以，每隔几周，我们就计划一次郊游，并测试自己的勇气。A. tolerate容许；B. excite使兴奋；C. test测试；D. value珍视。由下一句中的“We have _5
85、_the Grand Canyon, canoed whitewater rapids, and snorkeled with sharks.（我们曾去大峡谷徒步旅行过，曾泛舟激流，也曾和鲨鱼一起潜水。）”可知这些都是些冒险经历，冒险是为了测试自己的勇气，故选C项。25题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我们曾去大峡谷徒步旅行过，曾泛舟激流，也曾和鲨鱼一起潜水。A. replaced代替；B. discovered发现；C. hiked远足；D. approached接近。由下文的并列动词“canoed（划独木舟）”和“snorkeled（浮潜）”可知此句介绍了一些冒险经历，hiked the Gra
86、nd Canyon意为“去大峡谷徒步旅行”符合上下文语境。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：在家和孩子们一起玩电子游戏更容易、更安全，但孩子们确实需要亲近大自然，学会应对外界的挑战。A. classmates 同学；B. kids孩子；C. partners伙伴；D. friends朋友。由此句的后半句中的“your children”可知本句提到的对象是孩子们，故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：在家和孩子们一起玩电子游戏更容易、更安全，但孩子们确实需要亲近大自然，学会应对外界的挑战。A. perfectly完美地；B. mainly主要地；C. really确实地；D.
87、exactly确切地。分析句子结构可知，此处副词用于修饰动词need，应使用强调副词really表示“确实”，故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我们爬山后，我女儿给她的朋友们看了照片。A. gave给；B. showed展示；C. lent借给；D. sent发送。show sth. to sb.意为向某人展示某物，根据上下文语境可知此处是女儿给朋友们看自己去爬山的照片，故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：有几个人一看到悬崖后就惊讶地问：“你不怕受伤吗？”A. sign标志；B. slogan标语；C. mark标志；D. sight视线。由“.the cliff and a
88、sked”可知是朋友中有几个人一看到悬崖就惊讶地问问题，at the sight of sth. 意为“一看见就”，符合语境，故选D项。【30题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：这显然是借用的别人的话，我不确定她是否完全明白这句话的意思。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. borrowed借来的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。a borrowed phrase意为“借用的话”，由下文“and I am not sure if she entirely understands what it means.”可知我不确定孩子懂不懂这句话的真正含义，可按逻辑
89、推理出这句话不是孩子自己的话，而是借用的别人的话。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：但我很高兴她是这样想的。A. afraid害怕的；B. confident自信的；C. happy高兴的；D. curious好奇的。由下文“She is beginning to understand the _12_these adventures can bring her.”可知我知道孩子开始明白了冒险能给她带来很多东西，由文章的感情色彩可判断出，我是支持孩子在冒险中成长的，因此我看到孩子也认同冒险时，我应该是感到很开心的。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：她开始明白这些冒险活动能
90、给她带来的回报。A. rewards回报；B. chances机会；C. efforts努力；D. goals目标。由上文孩子说的“Adventures are worth the mishaps.”，可推理出孩子认为冒险活动是值得去做的，因为冒险会给她带来回报。故选A项。【33题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：虽然我们周末的活动主要是身体锻炼，但对我女儿性格的改变确实有很大的帮助。A. Once一旦；B. Since自从；C. Although尽管；D. Unless除非。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入连接词连接主句和从句，“我们周末的活动主要是身体锻炼”和“对我女儿性格的改变确实有很大的帮助”之
91、间是让步关系，故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：为了克服她将要面对的挑战，我女儿需要勇气和毅力以及其他优秀的品质。A. present呈现；B. beat跳动；C. face面对；D. ignore忽视。分析句子结构可知“shell _14_”作the challenges的定语，face challenge意为面对挑战，符合上下文语境，故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我想通过冒险让她为身体和精神上的挑战做好充分的准备。A. adjust调整；B. use使用；C. turn转动；D. arrange排列。由句中的“to make her well prepared fo
92、r both physical and mental challenges.（让她为身体和精神上的挑战做好准备。）”可知是“利用冒险达到这样的目的”，缺少动词“利用”，故选B项。【36题详解】考查代词辨析。句意：虽然当她爬上高高的岩石或冲浪时我感到骄傲，但没有什么能比得上她从冒险中汲取勇气时的感受。A. nothing没有什么；B. something某些事物；C. anything任何事物；D. everything所有事物。根据前半句“Though I am proud when she climbs a high rock or surfs a big wave,（虽然当她爬上高高的岩石
93、或冲浪时我感到骄傲）”可知后半句表示转折，且分析后半句缺少主语，填“没有什么”，符合文章的感情色彩，故选A项。【37题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：虽然当她爬上高高的岩石或冲浪时我感到骄傲，但没有什么能比得上她从冒险中汲取勇气时的感受。A. about关于；B. with和；C. through通过；D. from从。由空前的“bravery”和空后的“the adventure”，可知此句是从冒险中汲取勇气，draws on sth. from sth.意为“从某事中汲取什么”，故选D项。【38题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：当然，意外的坏事可能会发生，但冒险是值得做的。A. honored尊敬的
94、；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. delighted高兴的；D. imagined想象。由空后的“bad things might happen”可知此处应选择合适的形容词修饰bad things，用“意想不到的”最为恰当，故选B项。【39题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我认为我的孩子应该学会危险和冒险的区别，危险要避免，冒险要探求。A. importance重要性；B. difference差异；C. distance距离；D. balance平衡。由此句中的“avoid risks and seek adventures（危险要避免，冒险要探求）”可知这是risk和adventur
95、e之间的区别，故选B项。【40题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：在经历冒险之后，她将习惯于未来充满挑战的生活。A. accustomed习惯的；B. available可用的；C. obvious明显的；D. necessary必要的。become accustomed to意为“习惯于”，此句的主语是she，宾语是the challenging life（充满挑战的生活），根据上下文及作者意图可知选择become accustomed to（变得习惯于）最为恰当，故选A项。【点睛】联系上下文，找突破口。完形填空每小题的正确答案的根据都是充分的，并且一定可以在短文中找到具体的突破口。这里所说的根据
96、也叫做信息点。如第17小题，draws on sth. from sth.意为“从某事中汲取什么”，由空前的“bravery（勇气）”和空后的“the adventure（冒险）”，可知此句是从冒险中汲取勇气，此句中的信息点有“draws on”，“bravery”，“the adventure”。第五部分 语法填空(共 10 小题:每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Without proper_41_(plan), tourism can lead to many problems. For example, too many
97、 tourists can crowd public places_42_are also enjoyed by the inhabitants(居民) of a country. If tourism creates too much traffic, the inhabitants will become_43_(annoy) and unhappy. They will begin to dislike tourists_44_treat them_45_(polite). As a result, they forget how much tourism can help the co
98、untrys economy and start harboring negative feelings towards the industry. _46_ is important to think about the people of a destination country and_47_tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attracts tourists. Tourism should also advance the wealth and _4
99、8_ (happy) of local inhabitants.Too much tourism can be _49_problem. If tourism grows_50_quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the countrys economy can suffer.【答案】41. planning 42. which/that 43. annoyed 44. and 45. impolitely 46. It 47.
100、 how 48. happiness 49. a 50. too【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如果没有合适的计划，旅游业会带来各种问题，并从正反两方面介绍了了适当规划旅游业的好处。【41题详解】考查动名词。句意：没有适当的计划，旅游业会导致许多问题。分析句子可知，此处使用动词plan的动名词形式作介词without的宾语，表示“没有适当地做计划”。故填planning。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：例如，太多的游客会拥挤在公共场所，而这个国家的居民也喜欢这种公共场所。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，关系词指代先行词places，在从句中作主语，故填which/that。【43题详解
101、】考查形容词。句意：如果旅游业带来了太多的交通问题，居民将变得烦躁不安。分析句子可知，become后接接形容词作表语，修饰人用ed结尾的形容词。故填annoyed。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：他们将开始不喜欢游客而且不礼貌地对待他们。分析句子可知，此处存在两个动词dislike和treat的并列关系，因此使用并列连词and连接两个动词。故填and。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：他们将开始不喜欢游客而且不礼貌地对待他们。分析句子可知，and前动词为dislike，根据并列关系可知，后面的成分也应为消极表述，因此使用polite的反义形式impolite，且修饰动词treat，使用副词形式。故填
102、impolitely。【46题详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：重要的是要考虑目的国的人民以及旅游业如何影响他们。分析句子可知，句中存在主语不定式后置形式，因此使用代词it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，故填It。【47题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：重要的是要考虑目的地国家的居民以及旅游业如何影响他们。分析句子可知，此处是think about的宾语从句，根据翻译可知，表述为旅游业如何影响这些人，因此使用关系词how引导宾语从句，作方式状语。故填how。【48题详解】考查名词。句意：旅游业还应促进当地居民的财富和幸福。分析句子可知，and前后连接两个名词作动词advance 的宾语，因此此处
103、使用happy的名词形式。故填happiness。【49题详解】考查冠词。句意：太多的旅游业可能是个问题。problem是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，此处泛指“一个问题”，使故填a。【50题详解】考查副词。句意：如果旅游业发展过快，人们必须离开其他工作岗位从事旅游业。分析句子可知，quickly是状语修饰谓语动词grows，因此使用副词性成分修饰副词quickly，通过翻译语境可知，这里意在表明旅游业发展的程度，因此使用程度副词too表示过犹不及之意。故填too。【点睛】第六部分 词汇填空(共 20 小题:每小题 0.5 分，满分 10 分)第一节 基础词汇(共 10 小题:每小题 0.5
104、分，满分 5 分)51. These problems are not u_(独特的) to developing countries.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】unique【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些问题并非发展中国家所独有。根据汉语提示“独特”以及上文are，可知应填形容词unique，作表语。故填unique。52. You need to spare no effort to a_(获取) knowledge in senior high school.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】acquire【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：在高中你需要不遗余力地获取知识。根据汉语
105、提示“获取”可知应填动词acquire，且上文为短语spare no effort to do sth.，故应填动词原形。故填acquire。53. What c_(使担忧) me most is our lack of preparations for the challenge (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】concerns【解析】【详解】考查动词和主谓一致。句意：最让我担忧的是我们对挑战缺乏准备。根据汉语提示“使担忧”可知应填动词，作谓语concern，根据后文is可知应用一般现在时，主语为What，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填concerns。54. What does the C
106、hinese c _(汉字) mean? (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】character【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这个汉字是什么意思？分析句子可知，character是名词意为“汉字”，在句中作主语，切合句意；根据does可知此处应用单数名词作主语，故填character。【点睛】55. He decided to make his own c_ ( 贡 献 ) to society as soon as he graduated from college. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】contributions【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：大学毕业后，他决定为
107、社会做出自己的贡献。分析句子可知，contribution是可数名词意为“贡献”，在句中作make的宾语，根据语境翻译可知，表示个人的贡献使用复数形式。故填contributions。【点睛】56. After some heated a_(争论), a decision was finally taken. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】argument【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：经过一番激烈的争论，终于做出了决定。根据句意和首字母提示，空格处是arguement一词，形容词修饰名词，在句中作介词after的宾语。故填arguement。【点睛】57. All the empl
108、oyees have s_to (坚持) the schedule during the past several weeks. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】stuck【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几个星期里，所有的员工都遵守了时间表。根据汉语提示“坚持”可知短语为stick to；且根据后文during the past several weeks可知应用现在完成时，上文已有助动词have，应填过去分词。故填stuck。58. When making decisions, we should think i_ (独立地) instead of relying on othe
109、rs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】independently【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：在做决定时，我们应该独立思考，而不是依赖他人。根据汉语提示“独立地”可知应填副词independently，修饰动词think，作状语。故填independently。59. “Ive opened an a_(账户) at the bank downtown,” Mama said. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】account【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：“我在市区的银行开了个账户，”妈妈说。根据汉语提示“账户”以及上文an，可知应填单数名词account，作宾语。故填account。60
110、. Justice Ruth Bader Ginsberg, a leading f_(人物) in US Supreme Court, passed away recently. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】figure【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：美国最高法院的领军人物Ruth Bader Ginsberg大法官近日去世。根据汉语提示“人物”，以及上文a leading可知应填单数名词figure。故填figure。第七部分 应用文写作 (共 1 题；每题 15 分，满分 15 分)61. 假定你是李华，为走进自然，了解文化，增强体质，你校将在暑假期间组织到泰山进行研学旅行(educ
111、ational excursion)。请给你校国际班的Peter 写封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：1. 活动目的；2. 具体安排(例如时间、地点等信息)。注意：1. 词数 80 左右；2. 增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Peter，Our school is planning an educational excursion to Mount Tai from August 6 to August 10 during this summer vacation._We are eagerly expecting your coming.Yours,Li
112、Hua.【答案】Dear Peter,Our school is planning an educational excursion to Mount Tai from August 6 to August 10 during this summer vacation. I cant wait to invite you to take part in it.As we know, we students are spending most of our time on the campus. As a result, we are almost cut off from the outsid
113、e world. Hopefully, the excursion will provide us a good chance to get closer to nature, which will definitely contribute to our physical and mental health. Whats more, the excursion will surely broaden our horizons by experiencing the local cultures.I believe the excursion will be both exciting and
114、 rewarding. And were eagerly expecting your coming.Yours,Li Hua.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，为走进自然，了解文化，增强体质，你校将在暑假期间组织到泰山进行研学旅行(educational excursion)。请给你校国际班的Peter 写封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：1. 活动目的；2. 具体安排(例如时间、地点等信息)。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：educational excursion (研学旅行)；cant wait to do sth.(
115、迫不及待做某事)；invite sb. to do sth.(邀请某人做某事)；take part in(参加)；on the campus(校园内)；as a result(结果)；cut off from(与隔绝)；get closer to nature(亲近大自然)；contribute to(有助于)；broaden horizons(开阔眼界)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般将来时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Hopefully, the excursion will provide us a good chance to get closer to nature, which will definitely contribute to our physical and mental health.运用非限制性定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
