1、乌兰察布分校2020-2021学年第一学期学科素养评估二高二年级英语试题注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。2. 将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分：阅读理解（本大题共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ADiscover Britain through literatureLiterature gives you the safety of travelling within the comfo
2、rts of your own home. I would like to take you on a journey through Great Britain. Through these novels you will be able to transport yourself and discover the beauty and the culture of Great Britain.Pride and Prejudice by Jane AustenJane Austens romantic novel centres around the Bennet family durin
3、g the 19th century and the importance of marriage and social expectations. The style of the novel is using exaggerated (夸张的) characters to make fun of the society.Setting: Longbourn (a fictional town) in HertfordshireThe Harry Potter Series by J K. RowlingIts highly unlikely that youve managed to av
4、oid hearing of Harry Potter, even if you are a muggle (不会魔法的人). It is a fantastic series of novels which makes you believe in magic and that anything is possible.Setting: HogwartsOliver Twist by Charles DickensThe novel follows Olivers life as an orphan in London and the characters he meets while li
5、ving on the streets.Setting: LondonHow Green Was My Valley by Richard LlewellynIn the novel, Llewellyn writes about a Welsh family and their life among a mining community. It gives readers a really good representation of the struggles faced by those living in this sort of community.Setting: South Wa
6、les1. Which deals with the main characters childhood ?A. Pride and PrejudiceB. The Harry Potter SeriesC. Oliver TwistD. How Green Was My valley2. What can we know about How Green Was My valley ?A. It introduces the history of a mining community.B. It helps readers learn how to face difficulties.C. I
7、t encourages readers to explore the beauty of nature.D. It presents a mining familys life.3. Who makes readers interested in magic according to the text?A. Jane Austen.B. J. K. Rowling.C. Charles Dickens.D. Richard Llewellyn.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要向作者介绍了几部有名的英文小说，通过小说来探索英国社会和发现英国文化之美。【1题详
8、解】细节理解题。根据Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens部分的“The novel follows Olivers life as an orphan in London and the characters he meets while living on the streets.”可知，这部小说讲述了奥利弗在伦敦的孤儿生活以及他在街上生活时遇到的人。即Oliver Twist讲述的是主人公的童年时代。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据How Green Was My Valley by Richard Llewellyn部分的“In the novel, Ll
9、ewellyn writes about a Welsh family and their life among a mining community.”(在小说里，卢埃林描写了一个威尔士家庭和他们在一个采矿社区的生活)可知，How Green Was My Valley讲述了一个矿工家庭的生活。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据The Harry Potter Series by J K. Rowling部分的“It is a fantastic series of novels which makes you believe in magic and that anything is
10、possible.”(这是一部神奇的系列小说，它让你相信魔法，相信一切皆有可能)可知，J K. Rowling让读者对魔法感兴趣。故选B项。B“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Similarly, if we drink a little more water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often. A healthy diet is made up of water and a great many different kinds of f
11、oods. We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fiber, without giving us too much fat and sugar. But why is water important?The human body needs water to survive. Water is important as it carries poisons and waste out of our bodies.
12、 However, doctors advise us to drink plenty of water, much more than the small amount we need to stay alive.Some doctors believe that water is important for our health in all kinds of ways. They believe that a great many illnesses and health problems start as a result of dehydration (脱水)-a lack of w
13、ater in the body. Most people are dehydrated at least some of time, although they probably dont know it. It is surprising to learn that if we feel thirsty, we are already in the first stage of dehydration. In fact, we are advised to drink water before we feel thirsty.These doctors think that health
14、problems such as headaches high blood pressure and asthma (哮喘) could be helped if people drink more water. They also believe that drinking more water can help people who are overweight. Water contains no calories so it will not make us put on weight. If we drink water, we will probably drink less su
15、gary soft drinks such as Coca-cola. Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. Doctors suggest, therefore, that we eat less food and drink more water. There are still many health
16、 problems that cannot be solved by drinking water, so we should not stop going to seeing the doctor completely. However, if we make a decision to drink water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often.4. From the text, we know water can carry_.A. energy and fiber in our
17、 bodiesB. fruit, vegetables and fish in our bodiesC. sugar and fat out of our bodiesD. poisons and waste out of our bodies5. Some doctors think that_.A. some health problems are caused by a lack of waterB. water is not important for our healthC. we should go to the doctor less oftenD. people eat too
18、 much sugar6. Lack of water caused people to put on weight too much because_.A. they think they are thirsty and eat lessB. they think they are hungry and eat too muchC. water has no caloriesD. it makes them thirsty7. Which of the following isnt mentioned in the passage?A. The amount of water a perso
19、n should drink in a day.B. Some healthy problems start because of a lack of water.C. Drinking more water may stop people from overeating.D. Fruitprovidesuswithenergyandfibre.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. A【解析】本文属于说明文，文章主要讲述了水与人体健康的关系，告诉我们要每天多饮水，让身体处于健康状态。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Water is important as it carries poi
20、sons and waste out of our bodies.可知，水很重要，因为可以把毒素和废弃物排出体外，故D选项正确。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段They believe that a great many illnesses and health problems start as a result of dehydration (脱水)-a lack of water in the body.可知，医生认为很多疾病和健康问题都是由于脱水导致的，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句In fact, we are advised to drink water be
21、fore we feel thirsty. 可以推断缺水时会让我们长胖，因为缺水时就去喝水和暴吃，其实在感觉口渴之前就应该去喝水。故B选项正确。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可以知道，全文并未提及一个人一天可以喝多少水，故A选项符合题意。CResearchers continue to show the power behind our sense of smell Recent studies have found, among other things, that the smell of foods like pizza can cause uncontrollable anger i
22、n drivers on roadsThe review explains that smell is unique in its effects on the brain According to Conrad King, the researcher who carried out the review, more than any other senses, the sense of smell goes through the logical part of the brain and acts on the systems concerned with feelings. This
23、is why the smell of baking bread can destroy the best intentions of a dieterSmell,which dictates（决定） the unbelievable complexity of food tastes, has always been the least understood of our senses. Our noses are able to detect up to 10，000 distinct smells Our ability to smell and taste this extremely
24、 large range of smells is controlled by something like 1,000 genes, which make up an amazing 3% of the human genome Researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck were together awarded a Nobel Prize in 2004 for their ground-breaking research on the nature of this extraordinary sense These two scientists we
25、re the first to describe the family of 1，000 olfactory （嗅觉） genes and to explain how our olfactory system worksAccording to one study in the research review， smelling fresh pizza or even the packaging of fast foods can be enough to make drivers feel impatient with other road users They are then more
26、 likely to speed and experience uncontrollable anger on roads The most reasonable explanation is that these can all make drivers feel hungry， and therefore desperate to satisfy their appetitesIn contrast， the smells of peppermint and cinnamon were shown to improve concentration levels as well as red
27、uce drivers impatience Similarly， the smells of lemon and coffee appeared to promote clear thinking and mental focusHowever， the way genes regulate smell differs from person to person A study by researchers in Israel has identified at least 50 olfactory genes which are switched on in some people and
28、 not in others They believe this may explain why some of us love some smells and tastes while others hate them The Israel researchers say their study shows that nearly every human being shows a different pattern of active and inactive smell-detecting receptors8. What did Richard Axel and Linda Buck
29、find out？ _A. The type of food smellsB. The logical part of human brainC. The nature of human olfactory systemD. The relationship between food and feelings9. Which of the following can help people concentrate？ _A. BreadB. Fast foodC. PizzaD. Coffee10. What do we know from the last paragraph？ _A. Dif
30、ferent people are sensitive to different smellsB. Every person has a different pattern of genesC. Some people can recognize up to 50 smellsD. There are still some olfactory genes to be found out11. What is the passage mainly about？ _A. Logic and behaviorB. Smell and its influenceC. Sense ability and
31、 food tastesD. Olfactory genes and its system【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B【解析】这是一篇科普类阅读。文章主要介绍了人类的嗅觉基因和嗅觉系统，科学家们通过研究嗅觉基因和嗅觉系统是如何工作的，发现了嗅觉对我们的生活影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段These two scientists were the first to describe the family of 1,000 olfactory (嗅觉) genes and to explain how our olfactory system works.（这两
32、位科学家首次描述了1000个嗅觉基因家族，并解释了我们的嗅觉系统是如何工作的。）由此可知Richard Axel和 Linda Buck这两位科学家发现了人类嗅觉系统的本质，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第五段Similarly, the smells of lemon and coffee appeared to promote clear thinking and mental focus.可知喝咖啡有助于提高思考和注意力，故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段The Israel researchers say their study shows that ne
33、arly every human being shows a different pattern of active and inactive smell-detecting receptors.（以色列研究人员表示，他们的研究表明，几乎每个人的嗅觉感受器的活跃和不活跃模式都不一样。）由此可知不同的人对不同的气味敏感，故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。第一段Recent studies have found, among other things, that the smell of foods like pizza can cause uncontrollable anger in driv
34、ers on roads.（最近的研究发现，比萨等食物的味道会让道路上的司机产生无法控制的愤怒）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要介绍了气味及其影响，故选B。DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas
35、 of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get t
36、hem to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we u
37、se every day,explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Stranos team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth
38、 of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatmen
39、t that would last the plants lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and offswitchwhere the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the
40、distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Emp
41、loyees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.13. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?A. To detect plants lack of waterB. To change compositions of plantsC. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.14. What can we expect
42、of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Can we grow more glowing
43、 plants?B. How do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物。文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中A study conduct
44、ed in Youngstown, Ohio, for example ,discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.可知例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。由此可知，第一
45、段的主旨是关于绿色植物的益处。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中These include plants that have sensors printed on their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.可知这就包括叶子上印有传感器来显示植物缺水的情况的植物，还有一种植物可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质。由此可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺水的情况。故选A。【14题详解】细节理
46、解题。根据最后一段中Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.可知发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。由此可知，这种发光的植物在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Lighting accounts for about 7%of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source-such as
47、the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.可知照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯的距离，在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。结合文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程
48、师开发了一种发光植物，文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。由此可知，C选项“发光的植物能取代路灯吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Love Year ParentsEven if you think that your parents are mean-spirited (小心眼的) at times, loving your parents is a normal and fulfi
49、lling part of life. You love them for the fact that they created you, raised you, and are in part, a source of who you are._16_.Tell them you love them every morning. A gentle “good morning” and “I love you” will warm a coldest heart. Remember that they brought you into this world. Without your pare
50、nts, we might still wander at an unknown corner in an unknown world.Respect them more and cherish these moments. You can use these moments to learn from them, preparing yourself for when youre off on your own. Its OK to get angry but angry actions dont help you or your parents. Act calmly, cool off,
51、 write down your feelings, or talk to a friend._17_.Obey their requests. It will make your attitude better and earn you more respect from them. It may seem as if you are going through hell when you dont get what you want or you have to clean. However, you had better remember they keep a roof over yo
52、ur head when its cold, raining, snowing, or too hot. Understand that parents are human beings and make mistakes._18_Since you can forgive your friends, why not forgive your parents?Keep company with them. Do things with your parents like watching TV, or go somewhere with them._19_Listen to their old
53、 stories and learn from them. You will find they are your teachers in this way or another.Some people simply may not be able to love their parents._20_Seek help if you are being abused in anyway. Parents do not have a right to harm you.A. Please remember parents are as important as friends.B. Parent
54、s will in turn express their love to you.C. Forgiveness is the key.D. Here are some ways to love your parents.E. There can be realistic reasons for this, family violence for example.F. Anyway, spend as much time with them as you can.G. After this, share your feelings with your parents.【答案】16. D 17.
55、G 18. C 19. F 20. E【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些爱父母的方法：1.每天向父母问好；2.服从父母的要求；3.陪伴他们；4.如果受到虐待，就应该寻求帮助。【16题详解】本空是一个段落过渡句。起承上启下的作用。根据下文内容：都是介绍爱父母的方法。所以本句引出下文，D. Here are some ways to love your parents.(这里是一些爱父母的方法)符合语境。故选D。【17题详解】空前一句的意思是：不要生气，要冷静，可以在日记本上记下你的感受或者和朋友说说。G. After this, share your feelings with your
56、parents.(然后，把你的感受和父母分享)符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】空前一句的意思是：父母是我们的天，给我们挡风遮雨，父母也是人，也会犯错误。空后一句的意思是：能原谅朋友，为什么不能原谅父母的错误呢？C. Forgiveness is the key. (谅解是关键)符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】空前一句的意思是：和父母一起做一些事，如看电视，或者去某地；空后一句的意思是：听听他们的经历，你会想到很多。F. Anyway, spend as much time with them as you can.(无论怎样，要尽可能地花些时间和他们在一起)符合语境。故选F。【20题详解】空前
57、一句的意思是：有些人可能不能爱父母是因为某些原因。空后一句的意思是：父母没有权利伤害你。如果你被虐待，就应该寻求帮助。E. There can be realistic reasons for this, family violence for example.(可能有一些实际原因，比如家庭暴力)符合语境。故选E。第二部分：英语知识运用（本大题共两节，满分45分）第一节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。We are changed, sometimes in unexpected ways
58、, by the problems of life.One day, William Osler, a beloved doctor, was _21_ in one of Britains military hospitals during the World War. He was called out of the wards during his daily _22_to be given an important message. His own son had been killed on the_23_of France.Shocked by the news, he still
59、 came back to _24_ his rounds. For a long time afterward he was _25_ different. And those who knew him best said that he _26_ as a doctor that day. The _27_ note was gone from his voice and never again did friends hear the tune which he so often _28_ as he went from ward to ward.Though these things
60、never _29_, something eventually came to take their _30_. Everyone noticed a new sympathy in his care of the soldiers who each day _31_ in from the battlefield. Before, he had the professional _32_of the doctor, so important to the practice of medicine. Now there was an added obvious note of a _33_
61、sympathy, like that of a father for his son.Like most people who have _34_such losses, Osler must have spent a lot of time in great _35_. But as he healed and mixed the loss into his life, it left him a _36_ person.Pain will do that. It changes us, often in unexpected ways. It can leave us angry and
62、 _37_, or, as in the case of Osler, it can bring forth _38_ such as sympathy or tenderness. The world is full of suffering. We cant avoid it no matter how hard we try. But the _39_ of life is one of our greatest blessings. It teaches us that the world is also full of the _40_ of suffering.21. A. wor
63、kingB. restingC. studyingD. marching22. A. breakB. activitiesC. roundsD. stay23. A. tourB. fieldC. mountainD. river24. A. pay forB. throw awayC. pick upD. figure out25. A. noticeablyB. perfectlyC. eventuallyD. strangely26. A. changedB. balancedC. failedD. continued27. A. respectfulB. cheerfulC. help
64、fulD. thoughtful28. A. wroteB. heardC. dancedD. whistled29. A. brokeB. leftC. returnedD. spread30. A. adviceB. choiceC. timeD. place31. A. arrivedB. streamedC. droppedD. jumped32. A. interestB. humorC. energyD. concern33. A. personalB. mentalC. typicalD. regular34 A. handledB. experiencedC. causedD.
65、 prevented35. A. angerB. joyC. sorrowD. regret36. A. boringB. famousC. positiveD. different37. A. ruinedB. amazedC. brokenD. relaxed38. A. preferencesB. determinationsC. sensesD. qualities39. A. struggleB. attemptC. comfortD. excuse40. A. selectingB. overcomingC. knowingD. avoiding【答案】21. A 22. C 23
66、. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了在一战期间，受人爱戴的 William Osler医生听到儿子阵亡的消息后，将自己的痛苦转化为工作的动力，战胜了痛苦。说明了生活的挣扎是我们最大的幸福之一，但世界上也充满了战胜苦难的过程。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，备受爱戴的医生William Osler，在第一次世界大战期间，正在一家英国军事医院中工作。A. working工作；B.
67、resting休息；C. studying学习；D. marching前进，行军。由句中的“a beloved doctor”和“hospital”可知，此处表示医生正在医院中工作。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他日常查房的时候，他被叫出病房，听到了一个重要的信息。A. break间断，休息；B. activities活动；C. rounds巡视；D. stay逗留。由下文“rounds.”可知，此处表示医生在日常查房的时候被叫出去了。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他儿子在法国战场上阵亡了。A. tour旅游，旅行；B. field领域，战场；C. mount
68、ain山，山脉；D. river河流。由句中的“during the World War”可知此处指法国战场。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他被这个消息震惊了，但还是回来继续查房。A. pay for赔偿，为而付钱；B. throw away扔掉，丢弃；C. pick up捡起，（汽车；飞机）乘载；D. figure out解决，算出。由上文的“He was called out of the wards during his daily (2) ”可知，此处表示继续刚才的工作。故选C。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此后很长一段时间里，他明显不同了。A. noticea
69、bly显著地，引人注目地；B. perfectly完美地；C. eventually最后，终于；D. strangely奇怪地。由下文的“The 7 note was gone from his voice and never again did friends hear the tune which he so often 8 as he went from ward to ward.”可知，此后很长一段时间里，他明显不同了。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些最了解他的人说，他在那一天成为了一名“医生”。A. changed改变；B. balanced用天平称，保持稳定，使.
70、相称；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。由句中的“as a doctor”可知，此处表示改变的意思。他在那一天成为了一名“医生”。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他那欢快的音调从他的声音中消失了，朋友们也再也听不到他在病房间经常吹的那个曲调了。A. respectful恭敬的，有礼貌的；B. cheerful快乐的，愉快的；C. helpful有帮助的，有益的；D. thoughtful深思的，体贴的。根据“he was 5 different.”可知，医生曾经吹的欢快的口哨声消失了。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wrote写；B.
71、 heard听见；C. danced跳舞；D. whistled吹口哨。由句中的“from his voice”可知，朋友们也再也听不到他在病房间经常吹的那个曲调了。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这些东西再也没有回来过，但有东西最终取代了它们的位置。A. broke破坏；B. left离开；C. returned返回；D. spread传播。由上文的“never again did friends hear the tune”可知，此处表示曾经欢快的的口哨声再也没回来过。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. advice建议；B. choice选择；C.
72、time时间；D. place地点。由下文的“Everyone noticed a new sympathy in his care of the soldiers”可知，此处表示取代，替代。有东西最终取代了它们的位置。take ones place取代某人的位置，代替，固定短语。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都注意到他对每天从战场上涌来的士兵们的关怀有了一种新的同情。A. arrived到达；B. streamed流，涌进；C. dropped下降，掉下；D. jumped跳。由句中的”from the battlefield”可知，此处表示每天从战场上涌来的士兵们，用
73、stream in蜂拥而入，固定短语。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：以前，他有医生的专业关怀，这点对医学实践很重要。A. interest兴趣；B. humor幽默；C. energy能量，精力；D. concern担心，关心。由上文的“Everyone noticed a new sympathy in his care of the soldiers who each day (11) in from the battlefield.”可知，以前William Osler医生有医生的专业关怀，现在是对受伤战士的同情。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：还有一种明
74、显的个人同情，就像父亲对儿子的同情一样。A. personal个人的；B. mental精神的；C. typical典型的；D. regular定期的，有规律的。由句中的“like that of a father for his son”可知，这是一种个人的情感。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像大多数经历过这种损失的人一样，奥斯勒一定在很大的悲痛中度过了很多时间。A. handled处理；B. experienced体验；C. caused导致；D. prevented阻止。由句中的“such losses”可知，像大多数经历过这种损失的人一样。奥斯勒一定在很大的悲痛中度过了
75、很多时间。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. anger愤怒；B. joy高兴；C. sorrow悲伤；D. regret后悔。由下文的“But as he healed and mixed the loss into his life.”可知，此处表示斯勒一定在很大的悲痛中度过了很多时间。故选C。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当他治愈了伤痛，并将伤痛融入生活时，他就变成了另一个人。A. boring无聊的；B. famous著名的；C. positive积极的；D. different不同的。由下文的“It changes us, often in unexp
76、ected ways.”可知，痛苦改变了William Osler医生，使他变成了另一个人。故选D。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它可以让我们愤怒和心碎，或者，就像奥斯勒的例子一样，它可以带来一些品质，比如同情心和柔情。A. ruined毁灭的，荒废的；B. amazed大为惊奇的，惊讶的；C. broken破碎的，坏掉的；D. relaxed放松的，自在的。句中and之前是angry，其后并列的应该与angry同义，选项中broken适合。故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. preferences偏好；B. determinations决心；C. senses感
77、觉，官能；D. qualities品质。由句中的“such as sympathy or tenderness”可知，这是一种品质。故选D。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但生活中的挣扎是我们最大的幸福之一。A. struggle斗争，挣扎；B. attempt企图，试图；C. comfort安慰，舒适；D. excuse借口，理由。由上文的 “The world is full of suffering. ”可知，生活中充满了挣扎。故选A。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它告诉我们，世界上也充满了战胜苦难的过程。 A. selecting选择，挑选；B. overcoming克服
78、；C. knowing知道；D. avoiding避免。由上文的“The world is full of suffering. We cant avoid it no matter how hard we try. ”可知，生活中充满了苦难，但是也会有战胜苦难的过程。故选B。第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Science experiments can help you to understand the reason behind anything and everything. As we grow
79、 up, we get to know many things which we would be _41_ (astonish) to see as kids. _42_ (make) a kid understand the difference between magic and reality, you need to show him the science behind it. You will not face any difficulty in doing so as they are always eager to know about it. It is a basic h
80、uman ability to remember things which he _43_(watch)and does by himself. Hence(因此)practical exercises are very important for children in their daily life.Few things you should keep in mind while _44_(select) the experiments for kids. The _45_(much) important thing is to take a simple concept. If the
81、 concept is too difficult, _46_will be difficult for children to finish that experiment. So you should select simple experiments which are right for their age. The other thing is that you need to choose _47_ experiments which are not poisonous and with easy_48_(equip)and that can be handled_49_(easy
82、)by your kids. Childs safety should be your priority(优先考虑的事情). I am going to give you some science experiments _50_ will help you to make these small kids understand simple facts with complete safety in my next article.【答案】41. astonished 42. To make 43. watches 44. selecting 45. most 46. it 47. the
83、48. equipment 49. easily 50. that【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学实验是让孩子了解科学的主要途径。为此，作者给出了一些在挑选实验的时候应该注意的一些事项。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：随着我们的成长，我们会了解很多我们小时候看到会惊奇的事情。根据上文be可知应填形容词作表语，且修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词astonished，表示“感到惊奇的”。故填astonished。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让孩子明白魔术和现实的区别，你需要向他展示背后的科学。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中作目的状语应用不定式。句首单词首字
84、母要大写。故填To make。【43题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是一种人类的基本能力，记住他自己看和做的事情。根据后文“and does”可知此处为一般现在时，主语为he，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填watches。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在为孩子选择实验时，你应该记住几件事。分析句子结构可知select在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语you构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填selecting。【45题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：最重要的是要有一个简单的概念。根据上文定冠词“The”以及句意“最重要的”可知应填形容词最高级，the most important最重
85、要的。故填most。【46题详解】考查形式主语。句意：如果概念太难，孩子们就很难完成实验。此处为句型“it be+adj.+ for sb. to do sth.”，it在句中作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填it。47题详解】考查冠词。句意：另一件事是，你需要选择无毒的，使用简单的设备且你的孩子可以轻松操作的实验。名词experiments后面有定语从句修饰，故本空填定冠词，表示特指。故填the。【48题详解】考查名词。句意：另一件事是，你需要选择无毒的，使用简单的设备且你的孩子可以轻松操作的实验。此处作介词with的宾语应用名词equipment，且equipment不可数。故填equip
86、ment。【49题详解】考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词 handled应用副词easily，作状语。故填easily。【50题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在下一篇文章中，我将给你一些科学实验，帮助你让这些小孩完全安全地理解简单的事实。此处为定语从句，先行词science experiments（指物）由some 修饰，关系词用that，在从句中作主语，故填that。第三部分：写作（本大题共两节，满分35分）第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分；满分10分）51. 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出
87、该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。In December 2012, my father told my sister and me that he couldnt afford buy us any clothes that year, not even our traditional treats of apples, oranges, and candy. Heard what my father said, my sister and I
88、 both felt a little sadly. However, we quite understood himself. My mother had been had an illness the year before and was frequently going to the hospital, so there were no money for New Year. On New Years Eve, we heard a knock on the door. Two lady came in and gave us new coats, along with some ho
89、liday treats. They say that our neighbor across the street had told their charity about our situation, but the charity wanted to help. I will never forgot their kindness.【答案】1.在buy的前面加to2.Heard Hearing3.sadly sad4. himselfhim5. 将been去掉6.werewas7. lady ladies8. saysaid9.butand/so10.forgotforget【解析】【分
90、析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家因为母亲治病没钱过年，在新年前夕收到慈善机构帮助的故事。【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2012年12月，父亲告诉我和姐姐，那一年他没钱给我们买衣服，甚至连传统的苹果、桔子和糖果都买不起。afford to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“负担得起做某事”。故在buy的前面加to。2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：听了爸爸的话，我姐姐和我都感到有点难过。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语felt，没有连词，所以，这里用非谓语，逻辑主语是my sister and I，和hear之间是主动关系，所以，要用现在分词做状语，句首字母要大写，故将Heard改为Hearing
91、。3. 考查形容词。句意：听了爸爸的话，我姐姐和我都感到有点难过。分析句子可知，felt为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语，故将sadly改为sad。4. 考查代词。句意：然而，我们很理解他。分析句子结构可知，本句的主语是we，而宾语应该是父亲，所以，主语和宾语不是同一个人，宾语不能用反身代词。故将himself改为him。5. 考查语态。句意：我妈妈前年生了一场病，经常去医院，所以没有钱过年。分析句子可知，母亲和生病是主动关系，而had been had是被动语态，所以，been是多余的，故将been去掉。6. 考查主谓一致。句意：我妈妈前年生了一场病，经常去医院，所以没有钱过年。there b
92、e结构的be和靠近它的名词保持一致，而money是不可数名词，所以，谓语动词要用单数，且上下文都是一般过去时，所以，这里也要用一般过去时，故将were改为was。7. 考查名词。句意：两位女士走进来，给了我们一些新外套，还有一些节日大餐。lady是可数名词，根据two可知，这里要使用复数，故将lady改为ladies。8. 考查时态。句意：他们说我们街对面的邻居已经把我们的情况告诉了他们的慈善机构，并且/因此慈善机构想要帮助我们。根据上文动词came、gave和下文动词wanted可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，故将say改为said。9. 考查连词。句意：他们说我们街对面的邻居
93、已经把我们的情况告诉了他们的慈善机构，并且/因此慈善机构想要帮助我们。分析句子可知，逗号前后的句子构成顺承或者因果关系，所以，要用and或者so来连接，故将but改为and/so。10. 考查动词时态。句意：我永远不会忘记他们的善意。根据一般将来时结构是will do，可知这里要用动词原形，故将forgot改为forget。第二节：书面表达（满分25分）52. 请你以你校学生会的名义写一则关于成立英语阅读俱乐部（English book club）的英语通知，内容包括：1.阅读在生活中重要性；2.成立英语阅读俱乐部的目的；3.欢迎报名参加及提供建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细
94、节，以使行文连贯；3.通知的标题和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。The Student UnionNOTICE_June 10, 2020【答案】The Student UnionNOTICEReading is very important in todays world, as we gain vast knowledge of how the world works mainly through varieties of reading materials, so developing reading ability is something that must be done to m
95、eet various challenges in life. To encourage the students to become great English readers, the Student Union will set up an English book club that aims to create an environment where they can spend time reading together, have book discussions, share good books and attend lectures on reading.Those wh
96、o are interested in the book club please sign up in the Student Union office by June 20, and any creative suggestions and ideas are welcome.June 10, 2020【解析】【分析】本篇表达属于应用文，要求考生写出成立英语俱乐部通知，强调阅读的重要性，欢迎同学参加。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。要求：1.阅读在生活中的重要性；2.成立英语阅读俱乐部的目的；3.欢迎报名参加及提供建议。第二步:列提纲 （重点词
97、组）vast knowledge; varieties of; various challenges; set up; be interested in 第三步：连词成句1. as we gain vast knowledge of how the world works mainly through varieties of reading materials,2. so developing reading ability is something that must be done to meet various challenges in life. 3. the Student Un
98、ion will set up an English book club that aims to create an environment where they can spend time reading together, have book discussions, share good books and attend lectures on reading.4. Those who are interested in the book club please sign up in the Student Union office by June 20, 根据提示及关键词（组）进行
99、遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In sp
100、ite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：so developing reading ability is something that must b
101、e done to meet various challenges in life.这句话运用了定语从句，先行词是something，不定代词做主语，连接词用that。To encourage the students to become great English readers, the Student Union will set up an English book club that aims to create an environment where they can spend time reading together, have book discussions, share good books and attend lectures on reading.运用了非谓语动词to do做目的，后半句用了定语从句，先行词是environment，先行词在从句中做地点状语，连接词用where。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
