1、Unit 22Environmental Protection写得准用得活积得多1.trap vt. 使困住2.principle n. 原则，道德准则3.beyond prep. 超出4.relevant adj. 有关的5.coincidence n. 巧合6.condemn vt. 迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地；宣判7.sacrifice vt.& vi. 牺牲；献出8.advocate vt. 主张，提倡9.recycle vt. 回收利用10.substitute n. 代替品，代用品11.seize vt. 依法没收；(用武力)夺取12.means n. 方式，方法；手段13.pot
2、ential n. 可能性，潜在性14.adopt vt.采用；收养adoption n收养；采用15.reservation n预订；保留；保护；疑惑reserve n保护区 vt.保留；预订reserved adj.预订的，保留的16.agriculture n农业agricultural adj.农业的17.threaten vt.威胁threat n威胁18.changeable adj.多变的change n& v变化19.separation n分离，分开separate v分离，分开 adj.分开的20.construct vt.建造construction n建造21.fina
3、nce n资金financial adj.财政的；金融的22.allocate vt.分配，配给allocation n分配，配给23.politics n政治(活动)political adj.政治的politician n政治家24.sharpen vt.削尖sharp adj.锋利的sharpener n卷笔刀25.considerate adj.想得周到的，体贴的consideration n考虑；思考consider vt.思考，考虑；认为considering prep.考虑到；鉴于26.calculate vt.计算，算出calculation n计算calculator n计算
4、器用所给词的适当形式填空1.Dont try to threaten (threat) me. I wont compromise with you.2.The number of people employed in agriculture (agricultural) has fallen in the last decade.3.Some members of the committee expressed reservations (reserve) about the proposal.4.Henry was forced to leave his motherland for po
5、litical (politics) reasons.5.The schools must adopt (adoption) new methods of teaching foreign languages.6. The world is changeable,_and everything is changing.(change)7.Considering his young age, it is quite considerate of him to consider other people before making decisions.(consider)8.After a lon
6、g separation,_they both lived a separate life and in the end they separated peacefully.(separate)9.A new bridge is being constructed over the river and its construction will be finished next year.(construct)10.It is not safe to let the child sharpen his pencil using the sharp sharpener.(sharp)11.If
7、necessary, students are allowed to calculate the volume (容积) of the container using a calculator,_which will make the calculation simpler.(calculate)12.A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library. The allocation is of great importance to our school librarys construction.(allo
8、cate)1. 各大“产业”名词个个清agriculture农业industry 工业business 商业forestry 林业fishing 渔业planting industry 种植业2. ant结尾形容词一览relevant 有关的fragrant 芳香的important 重要的vacant 空虚的instant 立即的constant 频繁的pleasant 令人愉快的tolerant 宽容的3. “环境”相关词全扫描species n. 物种reserve n. 保护区atmosphere n. 大气层conservation n. 保护resource n. 资源recycl
9、e v. 回收利用habitat n. 栖息地ecology n. 生态4. 聚焦sub开头单词substitute n. 代替品subconscious adj. 下意识的subheading n. 小标题subjective adj. 主观的submit v. 提交；呈递subscribe v. 定期订购5. “相似词”小结dessert n甜点desert v舍弃tissue n组织issue n问题，发行affect vt.影响effect n影响principle n原则principal n校长borrow v借sorrow n悲痛wander v漫步wonder v想知道fell
10、ow n家伙follow v跟随pillow n枕头willow n垂柳写得准用得活积得多1.a_number_of 一些2.beyond_ones_control 超出的控制，不 受的控制3.in_turn 依次；反过来4.lead_to 引起，导致5.ahead_of 在前面6.apart_from 除以外7.answer_for (对已产生的不良后 果)负责任8.call_for_an_end_to_sth. 要求结束9.on_somebodys_behalf 代表10.carry_off 掠去，夺走11.all_in_all 总的来说12.earn_ones_living 谋生13.a
11、s_a_matter_of_fact 实际上14.break_away_from 摆脱；脱离(团体、组 织、某种思想体系)15.look_ahead 展望未来，向前看16.take_action 采取行动选用左栏短语填空1.A_number_of students were absent from the meeting for various reasons.2.Apart_from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.3.I thought wed be late for the concert, but we en
12、ded up getting there ahead_of time.4.The young man made a promise to his parents that he would try to earn_his_living after graduation.5.Your attitude affects others which in_turn affects you.6.If you go on doing this, we wont answer_for the consequences. 7.I was encouraged to break_away_from old fo
13、rms and rules.8.Look_ahead in the distance, and you can see the lights of the village.1. 说说“引起，导致”短语bring aboutlead toresult in/fromcontribute to2. “负责”短语全接触answer forbe responsible forbe responsible toin (the) charge of3. “许多，大量”词汇小聚修饰不可数名词：much, a great deal of, a good amount of, large amounts of修
14、饰可数名词：a number of, a few, many a既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词：lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, large quantities of 背原句记句式会仿用1.Without these naturally occurring gases, the suns rays would bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on.如果没有这些自然产生的气体，太阳光将会被反射回太空中去，使地球处于寒冷之中，不适合生命的
15、存在。含蓄条件句的虚拟。没有你的帮助，我是不可能通过考试的。Without your help, I wouldnt_have_passed the test.2.Given this data, it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅只是巧合而已。given用作介词或连词，表示“鉴于；考虑到；倘若”。考虑到目前的条件，我认为叶诗文已做得相当出色。Given
16、_the_present_conditions,_I think Ye Shiwen has done rather well.3.The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。拟人修辞手法。过去30年见证了中国的快速发展。The_last_30_years_have_witnessed/seen the rapid development of C
17、hina.1trap vt.使困住；诱捕；诱骗；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套；捕捉器教材原句Because of the greenhouse effect, the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.因为温室效应，困在大气层中的气体使得地球气温上升。(1)trap sb.into (doing) sth.使某人陷入(做)某事 的圈套；使中计be/get trapped in 被困在中(2)fall into the trap of doing sth. 落入做某事的圈套set/lay a trap for . 为设圈套Dont
18、fall_into_the_trap_of investing all your money in one place.不要把你所有的钱都投资到一个地方。Were you just going to trap_her_into making some admissions?你刚才想诱使她供认吗？联想发散表示“被困于中”的短语还有：be/get locked inbe/get caught inbe/get stuck in be/get blocked in2reserve vt.储备；保存；保留；预订，预约n.保护区；储备高考佳句I can not get the book I want b
19、ut can I reserve it? (2015重庆高考满分作文)我找不到我要的书，但我能预约吗？(1)a nature reserve自然保护区in reserve 贮存；备用(2)reserve sth.for sb./sth. 为某人/某物保留、预订某物(3)reservation n. 保留；预订(房间、座位等)make a reservation 预订(座位、房间等)It is advisable to keep some food in_reserve in case of emergency.储备一些食物以应急需是明智的。I would be very thankful if
20、 you could reserve_a_ticket_for_me for the train bound for Wuhan tomorrow morning.若你能为我预订一张明天早上开往武汉的火车票，将不胜感激。Margaret made a reservation (reserve) at/in her favorite hotel in Singapore.玛格丽特预订了她在新加坡最喜欢的饭店。3advocate vt.主张，提倡n.提倡者，拥护者经典例句The report advocated that all buildings be fitted with smoke det
21、ectors.(牛津P31)报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。(1)advocate (doing) sth.提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事advocate that . 主张从句谓语动词用 (should)动词原形(2)be an advocate of/for 的提倡者/拥护者We advocated that everyone in our school (should)_donate_some_money_to the earthquakestricken area.我们提倡在学校里的每个人都为地震灾区捐些钱。Many experts advocate rewarding_ (rew
22、ard) your child for good behaviour.很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。She has always been an advocate of/for changes to English spelling, to make it easier to learn. 她一贯主张对英语的拼写进行改革，使之更易于学习。4substitute vt.&vi.(用)替代；取代n.代替品，代用品经典例句The course teaches you the theory but theres no substitute for practical experience.(牛
23、津P2016)这门课教的是理论，但没有任何东西能代替实践经验。(1)a substitute for .的替代者(2)substitute A for Bsubstitute B with/by A 用A代替/取代Bsubstitute for 代替，取代She is seeking a_substitute_for the very man whose departure made her cry.那个男人的离去令她伤心痛哭，她正想找一个人填补内心的空缺。We substitute the red balls for the blue ones, to see if the baby wou
24、ld notice.我们用红色球代替蓝色球，看是否能够引起宝宝的注意。At least three years of relevant experience may substitute_for the formal qualifications listed above.至少三年以上的相关经验可以代替上方所示正规资格。写作联想例句其他表达方式We substitute the blue balls with/by the red ones, to see if the baby would notice.We replace the blue balls with/by the red on
25、es, to see if the baby would notice.We exchange the red balls for the blue ones, to see if the baby would notice.5threaten vt.威胁，恐吓教材原句They threatened to close our credit lines if we dont reduce the amount of carbon dioxide we produce.如果我们不降低二氧化碳的排放量，他们威胁说将取消我们的信用额度。(1)threaten sb.with .用威胁某人threate
26、n to do sth. 威胁要做某事threaten that . 威胁(2)threat n. 威胁，恐吓a threat to sb./sth. 对某人或某事的威胁He tied her up and threatened_her_with a sixinch knife.他把她捆起来，拿着一把六英寸长的刀子威胁她。China is a peaceloving country, and we have never been a_threat_to the world.中国是一个爱好和平的国家，我们从来不会成为世界的威胁。Those kidnappers threatened to_kil
27、l (kill) their son if they couldnt get enough money.绑架者威胁说，如果得不到足够的钱就会杀掉他们的儿子。6means n方式，方法；手段高考佳句In addition, we have more choices by means of wild release.(2015重庆高考写作)此外，通过自由分享的方式我们有更多选择。means of (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法、途径by means of 借助的手段by all means 可以，当然行；尽一切办法，务必by no means 决不，一点也不(置于句首，句子 倒装)by
28、this means 用这种方法By no means is_it_clear what the president can do to end the strike.总统能做什么来结束罢工，这点完全不清楚。Only by_this_means is it possible to persuade him out of smoking.只有用这种方法才能说服他不抽烟。As is known to us all, Su Bingtian succeeded by_means_of hard training.众所周知，苏炳添依靠刻苦训练而获得成功。名师指津means“方法，方式；手段”，其单复数
29、同形。7adopt vt.采用，采纳；收养经典例句All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.(牛津P27)三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。(1)adopt ones suggestion采纳某人的建议the adopted son 养子(2)adoption n. 收养；采用After much consideration, we all decided to adopt my deskmates suggestion.经过再三考虑之后，我们决定采纳我同桌的建议。We argued her into the ado
30、ption (adopt) of the plan.我们说服她采纳这项计划。名师指津adopt与adapt两词词形相近，但意思不同，adapt意为“适应；改编，改写”。The young couple had no children of their own and adopted_an_orphan. After a few months, the child came to adapt_to his new life.这对年轻夫妇没有亲生孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)1Every time they quarrel, J
31、ane threatens to_leave (leave)2Adopting (adopt) different approaches to the problem, I have been successful.3Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl still wore a smile, waiting to be rescued.4Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?By no means. Ours is m
32、uch stronger than theirs.5Is there any table available? Id like to reserve a table for three for eight oclock.6The boss was rough on him, which made him angry.7By_coincidence (巧合的是), we arrived here at the same time.8It was not until I completed the form that I realized that half of the questions we
33、re_not_relevant_to_me (和我没关系).重难点多练1advocate点点练(1)单句改错Our head teacher doesnt advocate students study in the classroom all day. studystudyingSome people advocated that we took action to solve the event. tooktake(2)根据汉语提示完成片段Lots of experts and parents advocate_reducing childrens homework and advocat
34、e_that children (should)_be_given more free time.许多专家及家长主张削减孩子的家庭作业量，并提倡给予孩子更多的自由时间。2substitute面面观(1)完成句子Nothing can substitute_for_the_advice your doctor is able to give you.大夫所能给你的忠告是无可替代的。(2)一句多译在处理国际事务时，他们正在用暴力取代对话。1 They were substituting_violence_for dialogue when dealing with international af
35、fairs.2 They were substituting_dialogue_with/by violence when dealing with international affairs.阅读词汇专练1根据语境选出trap的词性和词义(A)v.使困住(B)v.诱骗(C)n.捕捉器(D)n.陷阱 (E)n.圈套Some miners were trapped underground after the collapse._A_Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap._C_The only thi
36、ng the wolf could do was climbing up to the ground from the trap._D_Its no longer possible to trap a sensible man into marriage._B_The police set a trap to catch the thief._E_2根据语境选出seize的词性和词义Dont hesitate; seize the first opportunity that comes along！_A_The man was seized as he left the building._
37、C_A large quantity of drugs was seized during the raid (突然搜查)_D_Meanwhile they were preparing to seize control by violence._B_1lead to引起，导致，造成(后果)；通向教材原句Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earths temperature that, in turn, leads to climate change.地球变暖指的是地球平均温度升高，继而导致气候变化。lead sb.to .
38、引导某人；使得出(观点)lead sb.to do sth. 使得某人做某事lead a . life 过着的生活In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to_practise (practise) speaking English in an interesting way.在课堂上我把学生分成小组，用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。Not far away there is a bridge that can lead_him_to the tree for more fruit.那儿不远处有一座桥
39、，可以让他到达树旁摘到更多的水果。名师指津lead to中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。2apart from除之外(都)；除之外(尚有)教材原句Apart from the few found in zoos, pandas live only in the central bamboo forests of mainland China.除了少数几只在动物园里可以看到的大熊猫之外，它们只生活在中国内地的中心竹园里。take sth.apart将拆开，拆分tell . apart 分辨出fall apart 破裂；断裂；散开set sb.apart 使某人与众不同 He los
40、t his job and his marriage fell_apart.他失业了，婚姻也破裂了。This robots job is to take_apart bombs that may go off.这种机器人的工作就是拆除那些可能爆炸的炸弹。名师指津apart from作“除以外”讲时，既可以表示“包括”之意，相当于besides；也可以表示“不包括”之意，相当于except；还可以表示说明整个基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，相当于except for。3all in all总的来说经典例句All in all, it had been one of the most miserabl
41、e days of Henrys life.(朗文P50)总的说来，这是亨利一生中最痛苦的日子之一。at all(常用于否定句和条件从句中以加强语气)根本；无论如何；一点儿after all 毕竟；终究in all 总共first of all 首先，第一above all 首先，最重要的是Dont blame him. After_all,_hes only a green hand. 别责怪他，他毕竟还是个新手。The forces for peace are, first_of_all,_the Third World, to which China belongs.这些和平力量，首先是
42、第三世界，中国也属于第三世界。To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, above_all,_honest.(2011安徽高考单选)想要优秀，你必须聪明、自信，更重要的是诚实。4Given this data, it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅只是巧合而已。(1)本句中的given为介词，意为“考虑
43、到，鉴于”，表示原因；还可以表示假设，意为“倘若，假定”。Given (give) their inexperience, theyve done a good job.考虑到他们缺乏经验，这个工作他们已干得很不错了。Given_more_attention,_the trees could have grown better.倘若对这些树多加照料，它们会长得更好。(2)表示“考虑到”时，given后还可接that从句，that有时可省略。Given_(that)_you_are_sick,_wed better put off the meeting.考虑到你生病了，我们最好推迟会议。(3)
44、given 还可作形容词，意为“规定的，特定的”。They were to meet at a given (give) time and place. 他们定了个特定时间和地点见面。5The_last_few_years_have_seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。(1)句中the last few years作主语，see作谓语，意为“经历；目睹”，这种拟人修辞手法表达既简练又生动
45、。The National Day of 2015 witnessed (witness) so many traffic jams on the expressway.2015年的国庆节见证了高速路上大量的拥堵事件。(2)拟人修辞手法把事物人格化，使本来不具备人的动作和感情的一些动、植物变得像人一样能说能笑。英语中使用拟人修辞手法的句子，主语通常是表示时间、地点或心爱之物，如车、船等的名词；谓语动词常为see, witness, find等。The two stone lions standing in front of Tiananmen saw/witnessed many great
46、historic events.天安门前的这两只石狮目睹了许多重大的历史事件。.基础点全练1. 单句语法填空Without your help, I would_have_failed (fail) the exam last week.Having suffered a lot from wars, people in that area call for an end to wars eagerly.Increased production will, in turn, lead to increased profits.If you stick to that, you shall an
47、swer for the consequences.We must break away from convention and adopt as many advanced techniques as possible.What on earth led you to_change (change) your mind at last?Our hometown has_witnessed (witness)great changes since the reform and opening policies started.Given (give) another hour, I can a
48、lso work out the problem.2运用所学短语完成片段The last few years have seen the severe damage to the environment and apart_from (除以外) this, it is beyond_our_control (超出了我们的控制). Given the latest data, it seems that humans should answer_for (对负责) this. _Looking_ahead (展望未来), its time for us to take action; or el
49、se, it would lead_to (导致) greater damage. Fortunately, governments all over the world have adopted various ways to protect the environment. After_all (毕竟), we have only one earth. .重难点多练1apart相关短语全接触(1)选词填空(besides/except/except for/apart from)Your compositions were well written except_for/apart_fro
50、m a few spelling mistakes.Besides/Apart_from English, they also study math, physics and chemistry.He answered all the questions apart_from/except the last one.(2)完成句子You can tell_my_twin_brother_and_me_apart by this mark on my face.你可以从我脸上的疤痕分辨出我和我的孪生兄弟。If the problem is in the printer, well have to
51、 take_the_whole_machine_apart.如果问题出在打印机上，我们将不得不把整台机器拆开。He has a unique genius that sets_him_apart_from_other_writers.他有独特的天赋，使他不同于其他作家。To be honest, our relationship has_fallen_apart.说实话，我们之间的关系已经破裂了。2all相关短语大观园根据汉语提示完成片段You shouldnt have scolded the boy at_all. He is a child after_all. Above_all,_h
52、e made only two mistakes in_all.你根本不该责备那个男孩。他毕竟还是一个孩子。最重要的是，他总共才出了两处错误。课时练(一) 单元考点落实练和完形填空提能练一、单元考点落实练(练基础)(限时：40分钟).单词拼写1The judge condemned (宣判) the killer to spend all his life in prison.2For most people, the car is still their main means (方式) of transport.3The enemy soldiers were fleeing (逃跑) in
53、 all directions when they were attacked.4They advocated (主张) that we should establish a daycare center.5It is not worth sacrificing (牺牲) your health for your career.6Yogurt (酸奶) is a perfectly acceptable substitute (代替品) for cream in cooking.7All children should be encouraged to develop their full p
54、otential (潜能)8What experience do you have that is relevant (相关的) to this position?9Stick to your principle (原则) and tell him you wont do it.10Before he could run away, she seized (抓住) him by the collar.单句语法填空1They were able to position the ships by means of radar.2The book referred (refer) to last t
55、ime has been sold out.3The old computer doesnt work; we must substitute a new one for it.4A number of high buildings have_arisen (arise) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.5As teachers, we should be considerate (consider) of our students feelings. And then they will trust us.6It isnt wise
56、to spend all your salary every month.Keep some money in reserve, just in case.7His nationality isnt relevant to whether hes a good teacher.8There is a narrow road leading (lead) to the old house.9All in all, it has been a pretty bad year for him.10Language is the carrier of culture and in turn its i
57、nfluenced by culture.11The child asked his mother if/whether he could go out to play tennis.12Given (give) that there is no traffic delay, I will be here on time.13I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond recognition.14It is said that he is the only one of the stude
58、nts that was_praised (praise) at the meeting.15March 1970 found (find) me working in a small constructional firm.单句改错1Having trapped in the traffic jam for hours, he became impatient.Having_后加been2The newer will be the substitute with me as your English teacher.withfor3We must obey the principle all
59、 men are innocent until they are proved guilty.principle_后加that4The policeman seized the thief by his arm immediately.histhe5Pupils should be helped to adapt a positive approach to the environment.adaptadopt6They advocate that everyone lives a lowcarbon life. liveslive7“Its such a nice place，” Mothe
60、r said as she sat at the table reserving for customers.reservingreserved8In the past few years thousands of films have produced all over the world.have后加been9Only by this/that mean can we master English.meanmeans10Pack ice around Iceland was becoming a threat with navigation.withto.课文缩写语法填空It is rep
61、orted that Earths climate is being changed and human beings will face global warming. Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earths temperature that/which,_in turn, leads to climate change. The global average temperature has_increased (increase) by 1 over the last 100 years because of h
62、uman activities. If the situation continues (continue), we are condemning life on Earth and should face terrible climate changes, serious diseases and bad effects on some industries as well as the rising (rise) sea levels. So how can we stop these disasters from happening? Governments all over the w
63、orld have a responsibility to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide produced (produce) by their countries. Everyone can play his part/role by making small changes in his daily life.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文Last Monday a lion from the natural reserve broke_away_from (从挣脱) its cage and fled the zoo. It
64、led_to (导致) a panic. The lion beyond control was believed to be very dangerous. Considering peoples lives were threatened, the police advocated_that (提倡) children (should) stay at home every day apart_from (除了) school days. At last, after the police adopted a hunters way, they trapped the lion in a
65、trap. Without the hunters help, the lion couldnt_have_been_caught (不会被捉住) so soon.(二)按要求将词汇句式升级1用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词(1)ConsideringGiven_(that)(2)waymeans2按要求进行句式改写(1)用时间作主语，谓语动词用see/witness改写句Last_Monday_saw/witnessed_a_lion_from_the_natural_reserve_broke_away_from_its_cage_and_fled_the_zoo.(2)用it作形式主语改写句
66、It_was_believed_that_the_lion_beyond_control_was_very_dangerous.(3)用现在分词作状语改写句At_last,_having_adopted_a_hunters_way，the_police_trapped_the_lion_in_a_trap.二、完形填空提能练(练专项)(限时：20分钟)(2016郑州市高中毕业年级质量预测)Do you know that body language accounts for over 90% of a conversation? Thats why communicating face to
67、face is always better than a telephone conversation _1_if you are trying to sell something!Your body language will give others a general _2_ of you and it will also show your emotions. Its very difficult to make your body _3_. Its easy to tell the difference between a _4_ smile of pleasure and a fal
68、se smile. So if you understand body language codes (密码), it is usually possible to know what someone really _5_， whatever they may be saying with _6_.Although much of our body language is universal, a lot is also _7_. Culture codes vary from one country to another and they can _8_ misunderstandings.
69、 Even simple gestures may have a completely different meaning in other parts of the world. For example, the circle _9_ made with three raised fingers means “OK” in the United States. But it is not universal. In Brazil, Greece and Germany it is a _10_ gesture showing disrespect and in Japan it means
70、“money”！In many Asian cultures, it is not appropriate for men and women to touch in public. Therefore, displays of affection such as _11_ hands or kissing are not _12_. In some parts of Asia, _13_， it is common for people of the same sex to hold hands as a sign of _14_.Greetings vary according to th
71、e country and the sex of the people involved. In the west, it is appropriate to shake hands when you _15_ someone for the first time and both men and women can _16_ a handshake. In Indonesia, for example, a man will not offer a handshake to an Indonesian woman _17_ they are in a business situation.I
72、f you want to avoid making _18_ mistakes when you travel to other countries, you should _19_ their basic cultures before you leave. If you do this, you are less likely to _20_ people.1A.namelyBparticularlyCimportantly Dpractically解析：选Bparticularly“尤其，特别”。由语境可知，肢体语言在交流中非常重要，因此面对面交流往往比通过电话交流要好，尤其是当你要设
73、法推销东西时。故B项正确。2A.imagination BdescriptionCexpression Dimpression解析：选D根据下文“it will also show your emotions”可知，肢体语言不仅可以给他人留下总体印象(impression)，还可以传达你的情感。故D项正确。3A.lie BtalkCact Dconduct解析：选A由下文“a false smile”以及“it is usually possible to know what someone really .”可推知，让肢体撒谎(lie)是件很困难的事情。故A项正确。4A.polite Bsh
74、yCsincere Dready解析：选Csincere“真诚的”。根据句中“between . and a false smile”可知，空格处应为与“false”词义相反的单词。故C项正确。5A.cares BmeansCshows Dconsiders解析：选B根据语境可知，如果掌握了肢体语言的密码，那么就很有可能知道一个人的真实用意。故B项正确。6A.words BexamplesCfeelings Dmovements解析：选A联系上下文可知，无论他们用言语说什么，你都可以通过肢体语言来了解其真实用意。故A项正确。7A.exact BforeignCcultural Dsimilar
75、解析：选C根据下文“Culture codes vary from one country to another”可知，尽管大多数肢体语言都是通用的，但由于国家之间存在着文化(cultural)差异，因此还有许多肢体语言具有文化特色。故C项正确。8A.clear up Bcut downCrefer to Dlead to解析：选Dclear up“清理”；cut down“削减，砍倒”；refer to“参考，涉及”；lead to“导致”。根据语境可知，文化差异的存在往往会导致误解的产生。故D项正确。9A.sign BmarkCshape Dfigure解析：选A根据语境可知，在美国，三根
76、伸出的手指构成的圆圈手势表示赞同。sign与“gesture”词义相近。故A项正确。10A.helpless BrudeCdangerous Dcasual解析：选B根据句中的“showing disrespect”可知，在巴西、希腊和德国该手势表示粗鲁(rude)。故B项正确。11A.shaking BtouchingCraising Dholding解析：选Dshake“握手”；touch“接触”；raise“升起”；hold“持有”。句意：异性之间通过手拉手或亲吻来表达爱意是不被接受的。下文的“hold hands”是提示，故D项正确。12A.comfortable BsuitableC
77、acceptable Dreasonable解析：选C根据语境可知，男女之间在公众场合表达爱意，如手拉手或亲吻是不被接受的(acceptable)。故C项正确。13A.therefore BotherwiseChowever Dbesides解析：选C联系上文可知，在许多亚洲文化中，异性之间在公众场合手拉手或亲吻是不被接受的，然而在亚洲的一些地方，同性之间的这些举动却是很普遍的。两句间构成转折关系。故C项正确。14A.friendship BloveCadmiration Dconcern解析：选A根据上文“displays of affection”可知，在一些亚洲国家，同性之间用来表达友情
78、的手拉手是很普遍的。故A项正确。15A.know BintroduceCapproach Dmeet解析：选D根据生活常识可知，人们在初次见面(meet)时往往会握手。故D项正确。16A.suggest BstartCdemand Dfollow解析：选B根据语境可知，由于初次见面时握手是恰当的，因此男女见面首先会握手。start a handshake“从握手开始”，符合语境。17A.unless BuntilCif Dwhile解析：选A由语境可知，在印度尼西亚，除非在生意场合，否则男性不能主动和女性握手。unless“除非”，符合语境。故A项正确。18A.surprising Bdisa
79、ppointingCembarrassing Dlaughing解析：选C联系上文中提及的一些肢体语言在不同文化中的不同含义可知，当你去国外旅游时，为了避免出现一些令人尴尬的(embarrassing)错误，应该在出发前了解一些当地的基本文化常识。故C项正确。19A.experience BdevelopCrespect Dunderstand解析：选D句意同上。experience“经历”；develop“形成，发展”；respect“尊重”；understand“明白，获悉，理解”。故D项正确。20A.worry BhurtCaffect Ddisturb解析：选B根据语境可知，如能事先了
80、解不同国家的文化习俗，就能减小伤害(hurt)他人的可能性。故B项正确。课时练(二)阅读理解提速练(练速度) (限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2016济南市高考模拟)Welcome to our homepage!Weve teamed up with two travel agencies to give members of our club the chance to win a holiday to the South of France or one to the Maldives.The winner and our three guests will enjoy a sevenn
81、ight getaway (短假) at the Villa Le Priotlet a centuries old stone villa (别墅) set on the banks of the Dordogne River. This property has been lovingly restored and furnished, and is ideal for small families to relax surrounded by peaceful views and gentle countryside. The beautiful gardens surrounding
82、the property are full of seasonal treats for you to pick and enjoy, including figs, pears and grapes. The property is also situated just 15 minutes from the UNESCO World Heritage Site of SaintEmilion, which has been producing some of the worlds best wine since Roman times.Well also give another luck
83、y member a sevennight stay for two people on their island tour to the Maldives. With white sand beaches, coconut trees and blue warm sea, the Maldives is a mustsee destination. Accompanied by a local guide, guests have the chance to combine island life with cultural activities, as well as experienci
84、ng all those things for which the Maldives is famous: diving and snorkeling (徒手潜水) and relaxation. The guesthouse accommodation is handpicked (精选的) to provide a balance of comfort, good service and local atmosphere.To enter this competition, click on “enter competition” in the information box below.
85、1The free holiday in France includes _.Aaccommodation at an ancient villaBfresh fruit, vegetables and meatCthe best French wineDadmission to SaintEmilion解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，在法国的免费假期包括在一座古老的别墅的食宿；文中仅提及新鲜的水果，故B项不正确； SaintEmilion 盛产最好的红酒，但免费假期里不包括，故C项不正确；D项文中没有提及。故选A项。2What can people do in the Maldi
86、ves if they win the holiday there?AThey can enjoy countryside views.BThey can adventure some water sports.CThey can stay at a guesthouse on the beach.DThey can visit local families to experience island life.解析：选B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“diving and snorkeling (徒手潜水) and relaxation”可知，人们能够经历一些水上运动，故B项正确。3Where
87、 can we find the text?AIn a guidebook.BIn a brochure.COn a website. DIn a magazine.解析：选C文章出处题。根据文章的第一段“Welcome to our homepage！”和最后一段可知，这些旅游信息是发布在网站上的，故C项正确。B(2016江西省九校联合考试)A GRANDMOTHER，Michelle Riotton, 78, survived after falling down a mountain valley. She set off for a walk alone dressed only in
88、 a light jacket and trousers. “I slipped into a valley！” said Mrs Riotton, who said the fall happened in a deep forest close to her home village.It was warm and sunny when the accident happened, but temperatures dropped to very low when night fell, and it rained. “I wasnt afraid，” said Mrs Riotton.
89、“But I was worried that my children and grandchildren would become too worried about me.” Mrs Riotton said she covered herself in leaves when feeling cold, taking very small bites of two biscuits which she had in her pocket and drinking rainwater which fell down her face.She spent six nights before
90、she was found on Saturday. She was lying at the bottom of the valley, which was less than a mile from her home. The search had once been stopped, but Patrice Fossard, one of her neighbors, insisted that the search continue. “There was no way we could give up her, even if deep inside we felt we had l
91、ittle hope of finding her alive，” said Mr Fossard. “It was a miracle that Michelle was finally found.”Mrs Riotton said she would be taking life easier from now on. “Enough is enough！” she said. “No more forests dont want to visit one again.”A mountain policeman said walking alone in the mountain was
92、 not recommended and that Mrs Riotton should have carried a mobile phone with her. “The mountains are particularly dangerous at this time of year as sunny afternoons can quickly change into cold, wet and stormy evenings.” he said. “Anybody walking into the mountains should carry safety equipment and
93、 be prepared for any kind of emergency.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了78岁的Riotton夫人独自出行，不小心跌入山谷之中，在6天后终于得救的故事。4When Michelle Riotton was in the valley, she _.Awas hurt too badly to moveBmissed her home very muchCdidnt feel afraidDfelt very hungry解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，Riotton夫人在山谷中并没有感到害怕。故选C项。5Michelle Riotton c
94、overed herself with leaves to _.Akeep warm during her sufferingBprevent the harmful animalsCmake herself noticed by othersDavoid getting wet in the rain解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中“Mrs Riotton said she covered herself in leaves when feeling cold”可知，Riotton夫人把树叶盖在身上是为了御寒保暖。故选A项。6Michelle Riotton got lost on
95、 _.ASundayBSaturdayCWednesday DMonday解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，Riotton夫人在周六被找到，此时她已在山谷中度过了六个夜晚，由此可推知，六个夜晚前应是周日。故选A项。7According to the mountain policeman, _.Athe mountains in the morning are very dangerousBone had better not walk in the mountains aloneCpeople should carry safety equipment every dayDpeopl
96、e wouldnt be safe without a mobile phone解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中“A mountain policeman said walking alone in the mountain was not recommended”可知，警察建议人们最好不要独自在山中行走。故选B项。C(2016江西重点中学盟校第一次联考)Based on new analysis, we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environmen
97、t could be quite severe. Geographers predict that within the next eighty years, current world climate zones could shift and some could completely disappear. Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter, forcing animals to migrate (迁徙) north.Climate changes like these cou
98、ld lead to the spread of diseases. Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase but may also become more intense. If the changes come too quickly, animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.According to Science Daily, a new study predicts that by the y
99、ear 2100, many of todays familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in todays world. It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these farreaching consequences for the whole world. The planet itself has been showing signs of change. In 2004, a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake k
100、illed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008, thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake. Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake. Within just the last few months, new reports from around the world have been coming
101、in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously thought. At this point, it doesnt matter what is causing it, but rather, what can be done about it. Whats more, our world is getting more and more unstable every year. There is war and threat of war everywhere. Natural disast
102、ers are becoming more frequent and serious.However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection between this. No one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了未来气候的变化对
103、人和动物的生存环境的影响。8What is the major function of Paragraph 1?ATo arouse the readers concern.BTo introduce the theme of the whole passage.CTo summarize the whole passage.DTo state how climate changes.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，最新研究数据表明，即将到来的世界气候的巨大变化将严重影响社会和环境。而接下来的几段则是围绕气候变化对社会和环境具体的影响而展开的，由此可推知，第一段主要是介绍文章的主题
104、。故选B项。9What is the authors purpose in using the examples of earthquakes?ATo show major changes will take place on the planet.BTo remind people to prevent future earthquakes.CTo show the damage earthquakes caused.DTo tell us more earthquakes will happen in the future.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The planet it
105、self has been showing signs of change.”可知，列举最近地球上所发生的地震是为了说明地球已有发生重大变化的迹象。故选A项。10Which of the following is NOT true of climate changes effects?AAnimal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.BIt could lead to the spread of diseases.CCurrent world climate zones coul
106、d shift and completely disappear.DNatural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Geographers predict that . completely disappear.”可知，地理学家预计在未来的八十年中，现在的世界气候带可能会改变，有的可能会完全消失，C项中说世界气候带可能会变化并会完全消失，与文中描述不符，故C项表述错误。故选C项。11What can be inferred from the passage?AAnimals and pla
107、nts wont die out as long as climate changes slowly. BTheres enough data for us to predict the future of climate change.CThe world is getting more unstable because of animal migration.DThe earth is not the only planet that is experiencing climate change.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，地球并不是唯一一个在经历气候变化的星球。故选D项
108、。D(2016河北衡水中学二模)The earth provides us with almost everything that we need to eat, sleep, work and entertain. To do all this, we use the earths resources. Because some of us have more buying power, they end up using more resources than they usually need. At the same time, we also create a great deal
109、of waste and pollution. So we also need to think about how much land we use to deal with that waste. Then two things happen: first, large numbers of the worlds population get much less resources than they need to live; second, the earth is damaged.The amounts of resources we consumed are like footpr
110、ints. They show whose lifestyles are a burden on the earth and whose lifestyles are not. Because a few people eat up most of the earths resources, the majority have to bear the consequences like pollution. This is the ecological footprints that the earth keeps in its memory.Some years ago, a famous
111、expert, called William Rees, developed this idea of the ecological footprints. Today, this idea has become like a magnifying glass (放大镜). It allows us to see whether we are living lives in a way that keeps the earth in a reasonably good shape. Once the earth goes out of shape, there is no hope for h
112、uman beings.Countries like the United States and Canada have big ecological footprints. Rees calculated that the average amount of energy and materials consumed by a Canadian is what a land of 4.3 hectares can produce. India has a footprint of 0.4. This means that the energy and materials consumed b
113、y an Indian is what 0.4 hectares of land can produce. But if we look more carefully, we will find that even within India, the footprints of the city Indian are much larger than the rural Indian.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。我们消费及浪费的能源数量就是留在地球上的脚印，脚印越多说明消费的资源越多，给地球造成的负担就越重。一旦把地球踩得变了形，那人类就没有了生存的希望。12Which of the foll
114、owing is the best title for this text?AFootprints on the EarthBHow to Protect the EarthCFootprints of Wild AnimalsDHow to Reduce Pollution on the Earth解析：选A标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，第二段是本文的主题段。根据第二段第一句并结合下文中多次提到的“footprints”可知，A项“地球上的脚印”适合做标题。故答案选A。13Our footprints on the earth refer to _.Athe cities we buildBth
115、e cultures we createCthe marks we leave on roads behind usDthe resources we use and the waste we produce解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是第一句和最后一句可知，地球上的脚印指的是我们消费的能源数量。故答案选D。14According to the text, rich people _.Ashould give more money to the poorBare using too many resourcesCare helping the poor to live bett
116、er livesDshould live in rural areas with the poor解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Because some of us have more buying power .”可知，有更强购买力的人使用的资源超过了他们的实际需要，即富人消耗的资源太多。故答案选B。15We can learn from the text that Rees _.Aput forward the idea of the ecological footprintsBthought highly of the United States and CanadaCthou
117、ght India was an extremely poor countryDthought rich people made great contributions to society解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，答案选A。.阅读七选五(2016兰州市高三实战考试)Organizing Your TimeYou can set a budget for your time just as you can set a budget for your money. Since youre trying to reduce worry rather than increase i
118、t, go into this process with a focus on maximizing (使最大化) your personal time, rather than cramming as much as you can into each day.Set a sleep schedule. _1_ Give yourself a onehour target for bedtime in the evening, and set a strict time to get up in the morning. Be sure that the space between your
119、 bedtime and the start of your day gives you roughly an hour more than the amount of sleep you actually need. _2_Take care of tasks at the same time every day. Plan time for daily health care, commuting (乘公交上下班往返), work, shopping, eating, and chores (日常事务). Add in time for anything else you do most
120、days, such as homework, exercise, or an active hobby. _3_ All the time left over is your free time, to use for relaxation or whatever else you want._4_ For example, you might plan to go, dropping on your way home from work, to save the extra trip.For many people, an irregular work schedule makes thi
121、s kind of budgeting difficult. _5_AHowever, you can still plan to work around your schedule in the same order every day.BStick to it, even on weekends.CTry to combine trips outside the home to maximize your free time.DDifferent days call for different approaches.ETherefore, you wont lay down and sta
122、rt worrying about whether or not youll fall asleep on time.FSit comfortably and focus on your breathing until the rest of your thoughts become quiet.GPut them in a specific order that works for you.答案：15BEGCA课时练(三)第卷强化增分练(练规范)(限时：45分钟).语法填空(2016太原一模)Young people and old people do not always agree wi
123、th each other. They sometimes have different _1_ (idea) about life, work and play. But in one special program in New York State, the adults and the teenagers live _2_ peace. Each summer, 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work group. Everyone _3_ (work)
124、 several hours each day. Some teenagers work in the woods or on the farms near the villages. Some learn _4_ (make) furniture and to build houses. The adults teach them these skills. Everyone has several free hours every day and is _5_ (complete) free on weekends, too. During the free hours some teen
125、agers enjoy photography or _6_ (paint). Others sit around and just talk and sing.It is necessary to make rules _7_ people live together. In this program the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. When someone breaks the rules, _8_ group will discuss the problem. They will ask the question
126、s like “Why did it happen？” _9_ “What should we do about it？”After the program, one of the teenagers said, “This program has taught me that I should stop thinking only about _10_. I began to think about the whole group.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。成人和青少年往往不能和平相处，因为他们在生活、工作和娱乐方面的观点是不一样的。文章主要讲述了纽约州的一个特别节目是如何帮助双方相互理
127、解，从而和睦共处的故事。1ideas根据“different”可知，其后名词应用复数形式。故填ideas。2inin peace意为“和平地”，是固定短语。故填in。3works根据上句语境及“each day”可知，此处用一般现在时；everyone作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。故填works。4to makelearn to do sth.意为“学会做某事”。故填to make。5completely副词completely修饰形容词“free”，指他们在周末是完全自由的。故填completely。6paintingenjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”。故填painting。
128、7when/if句意：当(如果)人们要一起生活，那么就有必要制定一些规则。根据句意可知，应填when/if，引导时间状语或条件状语从句。8the此处特指第一段提到的这个特别工作小组。故填定冠词the。9and由语境可知，此处用来连接两个并列的问题。故填and。10myself根据下文“I began to think about the whole group.”可知，节目教会“我”不再只为自己考虑了。故填myself。.短文改错(2016大庆高三第二次质检)Beijing has lots of famous tourist attractions. Every year many tour
129、ist come here to enjoy its beautiful scenery and rich culture. But several years ago, visitors behave badly. Some talked loudly in public and threw litter everywhere. Some picked flowers, cutting down trees and hurt animals. And even better, some painted on the walls and smoked in the woods.Luckily,
130、 things has changed. Rubbish is always put into dustbins. People are friendly at animals. Everybody smokes in the woods. All these changes make us happily. As student, I think we should know its our duty to protect the environment. Lets to change our behavior when we travel.答案：第二句：touristtourists第三句
131、：behavebehaved第五句：cuttingcut第六句：betterworse第七句：hashave第九句：atto/toward(s)第十句：EverybodyNobody第十一句：happilyhappy第十二句：As 后加 a第十三句：去掉 to.书面表达(2015沈阳高三质检二)请你根据对下面这幅漫画的理解，以“Come back to reality”为题，用英语写一篇作文。你的作文应包括以下内容：1简要描述漫画的内容；2概述你对这幅漫画的理解；3举例说明你会怎样做。注意：1.可参照漫画适当发挥；2作文词数100左右；3作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等
132、。Come back to reality_参考范文：Come back to realityAs is shown in the picture, a woman is sitting in front of a computer and trying to make friends on the Net. Just outside the door, many people are watching, eager to make friends with her. However, they are all neglected.The picture reminds me of many
133、young people who are computer addicts in the virtual world. What is worse is that the situation continues and sooner or later those people will be eventually cut off from the real world. There is no doubt that the virtual world can be exciting, but thats not the reason for them. Too much time and en
134、ergy devoted to the Internet will lead to a disaster both physically and mentally. In other words, the real world that we live in is what really counts.As for myself, Ill devote myself to more worthwhile things in real life, from making friends to studying, only in this way can I make my life full and valuable.
