1、冬学竞赛英语第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B. 9.15.C. 9.18.答案是B。1. What will the man do first? A. Learn more about prices. B. Find a supplier. C. Do reports.2. When
2、will the meeting be held? A. At 11:30. B. At 12:00. C. At 1:00.3. Why is the woman leaving work early? A. To take care of her mother. B. To post a package. C. To pick up a car.4. What are the speakers talking about in general?A. A trip. B. Food. C. The weather.5. What relation is the man to the woma
3、n? A. Her customer. B. Her co-worker. C. Her boss.第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What will the woman do on Saturday afternoon? A. Do her homework. B. Enjoy a con
4、cert. C. Watch a game. 7. Where will the woman go on Sunday? A. To a park. B. To a hospital. C. To the mans house.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What is the womans opinion about the computer screen? A. Big. B. Nice. C. Stylish. 9. What brings the man a bit of trouble? A. The screen. B. The keyboard. C. The
5、mouse.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What is the purpose of the call? A. To accept a position. B. To advertise a job opening. C. To check on a job application. 11. For what day is the mans appointment scheduled? A. Tuesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday. 12. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Call her
6、later. B. Meet with Victoria Smith. C. Wait at the front desk.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Which city does the man book a shuttle bus for? A. London. B. Milton. C. Toronto. 14. What is the woman doing? A. Taking the mans information. B. Offering the flight timetable. C. Conducting an interview. 15. W
7、hen will the man probably leave for Milton? A. At 11:30. B. At 12:00. C. At 12:30. 16. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Book his return ticket in advance. B. Collect his luggage first. C. Have some coffee.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Why did Fagin come to the speaker? A. To rent her hous
8、e. B. To buy her house. C. To decorate her house. 18. Why was the speaker hesitant about Fagins offer? A. She disliked him. B. The money was not much. C. Theyd damage some of her belongings. 19. How long did it take to prepare the house for the film? A. Four days. B. A month. C. Two months. 20. What
9、 did the speaker do when the crew left? A. She watched a film. B. She visited her relatives. C. She repainted the living room.第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABeing stuck at home doesnt mean that learning stops. In fact, its just the opposite. Here are som
10、e activities and resources to foster kids imagination and build their curiosity at home.Lets Get Down to the ScienceThe science lab at school may be closed, but you can still put on goggles and a white lab coat and learn at home. This Test Tube Experiment Kit will make you feel like a genius in no t
11、ime. Kids will get the chance to learn about basic chemistry, physics, and more by creating pop-resistant bubbles, bouncy balls, and other objects.To Infinity(无穷)and BeyondEarth is a part of the Milky Way galaxy, but did you know there are around 100 million galaxies in the universe? There are so ma
12、ny fun and fascinating things to learn about space that the possibilities truly go to infinity and beyond. A great way start your childs educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book.Take a Walk on the Wild SideBiology class is in session! Heres your chance to get up c
13、lose and personal with a great white shark without putting on a wetsuit. This 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit allows you to get an inside look at what makes these predators of the deep so powerful. And then take an even deeper dive into a sharks world with I Am Shark .Take advantage of this time at
14、 home and find new ways to keep exploring the world around you.21What is common among these activities above?AThey are all performed outdoors.BThey are all associated with physics.CThey are all carried out by the way of experimenting.DThey all recommend some resources for kids to study.22Which book
15、favors children interested in stars?AThis Test Tube Experiment Kit. BReal Life Slicker and Activity Book.C4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit. DI Am Shark .23The shared goal of the activities is to .Again financial benefitsBsave kids from boredomCexplore new technologiesDinspire kids to study at homeBC
16、ompassion and love are concepts that are often thought to be felt by humans only. As the most intelligent creatures to ever walk the earth, we tend to assume that we are the only ones who can feel emotions. We forget that the speechless beings who live here with usanimalsalso have the same capabilit
17、y.During a cold night in Ontario, Canada, a passer-by spotted something on the side of the road that made her stop -a shaking dog curled up in the snow.When she approached the pup, she discovered that she wasnt aloneshe was cuddling five orphaned black kittens to keep them warm.The dog surely could
18、have found a safer place to stay for the night, but she chose instead to help not just herself but other stray animals as well.The Good Samaritan called Pet and Wildlife Rescue and an animal control officer picked them up. When they got to the shelter, it was apparent that a close bond had already b
19、een formed between the dog and the orphaned kittens. The staff decided to name the kind dog Serenity in honor of her selfless act.Its truly heartwarming! a shelter spokesperson told The Dodo. It had been a very cold night so these kittens would have had a very hard time surviving.Aside from requirin
20、g treatment for worm and flea infections, the orphaned kittens are now safe. Just like a proud and doting mother, Serenity insisted on checking on her babies regularly to oversee their progress.The good news is that the kittens are now living with a foster family who will care for them until they ar
21、e old enough to be adopted. Serenity, on the other hand, is still looking for a family.According to the shelter, she loves zooming around in the yard and is big on playing. She is also quite jumpy, so she would do best in a home without small children.24What did the passer-by see on the road?AA dog
22、curled up in the snow.BFive kittens were in the snow alone.CA dog was warming five kittens in the snow.DA dog found a safe place to stay for the night.25What does the underlined word she in paragraph 3 refer to?AThe passer-by. BThe dog.CThe kitten. DThe spokesperson.26Where is the dog Serenity now?A
23、Living in the shelter. BBeing adopted by a family.CStaying with the kittens. DPlaying with some children.27What can we draw from the story?AAnimals and humans should live in harmony.BA sad end can be turned into a positive one.CAnimals have the same capability with humans.DAnimals can feel compassio
24、n and love like humans.CFor those who can stomach it working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been kn
25、own about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the mens f
26、itness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workou
27、ts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional sample
28、s of the mens blood and fat tissue.Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks o
29、n an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. Multiple
30、genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more ac
31、tive when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.28. The underlined expression stomach it in Paragraph 1 most probably means _.A. digest the mea
32、l easilyB. manage without breakfastC. decide wisely what to eatD. eat whatever is offered29. Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment?A. Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.B. Their lack of exercise led to overweight.C They could walk at an average speed.D. They had slow metabol
33、ic rates.30. What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise?A. They successfully lost weight.B. They consumed a bit more calories.C. They burned more fat on average.D. They displayed higher insulin levels.31. What could be learned from the research?A. A workout after breakfast improves gen
34、e performances.B. Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.C. Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.D. Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.D Hollywoods theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem rela
35、tes to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics(控制论), put it this way: If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical age
36、ncy with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire. A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own e
37、xistence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have
38、a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the rea
39、l world as the chessboard. The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real
40、 world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines. Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which
41、to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teamsyet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others s
42、ay we can just switch them off as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, Anyone who expects a source of power in the
43、transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine. However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.32. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may .A. run out of human control B. satisfy humans real desiresC. command a
44、rmies of killer robots D. work faster than a mathematician33. Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to .A. prevent themselves from being destroyedB. achieve their original goals independentlyC. do anything successfully with given ordersD.
45、 beat humans in international chess matches34. According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to .A. help super intelligent machines work better B. be secure against evil human beingsC. keep machines from being harmed D. avoid robots affecting the world35. What does the author think of the safe
46、ty problem of super intelligent machines?A. It will disappear with the development of AI. B. It will get worse with human interference.C. It will be solved but with difficulty. D. It will stay for a decade. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Babies Look ChangingResearchers s
47、how that the early social behavior called look changing is linked to babies ability to learn new language sounds. 36 It is when a baby makes eye contact and then looks at the same object that the other person is looking at.Rechel Brooks, one of the researchers, made a report, showing that babies loo
48、k changing serves as a building block(基础)for more complicated language and social skills. 37 .In this experiment, nine 5-month-old babies from English-speaking families attended foreign language tutoring sessions. Over four weeks, the tutors talked and played with toys while speaking Spanish.At the
49、beginning and end of the four-week period, researchers counted how often the babies changed their look. 38 . There they tested how much Spanish language sounds. 39 . The more look changing the babies participate in during their tutoring sessions, the greater their brain response were to the Spanish
50、language sounds.Our findings show young babies social engagement contributes to their own language learning theyre not just passive listeners of language, Brooks said. Theyre paying attention and showing parents theyre ready to learn when theyre looking back and forth. 40 .The researchers hope their
51、 findings help people develop strategies for teaching young children.AThats when the most learning happensBThese skills are what preschool children can gainCThe results were really amazingDWe cant imagine how look changing helps them learn so muchE.However, others may regard look changing as somethi
52、ng uselessF.Look changing is one of the earliest social skills that babies showG.After the experiment ended, the researchers brought the babies back to the lab第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Christmas was near a season that we took seriously in
53、our house. But a week or so before the 25th, my father would give each of his children20. This was the 1970s, and20 was quite a bit of moneyBut I saw it 41 My father trusted me to have the 42 to spend money wisely. Even better, he gave me the 43 to get it. On a very basic level ，my father was giving
54、 me a shopping spree(狂欢)every year. But he was also giving me charge over my own fun, trusting my ability to manage money and making me feel like a/an 44 . He didnt buy me Sherlock Holmes, but he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself, so it felt like a gift from himMy
55、 mother had a/an 45 for giving me what I needed, usually right at the moment I needed it most. This was when I was 25, I 46 at being an adult on my very first try. I had quitted my 47 job but had no new one. But when my mother paid me a visit, I 48 a good show, telling her I had started my own compa
56、nyMy mother knew that I was trying hard and failing at that time. It wasnt until 49 she left that I noticed at the foot of my bed an envelope thick with 50 She knew how 51 I needed itShe knew that had she just shown up with groceries，or offer to pay my rent, she would have made me feel much 52 The c
57、old，hard cash meant she was helping me. And, funnily enough, the 53 with which she gave the gift felt like she was giving me space to 54 my life and preserve my dignityMy mother and father both did the same thing. One was giving me the means to take my own decisions，and the other was giving me a sec
58、ond 55 when those decisions had cost me dearly41Apositively Bdifferently Cnaturally Doriginally42Aintelligence Bpassion Cpower Dpotential43Acourage Bsuggestions Cdiscipline Dmeans44Agrown-up Bteenager CAdventurer Dpioneer45Ahabit Bgift Capproach Dtradition46Afailed Bfooled Cdropped Dfell47Aimportant
59、 Bcreative CchallengingDprevious48Aput on Bput away Cput off Dput forward49Abefore Bafter Cwhen Das50Acredit Bloans Creceipts Dcash51Adesperately Bhardly Ceventually Daccurately52Abetter Bmore Cless Dworse53Adecoration Blove Cdistance Dmethod54Adefend Bequip Cfix Ddevelop55Asolution Bchance Cvisit D
60、assistance第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5 分, 满分15 分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese(肥胖的), according to research. A mother, 56 has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesnt smoke and only 57 (drink) wine in modera
61、tion, is significantly less likely 58 (have)a fat child, scientists say.And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育) 59 nature, as a mothers lifestyle appears 60 (direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity 61
62、 (reduce)even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine 62 fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of a child 63
63、(be) obese.The mothers health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical 64 (active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having 65 obese child.第四
64、部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)1假定你是红星中学高(1)班的学生李华， 你的英国笔友Chris刚刚转学到新学校， 感到切都很陌生，他在邮件中向你询问如何尽快融入新环境。请你根据以下信息回信：1、多跟同学交流沟通：2、积极参加学校活动：3、向老师寻求帮助。注意: 1、词数80左右; 2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。I went up to the roof for a break after studying for an hour and watch
65、ed the 50 or so people swimming in the natural rock pool below our house. It was a sunny day-a blue, cloudless sky over a calm sea. But then, as I looked in the distance, I discovered three or four big waves heading towards the shore. Id seen these mini-tsunamis(海啸) many times before. They were head
66、ing at speed in the direction of the pool. Most people knew how to look out for them, but from the screams that started coming from the beach, I could tell someone was in trouble.Without thinking, I ran down into the street, holding my body board(俯伏冲浪板) on the way and shouted at a stranger to go ins
67、ide my house and call the coastguard. My neighbor Moises had heard the screaming as well and was also outside with his body board, so together we rushed to the steps that led down to the sea.Once we got closer, we discovered the waves had pulled a boy and a girl from the pool and into the open sea.
68、I knew that the nearest boat would take at least 30 minutes to reach us. Waiting for help wasnt a choice. I wasnt used to this sort of emergency-Id never been trained as a lifeguard-but I didnt think twice about trying to save them. I supposed in a way I wanted to impress everyone: at 19, a deal lik
69、e that can seem like a good opportunity to show off.Moises and I dived into the water and it took us 10 minutes to get to them. When we finally reached them, they were almost lifeless with only their heads coming in and out of the water. We could tell they were still alive from their small breaths b
70、ut it was clear they wouldnt have been able to stay there much longer. I held the boy and pulled him over my board. Moises moved the girl onto his board. We discussed pushing them back to the shore, but we were too far out.注意：1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好；Paragraph 1: We had to wait._ Par
71、agraph 2:That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. _ 冬学竞赛参考答案1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C21D 22B 23D24C 25B 26A 27D28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D32 A 33 A 34 D 35 C 36F 37B 38G 39C 40A
72、41B 42A 43D 44A 45B 46A 47D 48A 49B 50D51A 52D 53C 54C 55B56who 57drinks 58to have 59than 60directly61is reduced 62to 63being 64activity 65an应用文写作：Dear Chris, I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school. Such problems are quite normal. Perhaps the following suggestio
73、ns may be helpful.First, I think you may need to communicate with your classmates as much as possible. In this way, you will get to know each other better. Second, it might be a good idea for you to take part in more activities, which usually involve teamwork and interactions with other students and
74、 are therefore good for developing friendly relationships. Lastly, faced with some tough problems, you might consider asking your teachers, who can usually offer you some sensible suggestions.I sincerely hope my advice will be of help to you. If there is anything more I can do to help, please let me
75、 know. Yours ， Li Hua读后续写参考答案We had to wait. We eagerly hoping for the arrival of the saving boat. The wild wind blew and the freezing sea water clapped our bodies continuously. 30 minutes seemed much longer as we just helplessly floated on the boundless sea. After a long time, a light spot appeared
76、 in the distance! We waved our hands and yelled out for help. The boat finally reached us and took all of us back to the shore. The two children were immediately sent to the nearest hospital.That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. Picturing what the merry
77、scene would be, relief lay in my heart and happiness etched on my face. The next morning, all the people I met smiled to me and could not stop praising me. It seemed like a good opportunity to show myself off, but I didnt mean to. In fact, I was ashamed I had thought about it. It occurred to me that helping others was priceless and everyone should be a lifeguard.
